THE MTCHTAAN ILY - SUNDAY, JANUANY 2,
Fifty-Sixth Year
WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND:
What's What of Strike Issues
1jz
7 1
Edited and managed by students of the University of
Michigan under the authority of the Board of Control
of Student Publications.
Editorial Stall
Ray Dixon . . . . . . . . Managing Editor
Robert Goldman . . . . . . . . . City Editor
Betty Roth............Editorial Director
Margaret Farmer . . . . . . . . Associate Editor
Arthur J. Kraft . . . . . . . . . Associate Editor
Bill Mullendore . . . ... . . Sports Editor
Mary Lu Heath . . . . . . Associate Sports Editor
Ann Schutz . . . . . . . . . . Women's Editor
Dona Guimaraes . . . . Associate Women's Editor
Business Staff
Dorothy Flint
Joy Altman
.. . . . . . . Business Manager
. . . . . . Associate Business Mgr.
Telephone 23-24-1
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Member, Associated Collegiate Press, 1945-46
NIGHT EDITOR: CHARLOTTE BOBRECKER
Editorials published in The Michigan Ddily
are written by members of The Daily staff
and represent the views of the writers only.
Educators' Job
IN A RECENT editorial in The Daily a writer
maintained that American schools are.doing
a competent job of teaching youth respect and
understanding for all nations. Prejudices, the
writer claims, develop from outside sources such
as the home and are not the result of educational
institutions.
Granted that the schools may not be doing
any directed teaching of intolerance and con-
tempt for other peoples, they are missing a
wonderful opportunity to combat and eradicate
many misconceptions which breed intolerance.
It is unfortunate that in the United States edu-
cation is sO closely tied to public opinion. Schools
are never free to pursue their activities unac-
companied by the suffocating effects of mis-
informed and bigoted public officials, parents,
and administrators.
This would indicate that we need more adult
education classes and more formal duscussion
groups among people who have not seen the in-
side of a school room for many years.
While education may not be the panacea for
removing the ills of mankind, too many people
are dismissing the schools with the mere shrug,
"They are doing all they can."
As Professor John F. Ebelke, of Wayne Uni-
versity, points out in a recent article in The
American Teacher, "The Nazis were quick to
realize that the logical point of attack for infil-.
tration of their ideology was the youth of the
nation. Even a casual examination of German
textbooks of the Hitler era will reveal how thor-
oughly the ground had been prepared for in-
doctrination by the subtle building up of Nordic
supremacy and breaking down of non-Germanic
cultures."
Education has a responsibility for acquaint-
ing citizens within the nation with the agencies
for international action - their importance,
their characteristics, their functions, and their
achievements and failures.
Professor Howard E. Wilson, of Harvard, in a
National Society for the Study of Education
pamphlet points out three specific fields in which
American schools have not fulfilled their duties:
Many ludicrous and tragic mistakes have been
made in the rapid extension of Latin American
studies in the schools. In the immediate future
the curriculum should be improved by less gen-
eralization about Latin America as a whole and
more specific attention to different cultural
groups and regions in Latin America. The pres-
ent over-emphasis on the exotic and picturesque,
on the rural as contrasted with the urban, and
on the antiquarian as contrasted with the cur-
rent aspects of Latin American life must be
remedied.
The field of Asiatic studies illustrates a
domestic relation of foreign area studies which
must not be ignored. The study of Asia is not
merely an intellectual analysis of a culture
geographically and socially remote; it involves
education in human relations among different
groups on both the international and national
scenes.
A third area of almost unlimited significance
in world affairs, and one concerning which our
educational program is thoroughly deficient is
that of the Soviet Union. We teach little about
the Soviet Union; it is almost fair to say that
the schools and colleges of the country have not
yet altered the policy of non-recognition which
the government followed during the 1920's. Vast
numbers of American pupils go through high
school, and even college, without any systematic
study of Russia.
Yes, the schools may be doing a fair job in
teaching youth respect and understanding.
By DREW PEARSON
WASHINGTON-Whether by design or other-
wise, labor has deluged the poor public with
so many strikes at one time that it takes a
specialist to know what they're all about. For
non-specialist readers, here's a bird's-eye view
of the strikes picture.
