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VOL. LIX, No. 97 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 22 1949
PRICE FIVE CENTS
Truman
Asks
Vast
Social
Security
Norway To
Join North
Atlantic Pact
U.S. Pledges
Armed Backing
By The Associated Press
Norway's Foreign Minister Hal-
vard M. Lange said that Norway
has decided to pin her security to
the proposed North Atlantic Alli-
ance backed by the armed strength
of the United States.
This announcement came after
a Washington official stated that
the United States would give as-
surances in the Pact that she
would not stand idly by if any of
the signers is attacked.
* * *
THE EXACT language of the
promise remains to be worked out,
but the assurance was apparently
enough for Norway, whose deci-
sion is counter to Russian de-
mands for Norway to stay out of
the proposed security alliance.
Lange indicated that a Scan-
dinavian defense union, depend-
ing largely on Swedish arms to
protect northern neutrality, is
out of the question. Informed
sources in Oslo said that Rus-
sia's offer to conclude a non-ag-
gression with Norway would also
be turned down.
The Washington informant who
spoke of the assurances to be giv-
en in the proposed pact said that
the treaty will contain a clause
which will leave no doubt about
the United States, determination
to resist aggression.
NORWAY's decision to go along
with the West had been generally
anticipated. Foreign minister
Lange told a news conference in
Oslo that bitter experience has
convinced his country that neu-
trality and isolation will not pro-
tect her. He cited the German in-
vasion of 1940.
With the final treaty talks ap-
proaching, the StAte Depart-
ment went ahead with plans for
the arms program expected to
supply more than $3,000,000,000'
worth of armaments to Europe.
Lange told 14 touring American
newsmen that his government has
not yet made up its mind exactly
when and how it will join the At-
lantic pact talks. Final formula-
tion of that decision will await a
parliamentary debate later this
week.
THE NORWEGIAN govern-
ment's decision to take part in the
Washington talks was reached de-
spite the Soviet warnings.
Secretary of State Acheson is
scheduled to meet within the next
day or two with representatives of
Canada and the European coun-
tries taking part in the talks,
Fear Retards
Economic Gain
Thorp Calls for More
UNESCO Cooperation
LAKE SUCCESS - (AP) - Assis-
tant Secretary of State Willard L.
Thorp said today world economic
progress is being retarded by po-
litical uncertainty and fear.
Thorp spoke before the U.N.
Economic and Social Council in
the opening day of a general de-
bate on world economic changes
in 1948. He will deliver a major
speech here late this week on
President Truman's program to
aid backward areas.
THORP JOINED other dele-
gates in a plea for cooperation o1
all countries in U.N. efforts to
study and remedy world economic
problems. While Thorp did not
mention Russia directly, it was
understood he was referring to the
failure of the Soviet Union to sup-
ply economic data to the U.N. eco-
nomic experts.
Chilean Delegate Hernan Santa
Cruz earlier charged that Russia
was hindering the efforts of the
U.N. by withholding information
Bromage Defeats
Bursley in Voting
Political Scientist Nominated
For Alderman on GOP Slate
By DON McNEIL
In a light city primary, Prof. Arthur H. Bromage, professor of po-
litical science won the Republican nomination for alderman over Jo-
seph Bursley, Dean-Emeritus of students and Hazel M. Standish.
Prof. Bromage closely edged out Dean Bursley by a 223-210 vote.
Mrs. Standish polled 61 votes.
The nominee is a former chairman of the Citizens Council execu-
tive board and has served on two governor's vommissions.
, , , ,
Hoover Panel'
Issues Call
X
ELSEWHERE, J. B. Mellott v
the first ward over R. A. Dual by a<
93-48 vote. Both of these men are
University graduates.
In the third ward, Joe Becker
took the Democratic nomina-
tion from Ray Scott by a 66 to
33 vote and Lawrence Ouimet
won over Robert Ward for the
Republican nomination 245 to
S26.
