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CLOUDY, FOG
VOL. LXVH, No. 71 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 15, 1956
FOUR PAGES
.s.
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Budapest I
Stage New Strikes;
Production Halted
Stream of Refugees Continues
At Baffling Rate Into Austria
BUDAPEST OP)-Thousands of Budapest factory workers staged
new sit-down strikes yesterday and refused to produce even though
the plants were occupied by Soviet and Hungarian troops.
The workers declared defiantly they would remain idle until Pre-
mier Janos Kadar's government releases two imprisoned labor leaders.
The Kadar regime hit back with new restrictions on the Hungarian
people and threatened to cut off workers' salaries.
Nearly Crushed
With the aid of Soviet tanks the government apparently has
crushed the last elements of revolution in the Hungarian countryside
except for occasional bloody demonstrations.
Yesterday's sit-down in Budapest seemed not to have spread to
orkers Defy
* * *
Red oo sAllies
pA
To Build
Warheads
f the provnces
There were rumors, however, t
k IHc Report
Cites Food
Riot Factors
Many factors other than food
helped to motivate the Dec. 2
demonstration according to an
Inter-House Council report to the
administration.
The report, compiled by Presi-
dent Bob Warrick, '57E, and the
quadrangle presidents, cited poor
communications and underlying
tensions as important factors in
the demonstration.
Many students were unaware
that service committees existed to
take their complaints an sugges-
tions to the administration, the
report said.
National elections, crises in the
Near and Middle East, and the
short vacation this year contri-
buted to an increase of tension,
the report said.
The report noted the demon-
stration occurred on the first ma-
jor, non-football week-end, giv-
ing added strength to its thesis.
"This would seem evident," it
said, "since many of the partici-
pants who were questioned . . .
had no specific complaints regard-
ing food."
A separate report was offered,
listing major food gripes in each
of the quads. The report listed
general complaints and then spe-
cial ones for each group.
General complaints included:
no substitute for pork for Jewish
students, too many starchy foods,
decorative rather than tasty
meals, and repetition of unpopu-
lar meals.
City News
Roundup
James A. Lewis, University vice
president for student affairs, is
one of six newly elected directors
of the Ann Arbor Chamber of
Commerce.
Ballots cast by more than 400
members were made public yester-
day at the regular directors' meet-
ing.;
Lewis said he agreed to run for
the office because, "The Univer-!
sity ought to be represented on all
city committees and affairs." He
mentioned that many other Uni-1
versity personnel work with the]
city on various projects and func-1
tions.
The five elected officials are
Jack Hogan, Franklin C. For-
sythe, John R. McMullen, Law-
rence H. Ouimet and Curtis E.
Bottum.
* *
hat Kadar's government soon would
4be reformed to include non-Com-
munists.
These reports said the Soviet:
eventually must drop Kadar an
replace him with someone wh
can command at least a sem-
blance of support from Industria
workers and farmers.
Tildy Mentioned
One report said Szoltan Tildy, E
former Calvinist pastor and chair-
man of the Hungarian Smallhold-
ers party, might succeed Kada
when order has been restored.
The strikes this week have fur-
ther lowered production already
curtailed by Hungary's severe coa
shortage. Acute even before the
beginning of the Oct. 23 revolt
the shortage has become grave
since the number of miners has
dropped from 100,000 to an esti-
mated 45,000.
At the Csepel iron and steel
works south of Budapest about
28,000 workers filed into the vari-
ous plants but refused to work.
They made up about 80 per cent
of the total working force.
Refugees Still Flee
Thousands of workers in a dozen
other Budapest factories were en-
gaged in similar tactics to compel
the release of Sandor Racz, chair-
man of the outlawed Budapest
Central Workers' Council, and
Sandor Bari, the vice-chairman.
The rising number of harried
refugees slipping across from Hun-
gary yesterday baffled Western
experts.
"Why don't the Russians stop
them?" they asked. The flow
dropped to a low of 950 on Wed-
nesday, apparently because Hun-
gary's two-day general strike
halted most trains and buses.
Thursday the refugee tide began
to rise again along the 150 miles
of bare and wooded hills that
make the Iron Curtain between
Austria and Hungary.
