IT SO HAPPENS
Y
Latest Deadline in the State
Ar
471att
CLOUDY, WARMER
See Page 4
VOL. LX, No. 162
ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN WEDNESDAY, MAY 24, 1950
SIx P
Russia Accused
of Building erman rm
House Okays
Foreign Aid
Bill, 247-88
Measure Meets
Senate Challenge
WASHINGTON - (MP) - A bill
authorizing $3,120,550,000 in for-
eign economic aid was passed by
the House, 247 to 88, yesterday,
but ran into immediate difficul-
ties in the Senate.
The measure is designed to help
Western Europe and other areas
combat the spread of Commun-
ism.
WHEN THE BILL reached the
Senate floor, Sen. Taft (R-Ohio)
promptly challenged a section
dealing with President Truman's
"Point Four" program of aid to
undeveloped areas of the world.
The Ohio senator announced
'he would seek to have a Sen-
ate-House conference commit-
tee agreement on the bill re-
*ected.
Charman Connally (D-Tex) of
the Senate Foreign Relations
Committee denied there was any
intent to subsidize or guarantee
foreign investments, but at one
point he told the Senate:
"I have very little faith in the
point four program."
* * *
THE LEGISLATION authorizes
funds for a third year of the four-
year Marshall plan for European
recovery, along with other multi-
million-grants to South Korea,
non-Communist China, Palestine
refugees, children's aid and the
"Point Four" program.
A separate bill providing the
actual cash will be subject to later
votes in both chambers of Con-
gress.
'U' Students
Testify In
Bias Case
A research fellow in the chemi-
cal engineering department and a
graduate student testified yester-
day in the trial of Ben Sekaros,
charged with violating state anti-
discrimination statutes. Sekaros is
proprietor of a Huron Street tav-
ern.
Albert Chapman, complaining
witness, has charged that Sekaros
refused to serve Mrs. Laura
Thompson, a Negro, because of
her race.
CHAPMAN took the witness
stand yesterday and pointed out
that he and Mrs. Thompson left
the tavern after Sekaros said,
"You've had enough; you're not
getting served."
Both Chapman and Mrs.
Thompson denied, under oath,
that they had had any intoxi-
cating liquors that day.
Jacob Geist, research fellow,
testified that Mrs. Thompson and
Chapman were not intoxicated
shortly after Sekaros refused to
serve them.
JOHN SLOSS, Grad., stated
under oath that Mrs. Thompson
and Chapman were sober when he
was with them approximately half
an hour after they left the Huron
Street tavern.
The trial will resume at 9 a.m.
today in the Ann Arbor Munici-
pal Court.
John DeVine, assistant prose-
cutor, and Carl Stuhrberg, de-
fense attorney, agreed on an all-
male jury yesterday. There is one
Negro among the six men judging
Sekaros.
Americans To
Quit Formosa
GM, UAW
Approve
Five Year Contract
Agree On $100 Monthly Pension,
Provide For Annual Hourly Raise
DETROIT-(AP)-General Motors Corp. and the CIO United
Auto Workers agreed yesterday on a new five-year contract that
grants pensions and a four-cents-an-hour wage increase now and.
each year for the duration of the five-year agreement.
Pensions of $100 monthly, including Federal Social Security bene-
fits, are provided for 65-year-old workers with 25 years service.
* * *
THE NEW AGREEMENT provides for the following benefits:
A $100 pension including social security at 65 after 25 year's
service, and rising to $117 after 30 years if Congress passes present
amendments boosting social security. ,
Senate OKs
Portions of
Hoover Plan
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON - Three more
proposals by President Truman to
streamline the Government were
approved by the Senate yester-
day, permitting 16 of the Presi-
dent's 21 new reorganization plans
to become law at midnight last
night.
The three proposals that pass-
ed by a heavy majority were re-
organization of the Commerce De-
partment, shifting certain post-
office buildings to the General
S e r v i c e Administration, and
switching control of advanced
planning and war public works
to the Housing and Home Finance
Agency.
* * *
UNDER THE PROPOSALS, the
Maritime Commission is trans-
ferred to the Commerce Depart-
ment, Secretary of Commerce
Sawyer is given supreme authori-
ty over all the department's bu-
reaus, and the Labor Department
is strengthend by the addition of
two more agencies dealing with
wage problems.
The passage of the 16 pro-
posals was cheered last night
by Herbert Hoover who headed
the bipartisan commission that
drew up the reorganization
plans.
Four more plans sent Congress
this month by President Truman
will become law in July unless ve-
toed.
* * *
Hoover Plan
ApathyHit
Public apathy is allowing Con-
gress to bypass the recommenda-
tions of the Hoover Commission
on the reorganization of the Post
Office Department, Prof. C. Ferrel
Heady of the political science de-
partment said last night.
