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VOL. LVI, No. 135
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Grain Ceiling Prices
Jumped in Attempt To
Solve Food Problem
Sir John Orr Calls for Five-Year Plan
For Alleviation of International Famine
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, May 8 - The government announced jumps in the
ceiling prices of wheat, corn and other grain and livestock feeds tonight
in a new effort to remedy the food situation at home and abroad.
The increases of. 25 cents a bushel for corn, 15 cents for wheat, five
cents for oats, nine cents for barley, and 10 cents for rye, will become ef-
fective May 13. One purpose is to get grain for famine areas.
The action was announced in a joint statement by the Office of Eco-
nomic Stabilization, the Agriculture Department and the Office of Price
Administration at the close of a day that saw these other developments
bearing on the world food picture:
---------------_ - 1. The White House announced that
Herbert Morrison, Lord President of
Byrnes Asks the Council in the British cabinet, is
coming here this weekend to take up
Cowith President Truman new propos-
als for meeting the hunger crisis
abroad. The grain price increases
P arlewere announced after diplomatic in-
formants had said he might urge
against such tactics.
Would Defer Problem 2. Sir John Orr, director general
of the United Nations Food and Ag-
Until June Conference riculture Organiation, called for an
PARTIS, M ay 8--(U)-U.S. Secretaryinternational four or five-year plan
of State James F. Byrnes proposedf hp g a
abruptly tonight that the Conference ,. 3. President Truman and the Brit-
of Foreign Ministers recognize its ish and Canadian Prime Ministers
failure to agree on terms for Europe's announced that the combined food
peace treaties and refer their differ- board will be continued until next
ences to a 21-nation Peace confer- Dec. 31 and longer if necessary, in
once Jne 15view of the critical food situation.
The Ministers' conference appeared It had been thought the board might
to be breaking up in discord between wind up its work by June 30.
the Soviet Union and the western The grain and feed price hikes
powers, and a member of the Ameri- were aimed to remove uncertainty
can delegation said that while it concerning price ceilings between
probably would last into next week, now and June 30, 1947, and encour-
there seemed little hope of resolving age movement of grain for foreign
the major differences. and home use.
Russia Disapproves The government will end payment
Byrnes' proposal won prompt sup- of a 30-cent per bushel bonus on
port from both Foreign Secretary corn, offered to get the grain off
Ernest Bevin of Britain and Foreign farms for famine relief purposes, af-
Minister Georges Bidault of France. ter next Saturday. The 30-cent wheat
But Soviet Foreign Minister Vyache- bonus for the same purpose will con-
slav M. Molotov demurred. tinue until May 25, as oiginally sche-
"At Moscow," Byrnes was quoted by duled. Both the bonus and the 15-
an American source as saying, "there cent increase for wheat will apply
was a promise to the world that we during the May 13-25 period.
will have a peace conference. We Diplomats said Morrison would be
must carry out that promise, That deeply concerned in his White House
will betheybest celebration the world talks with preventing the world food
can have on V-E Day." crisis from playing into the hands of
No Rubber Stamp Communists in Europe -- particu
American sources said Byrnes cited larly in France, Italy and Germany,
as the American position a pledge _ _
at the Moscow Conference last De-
emnber by the Big Three to the IFU S w sorts
French-that the European Peace [
Conference would be no "rubber
stamp" but would have the real pur- apaign To
pose of advising the major powers.
Thus, Byrnes was said to have point- t e
ed out, there was no real need for u s
the foreign ministers to achieve com-
plete accord. Representatives to the Inter-Fra-
Molotov was said to have disagreed, ternity Council, the central organi-
aserting that the Big Three deci- zation for all fraternities on campus,
sion in Moscow required the major voted support to the Famine Com-
powers to draw up complete joint mittee's waste elimination campaign
drafts of treaties for submission to last night.
the 21-nation conference. The council also recommended that
Byrnes had put forth the pro- each house take immediate action on
posal when the ministers split once the rest of the committee's food con-
again-this time on the question of servation program, which also in-
Italian reparations. It was understood voves cutting bread from, one meal
Molotov was wiring his government each day and observing famine-day
for instructions, and that Bidault every Tuesday. Results of this recom-
and Bevin were doing likewise. mendation will be turned in to the
---------- Famine Committee at the end of
USedsSthe week.
c S pltAt a meeting this week, the faculty
of the literary college also voted ap-
On K orea Issue proval of the program and recom-
mended that faculty members and
their families follow programs of food
Negotiations Collapse conservation.
University President Alexander G.
