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WAINDY AND
WARMER
Latest Deadline in the State
VOL. LVIII, No. 136 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SUNDAY, APRIL 18, 1948
PRICE FIVE CENTS
i
East Battles
West
In Italian Election
By IIARRIETT FRIEDMAN
CLOSE ON THE HEELS of the Nebraska primary race, the American
people are turning today to the more crucial elections in Italy.
There, in a vote called the "turning point of the postwar period,"
Italians may be indicating whether the rest of Europe will swing East
or West.
Mobilized forces, 330,000 troops of all kinds, were placed in readi-
ness by the government to protect the voters. The order "to watch
out for "obstructionism, intimidation and violence" emphasized the
gravity of the Italian people's decision.
But Americans, despite their increased adeptness at keeping track
of innumerable candidates, are finding the issues in the Italian elec-
tion a little complicated.
* * * *
WITH A STRONG HOLD on the Balkans, Russia was working hard
to extend the bulwark of Russian friends into the Mediterranean.
The United States, committed to a "stop Communism" program, and
fearful of the prestige-loss in an Italian defeat has taken unprece-
dented interest for a foreign nation.
The big battle is between the Catholic Christian Democrats
and righpt wing socialists, headed by Premier Alcide de Gasperi,
(America), and the Communist Popular Front and left wing
socialists, led by Palmiro Togliatti (Russia).
Smaller parties, which may take a good part of the 25 million
expected votes are the National Bloc, a right wing coalition; Socialist
Unity; the Republicans; the Monarchists; and the MSI, a fascist
group.
* * M *
THE AVERAGE VOTER has felt many pressures trying to direct his
vote. America had used every device to, swing Italians to the
Christian Democrats. We promised the return of Trieste, Italian mem-
bership in UN, a special shipping treaty. We shipped clothing.
coal and food and letters from Italian-Americans; we have warned
(Votes in the Italian election will be cast by the proportional
representation system for a senate of 237 and a chamber of
deputies of 574 members. Decisive results from the balloting,
which began at 6 a.m. today and will continue until tomorrow
noon, are not expected until at least Wednesday. Although the
chamber elections are most significant, senate returns will be
reported first. The Daily will carry early returns in its Tuesday
and Wednesday editions).
that Italian Communists will be refused entry into the United States;
we have reminded them that the Marshall Plan is only for non-
Communist nations.
And Russia, pressuring for Popular Front votes, finding
herself in somewhat of a hole for promises, suggested the return
of all old Italian colonies. But she took a stand against the Trieste
and UN proposals, a move that worried iwtny Communist sup-
Other forces affecting the voter included the Catholic Church
which had urged all members to vote for de Gasperi forces. Posters
decorated all available wall space in every town, and every street-
corner had its soap-box orator up to the 32 hour pre-election dead-
line on political activity.
* $ a'4 1R
BUT THE PROBLEM for the voter wasn't answered by Russia or
America. The Italian masses are looking for something concrete
in the way of economic progress. Premier de Gasperi had yet to
accomplish any major reform, plagued by the problems of forming
a republic and rebuilding the country. His anti-Communist, pro-
American platform was opposed by the Communists' promises of more
food and land. However the constant strikes called by the Com-
> nunists had angered the average man.
Vote distribution can partially be forecast on the basis
of the last general election, June 2, 1946. Then, the Communists
and socialists obtained slightly less than 40 per cent of the vote,
and the Christian Democratic forces have stated that they hope
to keep them even lower this time.
Most of the Communist, left wing socialist strength in 1946
came from Sicily, Sardinia and Southern Italy, where the Popular
Front is expected to hold its own today and tomorrow.
The real decision this time will lie with the middle-of-the-roaders
of the industrial north. Almost half of the voters-46%-are there,
with 18% in central Italy, 24% in the southern section and 12% in the
islands.
HATEVER THE OUTCOME of the election, Americans can
expect to feel some immediate reactions. Not only will the Italian
results affect our future foreign policy, but they may alter the results
of the crop of Republican primaries.