Telephone strike-this is the hardest of all to
understand. Its wheels within wheels baffle even
the experts. Three unions are involved, none of
them CIO. Chief striking union is the Western
Electric Employees Assoiation, recently declared
a company union by an examiner of the National
Labor Relations Board. NLRB is labor's best
friend, has been kicked around by business for
years. But when the NLRB examiner made his
ruling last fall, phone girls all over the nation
staged a brief walk-out in protest. It is doubtful
if many of them knew the real reason behind
their walk-out.
The Western Electric union is now striking
fur higher wages. They make phones and
electrical equipment installed by the Associ-
ation of Communications Equipment Workers
who have now struck in sympathy. They are
also demanding higher wages.
Phone girls belong to the National Federation
of Telephone Workers, who proposed a nation-
wide strike but postponed it for 30 days. This
strike was to be largely in sympathy with West-
ern Electric workers and the telephone instal-
lation workers; though in some areas, such as
Washington, there are local grievances.
Joseph A. Beirne, president of the phone
girls, has stated publicly that a strike poll
taken of phone girls, was intended to win them
a $2-a-day increase, in addition to sympathiz-
ing with striking installation (ACEW) and
production (WEEA) workers. However, the
results of this poll have not been made public
as this is written, and many phone girls don't
seem in agreement with their national leader-
ship.
Western Union - This is another complicated
strike. Basically it is a jurisdictional row be-
tween CIO and AFL, affecting New York only.
CIO Western Union workers got a wage increase
of $4,500,000 from the regional War Labor Board.
AFL Western Union workers got $2500,000. When
these awards came before the National War
Labor Board, however, it trimmed down the
award to CIO and upped the award to AFL.
Naturally, CIO viewed this as favoritism. It
made their future job of organizing against AFL
harder. So CIO refused to accept the revised
award and struck.
Meat Packing - This involves two unions -
190,000 CIO and about 75,000 AFL-in what
is on the whole a low-paid industry. Wartime
wages averaged $42 for a 48-hour week, but,
with no overtime, have now dropped to $30.
The industry is considered hazardous, with
employees working in below-zero temperatures.
Unions demand 17 cents per hour increase;
industry offers 7% cents. The big four packers
- Swift, Armour, Cudahy and Wilson - paid an
excess profits tax of $70,000,000 in 1944. Gen-
erally speaking, the packing industry is not in
the gilt-edged profit class. Smaller packers op-
Philip pine Relief
THE DRIVE for funds to aid the University of
the Philippines is now underway and will last
until Jan. 26.
A few weeks ago we, the students of the Uni-
versity of Michigan, voted to adopt a foreign
university. We chose to aid the University of
the Philippines, and now we have a chance to
prove that we really meant what we said. Our
goal is set at $7,500, and we must see that it is
reached.
In aiding the Philippines we are not giving
charity, but are repaying a debt our nation
owes to the Filipinos for keeping faith with us
during the war. Many American lives were
saved by Filipino guerilla bands and under-
ground workers. The majority of the Filipino
soldiers on Bataan were graduates of the Uni-
versity of the Philippines. American bombers
rained a great deal of destruction on the Philip-
pine Islands.
By aiding the University of the Philippines,.
the university of the Far East most patterned
after American universities, we will be aiding a
bulwark of democracy. Chaplain Fernando
Laxamona, native of the Philippines, predicts
that the University of the Philippines will supply
its country with the educated people it needs to
make democracy work. He pointed out that on
July 4, when the Islands receive their indepen-
dence, many other small nations will be watch-
ing to see what a fellow nation can accomplish
with a democratic government and what educa-
tion can do to make a nation a success.
There has long been a friendly feeling be-
tween the University of Michigan and the Uni-
versity of the Philippines. Most of the pro-
fessors at the University of the Philippines are
graduates of our University. . Several of our
professors have been exchange professors at
the University of the Philippines, and several
of their professors have come here. Now we
have a chance to prove to these people who
have suffered so much that we are their real
friends in the time of need.
-Doris West
erate on a narrower margin, and the big pack-
ers make more on their by-products. U.S. gov-
ernment offered to pay more for meat it buys,
but doesn't want to increase price to the house-
wife. This was refused.