Over Rights of People Ruthven has made the following
statement about the program: "I
SEOUL, May 8-(/P) - American- heartily approve of the students' plan
Soviet negotiations for establishment to conserve food in the interests of
of a provisional Korean government the starving millions in the whole
collapsed tonight over the issue of world. Certainly it is the least we
free speech for Koreans. can do to assist in the emergency."
The Russian-American commission A meeting of guild and house dele-
which had been meeting here for gates to the Famine Committee will
seven weeks adjourned without fixing be held at 4:30 p.m. today in Lane
a date for resumption of negotiations Hall.
ROCKET:
Scientists
To Watchi
V1-2 Test
An Army-conducted experiment
with a reassembled German V-2 rock-
et will be observed by representatives
of the University's science faculty
tomorrow at White Sands, N.M. prov-
ing grounds, it was learned yesterday
The Army's announced purpose is
to perfect larger and faster projec-
tiles of American design, with an eye
toward advancement that may mark
the end of conventional type artillery.
Captured in War
The rockets were captured in the
final stages of the war, dismantled
and sent to the United States where
they were reassembled by General
Electric Co. with the aid of some
German experts who volunteered to
come here for that purpose.
GI Rocketeers, as the first guided
missile battalion of the Anti-Air-
craft is known, will launch the thir-
teen-ton rocket at a speed of 3,600
miles an hour. It is hoped that the
stratospheric giant will soar 100
miles into space, almost double the
distance reached by German-hurled
missiles.
Radar two-way sets, long-range
telescopes and decontaminating
equipment will trace the massive
projectiles during the automatically
piloted flight, frorn the test nerve-
center, a bomb proof blockhouse with
steel enforced concrete walls and a
27-foot cone shaped roof.
Panel to Participate
Along with the University repre-
sentatives, delegates from- Princeton,
Harvard, and Johns Hopkins Univer-
sities, the Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, the General Electric Co.
and the Army Signal Corps will com-
prise a nine-man panel to co-ordin-
ate all scientific data on the upper
stratosphere. The group will be
headed by Dr. E. H. Krause of the
Naval Research Laboratory.
British Loan.
Clears Major
Senate Hurdle
WASHINGTON, May 8-(P)-The
British loan proposal barely cleared
its first major hurdle in the Senate
today and Majority Leader Barkley
(D.-Ky.) expressed hope of its pass-
age tomorrow to make way for res-
cue of the expiring draft law.
Supporters of the $3,750,000,000
loan voted down, 45 to 40, an amend-
ment that would have required the
British to give title to the United
States on Atlantic bases now held
under 99-year lease.
The next test will come tomorrow
on a motion by Senator Edwin C.
Johnson (D.-Colo.) to switch the
legislation over to the House on the
ground that it is revenue-raising and
should originate there.
The draft will expire May 15 under
present law.
Senator Gurney (R.-S. D.), who
has been leading the fight to extend
the draft the full year asked by the
administration, said he expects the
extension to clear Congress before
the deadline.
But a demand that the Senate act
first on labor disputes legislation un-
less the coal strike ends tomorrow
has been made by Senator Knowland
(R.-Calif.) and others.
In the House, Rep. Elliott said
Congress should stay in "day and
night session" until legislation af-
fecting the coal strike has been
passed.
The House Military Committee rec-
ommended a bill giving enlisted men
the same terminal pay benefits now
received by officers, but to drop the
payments for both classes in the fu-
ture.
Congress sent to the White House
a bill providing for the return to this
country of bodies of the war dead, if
relatives desire it.
NoProgress i ak
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, May 8 - A far flung dimout was urged by the gov-
ernment tonight, and steps were in preparation for nation-wide rationing
of manufactured gas as the coal strike crisis moved rapidly toward per-
haps 'the most momentous showdown in the country's peacetime history.
The Civilian Production Administration called on electric companies
in more than a score of eastern and midwestern states to put into effect a
rationing system, starting with a "brownout" and progressing to a blackout
of all except the most vital services.
CPA prepared another order authorizing the rationing of manufac-
tured gas where necessary. Expected
Noide Dimout Urged, CPA
Takes Ste ps To Ration Gas as Coal
Situation A roaches Showdown
LEWIS ADDRESSES POLICY COMMITTEE .. . John L. Lewis, presi-
dent of the United Mine Workers, stands in front of an American flag
as he addresses the union's 250-man policy committee in Washington.
A federal conciliator said the committee was considering a government
proposal to end the coal strike.
UN Couicil Snubbed by Soviet;
Act-ion oIran 1issueDlay ed
NEW YORI , May U -3'(IP)}Soviet
Russia snubbed the United Nations
Security Council today on two counts
on the Iranian issue and the Coun-
cil then postponed (tonideration off
the case.
