A FORWARD STEP See Page 4 Latest Deadline in the State ~Iuiti MOSTLY CLOUDY . VOL. LIX, No. 98 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, WEDNESDAY, FEB. 23, 1949 PRICE FIVE CENTS Red Journal Cites Bulgar Spy Charge Confessions Used By Sofia Press SOFIA, Bulgara - (IP) - The Communist Party newspaper quoted various Bulgarian Prot- estant churches yesterday as de- nouncing 15 Protestant church- men accused of spying for the United States and Britain. The churchmen are scheduled to go on trial here Friday. The government has announced it has confessions from some of the ac- cused. w * n THE SOFIA PRESS has print- ed detailed accounts ,of three of the purported confessions. Dr. Paul N. Garber, Meth- odist bishop for central and southern Europe, charged in Geneva that one of the defen- dant was tortured until he confessed crimes of which he was innocent. IVANOV HAS been quoted in Sofia as admitting he was a spy and that Bishop Garber also was involved in espionage. Bishop Garber said he learned Ivanov was offered freedom if he would pledge loyalty to the Communist regime in Bulgaria and serve as a spy for the gov- ernment. The clergyman refused, and the mistreatment of Ivanov and Mrs. Ivanov resulted, Bishop Garber said. He added one of Ivanov's sons was sent to a labor camp and the other has disappeared. *' * * THE BRITISH Foreign Office in London announced Bulgaria has agreed. to admit two British legation staff members to the churchmen's trial as observers. Britain denied Monday that her representatives in Bulgaria have dealt with spies. Minister of State Hector McNeil told Parliament that the church- men's arrest may be a viola- tion of Bulgaria's peace treaty pledges to respect human tights. "The Sofia Communist newspa- per Rabotnichesko Delo pub- lished a resolution attributed to the council and board of the Hun- garian Congregational church," which is headed by Vassil Ziapkov, one of the occused. Dawson Calls Faith Answer To Red Threat Faith that our system and val- ues will fulfill the needs of human nature and faith in ourselves and our institutions is the only long- term solution to the threat of Russian aggression, according to Prof. John P. .Dawson, of the Law School. Prof. Dawson, who was former- ly head of the foreign trade ad- ministration of the Greek govern- ment, spoke last night at the Washtenaw County National Se- curity Week dinner. HE SAID THAT persecution of the minority in the United States who object to our way of life is unnecessary and that "all but a very small percentage of the peo- ple would choose to fight against tyranny." Turning to the short-term as- pect of maintaining security, Prof. Dawson pointed out that the "best guess" is that Russia will not wage an aggressive war before 1952 but that Marshall Plan aid is now intended to help "those who believe in our way of life" because we will need their support. Surveying the overall effect of the Marshall Plan, Prof. Dawson explained that aid has had an "encouraging effect." * * * CO UNCI L 1e BA TEg: Fraternities Unite AgainstZoning Bill By JOhN DAVIES Fraternities and sororities are mobilizing their forces to fight a proposed city ordinance which would prohibit building new houses or expanding old ones in the area bounded by Hill St. on the south and Oxfbrd Rd. on the west. IFC Chairman Bruce, Lockwood and Panhel President Mary Stierer called on fraternity and sorority members to oppose the measure at the Ann Arbor City Council meeting 7 p.m. tomorrow at the city hall. OF SMo, ib OF SIX MEMBERS of the 15-man City Council contacted by The Daily, two indicated they fa- vored passage of such a measure, two indicated no opinion and two opposed the measure. City Council President Cecil 4. Creal indicated that his final opinion of the measure would depend on the results of a survey being taken by the City Planning Commission to determine the opinions of the residents of the area on the ,question. He said, however, that he cur- rently favored some sort of zone limited to one-family dwellings (which would exclude new fra- ternities) and thought a majority of the Council would, too. AN OPPOSITE VIEW was ex- pressed by Councilman Robert L. Nichols who felt that a fraternity or sorority should be allowed to build in any zone. "With increased enrollment, the fraternities and sororities have to expand, too," he said, I Councilman Gene D. Maybee, who expressed no opinion on the measure, said that he was wait- ing for the City Ordinance Com- mittee Report before deciding how to vote. Affiliated groups were not the only ones to protest the passing of such a measure. Hillel President Howard Freeman echoed the cry of the affiliated group leaders in calling for all students to oppose the measure Thursday. Founda- tions such as Hillel would be af- fected by the new proposal. 'U'Officials, Lawmakers DiseussBill Six University officials yester- day met in closed session with members of the House' Ways and Means Committee in Lansing to discuss the proposed University operating expenses budget. Following the routine meeting, neither the officials nor members of the committee would comment on the outcome of the what were termed "preliminary" discussions. OTHER MEETINGS with the legislative committees will ordin- arily follow.