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VOL. LV, No. 33
ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SATURDAY, DEC. 9, 1944
PRICE FIVE CENTS
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Reach
Outskirts
of
Ormoc
Becker Ends
Cook Series
At Rackham
Complex Soheety
Needs Collectivism
"We must correct the manifest
evils of free competition by achieving
a social democratic system which will
maintain maximum and fair compe-
tition," Prof. Carl L. Becker, dis-
tinguished historian of Cornell Uni-
versity said yesterday in the last of a
series of lectures under the William
W. Cook Foundation.
Explaining that the complexity of
modern life which was ushered in by
the industrial revolution has neces-
sitated a trend toward government
regulation, Prof. Becker said that we
must choose some form of collectiv-
ism.
Must Choose Collectivism
Speaking on "Private Economic
Euiterprise," Prof. Becker pointed out
that the discord between physical
power at our disposal and our capac-
ity to make good use of it has resulted
in economic and social contradiction.
"We must choose a form of collectiv-
ism within the framework of a free
enterprise system," he said, "or the
discord will leadus sinto a socialist,
communist or fascist economy."~
Government meddling, which has
taken the form of tariff laws, free
land to railways and the federal
postal system, is an indication that
the laissez-faire philosophy, Prof.
Becker asserted, .is unworkable in the
present social situation.
Government Aid Necessary
"Meddling," Prof. Becker said, "has
been our policy ever since the indus-
trial society began to cause the para-
dox of simultaneous progress and
poverty." He said that the New Deal
is merely a revival and extension of
Theodore Roosevelt's Square Deal
and Wilson's New Freedom.
Prof. Becker's talk was the last in
a series on "Freedom and Responsi-
bility in th&Aihetlan Way of Life;"
given this week *in the Rackham
building. Previous lectures dealt with
political tradition, freedom of speech
and press, freedom of learning and
teaching and constitutional govern-
ment.
Former Dean
Is 80 Today
Prof. Novy Headed
'U' Medical School
Today is the eightieth birthday
anniversary of Prof. Frederick George
Novy, dean emeritus of the Medical
School and a pupil of the great Ger-
man scientist, Robert Koch.
Prof. Novy. who assumed emeritus
status in 1935, became a professor of
bacteriology in the Medical School in
1902 and served in that capacity 33
years. He served as dean two years,
receiving the appointment in 1933.
Born Dec. 9, 1864, in Chicago, Dr.
Novy was graduated from the Uni-
versity with a B.S. degree in 1886,
and received an M.S. degree a year
later. Other degrees Dr. Novy re-
ceived at the University were Sc.D.
and M.D.
In 1888 he worked in the labora-
tory of Robert Koch, who did re-
search in tuberculosis. Nine years
later he went to the Pasteur Institute
of Paris.
Dr. Novy first became a member of
the University faculty in 1886, as an
assistant in organic chemistry.
Among his many honors are in-
cluded the Chevalier of the Legion of
Honor in Paris, award of the gold
medal of the American Medical Asso-
ciation, and a testimonial by the
Michigan Legislature.
CAMPUS EVENTS
Today Galens Tagk:DaySale.
Today Basketball game with
Kellogg Field starting at
7:30 p. m. in Yost Field
House.
Today SRA luncheon at noon in
Lane Hall.
Dec. 10 Navy Choir will sing at
7:30 p. m. in Rm. 3167,
the Michigan Union.
Dec. 10 David Holland will give
organ recital at 4:15 p. m.
in Hill Auditorium.
Dec. 10 Albert Cohen, Hillel lec-
ChurchillForeign Policy
Approved by Commons
u - -
r
c> _.
By The Assoeiated Press
LONDON, Dec. 8-Prime Minister
Churchill won an overwhelming vote
of confidence in the House of Com-
mons today for a foreign policy of in-
tervention against "mob rule by mur-
der gangs" in liberated Europe after
a vigorous defense in which he clear-
ly suggested that the United States
could not wash its hands of the prob-
lem.