Electrical Workers - 200,000 CIO workers in
80 plants of General Electric, Westinghouse and
General Motors are involved. They are asking
30 per cent increase, but would take the 19%
cents proposed by the General Motors fact-find-
ing commission.
Auto Workers - About 175,000 C1O auto
workers struck two months ago in General
Motors' plants. .Ford and Chrysler workers
are still negotiating. Their continued pro-
duction, while General Motors marks time, is
beginning to hurt GM markets. Workers de-
mand 30 per cent increase. Government's fact-
finding board proposes 19 cents, which the
workers would accept. GM offers six cents
less. General Motors, owned by the DuPonts,
is considered one of the toughest companies
from a labor viewpoint.
Steel - This is the bellwether for other in-
dustry. Whichever way the cat 'junips in this
controversy, other strike tie-ups will probably
do likewise.
Steelworkers were reduced from $56, when
overtime stopped, to $43. They demanded a
25 cents an hour increase to make up for this,
came down to 18 cents, and have accepted the
President's compromise of 18/a cents. U.S. Steel,
which sets, the pace for the rest of the steel in-
dustry, is willing to grant 15 cents an hour.
The entire steel industry netted $2,000,000,000
in profits during the war, after paying taxes.
This was 276 per cent over the 1935-39 period.
Government estimates indicate 1946 profits
will be three times greater than the annual
pre-war average. Steel industry counters that
its margins are low and that chief profits come
from by-prducts, such as ship-building, ce-
ment.
(Copyright, 1946, by the Bell Syndicate, Inc.)
FM 1V41OOKS
IN TH
GENLRAL LIBRARY
Botkin, Benjamin Albert - Lay My Burden
Down: a folk history of slavery. .Chicago,
University of Chicago Press, 1945.
What does it mean to be a Slave? What does
it mean to be free? Editor Botkin has collected
in this volume excerpts from the verbal. and
written autobiographies of slaves. Their stories
are the strongest arguments against slavery.
These stories are the first attempt by the Ne-
groes to write their own 'history. They have
been selected from The Slave Narrative Col-
lection of The Federal Writers' Project.
Brinton, Crane - The United States and Brit-
ain. Cambridge, Harvard University Press,
1945.
In this volume. which forms part of The
American Foreign Policy Library, Mr. Brinton
has treated impartially the relations between
The United States and Britain. He discusses
the problem principally with relation to the cre-
ation of a World State and with relation to the
psychological factors involved. Mr. Brinton has
prefaced his discussion with excellent back-
ground material and has included useful statis-
tical tables, a bibliography and maps, all of
which help in understanding of the text.
Nash, Ogden - Many Long Years Ago. . Boston,
Little, Brown, 1945.
Ogden Nash has selected from volumes of his
poetry, published before 1938, the poems he
wishes to have available for his public. He has
added thirty-one poems which have never been
published.
Peattie, Donald Culross - Immortal Village,
Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1945.
Mr. Peattie here relates a brief history of the
provencal town of Vence. The history begins
with the Middle Ages, and follows through the
revolution and empire down to the present. The
woodblock illustrations by Paul Landacre deserve
special mention.
Reves, Emery - The Anatomy of Peace. New
York, Harper, 1945.
Mr. Reves is convinced that the future of
world peace and freedom lies in a strong world
government, with power to establish a system of
universal law and to limit national sovereignty.
The argument is presented with force and clarity.
The book should be read by all who believe in a
world organization, so that they may fully i'ealize
the obstacles which nations must overcome be-
fore a successful world systei can be established.
Sinclair, Upton - Dragon Harvest. New York,
Viking, 1945
Upton Sinclair once said of Hitler and Musso-
lini, "These two foxes are my quarry, and I hope
to hang their brushes over my mantel." He has
lived to do just that. In this novel which con-
tinues the adventures of Lanny Budd, Mr. Sin-
clair covers the critical days from Munich to
the fall of Paris, when a waiting world watched
the German Wehrmacht roll over Europe.
Dominie Says
A SCORE of incidents can be found
any morning to show how the
profit drive shortens mercy. Few of
them would be nation wide as is the
case of the Federal Grand Jury
against the Limb Manufacturers (See
case by Attorney General Clarke).