In a period of 24 hours, the
frontier was crossed by 1,400 Hun-
garians. In daylight hours yester-
day the Austrian police counted
401. Many more are expected to
cross during the night.
When U.S. Vice-President Rich-
ard M. Nixon tours the area next
week he should be able to stand
at a border point and greet the
refugees as they come through-
unless the Russians drastically
change their policy of the past
six weeks.
Vice-President Nixon is due
Wednesday for a three-day look
at the refugee situation. He will
visit emergency camps on the bor-
der and inspect accommodations
farther back at Woellersdorf and
Traiskirchen. On Friday he goes
to Salzburg where refugees are
prepared for the military airlift
to the United States.
fanks Elected
Y.R. President
NEHRU COMING:
Diplomats
To Meet
Sunday
WASHINGTON (P) - Sparks
could fly when Vice President
Ricard M. Nixon receives India's
Prime. Minister Jaurhailal Nehru
at the National Airport tomorrow.
The last time the two men ex-
changed words-they, were thou-
sands of miles apart then-the
words were actually verbal blowsl
over the issue of neutralism, and
they resounded throughout the
world.
But diplomacy and politics be-
ing what they are, Vice President
Nixon and Nehru are fully ex-
pected to shake hands and smile
in a well-mannered way.
Due Tomorrow
India's Prime Minister is due in
Washington tomorrow for four
days of conversation with Presi-
dent Dwight D. Eisenhower and
other top officials including Vice
President Nixon and Secretary of
State John Foster Dulles.
Relations betweenthe United
States and India have always in-
volved a lot of controversy as well
as a considerable degree of friend-
ship.
One of the most intense periods
of quarreling broke out last sum-
mer as a direct result of President
Eisenhower's ,efforts at a news
conference on June 6 to say some-
thing that would please and re-
assure the Indians.
Neutrality Definition
The core of President Eisen-
hower's comment was that the
United States respects the rights
of nations to be neutral although
that didn't meah "neutral as be-
tween right and wrong."
Sec. Dulles undertook to set
the record straight on U.S. policy
on June 9 but merely succeeded
in tipping it over in the opposite
direction. He called neutralism an
"obsolete. . .immoral and short-
sighted conception." He succeeded
in annoying the neutrals as much
as President Eisenhower had ir-
ritated the allies.
A few weeks later Vice President
Nixon set out on a job of repair-
ing U.S. relations in the Asian
area, visiting only allied capitals.
He said July 4 at Manila that the
U.S. "cherishes" the friendthip of
all free nations, including the
non-allied, but that "we have no
sympathy" toward neutralism that
makes no moral distinction be-
tween communism and freedom.
Ministers Call Soviet Penetration
In Middle East Threat To Security
PARIS (M--The NATO Ministerial Council wound up a
four-day session by approving a military directive placing
primary emphasis on tactical atomic fire-power.
United States Defense Secretary Charles E. Wilson prom-
ised yesterday the U. S. would supply its Atlantic Pact Allies
with modern weapons capable of firing atomic warheads, but
not the warheads themselves.
He urged European NATO members to develop and pro-
duce their own new super-armaments.
The foreign ministers of the 15 Atlantic Pact countries
also declared yesterday Soviet penetration of the Middle
East is a threat to the security of the NATO area.
Through UN
The NATO foreign ministers called in their final commu-
nique for a permanent peaceful settlement of all Middle East
problems through the UN.
They stressed the need to get the Suez Canal operating
again with the least possible delay, the urgency of a final
settlement of the waterway's<---_ _ _
-Daily-Dick Gaskili
TO OPEN DOORS MARCH 1--Workmen are building doors, laying tile, connecting wires and fitting
pipes as work on the interior of the Student Activities Building moves toward scheduled completion
Feb. 1. General superintendent. George Leonard said yesterday he "hopes" the work will be completed
on time. Dick Good, '57BAd, charman of the SGC committee for the building, said he expects it will
be fully occupied by March 1. Good said opening ceremonies are being planned for the building, which
is designed for the offices of the deans of men and women, as well as for campus organizations.
