PAGE + LFOU3W
THE MICHIGAN ODAILY
TUESDAY, OCTOBER 10, 1950
U U
Movies & Discrimination
T E RECENT SHOWING of the movie
"Steamboat 'Round the Bend" posed a
problem as to the justification of its revival
and- the critical reception that the film
deserved.
Produced some twenty yeargs ago, the
movie brought back to the screen the
common misuse of the Negro in motion
pictures. It laughed at the Negro stereo-
type and calmly accepted several realistic
conditions of the race line of the South.
The reason for the revival was to bring
back the famous home-spun humorist,
Will Rogers, an individual to whom the
film did absolutely no justice either in
plot or comedy.
Today the motion picture industry has
deemphasized the stereotype and in his place
has presented a series of dramatic anti-
discrimination films -- "Lost Boundaries,"
"Home of the Brave," "Pinky," and the
latest addition to the list, "No Way Out."
Each of these films served as a positive
step in presenting the problem of the Negro
in a white society. Yet, they failed to drive
home their message. As the old films such
as "Steamboat 'Round the Bend" were all
one sided so are these present day produc-
tions, but in the opposite direction.
"No Way Out," wiheh was temporarily
banned in Chicago, comes close to being
great. Instead, it slips into speech making,
the portrayalof all racists as degenerates,
of all Negroes.as self-righteous. The pic-
ture contains dramatic sequences that in
our marginal society are unforgettable.
yet in the movie the entire impetus of
ant-Negro feeling comes from a psychotic
crilinaf who uses the term "nigger" over
od over again until you fail to hear it,
and the word no longer evokes a response.
The' musical-drama "The Barrier" which
layed in Ann Arbor last spring failed for
ha NOmxt reason. There were no shades of
gray in, the characters. They were either
whiteend rotten or Negro and good.
The end result is that regardless of their
M4istic intentions, the films and the play
"Vitorials published' in The Michigan Daily
*re written by members of The Daily staff
sndrepresent the views of the writers only.
&GHT EDITOR: CHUCK ELLIOTT
dissolve into obvious, poor propaganda and
as such are rejected.
For movies to leave the race question
alone, to ignore it, to say it doesn't exist,
is naive. If there is one thing our country
East and West, North and South--has
in common it is discrimination against
the Negro.
In the South the discrimination is pur-
sued on a viscious wholesale basis with one
maxim, the Negro is not a human being.
It is difficult to make someone who has not
been south visualize the actual conditions
under which white supremacy rules, con-
ditions that have over the years taken from
the southern Negro his self respect and his
initiative.
Discrimination in the North takes lesser,.
milder paths such as the refusal of Ann
Arbor barbers to cut a Negro's hair and
restrictive swimming at Whitmore Lake.
In combatting white supremacism most
reformers forget one essential fact-that the
majority of these people who speak and
act so vehemently against the Negro are not
the scum or the criminals of society. Nor are
they ignorant. They come from all socio-
economic classes and from all religions.
They have desires and ambitions that are
perfectly normal. But they dislike the Negro,
even hate him, invariably fear him..
Their attitude stems from their environ-
ment which they in turn will pass on to
their children and perpetuate - unless a
change in social conditions and thinking
occurs.
This change can be helped to be brought
about through the educational use of movies,
one of the most extensive mediums we
possess.
When the Negro, however, is stereo-
typed as in "Steamboat 'Round the Bend"
or in innumerable cartoons, the effect is
negative. Though a picture like "No
Way Out" is a positive factor it misses
the gist of the problem by not realizing
that the person who discriminates is not
the outcast in society but rather the man
next door, your very good neighbor and
the city's leading citizen.
The answer for the movie industry lies
in a more realistic approach to the prob-
lems of discrimination. By making people
complex rather than extreme, by giving
its message through actions not speeches, it
can produce films that will convince the
public of the drastic need for reform.
-Leonard Greenbaum.
THOMAS L. STOKES:
Outspoken
President
WASHINGTON-However else Harry Tru-
man goes down in history, he probably
will hold some sort of record for salty and
blunt language. His private remarks and
person letters will form a much more inter-
esting and spicy collection than his office
papers.
He strikes out, too, on all sides, at all
sorts of characters, some in the "eminent"
class, some almost in the folklore category,
and at sainted institutions as, for example,
the U.S. Marines.