Indictments against this association
of forty-five corporations to fix
"high, artificial, unreasonable, and
non-competitive prices" on artificial
legs and arms, as we see virtue, tops
all of the incidents of callowness in
our generation. Here is a ten million
dollar project to make profit by pre-
venting cripples, most of whom have
been maimed as patriots defending
the nation, from getting artificial
limbs at low cost. (See Nation, March
10th).
Is it not dramatically shown that
justice, mercy, charity, brother-
hood, and interest in the weaker
members of society are at war with
the private right to make profit?
Of course the issue is not so clear
when a quarter of a million men
take the future of their families in
their hands and bargain by strike
against a multi-million dollar cor-
poration. However, two social goals
are specific, (1) Christian graces
always lead in one direction and
(2) the getting of profit in that
economy we call free enterprise
often leads in the opposite direc-
tion. On occasion as in the case
of making and selling luxuries or
marketing non-personal materials,
the economy may serve both the
men who constitute the demand
and those who constitute the sup-
ply. Such occasions are cited to
defend the economy. Then we are
apt to observe that only the chance
to make enormous profit is an ade-
quate motive to pull savings out of
hiding and cause men to take risk
in research, retooling and financ-
ing. It is only when some raw case
shows up, such as this one in arti-
ficial limbs for veterans, that the
tendency to suicide on the part of
our economy is dramatized.
Housing is a second case. For sev-
eral years free economy lobbyists,
and restraint of trade associations
have prevented the Government from
dealing constructively with the grow-
ing need of low-cost housing. Cities
have sown the wind and now reap
the whirlwind just when our men
who have served are coming home
to endure with us the social pain.
What has religion to do with all this?
Is it proper for a religionist to point
out the direct bearing .of intemper-
ance anywhere upon the social fa-
bric -everywhere? Can an economy
which defies the morality of fairness,
expects government to be only the
policeman while business giants fight
out private wars and contemns plan-
ning claim to be Christian or even
civil?
We write as a citizen whose pro-
fessional duty imposes sensitivity
in behalf of the other fellow. When
something commensurate with the
Golden Rule can be made operative
daily for all the people, in spite of
their imperfections, and not until
then, dare we as a favored people
look our children in the face and
commend to them our economy.
-Edward W. Blakeman
Counselor in Religious Edu-
cation
Demobilization
THE NOISE about demobilization
has become so loud that one
would have to be deaf not to hear it
And when thousands of soldiers over
the world begin shouting, it's worth
listening to them.
The dispute does not center
around the fact that we have to
keep troops abroad. The point is
that men who have fought the war,
who have served overseas, should
not be kept for occupation duties.
They have done more than their
share. And America is not lacking
in manpower to the extent that re-
placements couldn't be sent. The
War and Navy Departments are,
however, apparently devoid of a
good policy.
This is evidenced in the unhappy
fact that men who fought the war are
being kept overseas whereas men
who stayed on this side of the globe
are being discharged. And that is
not an isolated, infrequent occur-
ence. It happens all the time.
The latest move, which emanated
from General Joseph T. McNarney,
has been to ban all unauthorized GI
meetings in Europe. McNarney is
worried about Army discipline, he
says. The general evidently realizes
that when you give men a raw deal,
they are going to protest.
If the Army and Navy must keep
men overseas and at sea, let them.
But let them send replacements.
Let them continue selective service
if necessary. Let them spend what-
ever money necessary. But let
them bring the veterans of this
war home.
-Eunice Mintz
DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN
Publication in the Daily Official Bul-
letin is constructive notice to allnmem-
bers of the University. Notices for the1
Bulletin should be sent ii typewritten
form to the Assistant to the President,
1021 Angell Hall, by 3:30 p. m. on the dayI
preceding publication (11:00 a. m. Sat-f
urdays).t
SUNDAY, JANUARY 20, 1946
VOL. LVI, No. 56I
Notices
To the Members of the Faculty-Col-
lege of Literature, Science, and the
Arts:
There will be a special meeting of
the Faculty of the College of Litera-
ture, Science, and the Arts on Jan.