PRIME MINISTER RETURNS:
Eden Claims British Actions 'Right'
LONDON ()-Prime Minister
Anthony Eden declared yesterday
"there is growing understanding"
in the United States that British
armed intervention in Egypt was
right.
Eden returned tanned and rest-
ed from three weeks under the
Caribbean sun in Jamaica and
said firmly, "I am absolutely fit
to resume my duties."
Eden referred to the Middle'
East crisis and by indirection to
U.S. opposition to British-French
intervention almost at the outset
of his prepared statement.
"Right"
"Now I am sure from my post-
bag and otherwise that what we'
have done has been right," he
said.
Eden said the formation of a
I 1 114" 11
UN police force for the Middle
East "could be the turning point
in the history of the United Na-
tions"
"Does anyone suppose that there
would have been a United Na-
tions force but for British and
French action?' he demanded.
"Everyone Knows"
"Everyone knows now the ex-
tent to which the Soviets were,
preparing their drive in the Mid-
dle East. Russia supplied arms in
such quantities, as has now been
revealed, because she knew the
Egyptian dictator's ambitions suit-
ed her own book.
"The aim was just this-more
satellites, but this time in the
Middle East.
"I am more convinced than I
have been about anything in my
political life that what we have
done is right."
Speaking much more like a law-
yer defending a client, Eden said
it might have been possible to
let things slide.
"To let things drift," he said,
"would have been to allow Egyp-
tian President Gamal Nasser and
the Moscow-Cairo axis to carry
out its plan."
Nation Divided
Eden returned to a nation deep-
ly divided over his actions in the
Suez crisis. The Labor party op-
posed armed force and some Con-
servatives in his party were an-
gered because this operation was
called off before all the canal was
occupied.
future, and called for an end
to the explosive Arab-Israeli
conflict.
The communique, marking the
end of the council session of for-
eign, finance and defense minis-
ters, also denounced Russia for
"the brutal suppression of the
heroic Hungarian people."
It urged the UN to keep up a
steady pressure of world public
opinion to induce the Soviets to
withdraw.
Future Military Plans
"The ministers examined the
implications for NATO of Soviet
policy and actions in Europe and
elsewhere," said the communique.
"In the slight of their assess-
ment of Soviet policy they were in
full agreement on the need to face
up to any threat which would en-
danger the security and freedom
of the Atlantic community.
In this connection, the council
approved a directive for future
military plans, taking into ac-
count the continued rise in Soviet
capabilities and the various types
of new weapons available for
NATO defense."!
Outlining the American view of
NATO's military problems at a
windup session, Sec. Wilson told
delegates Soviet military capa-
bilities had grown greater because
of development of Communist-bloc
industry.
He urged NATO to counter it
with balanced forces stressing the
most modern weapons.
"Dual Capacity"
Sec. Wilson pledged to send
"dual capacity" weapons to
NATO's European members. These
can fire both atomic and conven-
tional charges but he said that
because of American security laws
only non-atomic explosives could
be supplied to foreign countries.
His views were in harmony with
NATO's "new look," by which the
West would rely on-modern fire-
power and technological know-
how to counter the Russians' mas-
sive manpower.
Britain, the Netherlands, France
and West Germany had publicly
urged that their forces be equipped
with atomic field weapons.
Discussing deployment of Amer-
ican troops, a high source said
there was no intention to reduce
the U.S. units stationed in Ger-
many. He said the U.S. govern-
ment "is not even considering"
an offer to Russia for a mutual
U.S.-Soviet withdrawal from Ger-
many.
News dispatches from Washing-
ton reporting such consideration
probably were based on a misun-
derstanding, he said.
T' Graduate
Offers Plan
The possibility of using steam
and radioactive gases from- a nu-
clear power reactor to vulcanize
rubber tires was advanced .recent-
lv by, a TTniversitv pninerin
BUENOS AIRES:
Argentine
Terrorists
Bomb City4
BUENOS AIRES, Argentina M)
-New unrest swept through Ar-
gentina yesterday.
A wave of bomb attacks against
public transport - units and pri-
vate homes kept police on the
alert.
A politician announced the for-
mation of a new political party
with an archfoe of the govern-
ment, Gen. Leon Justo Bepgoa, as
its president.