A tense, often turbulent, House
supported him 279 to 30 when the
premier, in a back-me-or-sack-me
stand, forced the issue to meet ai
clamor of criticism at home and
abroad.
British Troops Pr'voke Crisis
The crisis was provoked by the uase
of British troops to crbat frate nal
strife in Greece, by British refusal
WAR AT A GLANCE
By The Associated Press
PACIFIC FRONT-U.S. troops
slash through Jap defenders of
Ormoc three years to day anni-
versary Pearl Harbor: advances in
first 24 hours exceed two mles.
Nimitz announces heavy strike
against Iwo Jima.
WESTERN FRONT-Third and
Seventh Armies hammer at Sieg-
fried Line, from Saarbrucken to
Rhine.
RUSSIAN FROIT-Reds rum-
ored to have craslh'e through to
Danube, half encirlinjg Budapest.
GREEE-ELAS troops continue
resistance.
$1 200 Netted by
Ga lens in First
Day of Drive
Braving chill winds and flurries
of snow, the Galens, members of the
honorary medical society, stood,
buckets in hand, from 7:30 a. m. to
5:30 p. m. today selling tags to raise
funds to maintain the children's
workshop in University hospital.
Result: Over $1,200 collected on
the first day of the society's two-day
drive.
Galens will be out again this morn-
ing in time to meet those going to
eight o'clock classes, or to early-
morning businesses. By noon, most
of the members will have moved
downtown, to reach more of the
townspeople in an effort to meet
their goal of $3,000.
Money collected yesterday and to-
day will help to furnish materials
and equipment for the workshop
throughout the coming year. The
shop is maintained to provide after-
noons of constructive recreation
through woodworking for children
seven to 14 year old who are confined
in the hospital.
"I wish to express my appreciation
for the many contributions to our
campaign, and for the fine spirit in
which they were given," Robert Ide-
son, Med '45, chairman of the drive,
declared yesterday evening. "My
special thanks to the sororities, dor-
mitories and other institutions tha
contributed as single units," he added.
Chinese Retake
Rail-rboad Town
CHUNGKING, Dec. 8.-(P)-Coun-
terattacking Chinese troops have re-
captured the important railroad town
of Tuhshan, 75 miles southeast o
Kweiyang on the old Burma Road,
and are pursuing battered Japanese
invasion forces toward the border of
Kwangsi province, the Chinese high
command announced today.
Electrifying this capital with its
first good news in many weeks, the
announcement said a crack Chinese
division hit the Japanese at dawn
today and sent the enemy "fleeing
south in disorder with our victorious
troops hot on their heels."
Several Chungking newspapers is-
sued extras telling of the yictory and
predicting that the Japanese would
be driven from Kweichow province.
British Start New
fensive in Blrma
NEW DELHI, India, Dec. 8.-(A).
to approve Count Carlo Sorza as
Italian foreign minister, by violent
demonstrations in Belgium, and by
rumblings of unrest in Holland
'Refusingto retreat an inch from
his position, which Ile epitomized in
the sentence, "Democracy is not a
harlot to be picked up in the street
by a man with -a tommy gun," Chur-
chill made it evident that he regarded
the responsibility as America's as well
as Britain's.
Hands-Off' Is U. S. Polcy
ThesUnited States State Depart-
ment has publicly avowed a hands
off policy regarding the internal af-
fairs of other countries, with Italy
and Greece specifically mentioned,
but Churchill made repeated refer-
ences to Americans sharing of the
authority for what has happened.
Of the whole European problem he
said, "If there is a democracy and
its various defenders believe they ex-
press the wishes of the majority, why
can't thy wait until the general elec-
tion-a free vote of the people, which
is our sol policy in every country into
which British and American armies
are marching?"
Churchill's Stand
Churchill took this stand:
"I have no fear at all that the most
searching inquiry into the policy
which we have pursued in Belgium,
Holland, Italy and Greece will en-
title any man in whose breast fair-
ness and fair play reside to accuse us
of pursuing reactionary policies or
hampering the free expression of the
national will."