21 at 4:10 p.m., in Room 1025 Angell
Hall, for continued discussion of the
curriculum proposals. Large atten-
,dance of the faculty is desired at this
meeting.
All Women Students attending
"The Hasty Heart," Monday, Jan.
21, will be granted late permission
until one-half hour after the end of
the performance.
Candidates for the Teacher's Cer-
tificate in June and August: A list of
candidates has been posted in the of-
fice of the School of Education, Room
1431 University Elementary School.
Any prospective candidates whose
name does not appear on. this list
should call at the office of the Re-
corder, 1437 Univ. Elem. School.
Governess: We have a call for a
governess for fcur year old child. Ap-
plicants should be young women with
nursery school education and should
be willing to make this a full time
job, Excellent salary and living con-
ditions for right person. Call at the
Bureau of Appointments and Occu-
pational Information for details.
Scholarship Open to Senior Me-
chanical, Aeronautical and Electrical
Engineering Students: Consolidated
Vultee Aircraft Corporation has es-
tablished an annual scholarship of
$250 which is available to students
who are in their Junior year in the
above fields of engineering and who
are highly recommended by their
faculty Scholarship Committee. The
student will be employed by the Com-
pany the first summer after the
award. Application forms for this
scholarship may be obtained in the
Aeronautical Engineering Office.
Aeronautical Engineering Juniors,
Seniors and Graduates: There are
available in the Department of Aero-
nautical Engineering four Frank P.
Sheehan Scholarships. The selection
of candidates for these scholarships
is made very largely on the basis
of scholastic standing. Applications
will be received up to January 25.
Students wishing to make applica-
tion should address letters to Profes-
sor E. W. Conlon, B-47 East Engi-
neering Building, giving a brief state-
ment of their qualifications and ex-
perience in regard to both their schol-
astic work and anydother experience
they may have had. A statement
should also be made giving their
plans for further study in Aeronau-
tical Engineering. The present draft
classification or any service record
should be mentioned.
GraduateeFellowships: Consoli-
dated Vultee Aircraft Corporation
has established two annual Graduate
Fellowships of $750 each, available
to graduates of accredited engineer-
ing, metallurgy, physics or mathe-
matics schools who are highly recom-
mended by their faculty Scholarship
Committee, for graduate study and
research in the fields included in
aeronautical engineering. The stu-
dents will be employed by the Com-
pany the first summer after the
awards. Application forms for these
Fellowships may be obtained in the
Aeronautical Engineering Office.
Lectures
University Lecture: Professor Ralph
W. Gerard, Dept. of Physiology, Uni-
versity of Chicago, will speak on the
subject, "The Electrical Activity of
the Nervous System" (illustrated),
at 4:15 p.m., Mon., Jan. 21, in the
Rackham Amphitheater; auspices of
the Dept. of Zoology. The public is
cordially invited.
*Dr. Ananda K. Coomaraswamy of
the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston,
will speak on "The Riddle of the
Sphinx" at 4:15 p.m., Tues., Jan. 22,
in the Rackham Amphitheatre; aus-
pices of the Institute of Fine Arts.
The public is cordially invited.
William Henry Chamberlin, who
lived and worked in many European
countries and Japan as a foreign cor-
respondent, will speak on the sub-
ject, "Russia and the West: Conflict
or Cooperation?" 8:00 p.m., Mon.,
Jan. 21, in the Kellogg Auditorium;
auspices of the Polonia Cub. The
public is cordially invited.
Phi Sigma, honorary natural sci-
ence fraternity, will sponsor a lecture
by Professor Ralph W. Gerard, of the
University of Chicago, who will speak
on the subject, "A Biologist's View of
dad Hispanica series. Wednesday,
Jan. 23 at 8:00 p.m. in the Kellogg
Auditorium is the place of the lecture
where Dr. Sampaio will talk on "Os
povos que contribuiram para a form-
acao do Brazil". All members and
those interested are invited to attend.
Anyone wishing a copy of the So-
ciedad Hispanica picture may leave
his name and money in Sr. Mercado's
office, 306 Romance Language Bldg.
Concerts
Student Recital: Mary Evans John-
son, a student of piano under Profes-
sor John Kollen, will present a recital
in partial fulfillment of the require-
ments for the degree of Bachelor of
Music at 8:30 Sunday evening, Jan.
