V
IKE'S MESSAGE CREATES
ELECTION PRESSURE
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VOL. LXVI, No. 7 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, FRIDAY, JANUARY 6, 1956
EIGHT PAGES
Fraternity Heads
Deny Bias Claim
Discrimination Ends With Clause
Removal Say Zerman, Weinbaum
By BILL HANEY
Campus fraternity leaders disagree with the charges of Dr. Alfred
McLung Lee, president of the National Committee on Fraternities in
Education, that fraternities without bias clauses are still biased.
"When fraternities remove the bias clause they remove it in good
faith," Interfraternity Council President Bob Weinbaum, '56, said.
"Once the clause is thrown out there is no more discrimination."
Weinbaum Denies 'Underground Bias'
Weinbaum said fraternities that have removed the clause would
not have been so careful in their decision to eliminate discriminaton
fromtheir constitutions if they in-
State
ol
SUnion
Debat e
Message
on Agruc
Stirs
Press Probe
Witnesses,
Stay Silent
WASHINGTON ()-Four wit-
nesses refused yesterday to tell
senators searching for Red in-
fluences in the press and other
news fields whether they had ever
been Communists.
One of the witnesses, Dan Ma-
honey, a rewriteman on the staff
of the New York Daily Mirror,
said, "No sir, I am not," when ask-
ed whether he now is a Com-
munist. However, he refused to
tell whether he had ever been a
dommunist.
Three Refuse To Answer'
The other three - William A.
Price, a reporter for th New York
Daily News; Richard O. Boyer, a
free lance writer of Groton-On-
Hudson, N.Y.; and Otto Albertson,
a composing room employe of the
New York Times-refused to say
whether they now are Communists
or have been in the past.
Price, in declining to answer
questions, refused to invoke the
Fifth Amendment's privilege
against compulsory self-incrimi-
nation. He based his refusals on
the First Amendment, which cov-
ers the right of free speech.
Chairman James Eastland (D-
Miss) repeatedly "ordered and di-
rected" Pride to answer questions
put to him, saying the subcom-
mittee did not recognize his re-
fusal to answer on the ground of
the First Amendment.
Fifth Amendment Used
Boyer and Mahoney invoked the
Fifth Amendment after being told
their refusal to answer on the
ground of the First Amendment
was not recognized. Albertson was
the only one of the four witnesses
heard yesterday who did not make
an issue of the First Amendment.
He simply claimed the protection
t of the Fifth.
The New York Times said edi-
torially yesterday that, "It seems
quite obvious that the Eastland
investigation has been aimed with
particular emphasis at the New
York Times."
Sen. Eastland replied that The
New York Times is not under in-
vestigation. He has said the in-
quiry was aimed at communism
r wherever found, and not at any
particular newspaper or group of
newspapers.
Three of the seven witnesses
called Wednesday were employees
of the Times. Three others were
former employes,
Salutes Given
Bonn Leader
On Birthday
BONN, Germany (P)-Chancellor
Konrad Adenauer was 80 yester-
day and his countrymen gave him
his biggest birthday party.
Tributes and gifts by the thu-
sands flowed in to the "grand old
man" of Germany from his people
and world statesmen of both sides
of the Iron Curtain.
The Bonn Republic's leaders and
foreign diplomats trooped to the
white Chancellory on the Rhine to
wish him "herzliche glueckwuen-
sche - h e a r t y good wishes."
Throughout the nation, news-
papers printed huge pictures of
Adenauer and praise of his states-
man ship.
It was a geat day for the iron-
willed man who in six years has
* piloted West Germany from ruin
to recovery and a position of honor
in the free world. And Adenauer,
tend to retain bias as an "under-
ground" determinant in choosing
members.
Lee openly charges in his book
"Fraternities Without Brother-
hood" that although most fraterni-
ties and sororities do not open-
ly acknowledge discrimination in
their rules, "in most cases it is
very much alive, even though
underground."