Prof. Heady spoke at a meeting
of the Citizens Committee for the
Hoover Report.
He urged members of the Com-
mittee to write Congressmen to
push for the passage of the pro-
posed reorganization acts. "The
main responsibility for the regular
deficit borne by the Post Office De-
partment rests, not with the De-
partment's executives, but with
Congress," Prof. Heady declared.
A cost-of- i v i n g-o ne- e n t
wage boost or cut for every rise
or fall of $1.14 in Bureau of La-
bor statistics index.
A four-cent hourly guaranteed
annual raise for each year of the
five-year contract, starting Mon-
day.
A modified union shop, requir-
ing new employes to join for at
least a year after 90 days but al-
lowing old non-union men to stay
out of the union.
* * *
WALTER. REUTHER,. UAW-
CIO president described the agree-
ment as "the most significant de-
velopment in labor relations since
the mass production industries
were organized." He quoted CIO
president Phil Murray as saying
it was "amazing - real progress."
Except for Federal benefits,
the pensions are entirely com-
pany financed. If Federal pay-
ments go up, pensions go up that
much.
A cost-of-living formula adopt-
ed two years ago by GM and the
UAW is still retained. Under it,
wages are tuned to the cost of liv-
ing index of Bureau of Labor
Statistics - except they can't be
cut more than three cents under
present levels. But they could go
up indefinitely.
There was no show of bitterness,
such as marked the end of a 100-
day UAW strike against Chrysler
Corp. May 4.
"If," Reuther said, "we had ac-
cepted Chrysler's original propo-
sals, we could never have reached
this agreement with General Mo-
tors."
T/' Graduate
OpensCourt
By The Associated Press
MIAMI-A Negro graduate of
the University of Michigan Law
School has opened up Florida's
first all-Negro court since recon-
struction days.
The attorney,52-year-old Judge
Lawson E. Thomas, was adminis-
tered his oath of office Monday.
In his first case as a magistrate,
Thomas fined John Rivers, anoth-
er Negro, for disturbing the peace.
Before entering the Michigan
Law School, Thomas worked his
way through Florida A & M Col-
lege at Tallahassee.
Thomas has been practicing law
in Miami since 1935, and was se-
lected unanimously for the mag-
istrate's job by the City Commis-
sion on April 19, 1950.
Miami's City Commissioner, Rob-
ert Floyd, who instigated the all-
Negro Court in August 1949, hailed
the move as "a sign of progress
and fair play that typifies Miami."
Only cases involving Negroes will
be tried in the court.
Arrest Fuchs
Associate For
Espionage
Named Contact
For Jailed Spy
By The Associated Press
PHILADELPHIA,-(P)-A 39-
year-old Philadelphia man was
arrested on espionage charges last
night, accused of "dealing" with
British spy Klaus Fuchs. The man,
Harry Gold, was held in $100,000
bail after a hearing.
Gold was arraigned before U.S.
District Judge James P. McGraney
in a whirlwind hearing called
shortly before 10 p.m. in the Fed-
eral Building in downtown Phila-
delphia.
McGraney set a further hearing
for June 12.
* * *
A FEW MOMENTS earlier, the
government had announced in
Washington that Gold was arrest-
ed on espionage charges which
were based on information sup-
plied by Fuchs.
Fuchs is the former top Bri-
tish atomic scientist serving 14
years for passing atom secrets
to Russia.
Gold has admitted contacts with
Fuchs and given a detailed ac-
count of his activities, the Justice
Department said in a joint an-
nouncement by McGrath and
FBI director J. Edgar Hoover.
* * *
IT SAID Fuchs turned over
atomic bomb secrets to Gold in
this country.
As a British Research worker,
Fuchs frequently visited the
United States during the war
and postwar period. As an offi-
cial British government visitor
he had access to important
atomic laboratory work at Los
Alamos, N.M., and elsewhere.
The FBI said it had learned
that Gold first met Fuchs in New
York's East Side early in 1944,
and that they had other subse-
quent contacts in Brooklyn, the
Bronx, Manhattan and Queens.
The formal complaint filed in
the case alleged that Gold, in
turn, gave atomic secrets to one
"John Doe," described as "a rep-
resentative, officer, agent and em-
ploye of a foreign government,
to wit, the Union of Soviet So-
cialist Republics." The agent was
not otherwise identified in the
formal complaint.
East German
Youth Warned
By Red Police
Police Force
Said To Be
Red Troops
Protest Sent By
Western Powers
WASHINGTON - (AP) - Th
Western powers accused Russi
yesterday of building a secret Gex
man army under the guise of
police force.