Some who resented very much his desig-
nation of Jimmy Byrnes of South Carolina
as "a miserable failure"-as reported by
Jonathan Daniels in "The Man of Indepen-
dence" and not denied by the President-
will, on the other hand, be very pleased and
chortle merrily over Mr. Truman's remark
in another of his letters that has just come
to light. In this one he wrote he would not
appoint John L. Lewis "Dog-Catcher" which,
if not very original, yet makes its point
clearly.
* *
MANY PEOPLE have suggested privately,
as did the writer of the letter to the
President which brought this retort, that
John Lewis would make a good ambassador
to Russia, just the sort of a fellow who
could talk up to Joe Stalin. They now have
an answer as far as Harry Truman is con-
cerned. He has had his run-ins with John
L. and came off pretty well-much better,
to hear Republicans tell it, than he has with
the man he once called "good old Joe."
The Lewis letter, if offered on the auc-
tion block for some charity, probably
would bring from some highly placed
gentleman in our big industrial fraternity
who has no reason to like John L. a
much handsomer sum than the $2,500
which President Truman's letter about
the Marines fetched. Anyone of a dozen
or so might like to have that letter framed
and hanging prominently in his office.
In its tone of belittlement, the Lewis let-
ter, though not near so original or expres-
sive, recalls the remark President Theodore
Roosevelt once made about a Supreme Court
Justice-"An old fuddy-duddy with sweet-
bread brains." Harry Truman perhaps comes
the closest in his use of stout language to
Teddy Roosevelt than does any other chief
executive in our century.
* * *
OF ALL OUR Presidents, Mr. Truman
more nearly approaches Andrew Jackson
in the use of plain and bald expressions,
both about men and issues, as he does also
in some other ways. Although he has not
yet rivaled 'the remark accredited to Old
Hickory on his deathbed that he was sorry
he hadn't shot Henry Clay and hanged John
C. Calhoun. That is, as far as has become
public in Mr. Truman's case.
There may be a letter as strong some-
where. For the John L. Lewis letter, writ-
ten to Neal Bishop of Denver, a Colorado
state senator and a Democrat, was dated
May 5, 1949, and much time has passed
since them-and before, as Mr. Truman
has been President now over five years.
There's some speculation around here as
to what other letter about what other
prominent figures still are "out," so to
speak. The President just dashes these
brusque notes off, himself, without benefit
of secretarial assistance, advice, or an
editor.
These missives naturally stir up a lot of
talk, and set off conjectures about their
possible political effect, to which no answer
will be attempted here other than to ob-
serve that the American people do not seem
to object a great deal to plain speaking,
even from their President.
* * *
HIS CAMPAIGN speaking is littered with
what the meticulous might call "corny"
phrases and "worn-out" cliches-such as
"special interests," "gluttons of privilege,"
"reactionaries," "standpatters," with "wall
street" thrown in. But Jonathan Daniels
advances a theory that this is effective on
the ground that the President uses terms
with which people have long been familiar
and they know exactly what Harry Truman
means. There may be something in that.
Occasionally he gives his ghost writers and
advisers the shivers when he does his own
variations, as, for instance, after the use of
"gluttons of privilege" in his printed text at
the mammoth Dexter, Iowa, farm meeting in
the 1948 campaign. Late that night, in a
back-platform appearance from his special
train, he leaped off to "blood-suckers of
privilege" in an off-the-cuff speech.
Harry Truman probably gets some of his
plain-speaking from his late mother, who
was pungent of expression and a strong
partisan politically, as is her son. In a
magazine article some time ago George
Allen; an associate of the present occupant
of the White House as of President Roose-
velt, told about the first time he met
President Truman's mother. The intro-
duction by the President was prefaced by
an explanation that the visitor, who is
from Mississippi, was 12 years old before
he saw a Republican.
"He didn't miss much," was the quick re-
tort from the little old lady, her eyes twinkl-
ing.
(Copyright 1950, by United Feature Syndicate, Inc.)
Looking Back
"Open Wide"
-w
X11 A
r
(f
--a- - - - ----- n- -No-s-"-- e ---
t'4 TO THE EDITOR
The Dally welcomes communications from its readers on matters of
generalinterest, and will publish all letters whichsare signedby the writer
and in good taste. Letters exceeding 300 words in length, defamatory or
libelous letters, and letters which for any reason are not in good taste will
be condensed edited or withheld from publication at the discretion of the
editors.