In the Ohio balloting, May 4, Stassen will try to lure a few voters
from favorite son Robert Taft. And although the Dewey-Taft home
program faction is still leading nationally, new tension abroad could
throw the weight of votes to the Stassen-Vandenberg internation-
alists.
If western supported Christian-Democrats win, America will
also face a new responsibility. Such a victory will have been won
on the promise of substantial aid and support. It is generally con-
ceded that we cannot hold such a triumph long, unless we produce.
t *c
Italian Students Here Predict
Communist Defeat in Election
Officials See
Sure Passing
Of Draft Law
Little Hope Seen
For UMT Issue
EDITOR'S NOTE: The following
interpretive article on the Draft and
UMT was compiled from informa-
tion gathered by The Daily's city
editor during a visit to Washington,
D.C.
By DICK MALOY
If you are of draft age and have
not served in the Armed Services
you had better not make any
plans for the next couple of years.
The concensus on Capitol Hill
last week was that some kind of
a Selective Service Act will defi-
nitely become law before summer.
The draft law has strong backing
in Congress and is virtually as-
sured of passage, but little hope
is held for a Universal Military
Training law.
Reports out of Washington
during the last few weeks carry
pro and con arguments for both
the Draft and UMT. But The
Daily learned that most con-
gressmen are committed to sup-
port the Draft law.
Daily representatives talked
with a dozen topflight Capitol
Hill reporters for all the major
news services who are convinced
that a Selective Service act will
become law shortly. Personal talks
with congressmen have borne out
this belief.
Congressmen feel that some
measure is essential to bolster
sagging Armed Services man-
power. They said the U.S. must
have a more adequate defense
force to back up its recent "get
tough" attitude toward Russia.
The quickest way to bolster
those armed services is with a
draft, according to Congress-
men. The Draft will probably
affect men in the 20 to 25 year
old age bracket who did not
serve in World War H. Veter-
ans, who served only a short
time during the war, will prob-
ably be forced into the reserve,
under laws now taking shape in
Washington.
(By the way if you are now in
the reserve you will be getting a
questionnaire from the Army this
week. The Army wants to know
how many reservists will be will-
ing to go on active duty if the
selective service program requires
more officer personnel.)
Out of a welter of conflicting
testimony in Congressional Com-
mittee Hearings The Daily learned
that the UMT bill hasn't a chance
of passage now. Well informed
sources said UMT might have
passed one or two years ago, but
the feeling against it now is too
strong.
Both measures are still in pom-
mittee but it is expected that they
will be reported out early this
week. Bitter debate is seen for the
measures on the floor of both
houses, but draft passage is set
for next month.
WordNewsi
Ata Glance
By The Associated Press
ATLANTA, April 17-Savage
beating of a young war veteran
with a leather lash brought
charges by Georgia's Governor to-
day that the Ku Klux Klan is set-
ting out on a systematic terror
campaign.
Gov. M. E. Thompson said the
Klan, through a new adjunct
called "The Black Raiders," has
planned a series of floggings and
lashings of private citizens in At-
lanta, Lagrange and "other plac-
es."
SAN JOSE, COSTA RICA,
April 17-A virtual agreement
to end Costa Rica's civil war
and place Otilio Ulate Blanco
in the presidency has been
reached and is awaiting final
approval, a reliable source said
today.
CINCINNATI, April 17-The
Ohio River neared its crest here
today as thousands of flood vic-
tims prepared to return to their
water-soaked homes.
* * *
RAGGED CHILDREN -- Such children as the ones pictured above
will be the recipients of all clothing collected through the clothing
drive being sponsored next Tuesday and Wednesday by the Uni-
versity Famine Committee.
* * *
*
CONTRIBUTIONS ASKED:
University Clothing Drive To
AssistEurope Starts Today
It,
The commonplace American la-
ment, "all dressed up and no place
to go," inevitably contains a trace
of self-satisfaction, but the phrase
has only bitter irony for the av-
erage European war victim.
The sad truth is that he can't
go much of anyplace simply be-
cause he can't scrape up an ade-
quate outfit. His clothes are either
too tattered for genteel company
or too well ventilated to venture
abroad in the cold.