In separate notes to the Krem.
in, the United States, Britain an
France declared the so-called Eas
German police force is armed wit
military weapons and violate
every agreement made by the fot
powers against, the militarizatio
of Germany.
I
-Daily-Wally Barth
OPEN AIR CONCERT-Several hundred students, faculty members and townspeople took an early
evening pause last night in front of Angell Hall to listen to the Varsity Band's annual outdoor con-
cert. The spectators also'spread out over the lawn while the Band, led by Conductor Jack Lee,
presented a program ranging from symphonic music to American folk songs.
Czechs Ask
Reduction In
U.S. Offices
PRAGUE, CZECHOSLOVAKIA
-()-The Czechoslavak Foreign
Ministry last night demanded
that the United States reduce its
American diplomatic staff in this
country to 12 and its Czech em-
ployes to seven.
The demand followed the re-
cent two-thirds reduction of the
American diplomatic staff in re-
sponse to the April 28 request of
the Czechslovak government.
THE FOREIGN ministry note
said the "unjustified reprisal" of
the American government last
week in ordering a corresponding
two-thirds reduction in Czech
diplomatic personnel in the Unit-
ed States was a "crude violation
of usual inter-state relations."
Government officials in
Washington indicated the
United - States probably will
reply with a second round of
retaliation. State Department
records listed about 16 Czech
officials and an equal number of
clerical employes still in the
United States.
Originally the American diplo-
matic staff in Czechslovakia num-
bered 67, the State Department
said, but now numbers only 15 due
to various withdrawals demanded
by the Prague regime.
SAC Tables
IFC Proposal
A proposal to change the Stu-
dent Affairs Committee regula-
tion on fraternity eligibility was
tabled at last night's meeting of
the committee.
The proposed change put forth
by IFC alumni would have the
fraternity's grade average include
only the grades of actives living
in the fraternity house. The pre-
sent grade average requirement
of 2.4 would remain as is.
The motion was tabled pending
further testimony by members of
the Alumni Council and represen-
tatives of other groups that might
be affected.
NO MORE GRIPES:
Check Shows Michigras
Repayment Understood
A spot check of houses which
had booths in Michigras revealed
last night that the system of re-
imbursement of booth expenses
was generally understood by the
houses.
Monday Winchell house presi-
dent Deil Wright, '52, lodged a
formal complaint of the Michi-
gras booth reimbursement system
with co-chairman Bill Peterson,
State GOP
Heads Back
Budget Cut
By The Associated Press
Two State GOP leaders yester-
day defended the recent cuts in
the State budget, and attacked
Democratic leaders for attempt-
ing to hike the "economy budget."
In Ann Arbor, Secretary of
State Fred Alger, Jr., who is a
Republican gubernatorial candi-
date, urged "a tightening of our
belts on a state level."
SPEAKING at a "Alger for
Governor" meeting, he scored
William's budget request and pre-
scribed "work for the day when
we may control the Republican
Congress and elect a Republican
president.
In Sault Ste. Marie, Speaker
of the State House of Repre-
sentatives Victor Knox charged
that State Controller Robert
Steadman "wants to wreck the
economy budget set up by the
legislature."
The House Speaker declared
that if the Governor's budget re-
quest had been granted, "it
would have meant $20 additional
taxes for every man, woman, and
child in the State."
Meanwhile, Western Michigan
College in Kalamazoo yester,
day took action to avoid salary
and wage reductions as a result
of the legislature's adoption of an
"economy budget."
'50BAd, saying that he thought
the present reimbursement set-
up was faulty and would keep
houses from participating in fu-
ture Michigras. Wright said that
the reimbursement plan hadn't.
been made clear.
PETERSON said that nearly
every organization participating
in Michigras understood that the
system of reimbursement made it
necessary for them to keep down
their costs.
He said that the Michigras
central committee originally set
aside $1200, the cost of total
reimbursement to all booths in
the 1948 Michigras, as an ade-
quate reimbursement amount.
"Several booths engaged in free
spending, running the total costs
to nearly double the expense
budgeted. Since we fortunately
made a large profit, we felt justi-
fied in compromising at the $1800
figure, at which most of the
houses received full reimburse-
ment," he added.
OK European
Currency Plan
PARIS - (P) - A new European
Payments Union, made possible by
a British decision to pitch in fully
with other European countries in
breaking down currency barriers,
will go into effect July 1.
This was disclosed yesterday at
a meeting of the Organization for
European Economic Recovery. The
plan calls for Marshall Plan coun-
tries to pool their trade credits and
deficits in a central clearing house
to be called the European Pay-
ments Union.
The key part of the plan is that
with half of the world trading in
sterling, sterling is to be recognized
as an international currency.
