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VOL. LIX, No. 98 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, WEDNESDAY, FEB. 23, 1949
PRICE FIVE CENTS
Red Journal
Cites Bulgar
Spy Charge
Confessions Used
By Sofia Press
SOFIA, Bulgara - (IP) - The
Communist Party newspaper
quoted various Bulgarian Prot-
estant churches yesterday as de-
nouncing 15 Protestant church-
men accused of spying for the
United States and Britain.
The churchmen are scheduled
to go on trial here Friday. The
government has announced it has
confessions from some of the ac-
cused.
w * n
THE SOFIA PRESS has print-
ed detailed accounts ,of three of
the purported confessions.
Dr. Paul N. Garber, Meth-
odist bishop for central and
southern Europe, charged in
Geneva that one of the defen-
dant was tortured until he
confessed crimes of which he
was innocent.
IVANOV HAS been quoted in
Sofia as admitting he was a spy
and that Bishop Garber also was
involved in espionage.
Bishop Garber said he learned
Ivanov was offered freedom if
he would pledge loyalty to the
Communist regime in Bulgaria
and serve as a spy for the gov-
ernment.
The clergyman refused, and the
mistreatment of Ivanov and Mrs.
Ivanov resulted, Bishop Garber
said. He added one of Ivanov's sons
was sent to a labor camp and the
other has disappeared.
*' * *
THE BRITISH Foreign Office
in London announced Bulgaria
has agreed. to admit two British
legation staff members to the
churchmen's trial as observers.
Britain denied Monday that
her representatives in Bulgaria
have dealt with spies. Minister
of State Hector McNeil told
Parliament that the church-
men's arrest may be a viola-
tion of Bulgaria's peace treaty
pledges to respect human
tights.
"The Sofia Communist newspa-
per Rabotnichesko Delo pub-
lished a resolution attributed to
the council and board of the Hun-
garian Congregational church,"
which is headed by Vassil Ziapkov,
one of the occused.
Dawson Calls
Faith Answer
To Red Threat
Faith that our system and val-
ues will fulfill the needs of human
nature and faith in ourselves and
our institutions is the only long-
term solution to the threat of
Russian aggression, according to
Prof. John P. .Dawson, of the Law
School.
Prof. Dawson, who was former-
ly head of the foreign trade ad-
ministration of the Greek govern-
ment, spoke last night at the
Washtenaw County National Se-
curity Week dinner.
HE SAID THAT persecution of
the minority in the United States
who object to our way of life is
unnecessary and that "all but a
very small percentage of the peo-
ple would choose to fight against
tyranny."
Turning to the short-term as-
pect of maintaining security,
Prof. Dawson pointed out that
the "best guess" is that Russia
will not wage an aggressive war
before 1952 but that Marshall
Plan aid is now intended to help
"those who believe in our way
of life" because we will need
their support.
Surveying the overall effect of
the Marshall Plan, Prof. Dawson
explained that aid has had an
"encouraging effect."
* * *
CO UNCI L 1e BA TEg:
Fraternities Unite
AgainstZoning Bill
By JOhN DAVIES
Fraternities and sororities are mobilizing their forces to fight a
proposed city ordinance which would prohibit building new houses
or expanding old ones in the area bounded by Hill St. on the south
and Oxfbrd Rd. on the west.
IFC Chairman Bruce, Lockwood and Panhel President Mary
Stierer called on fraternity and sorority members to oppose the
measure at the Ann Arbor City Council meeting 7 p.m. tomorrow at
the city hall.
OF SMo, ib
OF SIX MEMBERS of the 15-man City Council contacted by
The Daily, two indicated they fa-
vored passage of such a measure,
two indicated no opinion and two
opposed the measure.
City Council President Cecil
4. Creal indicated that his
final opinion of the measure
would depend on the results of
a survey being taken by the
City Planning Commission to
determine the opinions of the
residents of the area on the
,question.
He said, however, that he cur-
rently favored some sort of zone
limited to one-family dwellings
(which would exclude new fra-
ternities) and thought a majority
of the Council would, too.