Sees Bias As Threat
Lee feels this discrimination per-
sisting in social fraternities repre-
sents a basic threat to democracy
in the United States and to the
effectiveness of American leader-
ership in world affairs.
Lee's findings in a recent sur-
vey showed that only 10 of the 61
leading fraternities still have
written biases against members of
certain races and religions.
However Lee did not place too
much importance in this figure
because of "underground discrimi-
nation."
Zerman Disagrees
Assistant Dean of Men William
Zerman, who has worked closely
with both local and national fra-
ternity systems, does not agree
with Lee's charges that most fra-
ternities without bias clauses have
an "nderground" bias.
"In all the fraternity systems I
know of I can think of only a few
that have anything similar to
what could be termed 'underground
bias,'" Zerman commented.
"I admit that though some may
have this unwritten discrimination
it is certainly not found in the
majority," he said.
Zerman added that in many
cases this was not really discrimi-
nation but more a kind of selec-
tivity which is only human and
not peculiar to fraternities.
Detroit Strike
Negotiations
Yield Progress
DETROIT (") - A three-hour
bargaining session tonight be-
tween printers and publishers of
Detroit's three strike-bound news-
papers was reported to have re-
sulted in "considerable progress.'
Robert C. Butz, representing the
Detroit Newspaper Publishers
Association, said "considerable
progress" was made and he was
"very pleased with the' conduct"
of last night's negotiations.
A new meeting between publish-
ers and printers was scheduled for
11 a.m. today.
Woodruff Randolph, president
of the International Typographi-
cal Union, arived yesterday and
sat in on the bargaining.
The strike entered its sixth
week yesterday and a dispute over
union jurisdiction involving the
printers, photo-engravers and the
Newspapers Guild has been a
major bar to settlement.
Senate
Demand Ike
Keep .FarmW
5
Promises{
'Act or Resign
Humphrey Says
WASHINGTON (A) - A farm
debate flared up in the Senate
late yesterday, accompanied by
Democratic demands that Presi-
dent Dwight D. Eisenhower "keep
the promises" he made to agricul-
ture in 1952.
The argument began a few hours
after the President, in his State of
the Union message, said he will
open a stepped-up attack on the
"deep-seated problems" plaguing
farmers.
Sen. Hubert Humphrey (D- h
Minn.) complained that President s
Eisenhower "promised more than
any other candidate" four years
ago and "has delivered less." Now
that another election looms, the WORL
Senator said, the President is Nearly,
adopting many farm proposals address
that he, as a Democrat, has push-
ed for three years. w
In yesterday's message to Con-
gress, the President urged that
the plight of agriculture be placed
"above and beyond politics." By V
"Too Much At Stake" Membe
"Too much is'at stake," he said. Universit
"No group is more fundamental to tinued or
our national life than our farm- ruary fun
ers." ing in th
Sen. Humphrey suggested that day.
President Eisenhower call in Sec- Represe
retary of Agriculture Benson, read groups re
to him the farm pledges the Pres- tribute, w
ident made in 1952, and then in- Future is
struct him to "carry them out or the work
resign." and listn
This brought Sen. George Ben- its servic
der (R-Ohio) to his feet with a Georgia
protest that the Democrats, nO ber at L:
in control of the Senate and the group
House, "have done nothing" about and con
the legislation referred to by Sen. traveling
Humphrey. recent ye
Administration 'Frantic',Poi
Earlier, Sen. Lyndon Johnson ofof tesha
Texas, the Senate's Democratic conr
leader, said it is obvious that the tripov
Eisenhower Administration "has Janet
become frantic about the farm Student
situation." National
Sen. William Langer (R-ND) Committe
also took the President to task, erates, ex
saying he permitted rye, oats and her comrr
wheat to come in from Canada ings of W
last year when the prices of these "There'
crops were declining in the United giving m
States. telling of
To Ask Surplus Liquidation will that
Without waiting for the de- Anne Wi
taied program President Eisen- of WS,
hower plans to submit next Mon- housing
day, Sen. Clinton Andrson (D- their par
NM) announced he will ask Con- drive.
gress to order "a complete and "HelpS
orderly liquidation within five
years" of the government's hold- Reser
ings of surplus farm stocks.