Communists for quite different
reasons. The Russians realize they
would lose any future war involv-
ing the atomic bomb, they have-
n't the stockpile we have or the
means of delivering the bomb in
quantity. By exploiting the Stock-
holm Peace Appeal, which brands
the first country to use atomic
weapons as the aggressor regard-
less of who instigated the war, the
Russians are attempting to draw
a distinction between warfare and
atomic warfare, the former style
they feel they have a better chance
at. They are trying to alienate the
people of the world and citizens of
the United States from supporting
an atomic war against Russia.
The Stockholm Peace Appeal,
has been signed by 100,000,000
Russians, people who are at the
present time supporting the North
Korea breach of the peace and
their slaughter of 25,000 South
Korean political opponents.
When will people realize that
the Russians are playing for keeps
and that to them foul is fair and
fair is foul?
Alfred B. Lang '52E
* * *
Freedom Crusade.
To the Editor:
LAST WEDNESDAY, the Stu-
dent Legislature endorsed the
Crusade for Freedom by a unani-
mous vote. On October 10 and 11,
Tuesday and Wednesday, we will
conduct a drive to obtain signa-
tures for the Crusade*forFreedom
petitions.
No one is demanding that every-
one must sign these petitions. No
one demanded that the SL endorse
the Crusade for Freedom. The SL
initiated the Crusade, and now,
after much consideration has en-
dorsed it. We feel that the Crus-
ade could have a tremendous im-
pact on the international situation.
We feel that the University of
Michigan students can play an im-
portant part in the international
picture. All we ask our fellow stu-
dents to do is to consider signing
the Crusade for Freedom petitions.
We hope you do!
a surgeon. The lesser breed uses a
cutlass!
-Arthur K. Buchbinder
* * *
Words, Words
To the Editor:
WOIDS, WOIDS AND more
woids," said the American-
Primitive Brooklinese, lets have a
common understanding; just what
WOID do youse chose?"
Sometimes, in these high intel-
lectual levels, on the upper-upper
strata of hoodlumism known as
"candidate", we get so damn en-
grossed in the infinite-animal dif-
ferences of an idea or an ideal
that we forget all about the main
issue. CRUSADE FOR PEACE or
the STOCKHOLM PEACE
SCROLL, what is the difference
as long as politicians and war pro-
fiteers keep their filthy signatures
off the list. While people are dy-
ing and suffering all over the
world the ivy-covered halls filled
with super-brain power, at best,
offer a self centered, and consid-
erably self conscious, intelligence
quotient sheet to the world, as a
solution.
C'mon boys - IT IS a one
world, forget the white collar, and
that blue blood. BE HUMANI-
TARIAN, less a republican, a com-
munist, a democrat, a good-for-
nothing but WOIDS!
- Ed Anthony
Reply to MacDougall...
To the Editor:
GORDON MacDougall's reason-
ing, as expressed in his letter
last Saturday supporting the
Stockholm Peace Appeal, is typi-
cal of one who is lost in the realm
of unrealistic idealism and stupid-
ity. We would like to remind Mac-
Dougall that a few weeks before
the invasion of South Korea, the
North Korean government backed
the Stockholm Peace Appeal and
the petition was endorsed by the
people. Three thousand American
nen were killed by this "peace
loving" Communist nation.
Mr. and Mrs. Porter M. Kier,
Grads.
We Said It First
1 4
Ai'
.
VeHINGTON-- Last week it was reveal-
ed that GOP congressman Walter Brehm
of Millersport, Ohio, had been taking salary
kickbacks from Mrs. Clara Soliday, a 70-
year-old lady who worked in his office from
J)to 1948.
During that time Mrs Soliday kept $200
a month for herself and paid the balance
of her government salary-around $300
a mojh-back to the congressman. This
Is ilegal.
NoW, additional and highly significant
Facts have come to light which may make
the congressman's violation of the law even
more serious.
The FBI, in investigating Mr. Brehm's
kickback arrangement, talked to Ray Soli-
day, son of Mrs. Soliday, who sometimes
carried the kickback money to the congress-
man. Because of the FBI investigation; con-
gressman Brehm went to young Soliday and
urged him to tell the FBI the same story
he (Brehm) had told the FBI-namely, that
he had paid the kickback money to the Re-
publican Campaign Committee in the 11th
congressional district of Ohio.