John R. Dobson defeated Frank-
lin C. Foresythe 484 to 315 for the
Republican nomination in the
seventh ward.
In the contest for County super-
visor, Mary M. Hahn won the Re-
publican nomination from Carl F.
Mayne 213 to 173 in the second
ward and Ray E. Scott took the
Democratic nomination from Joe
E. Beeler 33 to 26.
THERE WAS NO contest for
the party nomination in other
wards or for the mayoralty com-
paign.
In the April 4th election, Wil-
liam E. Brown, Jr. (Rep.) in-
cumbent, will race Leslie A.
Wikel (Dem:. campus drug-
gist and Prof. John F. Shephard
of the psychology department.
(Prog.) for the mayor's office.
Other University men won their
party nominations without con-
test, including 1st ward, Peter A.
Ostafin (Dem.) lecturer in so-
ciology; 3rd Ward, Mrs. John H.
Muyskens (Dem.) wife of Prof.
Muyskens of the speech depart-
ment; 4th Ward, Robert Holston
(Prog.), teaching fellow in psy-
chology; and 7th ward, Lester
Beberfall (Prog.) teaching fellow,
psychology department.
Druno meter
To Face Test
the Republican nomination
in
PROF. ARTHUR W. BROMAGE
- candidate for Alderman
A "
Atomi.c Query:
How to Protec/t
Us, Not Others?
WASHINGTON -('P)--Govern-
ment officials said today they
haven't been able to figure out a
way to tell Americans-and not
everyone else-how to protect,
themselves against A-bombs.
Their dilemma, Atomic Energy
Commission officials said, is how
to spread the information in this
country without letting the whole
world in on it.
j COMMISSION MANAGER Car-
roll L. Wilson conceded the agency
has no plan for protecting a major
defense area, in the event of an
A-bomb explosion.
And Commissioner Lewis
Strauss commented: "The'best
For Shakeup
State Department
Revision Asked
By The Associated Press
The Hoover Commission called
yesterday for a thoroughgoing
overhaul of the State Departmen
and broad revisions in this coun-
try's machinery for dealing wit:
foreign relations.
The Commission said President
Truman should have a freer hand
in directing such relations, and a
better setup for getting sound ad-
vice.
IT ALSO SAID the constitu-
tional requirement of a two-thirds
vote in the Senate to confirm
treaties is a "serious trouble
breeder" although it did not spe-
cifically suggest a change.
In calling for a major shake-
up of the State Department, the
Commission declared that the
Department has failed to a level
of "low esteem" with Congress.
the public, the press and many
of its own officials.
University Prof. James Pollock,
chairman of the political science
department, is a member of the
twelve man commission, but was
unavailable for comment.
THE COMMISSION, headed by
former President Herbert Hoover,
said the Department's low rating
resulted from an "intolerable"
overload of foreign-aid and other
special tasks heaped upon the
,shoulders of the Secretary of
State and the Undersecretary.
Unlike earlier proposals, 'how-
ever, the Commission yesterday
forecast no immediate savings
from recasting the foreign affairs
operations.now scattered among
46 government departments and
agencies. It said present functions
are "crucial and necessary" and
cannot be curtailed.
It renewed a suggestion that the
White House should set up a series
of special cabinet-level committees
to advise the president on specific
important issues.
Titiev Calls for
International
Govern men t
An effective international po-
litical organization of some sort
must be established if present cul-
ture patterns are to survive, Prof.,
Mischa Titiev told a meeting of
the campus AVC last night.
Speaking of the rise of nation-
alism in the Far East, the anthro-
pologist stressed that foreign eco-
nomic exploitation is to a large
degree responsible for the violent
eruptions in China, India and
Indonesia.
Prof. Titiev was in China and
the Far East during the war with
OSS.
IN A WORLD dominated by
power politics, these countries had
no other means to gain their ends
other than force of arms," he as-
serted. "Israel is another case in
which armed might was demon-
strated to be the only effective
means of realizing nationalistic
desires."