Labor continued restive.
The bomb assaults, apparently
by antigovernment terrorists, be-
gan late Thursday night. The first
bomb exploded under a streetcar.
It caused no damage.
Moments later another bomb
exploded as a_ commuter train
pulled into a station. It shattered
windows and started a fire in one
coach.
Before dawn two unknown men
threw bottles of gasoline-with
lighted wicks-at a city bus, but
they failed to start a fire.
Another 'bomb exploded Thurs-
day night beside a suburban home
owned by Mrs. Adelaida Sarmien-
to de Fauson, mother of Provision-
al President Aramburu's private
secretary. It caused minor dam-
age.
Saporiti, an independent Argen-
tine news agency, reported that at
San Juan a politician named Ri-
cardo Azocar announced the for-
mation of a new political group,
the "Party of National Concoi'd."
According to Saporiti, Azocar
said Gen. Bengoa will be president
of the party.
World News
Roundup
By The Associated Press
Correspondents Held.,.
BUDAPEST - Russian-control-
led Hungarian police yesterday
detained three Western news cor-
respondents covering the sit-down
strike of Hungarian workers at
the Csepel iron and steel works
south of Budapest.
The correspondents were held
for eight hours, unable to tele-
phone their colleagues or their
legations. They were released af-
ter a half hour's interrogation by
the Russian and Hungarian Com-
munist police.
Bus Segregation . *
Foundations
Grant Money
To University
Gifts, grants and bequests to-
taling $1,117,011 were, accepted
by the Regents at their December
meeting yesterday.
Largest was a grant of $605,0001
from the W. K. Kellogg Founda-
tion in Battle Creek.
The National Science Founda-
tion, Washington, D.C., gave the
next largest sum, $269,000,.to sup-
port an "Academic Year Institute
for High School Teachers of Sci-
ence," which will be under the di-
rection of Prof. Freeman D. Miller
of the astronomy department.
Another large sum was $107,021
representing additions to 42 al-
ready established funds made dur-
ing the past six months. Major
item in this figure was $80,131
representing donations to the
Michigan Alumni Fund from MayI
to October of this year.
The Regents also accepted $47,-
939 from the Ford Foundation rep-
resenting the initial payment of
a grant of $313.000 for an experi-
RESEARCH FACILITIES:
'U' Receives $605,000
Kellogg Fund Grant
W. K. Kellogg Foundation of Battle Creek has given the Uni-
versity $605,000 to cover half the cost of providing additional research
facilities for the School of Public Health.
The foundation grant, along with a matching sum from the
federal government National Advisory Council on Health Research
Facilities, will be used to add 33,000 square feet of research space to
the Public Health building.
Doubling the total research area, these grants will provide ap-
proximately 10,000 square feet for the Epidemiology Department,
well known for its work on the Salk polio vaccine and for studies
of acute respiratory disease of viral origin, particularly influenza and
atypical pnuemonia.
4,000 Square Feet
Regents Make
Seven Faculty
Appointments.
Seven appointments to the fac-
ulty were announced by the Reg-
ents at their December meeting
yesterday.
Four were named to the faculty
of the literary school. Prof. George
C. Lorentz of Wayne State Uni-
versity was appointed visiting pro-
fessor of mathematics, three-quar-
ters' time, for the spring semester
this year. Donald Meyer was ap-
pointed professor of physics for a
two and one-half year term be-
The Environmental Health Department, which has received na- ginning next semester.
tional recognition for studies on sanitation of food dispensing and Richard H. Sands was appointed
vending machines, water supplies, and waste disposal and of dust and a professor of physics for a three-
pollen in the atmosphere, will receive an additional 4,000 square feet. year term beginning withnext
The Public Health Statistics Department will have 2,000 square fall,
feet to continue its studies of home injuries and in improving hospital - George L. Grassmuck was ap-
administration records. pointed professor of political sci-
Five thousand square feet will be added to the Public Health ence for a two-year period also,
Practice Department to use in research on health education, mental beginning next fall.
health, nutrition, and maternal and child health. Named to the position of pro-
fessor of mechanica lenainearin