SL'S DECISION
See Page 4
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Latest Deadline in the State
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MORE SNOW
VOL. LXII, No. 73
ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 19, 1951
SIX PAGES
.. I I
SIX PAGES
RELIGION SURVEY:
I
Unitarians Have
Liberal Religion
I
By ROBERT VAUGHN
Daily Associate Editor
(EDITOR'S NOTE: The following article, dealing with the Uni-
tarian Church and its beliefs, is based upon information and state-
ments given by The Rev. Edward H. Redman, minister of the
First Unitarian Church. It is primarily intended to point up the
areas of belief and practice in which Unitarianism differs from
other denominiations of the Christian faith.)
Unitarianism is a religion of freedom, freedom which permeates
the national organization of the sect, freedom which leaves the form-
ulation of creeds to the individual church member.
A Unitarian church is democratic, self-governed, free from inter-
ference by a hierarchy. Its membership is open to all who share its
purposes and is achieved not by ritual, but by signing its covenant.
The Unitarian is free to undertake, as an individual, the formula-
tion of his own convictions as to ultimate realities. He is free to con-
struct his own concept of God.
* * * *
THIS QUESTION of religious belief is of fundamental importance
to the Unitarian church. Although the final determination of the
concept of a superior being lies with he individual, the church accepts
science as the only means of acquiring verifiable, useful religious know-
ledge. Other propositions concerning the nature of reality are of
human origin and must be considered in the nature of poetry.
Unitarianism then, seeks truth no matter what its source. It
insists'upon a dynamic, and not a static concept of religion-a
religion that accepts the mood and the method of science.
Being without a creed Unitarianism is free to become enriched by
the developing concepts of science and philosophy. Thus a Unitarian,
for example, knowing that a. statement of feelings cannot be proved
or disproved, may ask himself, "On the basis of my observations of
reality can I infer there is a God, and if so what is the nature of this
superior being?"
Because of this individual determination of the concept of God it
might seem that there would be very little that Unitarians might
agree about.
* * * *
BUT THERE is actually much agreement in many areas among
Unitarians. No religion could survive for more than 400 years if
it were otherwise.
These are 'but a few of the beliefs Unitarians have in common.
Emphasis must fall upon life, not death. America is an ideal as well
as a land, and the American ideal is still a long way from fulfillment.
Unitarianism cannot rest in authoritarianism or in special privilege,
for any sect or race.
The greatest area of non-agreement probably lies, where it
most naturally should, in the individual conceptions of God. In
order to discover what the Unitarian belief concerning God was,
a survey was made in 1937 for that express purpose.
It was found that approximately one-half of the Unitarians held
some sort of belief in God. But these opinions ranged from a concept
of there being a Personal God to a concept which recognized God only
as an explanation, for various life forces.
THE OTHER HALF of the Unitarians polled felt that the term
God was not necessary to their relgious thinking although it might
be used to refer to important values such as good, truth, and beauty
in their ideal perfection.
Whereas the majority of Christian sects speak of God creating
man in his own image the Unitarian would speak of men creating
God or Gods in their own image. Unitarians contend that, in the
light of historical fact, the idea of fGod changes with man's growth,
with the development of knowledge of the universe.
In effect this means that there can be no religious truth which
is in contradiction to scientific truth. If there is such a contradiction,
the Unitarian says, science should be prefered because the totality
of knowledge, including religious knowledge, is limited to man's present
state of competence.
Therefore, in the light of truth as present in historical fact, Uni-
tarians look upon the founder of Christianity not as a supernatural
being put as a pre-eminently noble and inspired religious leader. It is
the religion of Jesus, they say, not attitudes toward him, that will
save men when they face the bar of their own conscious.
* * * *
AND JUST AS Unitarianism differs from other religions with re-
gard to the concepts of God, man and the nature of Christ it differs
See RELIGIOUS, Page 4
NO TIME-WASTER:
Officials Try
'Last Chance
Steel Confab
Seek To Prevent
New Year Strike
WASHINGTON-(P)-The gov-
ernment yesterday called a medi-
ation meeting in a last-ditch ef-
fort to head off a New Year's day
steel strike, but Price Administra-
tor Michael V. DiSalle warned
there will be no "unjustified price
increase" to buy peace.