Labor and liberal M. P.'s who kept
up a caustic attack were told-"Make
no mistake about it"-that Britain
"will persist in the policy of clearing
Athens and the Athens regions of all
those who are rebels to the constitut-
ed authority of Greece."
In one of the liveliest and most
fiery of his addresses, which he said
he was "enjoying," Churchill de-
nounced "planned, coups d'etats by
murder gangs and by the iron rule
of ruffians seeking to climb into the
seats of power without a vote ever
having been cast in their favor."
WMC Bidding
For Power To
Controol Labor
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, Dec. 8-(P)-
Speed is essential in solving the man-
power problem; the War Manpower
Commission said today as it pre-
pared to steer "straying" workers
back into war production.
Charles M. Hay, Deputy Manpower
Chairman, told the Senate War In-
vestigating Committee that if Con-
gress acts swiftly to put more "teeth"
in manpower controls, all well and
good. But if it does not, he added,
WMC will proceed to use "volun-
tary" methods in tackling the short-
age of 300,000 workers.
He opposed a labor draft, but said
the WMC would like statutory auth-
ority to enforce "employment ceil-
ings" on civilian industry.
But even that legislation, he said,
will not be helpful if it isn't passed
quickly.
The "voluntary methods" the WMC
has in mind, it was learned, include
tracking down workers who leave war
plants without a "certificate of avail-
ability" and leading them back. Ex-
perience has shown, WMC sources
said, that one or two such instances
will deter other workers in a plant
from leaving.
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Infantry Slashes
Japanese Fighters
Guain Veterans Stage Surprise Attack
At Rear of Yamashita Line's Defenses
By The Associated Press
MACARTHUR'S HEADQUARTERS, Philippines, Dec. 9-Three
years from the day the Japanese first struck at the Philippines, U. S. 77th
Division troops slashed through the Nipponese defenders of Ormoc to
reach the outskirts of that enemy stronghold. Gen. Douglas MacArthur
AMERICANS DRIVE FOR SAARBRUCKEN-Arrows show American
drives on the Saar River front (heavy line). Third Army tanks reach-
ed the edge of Fombach in a push toward Saarbrucken, and there was
continued street fighting in Saarlautern and Sarreguemines. The
Official Communique revealed that Americans were battling in Dillin-
gen, north of Saarlautern, after crossing the Saar.
SIXTH CONCERT MONDAY:
Serge Koiissevitzky To Direct~f
Boston SyMphony Orchestra
The Boston Symphony Orchestra,
under the baton of Serge Koussev-
itzky, will be heard at the sixth Chor-
al Union concert at 8:30 p. m. Mon-
day in Hill Auditorium.
The orchestra visits the colleges of
the East and Middle West as a regu-
lAr part of its yearly itinerary. Many
annual concerts are given under the
auspices of educational institutions,
sometimes in their own auditoriums.
Center Established
Last summer the Boston Symphony
established its estate in Lenox, Mass.,
the Berkshire Music Center. This
school, the realization of the fond-
est dream of Dr. Koussevitzky, pos-
sesses its own student orchestra, its
chorus which sings in the Berk-
shire Symphonic Festival and depart-f
Norway Asks
./
Aid of Allies
o Expel Nazis
LONDON, Dec. 8.- Terje Wold,
Norwegian Minister of Justice, sug-
gested today an Allied seaborne oper-
ation against the west coast of Nor-
way was "imperative and essential"
to prevent the Germans from wreck-
ing the country completely.
Wold, who recently toured liberat-
ed Norway, hinted that Russian land
operations against the Germans in
northern Norway had been brought
to a standstill because of bad weather
and communications.
Wold asserted that the people of
Finnmark "will demand, when hos-
tilities have ceased, that the Germans
replace every house they have de-
stroyed, every article they have stol-
en."
ments for conduction, musical compo-
sition and operatic interpretation.