Great Britain's delegate, Sir Alex-
ander Cadogan, bluntly characterized
the absence of Soviet delegate Andrei
A. Gromyko from the Council cham-
ber as an "evasion of responsibility
or obligation."
Austr alia's representative, Paul
Hasluck, demanded that the Council
or some competent United Nations
body clarify the entire veto issue
and the action to be taken when a
member delegate absents himself
from the Council deliberations.
The 10 sitting delegates adopted a
resolution proposed by Edward .
Stettinius, Jr., United States dele-
gate, calling on Iran to report by
May 20, or sooner if possible, on the
withdrawal of Red troops from Iran.
The Council on April 4 had re-
quested both Russia and Iran to make
such a report by May 6. The dele-
Felicitations,
Mr. Presiden
WASHINGTON, May 8-(/P)--Pres-
ident Truman was 62 today but he
didn't do much to celebrate the oc-
casion.
He did attend a gay bufet lunch-
eon in the office of Attorney General
Clark where members of the Supreme
Court and of his cabinet sid "happy
birthday" to him.
"Ise Piesident also made a speech
opening a National Highw ay Safety
Conference, got in some licks on
another he will deliver at Fordhamn
University in New York City Satur-
day, urged all Americans, on the first
anniversary of V-E Day to si
quickly and fully ol)portunites "to
build a just, secure and peaceful
Along the way, the President
squeezed in a few practice tosses on
the horse shoe pitching court outside
his office.
ates pointed out today that Russia
had i .no red the councril on two
1. Delegate Andrei A. Gromyko
was absent from the session.
2. No report had been received from
Russia on the Iranian case.
Goveriunffg Body
To Meet Today
Conlgress Will Elect
Members to Cabinet
Student Congress will convene for
the first time at 7:30 p.m. today in
the Union and elect seven of its
members to the Student Cabinet, exe-
cutive body of the new campus stu-
dent government.
Harry Jackson, president of Men's
Judiciary Council will call the meet-
ing to order and start Congress on
its way to electing an executive body
and president as provided in the
Congress-Cabinet constitution. The
meeting will be open to the public.
Student Cabinet members to be
selected from among the 18 winning
congressmen in the all-campus elec-
tion will fill the posts of president,
vice-president, recording secretary,
corresponding secretary, treasurer,
and two delegates at large.
The president, chief executive un-
der the Congress-Cabinet plan, will
preside over all future meetings of
both the Cabinet and the Congress.
The Congress will henceforth meet
at least once a month and the Cabi-
net once a week under present pro-
vision, of the Constitution.
to be issued tomorrow, it provides that
companies making such gas may, at
their discretion, curtail service to con-
sumers.
Simultaneously, the Association of
American Railroads announced that
400,000 men employed in industries
served by the railroads have been
laid off as a result of the strike.
With the paralyzing effects of the
fuel shortage spreading rapidly
throughout the economic system it
became apparent that some sort of
"break" would have to come soon.
There was yet no change in the
stalemated negotiations between John
L. Lewis and mine operators. "No
progress" was the report on the day's
talks.
Ask Loan Delay
A group of Congress members
moved for quick action on strike
control legislation. Senator Eastland
(D-Miss.) Announced to the Senate
that he and others would seek to-
morrow to put aside the British loan
legislation to take up the Senate
version of the Case Bill passed by
the House. Eastland described the
Senate Labor Committee's version of
the bill as "milk and water" but
served, notice that an attempt would
be made to put "teeth" in it.
Majority Leader Barkley (D-Ky.)
told reporters hie would resist any at-
tempt to take up labor legislation
until the British loan and draft ex-
tension legislation are out of the way.
Situation Critical
John D. Small, Civilian Production
Administrator, issued the warning
about the emergency coal stocks. His
statement did not mean that the na-
tion would run out of soft coal com-
pletely in 12 hours. It referred mere-
ly to emergency stocks under con-
trol of the government, but Small
emphasized that the whole situa-
tion is critical.
"A complete breakdown in the flow
of illuminating gas, electricity and
water to a large number of the na-
tion's homes" is threatened, he said
in a statement.
As for food processing plants, Small
said they should "use every possible
means to restrict consumption of
coal and of utility service dependent
upon coal."
Local Housing
Chances Slim
Ann Arbor's chances of getting a
600-single-family housing develop-
ment seemed slim, yesterday accord-
ing to Charles Clark, Ypsilanti repre-
sentative of Henry Kaiser's west-
coast contracting combine.