AN OPPOSITE VIEW was ex-
pressed by Councilman Robert L.
Nichols who felt that a fraternity
or sorority should be allowed to
build in any zone. "With increased
enrollment, the fraternities and
sororities have to expand, too," he
said, I
Councilman Gene D. Maybee,
who expressed no opinion on the
measure, said that he was wait-
ing for the City Ordinance Com-
mittee Report before deciding
how to vote.
Affiliated groups were not the
only ones to protest the passing of
such a measure. Hillel President
Howard Freeman echoed the cry
of the affiliated group leaders in
calling for all students to oppose
the measure Thursday. Founda-
tions such as Hillel would be af-
fected by the new proposal.
'U'Officials,
Lawmakers
DiseussBill
Six University officials yester-
day met in closed session with
members of the House' Ways and
Means Committee in Lansing to
discuss the proposed University
operating expenses budget.
Following the routine meeting,
neither the officials nor members
of the committee would comment
on the outcome of the what were
termed "preliminary" discussions.
OTHER MEETINGS with the
legislative committees will ordin-
arily follow.-
President Alexander G. Ruth-
ven, Vice-President Marvin L.
Niehuss, Regents Roscoe O.
Bonisteel and Alfred G. Con-
nable, Jr., and University con-
troller Wilbur K. Pierpont madej
the Lansing trip.
The University requested $12,-
500,000 for operating expenses,
which would include hiring of 73
new faculty members. In Gov.
Williams' budget report, he re-
commended that these expenses
be cut to $11,800,000.
Ex-Mariners
To Campaign
In Draft Fight
Campus Emergency Merchant
Marine Committee members last
night outlined detailed campaign
moves in their battle to sweep
seamen draft exemption measures
through Congress.
Called Michigan chapter of a
now countrywide organization, the
group put more definite touches
to a plan of action only hastily
sketched at their initial meeting
two weeks ago.
PROPOSED action calls for a
'Petition Day', to be held some-
time in early March. Contingents
of campus ex-mariners will man
booths on the Diag and the West
Engine Arch to distribute litera-
ture to passers-by.
Already, nearly 40 former
mariners now attending the
University have signed similar
petitions pledging their all-out
aid. "Others wll soon be mailed
to members of Congress," ac-
cording to Committee spokes-
man Mickey Feinberg, '51L.
4'* *
THOMAS LUEDERS, '51E, was
chosen to head the organization,
now officially titled "Merchant
Marine Veterans' Club." Other
officers elected were: Jack L.
Pietz, '49, secretary; and Harry
V. Norris, '51L, treasurer. The
slate will continue till next se-
mester.
The group is still awaiting
fina~l approval of its new con-
stitution before proceeding with
its* plans.
AIM To Plan,
'New Deal' at
Meieting Today
AIM's "new deal" for indepen-
dent men not living in residence
halls will become a reality tonight.
A meeting of all men interested
in participating in the first of six
such districts to be organized will
meet at 7:30 p.m. in Rm. 3C of
the Union. Activities of the new
organization will include athletics,
social events, or any others .de-
sired, James Kallman, district
manager, said.
The first district includes all
men living within the area bound-
ed by North University Ave., State,
Forest and Dewey Streets, and
also men living on either side of
the border streets.
Group Backs
Local Farm
Aid Agencies
Plan Would End
niXed Authority
WASHINGTON - (OP) - A reor-
ganized Agriculture Department
with a single office in each farm
county to handle the government's
multiple farmer-aid programs was
advocated by the Hoover Commis-
sion yesterday.
Such an agency, said the com-
mission, would end one of the ma-
jor criticisms of the department-
that the farmer must now deal
with many separate agencies
which "too frequently follow con-
flicting policies."
UNDER THE present setup,
many counties have separate de-
partment agencies dealing with
crop control, farm credit, price
supports, soil conservation, school
lunch activities, and forestry.