- President Alexander G. Ruth- ven, Vice-President Marvin L. Niehuss, Regents Roscoe O. Bonisteel and Alfred G. Con- nable, Jr., and University con- troller Wilbur K. Pierpont madej the Lansing trip. The University requested $12,- 500,000 for operating expenses, which would include hiring of 73 new faculty members. In Gov. Williams' budget report, he re- commended that these expenses be cut to $11,800,000. Ex-Mariners To Campaign In Draft Fight Campus Emergency Merchant Marine Committee members last night outlined detailed campaign moves in their battle to sweep seamen draft exemption measures through Congress. Called Michigan chapter of a now countrywide organization, the group put more definite touches to a plan of action only hastily sketched at their initial meeting two weeks ago. PROPOSED action calls for a 'Petition Day', to be held some- time in early March. Contingents of campus ex-mariners will man booths on the Diag and the West Engine Arch to distribute litera- ture to passers-by. Already, nearly 40 former mariners now attending the University have signed similar petitions pledging their all-out aid. "Others wll soon be mailed to members of Congress," ac- cording to Committee spokes- man Mickey Feinberg, '51L. 4'* * THOMAS LUEDERS, '51E, was chosen to head the organization, now officially titled "Merchant Marine Veterans' Club." Other officers elected were: Jack L. Pietz, '49, secretary; and Harry V. Norris, '51L, treasurer. The slate will continue till next se- mester. The group is still awaiting fina~l approval of its new con- stitution before proceeding with its* plans. AIM To Plan, 'New Deal' at Meieting Today AIM's "new deal" for indepen- dent men not living in residence halls will become a reality tonight. A meeting of all men interested in participating in the first of six such districts to be organized will meet at 7:30 p.m. in Rm. 3C of the Union. Activities of the new organization will include athletics, social events, or any others .de- sired, James Kallman, district manager, said. The first district includes all men living within the area bound- ed by North University Ave., State, Forest and Dewey Streets, and also men living on either side of the border streets. Group Backs Local Farm Aid Agencies Plan Would End niXed Authority WASHINGTON - (OP) - A reor- ganized Agriculture Department with a single office in each farm county to handle the government's multiple farmer-aid programs was advocated by the Hoover Commis- sion yesterday. Such an agency, said the com- mission, would end one of the ma- jor criticisms of the department- that the farmer must now deal with many separate agencies which "too frequently follow con- flicting policies." UNDER THE present setup, many counties have separate de- partment agencies dealing with crop control, farm credit, price supports, soil conservation, school lunch activities, and forestry. The Department's rapid growth from 22,000 to 82,000 employes in the last 20 years, the commission said, has result- ed in some 20 different offices reporting directly to the Sec- retary and causing "unnecessary diffusion" of authority. "It is a loose confederation of independent bureaus and agen- cies," the commission said in a re- port to Congress.j 1111 COMMISSION, a biparti- san group on government reor- ganization of the Department could save taxpayers at least $80,- 000,000 a year as well as save farmers a lot of confusion. However, two members of the 12-man commission disagreed with this estimate of possible savings. The dissenters, Dean Acheson, now Secretary of State, and James IH. Rowe, Jr., explained they did not believe that the estimated sav- ings had been "subjected to enough scrutiny." liner.Wa- kot Seen Without T"H Safegatrd Coal Leader Warns Senate Labor Group WASHINGTON-(P)-A spokes- man for mine owners told Con- gress yesterday the country may be confronted with another crippling coal strike "unless the safeguards of the Taft-Hartley Law are continued." The statement was made to the Senate Labor La Committee by Joseph E. Moody, president of the Southern Coal Producers' Associa- tion. *s *a * r. HE SAID THE T-H Law forced John L. Lewis' United Mine Work- ers to bargain collectively with the association last year after Lewis first refused to recognize the operators' group. Moody sounded -his warning about a possible new strike af- ter another coal industry offi- cial, with a wary eye on Lewis, urged the committee to keep the Taft-Hartley Law provision au-I thorizing 80-day injunctions against critical strikes.