The CIO Steelworkers Union is
demanding 15 cents an hour and
other benefits. The companies say
they can't raise pay without price
compensation.
* * *
MANAGEMENT AND UNION
spokesmen were called to come to
Washington tomorrow. The call
was sent out by Cyrus S. Ching,
chief of the Mediation and Con-
ciliation Service, as direct bargain-
ing in Pittsburgh approached a
stalemate.
A few hours later the price
pronouncement was made by Di
Salle, who had met with steel
mill representatives to talk over
possible increases under the
Capehart amendment to the
Economic Controls Law.
The amendment provides for
ceilings reflecting all changes in
costs up to July 26, but not changes
since that time. Hence it would not
cover the cost of a pay raise now
for the steelworkers.
REPORTERS seeing elaboration
of Di Salle's statement as to an
"unjustified" price increase, asked
him if there was any way aside
from the Capehart amendment for
a steel price rise to be allowed un-
der the present law.
"I don't know of any," he re-
plied.
Meanwhile in Pittsburgh ne-
gotiations between the union and
U.S. Steel, giant of the industry,
ground through another day
with no sign of progress and noI
more sessions in sight until the
Washington talks begin. Today
was set aside for travel here.
"The corporation has made no
economic offers," U.S. Steel's vice-
president John A. Stephens said
after the bargaining was shut
down.
He said the company has receiv-
ed Ching's request and "We'll be
there Thursday.
Congress Hit
By Meader
"Our woefully weak Congress is
taking responsibility for many de-
cisions it has never fully consid-
ered," Rep. George Meader claimed
last night.
Speaking before the Young Re-
publicans club, the GOP represen-
tative from the Ann Arbor district
charged that many policies "orig-
inate somewhere in executive com-
mittees and bureaus, and are given
only superficial consideration by
Congressional committees."
"CONGRESS isn't aware of the
need for knowing'details of the
matters for which it takes respon-
sibility," Meader continued.
To correct this, Congress must
employ "reliable people" to in-
vestigate bills and give accur-
ate reports to the committees,
Meader said.
"Under t h e present system,
many investigators are borrowed
from the executive department.
Naturally their loyalty is to their
own departments rather than to
the commtitees," he commented.
Meader put some of the blame
on "press ballyhoo campaigns put-
ting pressure on the legislature to
pass rapidly on policies originated
by the executive branch."
Boulding Talks
On Civil Rights
"The price of liberty is the will-
ingness to pay for it," Prof. Ken-
neth E. Boulding of the economics
department said at last night's
Civil Liberties Committee meeting.
Giving the group its official
sendoff, Prof. Boulding, the club
faculty adviser, posed the ques-
tion, "Are we in favor of civil
Traffic Situation
-Daily,-Jeff Pemberton
DEJECTED AUTO--The snow-bound vehicle above is one of the
hundreds which uselessly lined Ann Arbor streets yesterday. Those
motorists who did venture out found progress nearly impossible,
as cars struggling to get out of snow drifts clogged many roads.
Gradhig System Rpe
At Literary Conference
By JERRY HELMAN
"The present grading and ex-
amination system at this Univer-
sity does not fulfill its avowed pur-
pose of being a valid educational
device." .
This charge, made by a politi-
cal science major, expressed the
general concensus of students'
opinion present at last night's lit-
erary college conference which ex-
amined the grading and examina-
tion system at the University.
* * *
AS A RESULT of the letter'
grading system, many evils have
arisen, students maintained.
World News
Roundup
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON-President Tru-
man swung into his long-heralded
cleanup campaign last night by
laying down this rule for federal
employes: no gifts from people
doing business with the govern-
ment.
With Christmas just around the
corner, Mr. Truman said federal
employes should spurn favors, un-
usual loans, gifts or entertainment.
I **
WASHINGTON - John Cart-
er Vincent, veteran career diplo-
mat has been called in for the
first investigation of his record
to be made by the State Depart-
ment's Loyalty SecurityBoard.
A repeated target in the
charges by Senator McCarthy
(R-Wis.) of Communist influ-
ence in the State Department,
Vincent appeared personally be-
fore a panel of board members
at a closed-door hearing Mon-
day.
WASHINGTON-Senate inves-
tigators rapped the State Depart-
ment last night, saying it issued
passports last April to a group of
"notorious Communists" who trav-
eled to Russia on a propaganda
mission.