As a result, countless children
are currently prohibited from at-
tending school and adults are so-
liciting jobs in garb they would
once have been ashamed to give to
tramps.
The University Famine Com-
mittee has launched a two-day
clothing drive aimed at restoring
the dignity of these people and
accelerating their return to peace-
time conditions. The drive will
Daily Leaves
MCAF Group
The Daily yesterday withdrew
from the Michigan Committee for
Academic Freedom.
In a letter to George Shepherd.
MCAF chairman, Managing Edi-
tor John Campbell asserted that'
academic freedom was being made
a "political football."
The statement follows
"Since the formation of this
group, we have authorized an un-
instructed delegate as a represen-
tative from The Daily. Henceforth
The Daily will not be represented
by a delegate or in name.
"The editors of The Daily are
sincerely interested in maintain-
ing academic freedom. We do not
believe, that this aim can be ac-
complished by making academic
freedom a 'political football' as is
apparently being done in the
MCAF."
Weekly Review
"Events of the Week," a new
Daily feature giving a brief re-
sume of the news items of the
past week appears on Page 4
today.
commence Tuesday with collec-1
tion posts maintained at all soror-
ities, fraternities and dorms.
Clothing of any size, bedding
and particularly shoes are desired,
Seymour Goldstein, committee
chairman, said. He pointed out
that conditions in Europe have
improved little in the past year.
With priority being placed on food,
clothing needs have been neglect-
ed, re >orts indicate.
Sheriff Orders
All Stray, Dogs
Shot on Sioht
Keep track of your dog,
Clarifying its recent order, the
Washtenaw County Sheriff's Of-
fice announced yesterday that all
dogs running loose unaccompani-
ed by their masters will be shot on
4ight whether or not the dog has
a license.
Meanwhile, Ann Arbor law en-
forcement officers reported two
more dog bite cases-raising the
week's total to four. Bessie
Knowles, 2, 3825 Zeeb Rd., Dexter,
and Leonard Scott, 514 N. Fifth
Ave. were both victims yesterday.
They were treated in St. Jos-
eph's Mercy Hospital.
Two cars with instructions to
enforce the rule strictly are on the
road taking care of complaints,
according to the sheriff's office.
Dr. H. R. Shipman, veterinar-
ian and local Humane Society
president said that the order is
nothing new and has been issued
every year,
Dr. Shipman agreed that some
measures should be taken to pre-
vent a recurrence of the tragedy.
Ile said that he is working with
the sheriff's office to arrive at a
solution agreeable to everyone.
Ann Arbor Police reported four
stray dog complaints three lost
dog complaints plus one report of
a rabies tag filed from a dog's col-
lar-all within 24 hours, yester-
day.
Top 'Ensian
Men Named
Art Mancl and Bill Graham
were named editor-in-chief
and business manager, respec-
tively, of the '49 'Ensian by the
Board in Control of Student
Publications yesterday.
As a true descendant of
Frank Lloyd Wright, Manel, a
senior in the architecture col-
lege from Riverside, Ill., prom-
ises that next year's 'Ensian
will definitely be "in keeping
with the terrain." He is affil-
iated with Beta Theta Pi.
Graham, a junior in the lit-
erary college from Malden,
Mass., was promoted from cir-
culation manager. He is affil-
iated with Phi Gamma Delta.
Orator Says
Pej udice Is
Declining
Says Better Relations
Marked for Future
Group discrimination was de-
scribed as a receding force in
America by Dr. Frank Loesher.
of the American Friends Service
Committee, in a lecture yesterday.
Dr. Loesher's talk struck an
optimistic closing note to the two-
day Institute on Cultural Conflict
held on campus. Speaking on the
outlook for future group relations,
Dr. Loescher declared, "There are
many more good signs' than bad
on the horizon."
As evidence, Dr. Loescher
pointed to the increasing pop-
ularity of the problem with lib-
erals as seen in literature, on
the radio and in the movies.