Clark said he had received no word
from the west coast regarding Mayor
William E. Brown's letter last month
asking the Kaiser company to pro-
vide housing for 600 of their 15,000
automobile workers in Ann Arbor.
The automobile company has an-
nounced that it began hiring work-
ers at the rate of 1,000 a month May
1. Clark said that his unit was pre-
paring to construct 300 small houses
in Willow Run to house them. Even-
tually, he said, the Kaiser contracting
company expects to construct "a
couple of thousand" houses in Wil-
low Run.
Michigan Tally
Of Coal Supply
Begins Today
Voluntary 'Brownout'
Will Be Law June 2
As Michigan began a state-wide
inventory of coal supplies yesterday,
Robert R. Brown, district manager
of the Detroit Edison Co., said that
the local "brownout" will remain on
a voluntary basis unless enforced by
law.
Unless the Public Service Commis-
sion orders the curtailment of elec-
tricity, the "brownout" won't be
strictly enforced until the City Coun-
cil ordinance goes into effect on June
2, according to Brown.
No drastic action will be taken "un-
less the power supply gets so low that
we will be able to supply only hospi-
tals, water works, sewage plants and
other public health utilities," he said.
Brown indicted that he thought the
voluntary curtailment on power use
would prove satisfactory "since it
worked all right during the war."
In Lansing, officials of both the
Consumers Power Co. and Detroit
Edison Co. told the Public Service
Commission that coal supplies on
hand will last only through May 21.
The Associated Press reports that
Governor Harry Kelly has directed
Capt. Donald E. Leonard, State Di-
rector of the Office of Civilian De-
fense, to survey coal piles throughout
Michigan. The Governor has ordered
the darkening of the Capital dome.
Train Runs Reduced
To Conserve Coal
Discontinuance of three passenger
train runs and a sharp curtailment
of freight rail service will go into ef-
fect at 12:01 a.m. tomorrow as rail-
roads running through Ann Arbor
begin to conserve coal supplies.
Local railroad officials said yester-
day that both east and west bound
passenger runs will be reduced and
freight and railway express ship-
ments will be limited to such critical
cargos as fuel, food and medical sup-
plies.
The cancelled west-bound passen-
ger trains will be:
8:11 a.m.-No. 33, the Michigan to
Chicago. This will be combined with
the west-bound at 8:46 a.m.
3:17 p.m.-No. 323 to Chicago.
12:33a.m.-the Motor City to Chi-
cago. This will be combined with.the
west-bound at 1:23 a.m.
Cancelled east-bound trains will be:
4:17 a.m.-No. 364.
7:01 a.m.-the Motor City, to be
combined with train No. 316 arriving
at 6:11 a.m.
12:28 p.m.-the Michigan.
Katter, Rich Win
Speech Contest
Nafe Katter and Samuel Rich,
sophomores from Saginaw and Rock-
away Park, New York, were selected
as the two best speakers in all speech
31 classes at the final contest yester-
day.
Choosing a "National Danger to
Peace" and the' "Battle is Day by
Day" for titles of their speeches,
Katter and Rich discussed a cur-
rent and dangerous mass hysteria'
that could involve the UniteddStates
in conflict with Russia, and day by
day congressional action that aims,
n"A n -m 4 --nn n41 7 . ...l
and the Russian delegation packed
its bags for departure.
A U. S. Army press release blamed
the breakdown on Russian refusal to
deal with Korean groups and parties
opposed to Allied trusteeship over the
liberated country and said the Rus-
sians demanded what amounted to a
political purge of all leaders who had
ever voiced "honestly and openly"
their preference for immediate inde-
pendence.
The Russians also refused, the
Army announcement said, to consid-
er an American proposal for aboli-
tion of the 38th parallel boundary,
which splits Korea into Russian and
American zones and had hampered
COMMITTEE WAITS:
revival of Senior Swim-Out
Depends on Student Demand
Price Control Alone Will Not
Solve Inflation Problem--Haber
Revival of Senior Swing-out, one
of the oldest of senior class tradi-
tions, is now dependent on student
demand.
After considering requests for the
reinstatement of the commencement
custom, the Student Affairs Commit-
tee s eeideci a stdeint no inion
seniors first appear in their caps and
gowns, was for many years the in-
auguration of . all senior activities.
Ihousands of people each year watch-
ed the colorful procession of seniors
being led by the marching band
across the diagonal to Hill Auditor-
Although not in favor of price con-
trol as a peace-time mechanism, Prof.
William Haber of the economics de-
reduction in the expenses of govern-
ment.
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