PARIS-W. Averell Harriman,
U.S. Aid Coordinator, announced
yesterday the 12 North Atlantic
Treaty Organization countries
have a "plan of action" that
blue prints the goals for 1952
in terms of men, money, weapons
and organization.
WASHINGTON-A House Com-
mittee investigating tax scandals
has decided to hold a special meet-
ing tomorrow to grill Henry (The
Dutchman) Grunewald, mystery
man of its probe into tax fraud
prosecutions.
'Generation' Sale
"b 0*X " o -
"There has been a definite over-
emphasis of the value of grades,'"
one noted.
At present, it was felt, grades
are being used as criterea for
getting jobs, and applying for
scholarships. Therefore, getting
a grade and not obtaining
knowledge has become "the
thing."
"This makes for an overly com-
petitive atmosphere and defeats
the purpose of this institution,"
one student charged.
FACULTY OPINION was repre-
sented mainly by Prof. Preston W.
Slosson of the history department,
who gave some of the background
of the letter-grade method, noting
that there are "two main motives
to the system."
"First of all, a grade is a pro-
fessor's estimate of the student's
quality of work, and then it is
supposed to provide an incentive
for the student," Prof. Slosson
said.
"Of course," he continued, "the
perfect grading system would be
a psychological chart of thestu-
dent's accomplishments, but this
would require ten times as many
faculty members as there are at
present."
THE QUESTION of examina-
tions occupied much of the meet-
ing's time. Prof. Slosson declared
that whether there . were any
grades at all, tests are necessary
as review devices and demonstrate
whether the student's thinking.
"But examinations, in order to
be valid, must be accompanied
by a 'post-mortem' during which
the professor can completely re-
view the test and analyze mis-
takes made," he pointed out.
Most of those present felt that
the essay type exam was superior
to the strictly objective test if
these purposes were to be accom-
plished.
SEVERAL proposals were for-
warded to correct the present sit-
uation, aside from doing away
See STUDENT, Page 6
Heavy Snow
Clogs Roads;
Expect More
New Fall of Six
Inches Recorded
By VIRGINIA VOSS
Temperatures falling to below
freezing last night chased away
yesterday's early seige of snowfalls
temporarily, but the Willow Run
Weather Bureau forecast rising
temperatures and more snow for
tonight.
Most of Ann Arbor was forced
to turn pedestrian yesterday as
hundreds of cars were stranded on
snow-clogged streets. And even
for pedestrians, "the going was
pretty tough," as one greeting-
card laden mailman expressed it.
* * *
BIGGEST WORRY to both va-
cation-bound students and over-
worked clearing and wrecking
crews was. "how much more is
coming." Weekend forecasts prom-
ised more snow.
Doubling their regular staff,
the local AAA yesterday hauled
almost 300 cars out of ever-
present drifts. The Ann Arbor
City Garage employed snow
plows and loaders to clear away
the worst of yesterday's six-inch
fall, the second heavy one in
four days.
Both the Michigan State and
Ann Arbor police departments,
however, reported only "routine
accidents." Cars parked or left in
the middle of the road posed the
biggest problem to Ann Arbor po-
lice. Most were ticketed.
* * ,.
ON CAMPUS, a Daily spot check
showed that 70 percent of the stu-
dents trudged to classes boot-less.
In 'spite of the blanketed side-
walks, most students felt that ga-
loshes were "too heavy to lug
around," "too hard to put on," or
"too easy to lose."
Compared to the rest of the
nation, though, Ann Arbor was
lucky. With the nation's storm
deaths soaring to 180, heavy
snows blanketed the midwest,
and ice storms glazed the north-
east.
Sault Ste. Marie suffered the
first early winter flood in ten
years as slush ice and debris dam-
aged home basements.
In New York, transportation
was severely messed up. Sleet and
torrential rain caused hundreds of
falls and scores of auto accidents
yesterday. Street and sidewalk in-
juries alone mounted to 342.
Reds Execute
'U.S. Agents'
LONDON -(A3)- The Moscow
radio reported today the execu-
tion of two men who, it said, plead-
ed guilty to cha'rges that they par-
achuted into Russia after train-
ing as American spies and sabo-
teurs.