The result has been an increase
in social action organizations,
some with extensive funds, he
said.
Interested social scientists and
other trained leaders are creating
a better informed citizenry, he ex-
plained. Prof. Loescher also saw
hope in the relaxed employment
rules of colleges and labor unions,
previously closed to certain mi-
nority groups.
Worst offender in respect to
segregation is the military, ac-
cording to Dr. Loescher. He named
housing segregation as another
field where slight progress had
been made.
Prof. Loescher cautioned that
depression or war could change
the trend of improvement in
group relations. This would
come about, he said, from the
economic conflict or group seg-
regation coincident with these
situations.
Earlier in the day Dr. Herbert
Seamans, of the National Confer-
ence of Christians and Jews,
termed anti-semitism in colleges
more a reflection of folkways
than explicit restrictions. The lat-
ter type is found in quotas and
employment regulations, e add-
ed.
SRA, IRA and Inter-Guild will
sponsor a talk on "Non-Violence
in Race Relations" by author
George Hauser at 7:30 p.m. Tues-
day in Lane Hall.
Urge Teachin g
Of Communism
EAST LANSING, April 17-
(/P)-Courses at Michigan State
College that teach the theory of
communism were defended today
by college authorities.
At the same time, MSC Presi-
dent John A. Hannah and Dean of
Students Stanley E. Crowe denied
charges by state legislators that
there are communists on the col-
lege teaching staff.
"There is certainly no indoc-
trination of communism being'
taught on this campus," Hannah
declared "and you're not doing
much of a job at any college if
you don't make he economic, poli-
tical and social philosophies of all
types of government available to
the students.
Says U.S. Foreign Policy Success
Dependent on Domestic Economy
,a
WASHINGTON, April 17-(!P)
he nation's economy "is in serious
manded enactment of his anti-in
fore it is too late."
The President, in an addressr
of Newspaper Editors, said the suc
pends to a large extent upon the str
economy.
"We are striving to avoid an
prosperity while we still have it.
crisis by being firm before it is
too late," he told the editors.
"The plain fact is, however," Mr.
Truman said, "that our economy
is in serious danger as a result of
nigh prices and inflation."
Mr: Truman recommended a 10-
oint economic program to Con-
,ress last November, including
htand-by price, wage and ration-
ng controls. He also asked for
,urbs on credit.
Considering all factors, he said,
the danger of inflation has not
iiminished within the last few
nonths. On the contrary, he said,
;he need for his 10-point program
is "even more urgent."
"It seems to me," he asserted,
"that the basic question is clear.
It is whether we take action in
time to do so good or whether
we delay until a crisis is upon
us It is simply a matter of tak-
ing out insurance before the
house catches fire."
The President said the Ameri-
can people must not be misled by
those who oppose a reasonable
anti-inflation program and a rea-
sonable defense program.
"It has been said that the pre-
sent administration is trying to
create an economic crisis or an in-
ternational crisis," he said. "The
exact opposite is the truth."
The President mentioned the
rise in steel prices, the income tax
reduction voted by Congress, and
the coal strike as factors to be
considered in the economic pro-
gram
Taft Asserts
Impracticality
Of World State
CLEVELAND, April 17-(A')-
Senator Robert A. Taft opened
his Ohio primarycampaign to-
night with an assertion that a
"world super-state" would be "ut-
terly dangerous, impractical and
ridiculous" at this time.
He chose foreign policy as his
topic for a speech tonight before
the Ohio League of Young Repub-
lican clubs. It was the opening of
a drive to stop the acivancing poli-
tical tide of Harold E. Stassen,
short of the borders of Taft's
home state,
The Ohio Senator acknowledg-
ed in a news conference earlier in
the day that he had a "serious
fight" and a "good fight" on his
hands before the May 4 Ohio pri-
mary, but said "things generally
were favorable."
Stassen is contesting for 23 of
the 53 Ohio delegates to the Re-
publican national convention.
Taft has a full slate in the field.