The Department's rapid
growth from 22,000 to 82,000
employes in the last 20 years,
the commission said, has result-
ed in some 20 different offices
reporting directly to the Sec-
retary and causing "unnecessary
diffusion" of authority.
"It is a loose confederation of
independent bureaus and agen-
cies," the commission said in a re-
port to Congress.j
1111 COMMISSION, a biparti-
san group on government reor-
ganization of the Department
could save taxpayers at least $80,-
000,000 a year as well as save
farmers a lot of confusion.
However, two members of the
12-man commission disagreed
with this estimate of possible
savings.
The dissenters, Dean Acheson,
now Secretary of State, and James
IH. Rowe, Jr., explained they did
not believe that the estimated sav-
ings had been "subjected to
enough scrutiny."
liner.Wa- kot
Seen Without
T"H Safegatrd
Coal Leader Warns
Senate Labor Group
WASHINGTON-(P)-A spokes-
man for mine owners told Con-
gress yesterday the country may
be confronted with another
crippling coal strike "unless the
safeguards of the Taft-Hartley
Law are continued."
The statement was made to the
Senate Labor La Committee by
Joseph E. Moody, president of the
Southern Coal Producers' Associa-
tion.
*s *a * r.
HE SAID THE T-H Law forced
John L. Lewis' United Mine Work-
ers to bargain collectively with
the association last year after
Lewis first refused to recognize
the operators' group.
Moody sounded -his warning
about a possible new strike af-
ter another coal industry offi-
cial, with a wary eye on Lewis,
urged the committee to keep the
Taft-Hartley Law provision au-I
thorizing 80-day injunctions
against critical strikes.#
James W. Haley, secretary andl
general counsel of the National
Coal Association, pointed up his
argument with figures showing 12
"major" strikes in the soft coal
mines since 1935.
MOODY TOLD the committee:
"We feel that unless the safe-
guards in the Taft-Hartley Law
which enabled us to reach a con-
tract in 1948 are continued, the,
country may again face a crisis
in coal." He added;
"Since the Taft-Hartley Act
has been in effect, there has
been but one strike and today
the country has the best supply
of coal on hand in over 10
,years."
"It would seem reasonable to
conclude that, far from having
the Taft-Hartley Act precipitate
this industry into confusion, it has
established for the first time inj
many years an orderly procedure1
to encourage and develop collec-
tive bargaining."
HALEY'S ADVOCACY of the
Taft-Hartley injunction provision
Staffers View New Engraver
I/
ELECTRIC ENGRAVER-Technician C. A. O'Brien (left) shows Daily photographer Alex Lman-
ian (center) and Daily City Editor Dick Maloy (right) details of a revolutionary new engraving
d vice at Mt. Clemens, Mich. One of the new devices will be installed at The Daily in mid-March,
enabling The Daily to bring its readers spot news photos.
-* * * *
Stress Urged
By Crawford
Engineers' Education
Needs 'Broadening'
Engineering colleges should
offer more liberal arts subjects to
their students than they now do,
Dean Ivan C. Crawford of the en-
gineering college said last night.
Speaking before a Sigma Rho
Tau smoker, Dean Crawford said
that this "broadening" of engi-
neering education is highly impor-
tant to the engineer looking
toward the increasingly-important
work of administration.
BUT THE WAY most colleges
have accomplished this broaden-
ing is negative, he told the group.
"As liberal arts in engineering.
exists now, all "cultural" subjects,
few as they are, are taught before
the technical courses, at a time
when the student is anxious only
to begin his engineering studies."
"The colleges should offer
such subjects during the last
syears of engineering training.
By that time, the student has a
broader view of his education
and is willing to take liberal arts
courses, Dean Crawford said.
"Engineers who have the ability'
to read works of literature and
pursue other cultural subjects for
pure enjoyment are well on the
way to completing their educa-
tion."
Jobless Vets
Oi1 Incerease
\WASHINGTON - UP) - Unem-
ployment among war veterans has
more than doubled in the past
1 dour months, the Veterans Admin-
istration said yesterday.