'Brehm also wanted Soliday to agree that
the money kicked back amounted to only
$1,200 during the three years his mother
worked for him. Soliday refused. Actually
the total amount kicked back In nearer
$10,000.
However, the amazing thing is the con-
gressman's explanation that the money was_
contributed to the Republican committee in
Ohio, because such a contribution is a viola-
tion of the corrupt practices act.
Money paid to a congressman for clerical
hire is paid by the taxpayers to help him
serve his constituents back home and oper-
ate his office efficiently. It is not paid him
for his personal use or to help out any cam-
paign fund or party treasury.
It will be interesting to see what, if any-,
thing, the Justice Department does with
this one.
TRUMAN'S CRITIC
Explanation which the White House inner
circle has put out regarding the President's
intemperate tirade against the Marine Corps
is that he thought the many he was writing
to-GOP congressman Gordon McDonough
of California-was an old artillery comrade
of World War I.
However, the President, even now, prob-
ably doesn't realize how badly he was mis-
taken.
This column, wanting to know in what
artillery unit congressman McDonough
served, telephoned the Congressman's of-
fice. In his congressional biography, Mc-
artillery unit in which the congressman him-
self served."
The secretary still ducked the question,
still wanted to talk about the congressman's
children.
Later in the day and after repeated calls
to the office of the Republican gentleman
from California, it became apparent why
his office was ducking. The congressman,
though raising cain with Truman and
though of the right military age in World
War I, simply did not serve. He was busy,
his office explained, working in a war plant.
ECONOMY VS. WOUNDED
Behind the announcement that three
army hospitals, closed last June 30, would
now be reopened, is an amazing story of
how the Defense department and its ousted
boss, Louis Johnson, "economized" on the
medical care of Korean war casualties.
The House Armed Services committee
has hushed it up, for fear of shocking the
public. However, here are some of the grim
facts:
While the Navy and Marine Corps medi-
cal program is in good shape, the army
has only 15,500 hospital beds in the United
States available for its Korean war wounded.
This is barely enough to take care of the
more critically wounded soldiers, or "spec-
ialty" cases-amputees and others who are
so badly shot up that they will never be
able to return to combat.
Meanwhile, General MacArthur has in-
formed the Defense Department that hos-
pital bed requirements (in the United
States) for wounded army evacuees of all
categories will reach 19,281 by October -
-almost 4,0'00 more than now available.
MacArthur has further estimated that
army casualties requiring hospitalization in
the United States may exceed 35,000 by De-
cember 1-or more than double the number
of beds available in U.S. army hospital at
the present time.
STUBBORN ECONOMIZER
This shortage wouldn't exist but for the
fact that ex-Secretary Johnson arbitarily
ordered the closing of three army hospitals
on June 30-five days after the Korean war
started.
The hospitals affected were Percy Jones
General of Battle Creek, Mich.; Murphy
General of Waltham, Mass.; and the Valley
Forge General at Phoenixville, Pa., the same
three now being reopened. A fourth, Oliver
General of Augusta, Ga., was technically
closed by Johnson, though turned over to
the Veterans Administration.
As late as August 1, when it was apparent
that the army's hospital beds would run be-
1mi ,..., mi~Vir0 ?'VV~c n~r v +0 tav Franki.
Christensen Back ...
To the Editor:
I AGREE w'ith Mr. Hoffmyer that
there is wiore to football than
the winning or losing of games.
That is why I voice my opinion of
the leadership of our winning
team. If insippropriate, my sin is
in saying publicly what many
others are saying privately. Last
night an old "M" man who doesn't
know my name whispered to me,
"You know, Bennie just hasn't got
the old zip."
The crux of the matter is that
if a team is unprepared mentally,
it can be charged against the
coach. If a team displays leader-
ship one year and not the next,
then one cam look beyond the
coach.
After the Minnesota game, the
Michigan rooters stood under the
press box and yelled "We Want
Devine." Peitaps they were more
thin-skinned than the players but
I doubt it. B. S. Brown has re-
ported the atmosphere of the
dressing-roam after the North-
western game. There is no indi-
cation that Oosterbaan had any-
thing to do with firing them up
for Minnescta in his account. I
hear that Ftennie stood bemused
between the halves of the State
game giving no encouragement to
the team.
