NEW
CHINA
See 'age 2
Y
WI Ii
4aUti4
SNOW FLURRIES;
COLDER
VOL. LVI, No. 49 ANN ARBOR, MICUIGAN, SATUIMAY JANUARY 12, 1916
ation FacedwithImdstrialBreakd
PRICE FIVE CENTS
[own
Phone Strike
Paralyzes Long
Distance System
Possible Government
Seizure Is Foreseen
AIRBORNE DIVISION HOME -- Members of the ren owned 82nd Airborne Division display signs naming the
battlefields where they fought as they arrive in New York.
Ike, Nimitz To Explain
1946 Paralysis
Fund Drive Will
Begin Monday
Congressmen To Hear
Report in Joint Session
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, Jan. 11 - The
Army and Navy agreed today to send
Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower and Ad-
miral Chester W. Nimitz to a Senate-
House meeting Tuesday in the de-
mobilization furor.
The Army reacted, too, by cutting
the training period for troops to re-
place veterans overseas and decided
to let some long-service men out of
the air force regardless of the need
for specially qualified personnel.
The Army Times, unofficial service
publication, reported that Eisenhower
has issued orders to all Army com-
mands against giving basic and other
elemental training to combat veter-
ans.
The newspaper quoted him as say-
ing that "a schedule prepared pri-
marily to keep such men busy for
the required number of hours has no
place in the Army." Some veterans
HONOLULU, Jan. 11 -(0)-
Headquarters of Lt. Gen. Robert
C. Richardson Jr., announced to-
day'a change in discharge require-
ments which would mean immed-
iate release of more than 6,000
officers and men of his mid-Pacif-
ic command.
The Public Relations Office
could not say immediately wheth-
er this was the result of a new
directive from the War Depart-
ment, whose recent demobiliza-
tion slowdown order touched off
soldier protest demonstrations in
the Pacific.
have complained they are compelled
to undergo basic training repeatedly
as a make-work device.
A member of the full military com-
mittee, Senator Kilgore (D-W Va),
predicted that discharge "inequalities
will be adjusted in the immediate fu-
ture." In an interview at Fairmont,
W. Va., Kilgore'attributed demobili-
zation troubles to the Army's mak-
ing "many more promises than it
was able to handle."
Related to the demobilization situ-
ation were these developments:
The Army ordered the training of
replacement troops cut from 17 to
Yanks Petition
Mrs. Roosevelt
LONDON, Jan. 11 - (IP) - High
point GIs, demanding speedier rede-
ployment, sought today the help of
the American delegation to the
United Nations Organization and re-
portedly drew from Mrs. Eleanor
Roosevelt a promise that she per-
sonally would take their complaints
to the United States.
13 weeks. That will make these troops
available four weeks sooner for re-
placing veterans overseas.
Army Air Forces announced that
some soldiers with long service will
be released automatically without re-
spect to the need for specially quali-
fied men. Any AAF enisted man with
50 points and 42 months of service
can get out.
UNO Assembly
Key Posts Go j
To Big Powers
LONDON, Jan. 11 -(OP)- The five
key powers of the United Nations
Organization - the United States,
Britain, China, France and Russia-
were elected today with Venezuela
and South Africa to the seven vice-
presidencies of the UNO General As-
sembly.
Thus the newly-formed Assembly
temporarily accepted big-power lead-
ership in forming an influential steer-
ing committee and moved 'swiftly
ahead with building a new peace ma-
chine for the world.
Candidates supported by the big
powers were elected without dissent
as chairmen of six committees. The
committee chairmen and the vice-
presidents will sit with Assembly
President Paul-Henri Spaak of Bel-
gium in directing UNO's work.
The committee assignments went
to the Ukraine, Poland, Panama, Ur-
aguay, Syria and New Zealand.
There was a possibility, however,
that the group of 14 might be en-
larged as Guy Perez Cisneros, dele-
gate from Cuba, demanded that the
steering be done by representatives
of all 51 nations in UNO.
Miss
Head
McCormick Will
Donations Group
Carrying on the tradition of the
late President Roosevelt, who estab-
lished the National Foundation for
Infantile Paralysis, the 1946 drive for
raising funds to benefit those af-
flicted with the disease will open Jan.
14 on campus in connection with the
national drive.
Miss Ethel A. McCormick, social
director of the League will head the
University group working on the
campaign. Jean Gaffney with Alice
Miller, Barbara Raymer, and Janet
Young as her assistants is women's
chairman. George Spaulding will
have Andrew Poledor as his assistant
on the men's committee.
"Last year Washtenaw County col-
lected $18,000, making it the highest
county in contributions per capita
of the state," Miss Virginia Schu-
maker, chairman of the Washtenaw
County committee, announced. "We
hope," she said, "through the help
of those residing in the county, to do
as well again this year."