Prof. Titiev compared the
present day ranking of national
prestige to the 'whom did you
beat' psychology of prize fight-
ers. "It is unfortunate that these
underdeveloped nations are just
coming of age in a power world."
Historically the day of the small
tribal unit is gone, he said. "War-
fare has also evolved from small
scale skirmishing to gigantic and
enormously devastating conflicts."!
"Both of these developments are
long range trends and the only
way to prevent the destruction of
our present way of life is through
the establishment of an organiza-
tion that will transcend national
interests," he added.
"The policy of tie United States
government and of every state in
the United States towards black
Americans is a policy of' Jim
Crowism and segregation, enforc-
ed by terror."
This belief was expressed by
William Patterson, national exec-
utive secretary of the Civil Rights
Congress, and former defense at-
torney for Sacco and Vanzetti,
when he spoke last night at a
meeting sponsored by a local com-
mittee of the NAACP.
THE MEETING was called to
bring to light the case of six Ne-
groes who, Patterson, their de-
fense lawyer claims, are being
sent unjustly to the electric chair.
Mrs. Bessie Mitchell, sister of
one of the "Trenton Six", was
also present at the meeting and
l resented her story and reasons
for believihig that her brother
and the other five accused are
innocent.
These men, booked for the mur-
der of a second-hand dealer, were
picked out at random by the Tren-
ton police, who, claimed Mrs. Mit-
chell, totally ignored any attempts,
of the men to prove their inno-
cence.
PATTERSON SAID that this
case was only one of many in this
country of this nature. He pointed
Slower Road
Speeds Asked
Washtenaw County officials to-
day issued a plea for students to
reduce auto speeds while travel-
ing between Ann Arbor and Wil-
low Village.
Road Commission Superinten-
dent Kenneth Hallenbeck said he
had received numerous complaints
of excess speed by automobiles
coming from the village in the
morning.
Authorities of several schools
located on Geddes Rd. north of
the river have threatened to have
red'uced speed limits enforced on
the highway unless motorists slow
down.
Hallenbeck urged students and
instructors hurrying from Willow
Village to make eight o'clock
classes to co-operate with the au-
to the Roosevelt Perkins case in
nearby Saline as an example. Per-
kins was shot down after he had
been caught and handcuffed by
a pursuing posse. He had no trial
proving him guilty of the charges
against him.
"This country is not threatened
by any other country in the
world," declared Patterson, "rath-
er it is threatened by those men
who lynched 5,000 American Ne-
groes and were aquitted in Ameri-
can courts."
"It is this policy which will de-
stroy our country. Don't close your
eyes to it," the lawyer warned.
Third Pastor
Admits Reds'
Spy Charoes
SOFIA, Bulgaria-(P)-The So-
fia press reported yesterday that
another of the 15 Bulgarian Pro-
testant church leaders accused of
treason has confessed he was a
spy for the United States and
Britain.
The statement was attributed
to Georgi Chernev, head of the
Pentecost church in Bulgaria. In
successive days the papers had
reported confessions also from
Yanko Ivanov, supervisor of
Methodist churches, and Vassil
Ziapkov, Congregational church
leader.
* * *
THE TRIAL of the churchmen
is scheduled to begin Friday.
(Britain denounced the arrest
of the churchmen, and denied
British diplomatic representa-
tives in Sofia are spies. Minister
of State Hector McNeil told
Parliament the case may con-
stitute a violation of Bulgaria's
peace treaty pledges to respect
human rights.)
Chernev's alleged confession
was described as testimony given
in a judicial investigation of
charges of treason, espionage and
black market money deals. The
other 14 churchmen face similar
charges.
As reported by the papers,
Chernev named Cyril Black, an
American, as No. 1 man in a spy
ring working, through the United
STRIKER SHOUTS AGAINST SETTLEMENT-A worker of the
Philadelphia Transportation Company shouts against settling the
ttransit strike at Philadelphia, during a mass meeting of strikers
after negotiators had reached agreement in the ten-day strike.