The Russians have charged in
the United Nations that the Uni-
ted States is using a 100 million
dollar fund under the Mutual Se-
curity Act to finance treason in
the Soviet bloc. The United States
has denied the charge, but wel-
comed an airing of it as a chance
to point to Communist work in the
international field.
By the Moscow's radio's account:
The two men were A. I. Osman-
ov and F. Sarantsav. They con-
fessed they had been recruited by
The American Intelligence Service
in Western Germany.
They testified that, under in-
structions of American intelligence
officers, they had received special
training in "topography, use of
firearms and parachute jumping,
organizing sabotage, terror and es-
pionage activities."
Reds Reveal List
Of Allied POWs
Maj. Gen. Dean Among Those Held
In North Korea by Communists
By The Associated Press
Maj. Gen. William F. Dean; missing 17 months, and 11,558 other
names were listed by the Reds in a prisoner-of-war file turned over
to the Allies yesterday at Panmunjom.
Its release touched off a dramatic race to get the 3,198 names
of Americans listed across the Pacific to anxious relatives. A fog-
shrouded airport figured in an antagonizing delay.
But there was no indication presently that release of the list
would speed up efforts to reach an armistice in Korea by Dec. 27. The
Reds .Lose
Trial Vote
Before UNI
PARIS - (P) --The Soviet bloc
lost by an overwhelming vote late
yesterday the first test of strength
in the month-long wrangle over
conflicting East-West disarma-
ment plans.
The Russians, teamed with some
members of the Arab-Asian group
and others, then forced a delay
until today on a final. vote.
The size of yesterday's test vote
indicated the Western proposals
would be approved, although there
are signs that they will not be
given their usual thumping ma-
jority.
* * *
THE TALK - WEARY political
committee of the UN assembly
voted 39 to 6 against putting ahead
of all other proposals a Polish
resolution creating a 12-nation
disarmament commission without
giving it specific instructions for
its work. Burma voted with the
five members of the Russian bloc
while 13 countries abstained.
The vote on the adjournment
of the meeting until today was
25 in favor, 19 opposed and 13
abstaining. The United States,
Britain and France opposed ad-
journment; Burma, Ethiopia,
Syria, Lebanon, Iraq and the
Russian bloc were among coun-
tries favoring the move and
China, Canada and Thailand
were among those abstaining. All
votes were by a show of hands.
The West has usually won the
votes of around 50 of the 60 UN
members for their proposals on
control of atome energy and re-
duction and limitation of arma-
ments. But the debate this year
has shown that some of the Arab
and Asian countries will not side
with the West this time. They
may not, on the final vote, cast
their ballots with the Russians,
but drag down the Western ma-
jority by abstaining.
Soviet Foreign Minister Andrei
Vishinsky lashed at the Western
plan again yesterday as designed
to create an American monopoly
on atomic energy and lead na-
tions to commit suicide. He said
the Soviet Union is not ready to
commit suicide.
Test 'Flunkies'
Get 2nd Chance
LANSING-(A)-Men who failed
their draft mental tests will be cal-
led back for re-examinations start-
ing the first of the year.
State Selective Service Head-
quarters said that about 400 men
will be called for re-examination
in January. The calls will be con-
tinued each month until all men
who failed previous mental tests
are examined.,
list fell shockingly short of the
100,000 or more Allied personnel
unaccounted for and believed to
have fallen into Communist hands.
* * *
RED AND Allied truce teams
also still were at loggerheads over
numerous other details, such as
supervision 'of a truce. The sub-
committees discussing supervision
met again today in Panmunjom at
9 p.m. yesterday, Ann Arbor time.
For the second time in three
days no American soldier was kill-
ed across the Korean front in the
24 hours ending at 6 p.m. yester-
day (Korean time).
While the twilight war contin-
ued, Gen. Matthew B. Ridgway'
conf erred with his top miltary
and truce advisers on future stra-
tegy in case agreement is reached
on an armistice.
There was no immediate indi-
cation what decisions were made.
The Red list, given up only
after repeated prodding, was ex-
changed for one from the Allies
containing the names of 132,472
North Korean and Chinese prl-
soners.
The Red list of Allied prisor ers
was rushed .to Munsan for quick
study at the advance base camp
of the Allied truce team.