Working with Miss Schumaker in
Ann Arbor will be Louis Hallen,
chairman of business and industry;
Mrs. Carl Stuhrberg, banks; Mrs.
Frederick Matthei, hospitals; Mrs.
Harry Hixson, stores and dime cards;
and Miss Helen Brady, publicity.
Others on the Ann Arbor commit-
tees are Otto Haisley, chairman of
schools; Mrs. Avery Wright, special
gifts; and Miss Louise Meyer, thea-
tres.
The University drive will end Jan.
23. The national drive will extend
through the end of the month.
By The Assocaited Pr'ess
NEW YORK, Jan. 11-America's
vast long distance telephone system
was virtually paralyzed tonight and
a government official said seizure of
the industry might be recommended
if the strike situation became more
acute.
Throughout most of the nation
only emergency and priority long
distance calls were being handled
as a result of picket lines set up
at dawn by 8,000 installation work-
ers at key exchanges, and subse-
subsequent sympathy actions in
some areas,
In New York City the American
Telephone and Telegraph Company
announced that only five per cent of
the normal number of long distance
calls were being handled over its na-
tionwide network lines.
Telephone communications were
disrupted when other telephone
workers obeyed the installation em-
ployes' request not to cross picket
lines. Long distance service was hit
first, but in some places local service
also was affected.
Labor Secretary Schwellenbach
summoned representatives of the
Western Electric Company, em-
ployer of the 8,000 striking' instal-
aticn workers, and the union to a
conference in Washington late to-
day (4 p.m. EST).
A labor department official, who
requested that his name not be used,
said government seizure might be
recommended if the telephone tie-up
became nationwide.
The start of picketing today was
a reversal of plans announced a few
hours earlier.
Earnest Weaver, president of the
ACEW, said at 11:20 o'clock last
night that picketing would be de-
layed until Monday because of the
meeting called by Schwellenbach.
At 4:42 a.m. he said picketing
would go ahead as planned because
"picket lines had been established
in some locations and it was im-
possible to contact them."
(In Washington theGovernment
conciliation service failed tonight to
halt a progressive tieup of the na-
tion's long distance telephone service
and recessed its efforts until tomor-
row.)
Picket Lnes Hit
Michigan Bell
In Three Cites
DETROIT, Jan. 11 - (P) - The
Michigan Bell Telephone Co. weath-
ered a series of minor service inter-
ruptions today as several hundred
of its employes stayed away from
work rather than cross picket lines
thrown around exchanges in three
cities in the state.
Long distance calls were limited to
emergency and priority telephone
users during the peak periods of 10
to 11 a.m. and 2 to 3 p.m.
Calls Being Limited
At 5 p.m. Michigan Bell announced
that "by and large" only emergency
and priority long distance calls were
being accepted, and a company
spokesman said he expected that
condition to continue throughout the
night, barring developments in
Washington.
More than four hours later, how-
ever, thecompany said it had han-
dled approximately 60 per cent as
many long distance calls as were put
through Thursday.
Michigan Bell also said that virtu-
ally all emergency and priority calls
were handled and that 60 per cent of
all other calls went through on sched-
ule.
Inaccessible Points
Among points listed as inaccessible
except to emergency and priority
users were New York, Cincinnati,
Chicago, Cleveland, Washington,
Pittsburgh, Buffalo, Toledo, Phila-
delphia, Dallas, Tex., and Kalama-
zoo, Mich.
The Michigan Bell Telephone Co.
announced tonight that because of a
strike of equipment workers and re-
sulting picket lines only emergency
and priority ln distance calls would
Truman Steps in as Steel
Strike Negotiations Halt
Walkout, To Begin Monday, Would Be Biggest
In Nation's History, Affect Entire Industry
By The Associated Press
NEW YORK, Jan. 11_- President Truman stepped into the steel wage
controversy tonight as negotiations broke down in efforts to avert a strike
scheduled for Monday by 800,000 members of the CIO United Steelworkers.
Shortly after Philip Murray, CIO and Union President, announced that
the walkout would begin, as scheduled, the President invited Murray and
Benjamin F. Fairless, president of the U. S. Steel Corp., to the White House
tomorrow for a continuation of talks, starting at 2 p.m. EST.
Both men accepted the invitation.
Negotiations Collapse Following Conference
Negotiations collapsed here after a three-hour conference at which the
Union reduced its wage increase demands from $2 a day to $1.60.
The strike, which would be the largest in the nation's history, would
affect virtually the entire steel industry as well as other manufacturing
plants whose workers are represented by the steel workers union.