The faculty is drawn not only from
the members of the Orchestra, but
from colleges and schools of music.
Dr. Koussevitzky, who has been
conducting the Orchestra since 1924,
began his musical career at the Phil-
harmonic School in Moscow as a
student of the double bass. Soon as-
piring to lead an orchestra, he estab-
lished his own orchestra in Moscow,
and gave a series of concerts there
and in St. Petersburg.
Active in Paris
After the revolution, Koussevitzky
conducted under government subsidy,
but, fleeing restriction, he establish-
ed his famous "Concerts Koussevit-
zky" with his own orchestra in Paris.
He gave concerts in Paris and Lon-
don before coming to America to di-
rect the Boston Symphony Orchestra.
His span of years covers more than
a quarter of the Orchestra's history,
and far exceeds that of any previous
conductor.
Nazis Charge Allies
.L I
Violate Rules of War
LONDON, Dec. 8-(M-Germany
has sent notes to the American and
British governments protesting "re-
cent violations of international law,
including attacks on German hospi-
tal ships in Italian waters and Ger-
man field hospitals in Italy," the of-
ficial German news agency DNB an-
nounced tonight.
The German high command cited
the alleged sinking of a hospital ship
in its recent threat to abandon the
rules of international war.
announced today.
The advance by the veterans
their surprise landing in the rear
miles.
icip,1Industry Hard
Hit By Earthquake
By The Associated Press
Tokyo acknowledged last (Fri.)
night that factories in Osaka and
other war industry sections of the
main Japanese island were damag-
ed by the Thursday earthquake, so
severe it caused a tidal wave.
A Domei Agency dispatch, pick-
fd up by the Federal Communica-
tions Commission, said factories
and homes is Osaka, Hamamatsu
and Shimuzu areas were damaged,
but claimed that "on the whole"
the destruction was light.
Osaka, 240 miles southwest of
Tokyo, has a population of 3,252,-
000. It is an important rail and
shipping hub and manufactures
textiles, machines, metals and
chemicals.
Tommies Dig
Out Leftists
In ELAS Group
Paratroop Units Cover
British Army Advance
By The Associated Press
ATHENS, Dec. 8-Gunfire resound
ed anew in the battle of Athens to
day. British troops and tanks du,
out snipers and moved to intercept
new force of militant leftists of th
ELAS group who were reported adc
vancing on the city.
Clear weather this afternoo
brought a renewal of the general con
flict after a night of comparativ
quiet in which a drizzling rain damp
ened the ELAS ardor.
British Patrol on March
British patrols went outside th
city on the northeast to intercept th
new force of 700 ELAS who were re
ported approaching Athens with a:
armored car of their own.
British riflemen were busy in th
wooded park east of the royal pal
ace, digging out ELAS forces tha
had infiltrated during the night an
taken up strong positions, notab
around a concrete stadium in th
park. c
Patratroopers Land
Parachute troopers gave the Brit
ish patrols protective fire with heav
machine guns mounted on the roo
of the palace and the former com
munist headquarters building in con
stitution square. Sniper bullets sti
sung across the square.
Other parachutists were holdin
the acropolis heights and were.mak
ing a house-to-house cleanup c
ELAS snipers in residential district
The British and Greek governmer
forces now have taken prisoner nea
ly 1,000 of the ELAS fighters, it w
reported reliably. British amb
lances are bringing in the wounde
from both sides.
of Guam in the first 24 hours after
of the Yamashita line exceeded two
At the same time the 7th Division
to the south pushed up the coast to
narrow the gap between it and the
77th to five miles, and MacArthur re-
ported "substantial enemy forces"
caught in the squeeze play were fac-
ing annihilation.
All along the wide front, over the
mountains, in the valleys and along
the coast the Americans observed the
third anniversary of the war in the
Philippines-It was December 8 when
the Japanese struck-by moving for-
ward. Most eyes, however, were on
the 77th Division.