# James W. Haley, secretary andl general counsel of the National Coal Association, pointed up his argument with figures showing 12 "major" strikes in the soft coal mines since 1935. MOODY TOLD the committee: "We feel that unless the safe- guards in the Taft-Hartley Law which enabled us to reach a con- tract in 1948 are continued, the, country may again face a crisis in coal." He added; "Since the Taft-Hartley Act has been in effect, there has been but one strike and today the country has the best supply of coal on hand in over 10 ,years." "It would seem reasonable to conclude that, far from having the Taft-Hartley Act precipitate this industry into confusion, it has established for the first time inj many years an orderly procedure1 to encourage and develop collec- tive bargaining." HALEY'S ADVOCACY of the Taft-Hartley injunction provision Staffers View New Engraver I/ ELECTRIC ENGRAVER-Technician C. A. O'Brien (left) shows Daily photographer Alex Lman- ian (center) and Daily City Editor Dick Maloy (right) details of a revolutionary new engraving d vice at Mt. Clemens, Mich. One of the new devices will be installed at The Daily in mid-March, enabling The Daily to bring its readers spot news photos. -* * * * Stress Urged By Crawford Engineers' Education Needs 'Broadening' Engineering colleges should offer more liberal arts subjects to their students than they now do, Dean Ivan C. Crawford of the en- gineering college said last night. Speaking before a Sigma Rho Tau smoker, Dean Crawford said that this "broadening" of engi- neering education is highly impor- tant to the engineer looking toward the increasingly-important work of administration. BUT THE WAY most colleges have accomplished this broaden- ing is negative, he told the group. "As liberal arts in engineering. exists now, all "cultural" subjects, few as they are, are taught before the technical courses, at a time when the student is anxious only to begin his engineering studies." "The colleges should offer such subjects during the last syears of engineering training. By that time, the student has a broader view of his education and is willing to take liberal arts courses, Dean Crawford said. "Engineers who have the ability' to read works of literature and pursue other cultural subjects for pure enjoyment are well on the way to completing their educa- tion." Jobless Vets Oi1 Incerease \WASHINGTON - UP) - Unem- ployment among war veterans has more than doubled in the past 1 dour months, the Veterans Admin- istration said yesterday. ISpokesmen for the agency' pointed out, however, that much, of the increase in joblessness is, seasonal, since major construction projects lay off workers during' the winter. As of January 31, the agency said, 570,539 World War 11 vet- rans were drawing "readjust- ment allowances - unemployment 2hecks up to $20 a week each. Paymentsduring the month to- taled $37,921,000. ON-THE-SPOT PIX : Daily To Pioneer New Photo Electric Engraver Continuing its 59-year-old ca- reer of pioneering in collegiate journalism, The Michigan Daily will shortly be able to offer its readers spot news pictures. Utilizing a revolutionary photo- electric engraving device, The Daily will be able to rush pictures into print in a matter of minutes. Currently Daily photos must be Tritnecm Uses Plain Talk it Aide's Defense WASHINGTON - (AP) - Presi- dent Truman, using some plain barracks language to defend a criticized military aide, said last night that no "S.O.B." was going to prevail on him to discharge anyone "by some smart aleck statement over the air." Later, however, when the offi- cial transcript of the President's remarks was issued at the White House, reporters found that the talk had been cleaned up to omit the startling expression. THE STENO GRAPHER, or some one higher up, apparently had decided the language had been a bit strong. The talk was given at a coun- try blub banquet o. the Reserve Officers Association and many in the audience were old soldiers like Mr. TrumIan. The military aide whom the President defended was Maj. Gen. Harry H. Vaughan, who had been criticized for accepting recently a medal from President Peron of Argentina. DREW PEARSON, radio com- mentator and columnist, stood outside the Argentine Embassy on the night the medal was present- ed, and with pencil and paper in hand, took down the names of those who entered to attend the fete. Later Pearson launched a cam- paign of criticism against Vaughan on the air and in his column. sent to Detroit for engraving and reach readers 24 hours late. THE NEW DEVICE will be in- stalled at The Daily by the middle of March. It is produced by the Fairchild Camera Corp. which has been working for years to perfect the device. Some 30 of the machines are in use around the country at' present. The Daily will be the first college paper to install the new photo-electric engraver. When the engraver gets into operation here The Daily will be able to bring readers action sports pictures and other spot news photos the morning after the event occurs. A PIGTURE may be taken as late as 1 a.m. the day of publica- tion, developed and engraved in time to make The Daily's 2 a.m. deadline. Daily editors watched the de- vice in action at the Mount Clemens, Michigan Monitor- Leader yesterday. The photo ac- companying this story was en- graved on the new device. A compact machine resembling a lathe, the device utilizes a com- bination of optical, electronic and mechanical methods to transform a glossy photograph