4
Minnesota Steel
Workers Told
Not To Strike
Bethlehem Is Struck;
Walkout at ALCOA
By The Associated Press
DULUTH, Jan. 11 - Duluth and
northern Minnesota steel and iron
ore mine workers were notified today
by Henry Burkhammer, Duluth, di-
rector of District 33, United Steel-
workers of America, not to partici-
pate Monday in the scheduled na-
tionwide strike of steelworkers.
Burkhammer said he has been ad-
vised by the union's legal counsel in
Washington to comply with the state
law following a statement by Gov.
Edward J. Thye that the nationwide
aspect of the threatened steel strike
will not nullify application of the
state's 30-day waiting period.
In a letter to the union members,
Burkhammer said:
"Since Governor Thye has taken
the position the strike on Jan. 14
would be a strict violation of the
Minnesota state labor act, I have
been advised by our legal counsel to
comply with the state law.
"Therefore I will have to request
that allhunion members continue
work. This time will expire Feb. 7. I
will notify you of later and new de-
velopments.
"I have also set up the strike in
Michigan and Wisconsin to Feb. 7,
so if we are compelled to strike, we
will be prepared to shut down all steel
mills and mines in the Lake Superior
region at the same time."
Bethlehem Steel Workers
Establish Picket Lines
LACKAWANNA, N. Y. -(R) -
Thousands of Bethlehem Steel Co.
employes left their jobs tonight and
swiftly established picket lines
around the sprawling plant.
Joseph P. Molony, district direc-
tor of the United Steelworkers, said
he authorized a strike after Bethle-
hem officials refused what he de-
scribed as a union offer to assist in
making plans for maintenance serv-
ice during the strike set for Monday.
Aluminum Strike Staged
PITTSBURGH, Jan. 11-OP)-A
walkout by 4,000 workers of the
Aluminum Company of the steel
strike-gqt under way today while
steel companies and union represen-
tatives made preparations for the ex-
pected shutdown Monday of a ma-
jority of the nation's steel mills.
Murray, speaking quietly to report-
ers in a corporation office here, said
the union today reduced its wage de-
mands from 25 cents an hour to 20
cents, which he said "we believe to
be reasonable," but he said the cor-
poration offered only. 15 cents an
hour increase which the union con-
siders "wholly inadequate."
Settlement Not in Sight
The CIO chief, also president of the
steelworkers, said his conferences with
Fairless and "Big Steel" representa-
tives were "now breaking up with no
reasonable hope of settlement in the
offing."
First indication that the union had
receded from its $2 a day demand
came earlier today when the Timken
Roller Bearing Co. of Canton, O., of-
fered its workers a 171/2 per cent in-
crease and Murray authorized union
representatives to accept a 20-cent
hourly increase. CIO spokesmen said
a 20-cent hourly boost would approxi-
mate the 171/2 per cent offered by
Timken.
In his news conference tonight
Murray said he was "hopeful" that
an agreement could be reached with
the Timken Company on that basis.
Increase Not Discussed
Murray said that there had been
no discussion of steel price increases
in his conferences with Fairless. The
steel industry has asked for price
increases of approximately $7 a ton
to cover what it said were cost in-
creases, aside from any, proposed
wage adjustment. Government of-
ficials have indicated a boost of $4 a
ton would be approved.
Murray was asked if the steel work-
ers would remain on their jobs if the
government should take over the
plants. He replied he did not know
what the government would do and
that in his conferences with Fairless
"we did not dwell on the realms of
,.f " Y
Increase Probably Delayed
Government spokesmen indicated
the breakdown of negotiations prob-
ably would delay any announcement
of an increase in steel prices.
Another high official, not quotable
by name, predicted there would be
immediate pressure from the admini-
stration upon Congress for swift pas-
sage of President Truman's proposed
measure to give the backing of law
to fact finding boards. Those cur-
rently operating have only Presi-
dential authority.
The fact finding bill calls for a 30-
day cooling-off period during which
a presidentially appointed board
would investigate and report its find-
ings.
Theft Discovered
A robbery was discovered at 1:38
a.m. today at Fishhow's Jewelry Shop
at 347 S. Main St. At the time The
Daily went to press the loss had not
been determined.
General Motors
Rejects Report
Of Fact Finders.
Labels Theory of GM
Ability-to-pay as False
By The Associated Press
DETROIT, Jan. 11-General Mo-
tors Corporation today announced
that the report of the presidential
fact finding committee was not ac-
ceptable to it.
The announcement was signed by
C. E. Wilson, GM president.
The corporation announcement
said the fact finders' recommenda-
tions for a 192 cents an hour wage
increase and the reinstatement of
its contract with the CIO United
Automobile Workers was unaccept-
able "in whole or in part, as a basis
for settling the LYAW-CIO strike of
General Motors Plants."
"General Motors," Wilson's state-
ment declared, "has rejected the un-
sound principle that a specific com-
pany should be forced to pay higher
than competitve wages because of its
financial ability."