Reports from this force were frag-
mentary because while it cut off the
Japanese to the south it was at the
same time faced on the north and
south by strong Japanese forces.
There was no report on the intensity
of its opposition, but it had pushed
to the former U. S. Army Base of
Camp Downs on Ormoc's outskirts.
The ground situation substantially
was this:
From the north, where the fighting
had been intense.for weeks, the U. S.
32nd Division was advancing slowly
southward along the road to Ormoc.
To the southeast of Ormoc other
troops were pushing over the moun-
tains toward the Japanese stronghold
and had reached a point only six
miles from the coast.
Farther to the south of Ormoc, the
U. S. 7th Division was pushing north-
ward and had seized Balogo, where
earlier in the week a daring surprise
- landing by Amtracs had punished the
Japanese.
Naval Trainees
Surpass Bond
Quota in rive
Total bond sales among bluejackets
and Naval officers stationed on cam-
pus was announced yesterday at the
conclusion of the week-long war loan
drive sponsored by the Navy to com-
memorate Pearl Harbor Day.
Lt. Paul Blansett, in charge of
bond sales, revealed that $11,306 in
bonds, all outright purchases, were
BOND BOX
We have .. .
County ....... $7,081,760
University.. $ 43,227
We need .. .
County .$1,082,240
University..........$ 56,773
sold from Dec. 1 to Pearl Harbor Day.
Officers of the Civil Affairs Train-
ing School led in the purchases, buy-
ing 320 per cent above their quota.
The over-all average was 69 per cent
of quota, Lt. Blansett said.
Sales in the county yesterday were
slightly more than one million dol-
lars short of the county quota of
$8,164,000- Total sales as of yesterday
were $7,081,760.
Flindings in e w
Drugs Revealed
WASHINGTON, Dec. 8.-OA)-New
research employing the drug prostig-
mine in hitherto untried fields. of
humandistress-including paralytic
"stroke" and persistent muscle dis-
abilities following injury-has pro-
duced "encouraging results."
This was reported today by Dr.
Herman Kabat of the United States
public health service.
Dr. Kabat said the substance-de-
signed to act on the nervous control
weakness-had been employed by
of muscles to relieve stiffness or
U.S.P.H.S. in a series of 200 cases.
They included sufferers from "stro-
PROF. SLOSSON LOOKS AT FUTURE:
Predicts .Peacetime Daft Will Be Unnecessary
By ART KRAFT
Unless Dumbarton Oaks fails and
danger of aggression, compulsory
this country finds itself in imminent
military conscription in the United
States will be unnecessary, Prof.
Preston Slosson of the history de-
partment declared in an interview
yesterday.
Otherwise, he said, we must have
an efficient volunteer army, a fleet
and an air force second to none and
tary service, and ever since the Span-
ish-American war, we have shown
an anti-imperialist trend, most re-
cently taking steps toward relin-
quishing the Philippine Islands.
However, he said, there is nothing
wrong with the principle of peace-
time conscription, as the government
has the right to the services of all
citizens in times of emergency. Ex-
amples of this governmental power
mentioned by Prof. Slosson are the
danger, then, he said, "I would hear-
tily favor conscription."
Decision Impossible Now
In any case, a decision on peace-
time conscription for men and wvo-
men cannot be made now, he stated.
We must wait and see what the situ-
ation is at the end of the war.
Even considering the expansion of
aerial warfare, military preparedness
must be equated with the conditions
of the period and of the geographical
nosition of the nation. Thus a coun-
son. The advantages of such a plan
as outlined by Prof. Slosson would be
two-fold. Class distinctions would be
broken and the problem of conscien-
tious objectors would be circumvent-
ed, as no religion prohibits working
for one's country. The disadvantage
of this plan would be in the large
amount of money necessary to carry
it out, he stated.
In summarizing his views on the
course of action that should be taken,
Prof. Slosson laid down two condi-
fnrl nn wich fei ,,ria+ a s v~r