into an en- graving. AN ELECTRIC EYE scans the picture, transmits impulses to a burning stylus which etches an impression on a cellulose plate. It is this etched plate which is put into the page form to print the finished picture. For the three-column picture accompanying this story the whole process is completed in about 15 minutes. This is 'nearly three times faster than the most effi- cient conventional zinc plate en- graving process. Nothing Sacred? The student religious center isn't the place you'd expect some- thing like this to happen, but Mrs. C. C. Chambers reported to police that her purse containing $50 was stolen yesterday from the top of her desk in Lane Hall. States Divide Over Truman Relief Plans President Asks Local Support WASHINGTON-UP)-State of- ficials split sharply yesterday over President Truman's plan to aid the nation's needy with a vast new "home relief" program. Members of Congress also were divided on the administration's proposal to expand the social se- curity system by adding 20,000,- 000 workers to the old age insur- ance rolls and increasing the bene- fits through more payroll deduc- tions. * * * AN ASSOCIATED PRESS poll of governors and welfare directors showed the major "home relief" dispute centered around the slid- ing scale of federal contributions which the local governments would be called on to match pro- portionately. Under the proposal, the largest federal grants would go to those states having the lowest per cap- ita income. The maximum payment to- ward which the federal govern- ment would contribute would be $100 per month for husband and wife, and $20 for each addi- tional family member needing aid. Participating states would put up from 40 to 75 per cent of the cost, depending on their per cap- ita wealth. THERE WAS NO estimate of how much the "home relief" pro- gram--would cost. It would be in addition to the $1,000,000,000 a year the government now spends for aid to the needy aged, blind and dependent children. House Democratic leader Mc- Cormack (Mass.) conceded that Congress may not bring in all the persons Mr. Truman wants covered in the new program. But he told a reporter "there is no question but the major part of the program the president recommended will be adopted.'' But Rep. Taber (R-NY) said "I'm not in favor of taxing the people generally to pay any more gratuities to anybody unless it is a direct obligation of the govern- ment. C. J. Maxey, state welfare dir- ector of Michigan, said: "the idea seems like a good one-we're al- ways glad to get federal funds." Bend Leader Set Free by German Court Nazi Kuhn Will Try to RegainCitizenship MUNKIH, Germany - (AP)- A German appellate court yesterday freed Fritz Kuhn, former German- American Bund leader and con- victed major Nazi by cutting his 10-year prison sentence to two years already served. Kuhn grinned at the decision. He said it was a fair trial. Then he heckled John Roy Carlson, a prosecution witness and author of the anti-Fascist book "Under Cover," in a corridor encounter. "GET THAT Communist out of here," Kuhn shouted. "Get him out. I don't want to talk to a Rus- sian. It is finished." Carlson, an American citizen of Armenian birth, grinned broadly at Kuhn and shook his head. Kuhn, who was born in Munich in 1896, said he would try tq re- tain the American citizenship he 'ost June 1, 1943. Kuhn had ob- tained citizenship by naturaliza- cion at Detroit. The U.S. District "ourt of New York cancelled it on ;rounds of fraud. * * * "NO MORE organizations, no :nore anything," Kuhn said in re- ply to a question viether he 'planned to start another Bund. He said "it feels very, very good" to be free. He has been in prison or in in- ternment almost steadily since Nov. 29, 1939, when he was con- victed in New York on six counts or grand larceny and SAXOPHONE ARTIST: 'Jazz at Philharmonic' To Feature Flip Phillis When Norman Granz' "Jazz at p the Philharmonic" comes to Hill Auditorium at 8:30 p.m. Friday. not only will songstress Ella Fitz- gerald be featured but also such highly-rated jazz artists as sax- ophonist Joe "Flip" Ph1illips. Termed one of the most excit- ing tenormen in today's jazz pic- HOWEVER, he commented that ture, Phillips is one of the bus- the long - term dollar - shortages iness' mosit versatile players. will continue after U.S. aid ends' because of our "superior competi- JAM SESSIONS have been tive position in the world market.' known to "break up" because of the startling quality of his play- Student Players To ing. Woody Herman found "Flip" Pne of the brightest stars in his Plan ProdUction ban d. «.. .....1:... f.. 4.,-w -4 P ilips aniaancerer a , e ATLANTIC DEFENSE PACT: 'U.S. Must Mean Business'--Knappen The United States must still prove that it means business, Prof. Marshall Knappen of the political science department said yesterday Hemisphere, but this extension of' the hemispheric mutual defense agreement is still something new for us." way. If the United States wants to set up Scandinavian bases, Rus- sia will use counter pressure." Prof. Knannn sid that it s ,....a _ .. ..____ _ __.,,.