The corporation's announcement
drew from Walter Reuther, vice-pres-
ident of the CIO United Auto Work-
ers, the comment, "General Motors is
still in defiance of its public respon-
sibility and continues to refuse to
meet its obligation to the men and
women who work for it."
The GM president said the com-
pany's latest offer of a 13%/2 cents per
hour or $1.08 per day, made after
the strike began 51 days ago, "still
stands."
"The government has stated that
living costs are up 33 per cent over
1941," he continued. "Our offer,
when combined with other in-
creases made since January, 1941,
fully compensate for this accepted
increase in the cost of living, and
would raise the average employee's
rate of pay more than 33 per cent
over what it was in January, 1941."
Wilson said the presidential board's
recommendation of an additional six
cents an hour raise "is based on cer-
tain assumptions by them which in
the opinion of General Motors are
unsound."
"The board," he said, "tried to
justify this amount in part by
devious take-home pay arguments.
Actually, the recommendation is
based on the assumed ability of
General Motors to pay this excess
wage. The board made its own
forecast of the future operations of
the business and its own estimate
of profits that might result from
such operations."
GM's statement came as indica-
tions pointed to union acceptance of
the board's recommendations made
public Thursday.
In New York, R. J. Thomas, presi-
Ses GM REJECTS, Page 4
Gym-Jamn Will
Feature Games,
Folk Dancing
A novel evening of informal danc-
ing and sports entertainment will be
provided for all students on campus
when the Women's Athletic Associa-
tion presents "Gym-Jam" from 8:30
p.m. to 11:30 p.m. today in Barbour
and Waterman gyms.
Highlighting the affair will be
dancing, under the direction of How-
ard Liebee, of the Physical Education
Department for men. Mr. Leibee has
collected various types of dancing,
calls and folk songs during several
tours of the country. At "Gym-Jam"
he will teach American country
dances, including equare dancing and
polkas, as well as novelty couple
dances. These include the Rye waltz
and the Schottish.
From 8:30 p.m. to 11:30 p.m.,
bridge will be played in the fencing
room, ping-pong in the correctives
room, volleyball in Barbour gym, and
from 8:30 p.m. to 9:30 p.m., badmin-
ton will be offered in Waterman gym.
Upon arrival, those wishing to play
volleyball will be issued yellow or blue
ribbons to designate the teams which
will compete in the games.
Coeds have been asked to wear
sports attire and low heels. Re-
freshments will be served during the
evening and tickets may be pur-
chased at the door.
Tradition lBro ken .. .
Edmonson Says Schools Must
Revise Methods To Build Peace
The nation's schools must revise
their methods if they are to be ef-
fective in efforts to build world peace,
Dean James B. Edmonson, of the
School of Education, declared yester-
day in a speech at the Detroit Rack-
ham Building.
"History textbooks must be re-
written, with emphasis on the com-
mon desires, achievements and
dreams of mankind rather than on
their disagreements and quarrels,"
Dean Edmonson said, pointing out
that "in many countries, including
our own, geography and history have
been taught in such a way as to de-
velop a national pride and loyalty
which is based in part on contempt
for other nations and their peoples."
"Teaching pupils to hate and dis-
nations and conceals differences is
not a safe program."
Dean Edmonson suggested a pro-
gram within the range of pupils'
maturity that is "realistic and far-
sighted. We must not be misled into
believing that world-wide extension
of educational opportunities, regard-
less of the purpose and nature of the
education, will insure the develop-
ment of attitudes and understanding
that will contribute to the elimina-
tion of war."
Stressing the importance of the
proper attitude among the people,
Dean Edmonson predicted that "if
the prevailing sentiment of our own
country is hostile to the sympathetic
study of other countries, most of our
schools will not dare go forward with
the kind of instruction that would
Strike Ends as Waiters Return
To Positions in Lawyer's Club
Regular table service in the Law-
yers Club dining room was resumed
yesterday as all waiters returned to
their jobs following Thursday eve-
ning's walkout.
A spokesman for the waiters, who
prefers to remain anonymous, said
that representatives of the strikers
had contacted the Board of Gov-
ernors and received assurances that
they will receive the same food as
other guests in the future.
Prof. Grover C. Grismore, acting
secretary-treasurer of the Law
School, said that up to yesterday he
had not been formally contacted by
from two sources: that they were not
being served the same food as other
guests, although they pay the same
weekly board charge of $9.20; and
that their wage scale of 55 cents an
hour was not sufficient to pay this
charge.
"The waiters find themselves at a
disadvantage in comparison with
waiters in league houses, fraternities
and sororities who operate on a work-
a-meal, eat-a-meal basis," the
spokesman said.
Fred Seegert, '46, a waiter, said the
strike had not been called because the