20, in Lydia Mendelssohn Theater.
Her program will include compo-
sitions by Bach, Mozart, Beethoven,
Schumann, and Griffes, and will be
open to the general public.
Exhibitions
A joint exhibition of paintings by
John Pappas and Sarkis Sarkisian of
Detroit, in the Rakham Mezzanine
Galleries, under the auspices of the
College of Architecture and Design.
Jan. 16 through 31, daily except Sun-
day, afternoons2-5, evenings 7-10.
The public is cordially invited.
Exhibit: "Petroleum Exploration in
Alaska," in the Rotunda, University
Museums Building. January 20 to
March 1.
Events Today
The Graduate Outing Club will
leave at 1:30 Sunday from its club
rooms in the Rackham Building
(northwest entrance) for an outing
at the Saline Valley Farms. Winter
sports, supper, and square dancing
are on the program. Those who wish
to go are asked to sign up and pay
the supper fee at the check-room
desk in the Rackham Building before
noon Saturday or to call Catharine
Bright, 2-4471, before noon Sunday.
There will be an additional charge
for use of equipment at Saline. Each
person should bring his own eating
utensils.
Varsity Glee Club: Important re-
hearsalSunday at 4:15 p.m. Men ab-
sent last Wednesday are especially
urged to be present to work on con-
cert program.
Coming Events
Phi Lambda Upsilon: A short busi-
ness meeting for the purpose of elect-
ing new officers will precede a talk
by Professor D. L. Katz of the Chem-
ical Engineering Department on The
Academic Versus The Industrial Ca-
reer For Chemists And Chemical
Engineers. 7:30 p.m., Monday, Jan.
21, in the East Conference Room,
Rackham Bldg. An open discussion
will follow on this vital topic. Re-
freshments will be served.
Veterans' Wives: A meeting of the
V O's Wives Club will be held Mon-
day night at 7:30 in the Michigan
League. All wives of Veterans on the
campus are invited to attend.
Tryouts for the French Play will
be held on Monday, Tuesday and
Thursday of this week from 3 to 5 in
Room 408 of the Romance Language
Building. Any student with sone
knowledge of theFrench Language
may try out.
Faculty Women's Club: The Play
Reading Section will meet on Tues-
day, Jan. 22, in the Michigan League.
Dessert at 1:15 in the Russian Tea
Room. Reading at 2:00 in the Mary
B. Henderson Room.
Botanical Journal Club: Tuesday,
Jan. 22, 7:30 p.m., room N. S. 1139.
Reports by:
Claire Michelson-Studies in trop-
ical fruits. The distribution of tan-
nins within the banana, and the
changes in their condition and
amount during ripening.
Fern Reissig-Cell elongation and
the development of root hairs in
tomato roots.
Jose Santos-Growth and differ-
entation in the root tip of Phleum
pratense.
Chairman, C. D. LaRue. Anyone
interested is cordially invited to at-
tend. Kindly note change in day
and hour.
American Chemical Society, (Uni-
versity of Michigan Section) will hold
a meeting Jan. 23, at 4:15 p.m. in
Room 151 of the Chemistry Build-
ing. Dr. George Rieveschl, Jr., of
Parke, Davis & Company will speak
on "The Chemistry and Pharmacol-
ogy of Anti-allergic Drugs." The
public is cordially invited.
Churches
First Presbyterian Church: Morn-
ing worship, 10:45. Sermon by Dr.
Lemon, "There Was a Man". 4:30
p.m., Vesper Communion Service and
Reception of new members. .5:30
p.m., Westminster Guild following
the Communion Service. There will
be group singing, discussion, and sup-
per will be served.
BARNABY
. - _____________ ____
By Crockett Johnson
In fact, m'boy, why not have your father
write to the Detect and Collect people
for tickets to their Quiz Show? Just
explain that your Fairy Godfather ...
I
who is about to make a super-movie epic with
your camera. . . proposes to use the prize
money to buy film and. . . various sundries.
- ~
I'll write in for three seats, son.
FOUR! Don't forget
MR. O'MALLEY.
A
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