ISpokesmen for the agency'
pointed out, however, that much,
of the increase in joblessness is,
seasonal, since major construction
projects lay off workers during'
the winter.
As of January 31, the agency
said, 570,539 World War 11 vet-
rans were drawing "readjust-
ment allowances - unemployment
2hecks up to $20 a week each.
Paymentsduring the month to-
taled $37,921,000.
ON-THE-SPOT PIX :
Daily To Pioneer New
Photo Electric Engraver
Continuing its 59-year-old ca-
reer of pioneering in collegiate
journalism, The Michigan Daily
will shortly be able to offer its
readers spot news pictures.
Utilizing a revolutionary photo-
electric engraving device, The
Daily will be able to rush pictures
into print in a matter of minutes.
Currently Daily photos must be
Tritnecm Uses
Plain Talk it
Aide's Defense
WASHINGTON - (AP) - Presi-
dent Truman, using some plain
barracks language to defend a
criticized military aide, said last
night that no "S.O.B." was going
to prevail on him to discharge
anyone "by some smart aleck
statement over the air."
Later, however, when the offi-
cial transcript of the President's
remarks was issued at the White
House, reporters found that the
talk had been cleaned up to omit
the startling expression.
THE STENO GRAPHER, or
some one higher up, apparently
had decided the language had
been a bit strong.
The talk was given at a coun-
try blub banquet o. the Reserve
Officers Association and many
in the audience were old soldiers
like Mr. TrumIan.
The military aide whom the
President defended was Maj. Gen.
Harry H. Vaughan, who had been
criticized for accepting recently a
medal from President Peron of
Argentina.
DREW PEARSON, radio com-
mentator and columnist, stood
outside the Argentine Embassy on
the night the medal was present-
ed, and with pencil and paper in
hand, took down the names of
those who entered to attend the
fete.
Later Pearson launched a cam-
paign of criticism against Vaughan
on the air and in his column.
sent to Detroit for engraving and
reach readers 24 hours late.
THE NEW DEVICE will be in-
stalled at The Daily by the middle
of March. It is produced by the
Fairchild Camera Corp. which has
been working for years to perfect
the device.
Some 30 of the machines are
in use around the country at'
present. The Daily will be the
first college paper to install the
new photo-electric engraver.
When the engraver gets into
operation here The Daily will be
able to bring readers action sports
pictures and other spot news
photos the morning after the
event occurs.
A PIGTURE may be taken as
late as 1 a.m. the day of publica-
tion, developed and engraved in
time to make The Daily's 2 a.m.
deadline.
Daily editors watched the de-
vice in action at the Mount
Clemens, Michigan Monitor-
Leader yesterday. The photo ac-
companying this story was en-
graved on the new device.
A compact machine resembling
a lathe, the device utilizes a com-
bination of optical, electronic and
mechanical methods to transform
a glossy photograph into an en-
graving.
AN ELECTRIC EYE scans the
picture, transmits impulses to a
burning stylus which etches an
impression on a cellulose plate. It
is this etched plate which is put
into the page form to print the
finished picture.
For the three-column picture
accompanying this story the whole
process is completed in about 15
minutes. This is 'nearly three
times faster than the most effi-
cient conventional zinc plate en-
graving process.
Nothing Sacred?
The student religious center
isn't the place you'd expect some-
thing like this to happen, but Mrs.
C. C. Chambers reported to police
that her purse containing $50 was
stolen yesterday from the top of
her desk in Lane Hall.
States Divide
Over Truman
Relief Plans
President Asks
Local Support
WASHINGTON-UP)-State of-
ficials split sharply yesterday over
President Truman's plan to aid
the nation's needy with a vast
new "home relief" program.
Members of Congress also were
divided on the administration's
proposal to expand the social se-
curity system by adding 20,000,-
000 workers to the old age insur-
ance rolls and increasing the bene-
fits through more payroll deduc-
tions.