The list, as transmitted from
Tokyo, began arriving in the Uni-
ted States shortly after 7:30 p.m.
yesterday, Ann Arbor time.-
* * *
THE RED radio at Peiping lost
no time charging yesterday that
the Allied list of Red prisoners was naifcoy tsi nomto
unsatisfactory. It said information
was lacking which was needed for
identification and that the Allies
said it could not be forthcoming-
written in Korean and Chinee-
until after Dec. 25.
Dec. 27 is the deadline set for
any armistice based on a battle-
front as agreed upon Nov. 27.
The official list also confirmed
that Frank Noel, AP Pulitzer
Prize-winning photographer, was a
prisoner.
Churchill Rules
Out Joining
EuropeArmy
P-ARIS-'P)-Winston Churchill
pleaded last night that Britain will
support and work with a European
Army "in all the stages of its poli-
tical and military development"-
but will not join it.
The pronouncenent immediate-
ly posed the question whether
Churchill's moral support without
participation would be enoughto
restore the waning enthusiasm of
some European c6untries for the
one-uniform international army.
But the best sources said
Churchill's visit, in preparatio
for his talks with President Tru-
man in Washington next month,
may have results that will lead
to the actual merger of Euro-
pean forces, including German,
in Western defense.
Churchill's position was stated
in a joint British-French com-
munique after he had lunched
with Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower,
strong advocate of the European
Army idea, and had had two days
of talks between himself and For-
eign Secretary Anthony Eden on
the one side, and French Premier
Rene Pleven and Foreign Minister
Robert Schuman on the other.
Discussions with President Vincent
Atlantic Economic Planners, also
Aurial and W. Averill Harriman,
Chairman of the North Atlantic
Economic Planners, also were
sandwiched in.
College Ousts Student
For Dual-Enrollment
1
MEMPHIS, Tenn.-(A')--Life moved in slow motion yesterday
for Bob Starr, Arkansas' stripped-down dual-carburator, hot rod'
student.
He had time on his hands. Time to sit, time to sit, time to draw
a deep breath, time to thumb through a magazine.
It's driving him crazy.
STARR'S ENFORCED "LEISURE" came after he was gently
but firmly punted from Memphis State College-an amiable parting
fraught with amazement and a certain tenderness.
State's ouster order wasn't based on flunked courses or college
pranks. College authorities simply feared Starr was about to throw
a rod. He was, simultaneously:
,c
I
i
c
t
c
t
J
i
r
c
t
s
f
t
r
Enrolled in both Memphis State
and Southwestern, making top
grades in a tough course at each.
Sports editor on both college
annuals.
Columnist on both college news-
* papers.
Sunday night news editor for a
newspaper wire service.
Sports writer (high school
sports) for the Commercial Ap-
peal, a Memphis newspaper.
Prospective author of a naval,
based on psychological stress, ful-
ly outlined.
Husband and father of two small
BIAS CLAUSE DEBATE:
$L To Consider 4 Motions Tonight
was paying his way through Mem-
phis State.
STARR CLAIMS the schedule
wasn't much of a strain, especial-
ly as he had his wife, Norma, and
his motorcycle to help him. Norma
takes care of the kids. The motor-
cycle got him places on time.
Why did he do it? Starr, who
hails from Pine Bluff, Ark., has
a big thirst for knowledge. He
"gets nervous and unhappy" un-
less he's busy.
That extra time on his hands
By CRAWFORD YOUNG
A heated meeting is in prospect
for the Student Iegislature to-
night, as the bias clause issue
comes up for consideration.
The SL will meet at 7:30 p.m. in
the Anderson-Strauss d i n i n g
room, East Quad. At least four
motions on bias clauses will prob-
ably be brought to the floor-two
outlining alternative courses of
U'
calling for an October 15, 1957,
time limit for removal of dis-
criminatory clauses from consti-
tutional structures of fraterni-
ties and sororities.
The motion is substantially the
same as the one passed last year
by SL and the Student Affairs
Committee, then vetoed by former
University President Alexander G.
now having bias clauses. These
would be required to work
towards elimination of clauses
in the interim period, then de-
nied University recognition if
they failed to get rid of consti-
tutional barriers.
However, SAC could grant one-
year extensions to ' any group
which had a record of effort, and