Some legislators said they were rTik
disappointd in what the President nck
had to say about the farm prob-
lem, which promises to become Student
one of the hottest issues in the vations m
election-year session of Congress. from 1 to
Sen. James Murray (D-Mont) ministrati
commented "It is disappointing General
and alarming that after three place fro
years of deliberate depression of through F
farm prices, the administration is Tickets
not aware of the serious nature be purcha
of the crisis in agriculture." tion Bldg.
President Says'
No Tax'Cut 'Now
Sees Balanced Budget By Midyear,
Token Payment On National Debt
culture
-Daily-Esther Goudsmit
I UNIVERSITY SERVICE-Committee members Anne Woodard, '57, co-chairman, Janet
'58, Georgiana McLean of the Lane Hall staff and Maung Hlaing, '58, a student from Burma,
last night's mass meeting of house representatives in the Union ballroom.
JS Organizes February Draive
ERNON NAHRGANG
rs of the local World
y Service committee con-
ganization of their Feb-
Ld drive at a mass meet-
e Union ballroom yester-
entatives from housing
ceived brochures to dis-
watched a film, "Their
Our Future," telling of
of WUS in South Asia,
ed to talks of WUS and
es.
na McLean, a staff mem-
ane Hall and advisor to
, told of her experiences
tacts she made while
in Europe for WUS in
ars.
nts Out Hardships
IcLean pointed out some
tdships students in other
had to face because of
verty.
Neary, '58, chairman of
Government Council's
and International Affairs
e under which WUS op-
xplained the part which
nittee plays in the work-
VUS.
s more here than just
oney," Miss Neary, said,
the international good-
arises in WUS's work.
Voodard, '57, co-chairman
then explained to the
group representatives
rt in the coming fund
Students to help them-
ved J-Hop
yts On Sale
s who have J-Hop reser-
ay purchase dance tickets
5 p.m. today at the Ad-
on Bldg.
ticket sales will take
m 1 to 5 p.m. Monday
Friday next week.
for the ski trip may also
sed at the Administra-
during these times.
selves" is the slogan which WUS
operates under. The international
group, not a charity organization,
provides aid to students who are
able to only partially support
themselves.
At present, most of the aid is
directed to southeast Asia and to
Africa.
During the last two weeks, the
local committee mailed letters to
presidents of .,campus housing
groups, explaining the work of
WUS and inviting them to send
representatives to last night'sI
meeting,{
WUS Objects Explained j
As the letters explained, "Ex-
change of mutual assistance and
understanding is one of the pri-
mary objects of WUS in the 38
countries in which it is active.
"It is more than just a minia-
ture Marshall Plan because all the
38 countries contribute; some fi-
Boston Pops
'To Perform
On Sunday
Arthur Fiedler and the Boston
Pops Orchestra will appear in the
Extra Concert Series at 8:30 p.m.
Sunday in Hill Auditorium.
Through arrangements with the
Boston Symphony Orchestra, Fied-
ler is conducting the orchestra in
cities throughout the country,
from Boston to the West Coast,
during the 1955-1956 season..
Composed of over, 70 men, the
Pops will feature the same pro-
gram for its Ann Arbor audience
that has given the Orchestra its
fame. Popular classics, marches,
Broadway tunes, and overtures
mix to make the program a ver-
satile one.
Founded in 1885, the Pops fol-
lows the regular winter season of
the Boston Symphony Orchestra.
When spring time arrives, the
Orchestra's concert hall is re-dec-
orated, seats are removed and in
their place are put tables and
chairs.
For two months, Fiedler leads
the Orchestra six nights a week
in popular 'classics and the type
of music the Pops is known for,
while audiences eat and drink as
they listen to the music.