* * *
AN ASSOCIATED PRESS poll
of governors and welfare directors
showed the major "home relief"
dispute centered around the slid-
ing scale of federal contributions
which the local governments
would be called on to match pro-
portionately.
Under the proposal, the largest
federal grants would go to those
states having the lowest per cap-
ita income.
The maximum payment to-
ward which the federal govern-
ment would contribute would be
$100 per month for husband
and wife, and $20 for each addi-
tional family member needing
aid.
Participating states would put
up from 40 to 75 per cent of the
cost, depending on their per cap-
ita wealth.
THERE WAS NO estimate of
how much the "home relief" pro-
gram--would cost. It would be in
addition to the $1,000,000,000 a
year the government now spends
for aid to the needy aged, blind
and dependent children.
House Democratic leader Mc-
Cormack (Mass.) conceded that
Congress may not bring in all
the persons Mr. Truman wants
covered in the new program.
But he told a reporter "there is
no question but the major part
of the program the president
recommended will be adopted.''
But Rep. Taber (R-NY) said
"I'm not in favor of taxing the
people generally to pay any more
gratuities to anybody unless it is
a direct obligation of the govern-
ment.
C. J. Maxey, state welfare dir-
ector of Michigan, said: "the idea
seems like a good one-we're al-
ways glad to get federal funds."
Bend Leader
Set Free by
German Court
Nazi Kuhn Will Try to
RegainCitizenship
MUNKIH, Germany - (AP)- A
German appellate court yesterday
freed Fritz Kuhn, former German-
American Bund leader and con-
victed major Nazi by cutting his
10-year prison sentence to two
years already served.
Kuhn grinned at the decision.
He said it was a fair trial. Then
he heckled John Roy Carlson, a
prosecution witness and author
of the anti-Fascist book "Under
Cover," in a corridor encounter.
"GET THAT Communist out of
here," Kuhn shouted. "Get him
out. I don't want to talk to a Rus-
sian. It is finished."
Carlson, an American citizen
of Armenian birth, grinned
broadly at Kuhn and shook his
head.
Kuhn, who was born in Munich
in 1896, said he would try tq re-
tain the American citizenship he
'ost June 1, 1943. Kuhn had ob-
tained citizenship by naturaliza-
cion at Detroit. The U.S. District
"ourt of New York cancelled it on
;rounds of fraud.
* * *
"NO MORE organizations, no
:nore anything," Kuhn said in re-
ply to a question viether he
'planned to start another Bund.
He said "it feels very, very good"
to be free.
He has been in prison or in in-
ternment almost steadily since
Nov. 29, 1939, when he was con-
victed in New York on six
counts or grand larceny and
SAXOPHONE ARTIST:
'Jazz at Philharmonic'
To Feature Flip Phillis
When Norman Granz' "Jazz at p
the Philharmonic" comes to Hill
Auditorium at 8:30 p.m. Friday.
not only will songstress Ella Fitz-
gerald be featured but also such
highly-rated jazz artists as sax-
ophonist Joe "Flip" Ph1illips.
Termed one of the most excit-
ing tenormen in today's jazz pic-
HOWEVER, he commented that ture, Phillips is one of the bus-
the long - term dollar - shortages iness' mosit versatile players.
will continue after U.S. aid ends'
because of our "superior competi- JAM SESSIONS have been
tive position in the world market.' known to "break up" because of
the startling quality of his play-
Student Players To ing. Woody Herman found "Flip"
Pne of the brightest stars in his
Plan ProdUction ban d.
«.. .....1:... f.. 4.,-w -4 P ilips aniaancerer a , e
ATLANTIC DEFENSE PACT:
'U.S. Must Mean Business'--Knappen
The United States must still
prove that it means business, Prof.
Marshall Knappen of the political
science department said yesterday
Hemisphere, but this extension of'
the hemispheric mutual defense
agreement is still something new
for us."
way. If the United States wants
to set up Scandinavian bases, Rus-
sia will use counter pressure."
Prof. Knannn sid that it s
,....a _ .. ..____ _ __.,,.