While details of the scheme are
not fully worked out, a detailed
but still incomplete outline will be
submitted to ministers represent-
ing the Marshall Plan countries
at a meeting June 2.
THE WESTERN governments
then said it would be a good idea
'or the Russians to disband this
iast German force - althougt
)bviously none expect that to hap-
-en. The protests were mostly "for
the record" - another Western
)last at the East in the cold war
The American note said the
Russian conduct in this case is
simply; another action by which
the Soviets have "destroyed
world confidence" in their sin-
cerity and peaceful intentions.
The 50,000-man police force, the
United States told Russia, is armed
with machine guns, howitzers, an-
ti-aircraft cannon, mortars and
tanks. It receives basic infantry
artillery, and armored weapon,
training. It does not have ordinar3
police duties, the United State,
said.
* * *
THE AMERICAN note ther
pointed to the Yalta agreement
the Potsdam agreement, and othe:
pacts, all of which bar militar;
organizations in Germany. Russi
was a party to all those agree
ments. - -
. The British note, paralleling
the American, accused the Rus-
sian$ of promoting "the revival
of the militaristic and aggres-
sive system which the four oe-
cupying powers fought togethet
to destroy."
The French note was consider
ably more guarded in its language
It said the East German polic
have "in effect a definitely mill
tary character."
THE STATE Department alon,
with its protest released a sum
mary of what the American gov
ernmentdknows about the force
This said:
There is in the force a low
state of morale induced amang
other things by substandard per-
sonal freedom and by the lack
of purpose. Many members of
the force were "virtually coerced
into enlisting."
The government's summary C
the organization said that at som
future time it should be capabl
either of providing the core of. a
expanded German army or servin
as a militia to suppress interna
disorder and maintain Commu
nist-Soviet control.
I
BERLIN--(P)-East Germany's
blue-shirted Communist youth
got a warning from their own
police today to keep out of West-
ern Berlin on their Whitsuntide
demonstration march.
This put the final damper on
boasts from some Communists
quarters that half a million young
Reds-whose advance formations
already were massing here -
would storm all Berlin this week-
end.
S* * *
EASTERN Berlin police told'
them they would find trouble-as
Allied authorities and Western
Germany police already had said
-if they crossed the line.
The West went ahead with
preparations against any kind
of demonstration that might
break out Sunday during the
dawn-to-dusk parade.
West Berlin's 13,000 police will
have quantities of tear gas bombs
and special water-spouting trucks
on hand. They will be backed by
7,000 to 8,000 Allied troops with
guns.
* * *
THE WARNING to be orderly
and not stray out of bounds was
given to 50,000 youngsters already
rallied here. Among them were
90.000 childrren frnm six tn 14 who
World News
Fall Officers
To Be Elected
Today By SL
The Student Legislature wi
meet in its spring election sessie
at 7:30 p.m. today in the Unli
to select its officers for the fa
term.
For the first time in a year ar
a half, the SL presidency is bei:
sought by more than one cand
date.
Quent Nesbitt, '5OBAd, preset
SL president, and John Ryde
'50, 1949 fall term president, we
both unanimous choices for t
-pffice.
* * *
THIS SPRING, however, i
quite another story, with thi
men and a possible fourth hot
contesting the top SL post.
Hugh Greenberg, '51, Ed Rei
fel, '51, and George Roumel
'51 are the announced cand:
dates while Dave Belin, '51, x
I
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON-The United States promised military assistanVtM
to Iran yesterday, increasing to 13 the lineup of nations committed to
resist Communist expansion with American aid,
i The uneasy southern neighbor of Soviet Russia agreed belatedly
to terms by which arms and military equipment valued at an estimated
$10,000,000 will be provided in the next several months.
* * * *
WRITERS POORLY PAID:
Davies A ttacks Hollywood Myths
^
LIMA, Peru-- The list of
dead in the ancient earthquake-
shaken city of Cuzco rose to 56
yesterday, and officials feared
WASHINGTON-The House
approved yesterday a $930,000,-
000 military construction pro-
gram which provides, among
other things, for the building of
By JOEL McKIBLE
Screen writing is not the ex-
orbitantly high salaried profes-
sion most people belive it is, ac-
cording to Valentine Davies, '27,
president of the Screen Writer's
(.u irl
represents is technically a labor
union but is open to member-
ship on the part of everybody.
It is the collective bargaining
agent for 98 per cent of all mo-
tion picture screen writers and
has contracts with three major
duct was the finest in the world.
He added that in England the
need by exhibitors for American
movies has caused the govern-
ment to raise the percentage of
those alowed to be shown from
d(1 Pr a n K . r pnt
l
i