With due acknowledgment to
Ortmann, Kceski, et al, I believe
that the Crisler trained men were
the difference in 1948. Ortmann
has been forced out of parts of 4
or 5 games before this year and
no great absolute reliance should
have been placed on his ability to
remain in the game.
It might shock Mr. Kyle to
know that Mfichigan lost 22 out of
32 football games in 1934-37 and
I saw quite a few of them in-
cluding successive 40-0 and 38-0
scores. Michigan tacklers then
were missing shots at opposing
runners in much the same man-
ner as they missed Jesse Thomas
on the punt return leading to
the late score.
- Ralph L. Christensen
* * *
New Enary..-
To the Editor:
B. S. BROWN's reply, to Ralph
Christensen in Wednesday's
Daily was very nice, and must
have been the proper etiquette for
a former contributor to the Daily's
sport page. But aside from these
questionable attributes I find
nothing of Value in the letter.
Mr. Brown uses Coach Ooster-
baan's won and lost record as a
main point in his defense of Ben-
nie's prowess as head football man
since 1948. To me, this record
shows something entirely differ-
ent. In 194; Oosterbaan of Michi-
gan was coach of the year, and
the Wolvearines were national
champions. All this happened after
losses by graduation, including our
All-Americam left half, and a bad
break in ait eligibility ruling on
Bump Elliot. Nevertheless, Michi-
gan football. fans had the pleasure
of watching their team use what
had nationally come to be known
as the "Dichigan system," and
that phrase became synonymous
with " a single wing and a full
spinning fullback." There wasn't
a single man remaining from the
magician backfield of '47, but
there was a Crisler trained spinner
by the name of Tom Peterson, and
with this nucleus we saw the same
brand of ball that we had seen
the year before. Oosterbaan was
very lucky that he had two Weber
trained Sophs that took over his
tailback and wingback spots, and
were able to work with Pete Elliott
and Peterson. In other words, the
'48 team was just about handed
down in a nice little package. Then
came '49 and we saw an entirely
different type of football. Why
Tommy Petersen sat on the bench
is an unanswered question, but a
hard and fast Soph took >ver the
position. It became apparent from
the first game that Dufek could
not spin, and Michigan football
fans stopped losing the ball after
it left the center's legs. Thus with
three starters from the '48 back-
field and plenty of line material
Oosterbaan could do nothing more
than have a team that had to play
over their heads to beat Minne-
sota. Now in '50 we still have great
potential, but a football team that
plays like they were in a nick-up
game, compared to the smooth
working elevens we had just a few
years back. Who's fault is that?
Of course spinners just don't
come along when you need them,
and it's possible that for the last
two years Bennie just couldn't find
one. But why then didn't he take
advantage of the material that he
had? There are few who will deny
that a "T" backfield of Ortmann
at quarter, Petersen and Koceski
at halves, and Dufek at full would
be a great combination. But we
would have to give up the Michi-
gan system some will say, but so
what, the little use it was put to
against State isn't worth having
it around.
Mr. Brown's only other plausible
argument is that our athletic di-
rector knows coaching and will see
to it that we have a full stadium.
But it isn't that easy to get rid of
a coach. Look at the trouble they
had doing it at the University of
Wisconsin.
Anyway let's hope that it doesn't
take that long here. We can't say
"Good Bye Bennie" for that would
be copying our Madison friends,
but I don't think "HELLO FRITZ"
sounds too bad.
-Richard Elconin
Freedom Crusade *. *
To the Editor:
AT THE last meeting of the SL,
the sponsorship of two current
petitions were discussed. It was
decided that the Student Legis-
lature would back and support the
Crusade for Freedom petition in
preference to the Stockholm Peace
Appeal. It was interesting to note
that this decision was only reach-
ed after a rather lengthy discus-
sion. To realize the significance of
the debate one must examine the
motivation between these two
separate attempts to restore peace
to this troubled world.
The Crusade for Freedom was
designed as a contra propaganda
measure, attempting to nullify
and detract attention from the
Stockholm Peace Appeal by giv-
ing the pacifists something to sign
that was of American origin and
more in line with American ideals.
The Stockholm petition, on the
other hand, was instigated by the
George Roumell
President of
* * *
Time & Space .,.