Other strikers applaud or shout during the stormy session.
BLAMES JIM CROW:
LIwyer A ttacks Deatu
Sentence for 6 Negroes
Late Gargs
Gargoyle enthusiasts whose
subscription copies did not
arrive in the mails yesterday
are urgedito take heart.
Gargs were delayed through
some new postal regulation
which demands that all mailed
articles must be accompanied
by postage. All subscriptions,
this time complete with stamps,
were re-mailed last night.
"But it was the best Gar-
goyle," Marchair Parker, Garg
managing editor, insisted. The
government did not seem to
care.
Non-subscribers who were
afraid to buy them from cam-
pus salesmen may purchase
them at the Student Publica-
tions Building today.
torse Raps
B ackers f
LaborBill
WASHINGTON - (A") -Senator
Morse (Pep., Ore.) said today the
attitude of many defenders of the
Taft-Hartley labor act is "a Judas
betrayal of the capitalistic sys-
tem."
In a sudden onslaught against
many of the business spokesmen
who have appeared before the
Senate labor committee, Morse
declared their attitude is "shock-
ing, selfish, class-conscious and
un-Christian."
BUT HE praised Senator Taft
for his "fair-minded objectivity"
in considering testimony on the
'shortcomings" of the Taft-Hart-
ley Act.
Morse said he and Taft are
"much nearer together" on "the
need for a law less drastic
against labor" than they were
in 1947 when Taft-Hartley was
passed.
He issued a statement while the
Senate committee was hearing
more testimony in defense of
Taft-Hartley provisions, and on
the Truman Administration's pro-
posal to junk the present law and
substitute a measure much closer
to the original Wagner act.
TAFT, MEANWHILE, insisted
again the basic provisions of the
present act will be retained.
He replied to a statement by
CIO President Philip Murray
that the Ohio Senator has made
18 specific "concessions and re-
treats" which add up to "a re-
luctant confession" that the act
is unworkable.
The national Grange, a farm
organization, told the committee
it is an "error" to claim that the
November election was a mandate
for outright repeal of the Taft-
Hartley Act.
GM Guilty of
Unfair Practice
DETROIT-(R1)-The CIO Unit-
ed Auto Workers were given an-
other "club" today to use in forth-
coming bargaining with the auto
industry.
The weapon was a Washington
ruling by the National Labor Re-
lations Board. It held General
Motors Corp. guilty of an unfair
labor practice for attempting to
launch a group insurance program
without consulting the UAW.
But the million-member auto
workers union may never need to
use the decision to back its 1949
demands for pensions and medical
care plans. It had pressed the case
only for reserve strength, if need-
ed.
ikes
Bill Provides
Higher Tax,
Pension Pay
Passage Would
WidenCoverage
WASHINQTON-(P)-Presiden't
Truman's program for a vast
broadening of social security ben-
efit's, bringing additional millions
of persons under the system and
increasing the payments and
taxes, was unfolded on Capitol
Hill today.
The legislation would bring an
additional 20,000,000 Americans,
into the old age and survivors in-
surance system, making a total of
50,000,000 under this setup.
* * *.
TILE MAXIMUM insurance
benefit would be boosted from
$85 to $150 a month and in addi-
tion the bill would provide direct
federal aid for all needy persons.
It would also hike the old age
insurance tax rate from the
present one per cent to 1.5 per
cent on the first $3,000 of an
employe's paycheck and the em-
ployer's payroll next July 1.
Under the present law, the in-
crease is not due to begin until
Jan. 1, 1950.
The rate would jump to two per
cent against the first $4,800 of an
employe's pay and employer's pay-
roll next Jan. 1.
* * *
THE ADMINISTRATION'S pro-
posals were embodied in two bills
covering more than 100 pages. The
measures were introduced by
chairman Doughton (Dem., N.C.)
of the House Ways and Means
Committee.