"I am as much opposed to a
world super-state as I am in fav-
or of a sound association of na-
tions," said Taft, "because I feel
that it would defeat the very pur-
pose of all foreign policy-the
freedom of our own people.
Group Phans
Trip to Europe
A special meeting for all stud-
ents interested in European work
projects this summer will be held
early next week in response to
the overwhelming reply to the re-
cent announcement of a proposed
England trip.
Over one hundred Michigan
students have expressed an inter-
est in the National Student's As-
-President Truman said tonight
danger" from high prices. He de-
flation program immediately "be-
prepared for the American Society
:ess of American foreign policy de-
ength and stability of the domestic
economic crisis by protecting our
We are striving to avoid a war
Strike Threat
Looms Near
At Auto Plant
Negotiations Fruitless
In Other Industries
By The Associated Press
A threatened Auto Workers
strike against Chrysler Corpora-
tion boiled up Saturday on the
nation's turbulent labor horizon.
Elsewhere, there were other
major developments:
1-Negotiations to end the 33
day old nationwide CO meat
handlers strike bogged down in
nearly half the industry.
2-John L. Lewis demanded
that the government call of f the
coal strike-stop order he is ac-
cused of violating.
Union representatives of 75,000
Chrysler Corp. employes asked the
executive board of the CIO United
Auto Workers for strike approval,
after rejecting an offer of a six
cents hourly wage boost. The un-
ion is demanding 3 cents n ,
raise from Chrysler-five cents
more than is being asked of other
companies. No strike date has
been set.
The wage offer was the auto-
motive industry's first this year.
It was made as an 11th hour
gesture after wage talks, under
way since Feb. 27, reportedly be-
came deadlocked Wednesday. The
UAW also has started bargaining
with General Motors and several
smaller firms.
Two of thecountry's "Big Four"
meat packers-Armour and Wil-
son-announced they were stand-
ing pat on their offer of a nine
cents hourly wage increase. The
CIO United Packinghouse Work-
ers Union is demanding a 29 cents
raise.
Armour said it would attempt
to resume operations without a
strike settlement "as rapidly as
we can obtain personnel." Wilson
said no further negotiations are
in prospect.
Arabs Ignore
United Nations
Peace Order
NEW YORK, April 17-(P)-An
immediate halt in the Palestine
fighting was ordered by the
United Nations Security Council
today, but dispatches from the °,
Middle East indicated the Arab
countries are intensifying their
aid to forces in the Holy Land
rather than halting it.
Jewish representatives here also
made it clear they have little be-
lief the Council's cease-fire order
will be effective.
An Arab source in Cairo said
King Abdullah of Trans-Jordon
had released part of the 12,000
men in the Arab Legion to fight
the Jews. Britain had told the UN
the Arab Legion, now under Brit-
ish command in Palestine, would
be sent back to 'Trans-Jordan be-
fore the mandate is ended May
15.
Another report said a force of
Egyptian volunteers would go to
southern Palestine next week to
enter the fight.
These developments indicated
the emergency Palestine session
of the UN assembly will be con-
Truman Asks for
Immuediate Move
To Stop Inflation,
By ANDEE SEEGER
Italian students here were quite
certain when contacted yesterday
that the Communists would not
win the election.
Zorac Organschi, '48, : said,
"From what I saw in Italy last
summer, I think the Communist
Party is losing and falling off
steadily." Organschi pointed out
that the Communists have been
defeated in every major issue on
the new Italian constitution,
Organschi stated that the Com-
munists hold no important posi-
cited instances in which a liberal
or rightest rally had been describ-
ed as Communistic, and in which
reporters had lumped the moder-
ate leftist groups with the Com-
munists.
He referred especially to the
city of Leghorn, which he called a
common joke in, Italy. The city is
Communistic, not at all represen-
tative of the rest of Tuscany.
American newsmen like to go
there because American troops
are stationed nearby, and they as-
sume that it is typical of Tuscany.
'TO MAINTAIN THE PEACE':
World Police Force T rRecruit Here
4 eBy RBE ZWE RLING\ 'C '\
Signers of the resolution willI
all peoples of the world the pres-I
1'