To the Editor:
I WOULD be grateful if one of
your readers could tell me if I
am suffering from a problem that
has already been solved.
My sense of reason is baffled by
the thought that time and space
can neither be finite nor infinite.
I wouldn't have too much trouble
accepting the idea that within a
puny universe of trillions of light
years, time and space. are relative,
interwoven, circular, or observable
from planes beyond my compre-
hension. When all is said and done,
doesn't thiscrelativityrequire a
setting, which it is difficult to ac-
cept as either infinite or finite.
Is my problem simply lack of
education? Does a comforting hy-
pothesis exist, or does science ad-
mit bafflement?
-John Thomas
* * *
Amendment ,
To the Editor:
IN RESPECT TO your coverage
of_ Thursday's meeting of the
Council of Arts, Sciences, and Pro-
fessions, I would like to point out
what I believe to be a rather im-
portant omission. I understand, of
course, the difficulties involved in
finding space for reports turned in
late in the evening. I am not cri-
ticizing. Still, I would like to in-
dicate to your readers the impli-
cations as well as the substance
of the missing datum.
The Michigan Anti-Subversive
amendment which the council will
try to help defeat states in part,
"Subversion is . . . a crime against
the state and punishable by any
penalty provided by law." This was
recorded in your columns. What
wasn't printed, however, was that
part of the amendment which
states that the rights of free
speech and press shall be denied to
all those charged with subversion.
The proposed amendment makes
no bones about it. Any person who
is charged with "subversion" by a
governmental board cannot avail
himself of the basic civil rights
granted him in the Constitution.
And what is more, when this
amendment appears on the ballot
on November seventh, it will not
be quoted verbatim - but, rather,
referred to by paragraph and
number. The people will only
know the meaning of the amend-
ment if they ferret out the min-
utes of the legislature which pro-
posed the statute.
It seems that our state congress-
men are more heavyhanded than
their big brothers in Washington
who helped produce the Mundt-
Ferguson-McCarran Act. The sen-
ior politicians could teach our
small-fry a few lessons in legal
double-talk. These gentlemen can
cut the heart out of the Constitu-
tion with the refinery and skill of
IN A HELPFUL, if not ovexly
modest mood, the Chicago Daily
News has rushed to clear up a
certain fuzziness in a recent News-
week advertisement. That ad said
that "someone" had labeled the
Korean fighting World War 11%.
"The someone," said the Chicago
Daily News, "was the Chicago
Daily News, and the label appeared
over an editorial on Sept. 1 . .
Students of the language often
spend a lot of time and effort try-
ing to run down the origin of
striking phrases. They needn't
lose any sleep over this one. In
this case the inventor is fully iden-
tified."
Now it's always pleasant to have
momentous things like this com-
pletely settled, and we'd feel down-
right grateful to the Daily News
if it weren't for one little thing.
The little thing is that Holmes
Alexander, columnist in The Star-
Times, called the war in Korea
World War II% in a column that
appeared July 3. That gives him
a clear two-month head start on
the Daily News.
-St. Louis Star-Times.
.
Jr.
SL
.1
Fifty-Ninth Year
Edited and managed by students of
the University of Michigan under the
authority of the Board-in Control of
Student Publications.
Editorial Staff
Jim Brown......... Managing Editor
Paul Brentlinger .......City Editor
Roma Lipsky....... Editorial Director
Dave Thomas ..... Feature Editor
Janet Watts... . .. Associate Editor
Nancy Bylan ........ Associate Editor
James Gregory.......Associate Editor
Bill Connolly.......Sports Editor
Bob Sandell .. Associate Sports Editor
Bill Brenton . Associate Sports Editor
Barbara Jans.........women's Editor
Pat Brownson Associate women's Editor
Business Staf
Bob Daniels ........ Business Manager
walter Shapero Assoc. Business Manager
Paul Schaible .... Advertising Manager
Bob Mersereau ...... Finance Manager
Carl Breitkreitz .. Circulation Manager
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BARNABY
There are a lot of old traditions about this
holiday I am about to originate. On Fairy
GodfIcthers Day Eve, gifts are left outside
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Anything you want to give. It's the
spirit of the thins, not the present
itself. A box of dlear Havanas, or an
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Why, you get the joy of giving!
You get a SPLENDID reward!