Some people say the name,
"Pops" grew from the popping of
champagne corks which inter-,
spersed the music as Bostonians
listened to the concerts seated at,
tables. Others dispute this saying
it is an abbreviation of the word
"Popular".
nancially, some with physical labor
to carry out WUS projects..
such as building hostels and class-
rooms ' or mimeographing text'
books."
WUS members meet at Lane'
Hall every Thursday night. Any
interested students are welcome atj
these meetings. WUS also works'
in conjunction with the United
Nations Educational, Scientific,
and Cultural Organization.
WORLD'
NEWS
ROUNDUP
By The Associated Press
Red Student.. .
WASHINGTON-A Chinese stu-
dent, alleged by Red China to be
held against his will in a Missouri
mental hospital, is to be deported
to his homeland Sunday.
The Immigration Service made
the announcement yesterday. It
said that after considerable de-
lay, the British have come through
with a transit visa which will en-
able the student, 36-year-old Liu
Yung-Ming, to passthrough Hong
Kong, described as the only avail-
able gateway for delivering Liu to
Red China.
Mackinac Bridge...
NEW YORK-Builders of Michi-
gan's $100,000,000 Mackinac Bridge
said yesterday it will be opened
to traffic in November 1957, as
originally scheduled, despite cold
weather that has hampered con-
struction.
They said the target date will
be achieved by acceleration of pre-
vious work schedules.
The five-mile-long bridge will
link Michigan's Upper and Lower
Peninsulas via St. Ignace and
Mackinaw City.
Westinghouse Strike..,
PITTSBURGH - Westinghouse
Electric ' Corp. yesterday turned
thumbs down on a Federal Media-
tion Service proposal for a three-
man fact-finding board to seek a
basis for settling a 12-week-old
strike.
Instead, Robert D. Blasier, West-
inghouse vice-president in charge
of. industrial relations, suggested
the federal agency conduct a se-
cret ballot among the striking
workers to see if they want to
continue the walkout.
Ssn'sSon.* * *
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON (R)--President Dwight D. Eisenhower laid befori
Congress yesterday a massive "program for the Republic" that con-
templates a balanced budget, a token payment on the nationa
debt, but no tax cuts now.
In language paralleling that of some leaders of both parties in
Congress, the President spoke against lowering taxes at the expense
of "fiscal integrity" and a balanced budget; against "going furthei
into debt to give ourselves a tax cut at the expense of our children.'
Expects Balanced Budget By Midyear
He forecast that government income will match outgo by midyear
and said he would propose a continued balance for the year following
Many Republicans and some Dem-'
ocra.ts applauded that, but the re-
action to the message in general
was the usual melange of plauditsin gat10R
and digs, keyed pretty mnuch to
party allegiances in this election-
year Congress.
The Presidential report encom-
passed recommendations - some
new, some old, most of them ad- Ruled.Illegal
vertised in advance - for a
stepped-up, "many-sided attack" BOSTON A') - A federal Judge
on the farm problem, for highway,'ruled yesterday that Sen. Josepi
school, housing, health and dis- R. McCarthy (R-Wis) acted out-
aster relief programs. side the urisdiction' of his corn
It Urges Immigration Bills inmittee two years ago n aone.
Iurged immigration legislation, man probe of subversion in. de-
aid for chronically depressed com-em an ts.n
munities, labor law changes, an fense plants.
atom - powered commercial ship, In handing down his length3
water and power projects, equal opinion, Judge Bailey Aldrich ac-
pay for equal work for women and quitted Leon J. Kamin, 28, former
an investigation to determine research assistant at Harvard, of
whether Negroes are being depriv- charges of contempt of Congress
eo of their right to vote and are Aldrich said the Senate Com.
being "subjected to unwarranted mittee on Government Operations
economic pressures." -of which the Senate Permaneni
President Eisenhower loo k e d Investigations subcommittee is a
back approvingly over what he part--had no powers to investi-
termed a three-year "record of gate the general subject of corn.
progress" by his Administration to- munism; that government opera.
ward building "an ever-better, ever tion meant the operation of gov-
stronger America." ernment departments, not private
The 8,500-word document was operation of private industry, ever
plunked down in the Senate and though under government con-
House and read to the legislators tract.
while he continued recuperating Kamin, now connected witlh
from his September heart attack Queens University, Kingston, Ont.
at Key West, Fla. refused to answer Sen. McCarthy
Second Term Still Puzzle as to whether he knew any Com-
Nowhere in it was there a defi- munists in defense plants.
nite clue as to how long President Kamin had admitted being a
Eisenhower proposes to stay around member of the Communist party
to give stewardship to his program at times between 1945 and 1950.