Major features would provide:
1. Direct federal financial as-
sistance not only for the needy
aged, the blind and for de-
pendent children, as at present,
but for all needy persons. (This
is distinct from the old age in-
surance system, uider which
workers and their employers are
taxed so the workers can draw
benefits when they grow old.)
2. Benefit payments for short
periods of illness-and for extend-
ed periods of disability when a
person is unable to work.
Doughton took no stand on the
legislation, which would greatly
expand old-age and survivors in-
surance, and increase maximum
monthly insurance benefits from
$85 to $150.
First Lecture
On Marriage
Set for Today
Dr. Ralph Lin ton, professor of
anthropology at Yale University,
will open the "Marriage and Fam-
ily Relations Lecture Series" at 8
p.m. today in Rackham lecture
hall.
In the first of the series' five
talks, Dr. Linton will discuss "The
Institution of Marriage."
m
* *
LECTURE TICKETS have been
completely sold out, according to
Ivan Parker, chairman of the lee-
ture committee and Assistant to
the Dean of Students.
He said another lecture series
next fall is virtually assured be-
cause student demand for tick-
ets far exceeded the limited
number sold.
Other lectures include "Psycho-
logical Factors in Marriage,
March 15; "Courtship and Pre-
Marital Relations," March 23;
"The Anatomy and Physiology of
Reproduction," March 28; and
"The Medical Basis of Sane Sex
Practice," March 29.
STUDENTS attending the lec-
tures may submit written ques-
tions at the close of each talk.
Comment and criticism sheets will
be available after each lecture.
Jfob Talks Will
Be Resumed
The county drunkometer
get an unusual test, at 9
today.
will
a.m.
Lt. Vincent Fox of the sheriff's protection is to be somewhere
department will be trying to dis- else when a bomb goes off."
prove a Detroit doctor's claim that The issue was raised by mem-
the alcohol tester will react to bers of the Congressional Atomic
onions, limburger cheese and Energy Committee.
other substances much as it does Rep. Holifield (Dem., Calif.)
to liquor. said that since taxpayers "are
The doctor has charged that the paying about a half billion dollars
Drunkometer is inaccurate be- a year for atomic developments,
cause of its reaction to these sub- they should know how to protect
stances and wants the courts to themselves against a bomb."
declare it inadmissible as evidence. Wilson said the Commission is
Law enforcement officials from trying to induce contractors to de-j
throughout the country including velop "a rugged reliable instru-
Municipal Judge Francis O'Brien ment" to detect radiation.
and Ypsilanti Judge Mark Rust In advance of the meeting, Rep.I
will attend the public tests in the Price (Dem., Ill.) renewed a de-
identification bureau of the mand that a report on the Bikini
County Jail. bomb test be made public.
TRIANGLES EXPOSED:
'Time Capsule' Sheds New
Ligoht on Earlier U' History
By PETE HOTTON
someone stole it from under their
A "time capsule," discovered in noses and it's been missing ever
the dim, dark recesses of the en- since.
gineering arch, has shed new light Not long ago Clark investigated
on early 20th century University the place of exhumation and
history."found the little box imbedded in
The "capsule" is a small metal the hole where the plaque had
razor blade box. Uncovered by been.
amateur archaeologist Bob Clark, *
'50E, it contains long-lost records THE BOX was found to contain
of Triangles, junior engineering a smallsc ao nn with9 91
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THEY CANNOT TELL A LIE:
Documents Debunk Washington Legend
By GEORGE WALKER
Students trudging along to
classes today might as well resign
themselves to the fact: All this
business about our first president
States. He had white hair, he cut
down a cherry tree and told his
father, he threw a silver dollar
across the Potomac and then he
grew up and became the first
says Robert Lewis, his nephew,
who said he saw him do it.
And finally, about this claim to
the first presidency. John Hanson,
of Maryland, became the first