--the biggest political puzzle of a
politically minded Congress. Evidence had been introduced
But in tone and content it was that Kamin worked in Harvard's
r
L.^
For the condensed text of
President Eisenhower's State of
the Union message see page 5.
much like the message a year ago
which a number of Democrats, at
least, interpreted as something of
an announcement for a second
term try.
Senate Democratic Leader Lyn-
don Johnson of Texas expressed
"deep disappointment and great
regret" at what he termed "politi-
cal overtones" in the message.
Domestic Situation Not Rosy
a "Most Americans know that the
domestic situation is not as rosy
as it has been pictured and that
the international situation is one
of deep concern," he added.
"It is obvious that this Admin-
istration has become frantic about
the farm situation. The deep con-
cern--which somehow did not find
expression until an election year-
is welcome even though it is tar-
One of the few Republicans step-
ping up with criticism, Sen. Wil-
liam Jenner of Indiana, accused
the Administration of "continuing
appeasement of Communism."
While he endorsed most of the
message, he declared, "I cannot in
the least share the optimism ex-
pressed by the President in the
field of foreign affairs." He said
he regretted deeply that President
Eisenhower "has not warned us
more clearly of the tremendous
strides that the Soviets have
project at Beavertail Point, James-
town, R, I., on radar equipment.
And a Harvard official had testi-
fied Kamin did not have "author-
ized access" to classified material
or contracts.
"It seems to me," Judge Ald-
rich's opinion said, "that, as a
pure matter of language private
operation of private industry is
not 'activity performed by the gov-
ernment' on an operational level,
and that the general economy and
efficiency of such private opera-
tion is beyond the scope of th
committee. I cannot believe that
Congress intended otherwise."
Air Force To
Use Willow
Run Facilities
Air Force officials have notified
the University that Air Force
planes will occupy Packard Hang-
ar at Willow Run Airport in the
near future.
This is the latest move on recent
proposals that commercial airline
operations be moved from Willow
Run to Wayne-Major Airport, and
that Willow Run be turned over to
military use.
Although the airport is Univer-
sity property, the federal govern-
ment has owned Packard Hangar
and the immediate land around it
since a motor car company gave
it up several years ago.
GRACE KELLY TO WED MONARCH:
Monacans Breathe Sigh of Relief
MONTE CARLO, Monaco (A') -
All Monaco heaved a sigh of relief
yesterday.
Their monarch, Prince Ranier
III, is going to marry American
actress Grace Kelly-and maybe
have a family.
It's a serious matter for Mon-
acans. Unless the Prince has an
heir, the 370-acre principality will
come eventually under French rule
-which means French taxes and
military service.
The statuesque blonde actress,
was here for the Cannes Film Fes-
tival last spring and to make the
movie "To Catch a Thief."
Newsmen Arrange Visit
She met the handsome Prince
when newspapermen arranged to
get her to visit the palace to have
some photographs made. The
showed her his private zoo. His
subjects watched the proceedings
with hope.
Later, she was often seen on the
home-an event which sent hun- (
dreds of newsmen and photo-
graphers, film cameramen and
television technicians to the scene.
Both Miss Kelly, 26, and the
Prince, 32, head of the tiny Euro-
pean principality and considered
one of the most eligible bachelors
in the world, were in high spirits,
indeed.
Wedding Date Not Set
Miss Kelly said the actual wed-
ding date has not been set, nor
I