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VOL. LV, No. 2
:9
ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, DEC. 5, 1944
PRICE FIVE CENTS
a a61aLL AV avJD Va:t17A0
University
Appoints
Four
Men
to
Key
Positions
7
A Time of
i e
Pressure, '
Says Becker
Celebrated Historian
Opens Lecture Series
"We are living in a time of pres-
sure, offered a choice between de-.
pression and mass unemployment as
the price of peace or employment
brought by total war," Prof. Carl
L. Becker, eminent American histo-
rian, said last night in the first of
the initial series of William W. Cook
L'etures on American Institutions
at the Rackham Building.
"We can't solve this paradox by
letting it ride," Prof. Becker warn-
ed, "but we must recognize our com-
munal responsibilities, we must be-
come more serious about our govern-
ment."
Speaking on the "American Politi-
cal Tradition," Prof. Becker urged a
more responsible approach * to the
citizen's duties to government as well
as benefits derived from it. The talk
was the first of a five-lecture series
on the general topic "Freedom and
Responsibility in the American Way
of Life."
Emphasizes Responsibility
For every freedom enumerated in
American government, he stated, a
responsibility is implied. "One man's
liberty may be another man's bond-
age," Prof. Becker added. Citizens
of the United States can no longer
afford to take for.granted either their
freedom or their government, he
warned. We must seek the solution
to our problems in the re-evaluation
of our liberties and in the recognition
of our group responsibilities.
Prof. Becker traced the American
political tradition that government
is "a necessary evil." He emphasized
that Americans could no longer be
disinterested in government, or could
afford to view political campaigns as
good-humored contests in which any
outcome was not particularly urgent.
To Be Published
The lectures by the Cornell histo-
rian will be published in book-form
later. Subsequent lectures will be
"Freedom of Speech and the Press,"
today; "Freedom of Learning and
Teaching," Wednesday; "Constitu-
tional Government," Thursday; and
the concluding lecture Friday, "Pri-
vate Economic Enterprise." All lec-
tures will be given at 4:15 p. m. in
the Rackham Amphitheatre.
Reds Advance
Within 40 Miles
Of Budapest
LONDON, DEC. 4-(1)-Red Army
spearheads had thrust tonight to the
flat, south shore of Lake Balaton in
southwestern Hungary, and to with-
in 40 miles of Budapest on the Dan-
ube's west bank, Berlin broadcasts
said.
There was no immediate confirma-
tion from Moscow that units of Mar-
shal Feodor 1. Tolbukhin's Third
Ukraine Army had reached the com-
paratively shallow, 50-mile long lake
guarding the approaches to Austria,
but the speed of his advance tended
to bear out the German report.
A Moscow dispatch said one of
Tolbukhin's Battalions had covered
100 miles in 24 hQurs and pictured the
German and Hungarian opposition as
stunned and reeling before the swift-
ness of his attack.
Berlin admitted that Soviet forces I
had thrust beyond Bunafoldvar, fort-
ress on the Danube's west bank that
fell to the Russians yesterday, to
within 40 miles of the Hungarian
capital.
These Red Army forces were driv-
ing toward Budapest for a possible
assault from the rear.
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ESTIMATED GERMAN STRENGTH CONFRONTING ALLIES--Arrows show current Allied offensives
in Europe and numbers indicate the reported disposition of German combat divisions. British army
sources estimate the Germans have 70 divisions on ti he Western front, 20 in Scandinavia, 140 on the
Eastern front, 20 in the Balkans, 30 in Italy and 20 i uside Germany. The Allies on the Western front
are driving toward the Ruhr, the Saar and Karlsruh e. Present Russian action is in Czechoslovakia and
Hungary. Bologn, is the key point on the Italian front. Pre-war Germany (1938) is shown in black.
Class Officers
In Engineering
To Be Elected
Voting Will Be Held
In Arch Tomorrow
Three of the nine men who sub-
mitted petitions will be chosen offi-
cers of the class of 1945, College of
Engineering, in the voting to be held
tomorrow in the Engine Arch.
President, vice-president and sec-
retary-treasurer will be chosen from
the group that includes Richard
Barnard, Robert Champion, William
Culligan, Donald Davie, Nicholas
Krusko, Francis Nutto, Robert Pre-
cious, James Wallis and Richard
Seitz.
Voters will list their first, second,
and third choices for their class
officers, rather than vote separately
for each office. The three candi-
dates receiving the most votes will
assume office, the highest total nam-
ing the president.
All 1945 graduates, including Naval
personnel that ordinarily would grad-
uate next year, will be eligible to
vote. They must present their iden-
tification cards, which will be punch-
ed as they vote.-
Sophomores petitioning for posi-
tions on the Engineering Council will
be chosen at the same time by mem-
bers of their class. Two of these
three- Charles Helmick, Richard
Mixer and George Spaulding-will be
elected, serving until their gradua-
tion.
'Cig' Inquiry Asked I
WASHINGTON, Dec. 5.-(/P-The
Federal Trade Commission is going
to try its hand at finding out where
the cigarettes have gone. Chairman I
Wheeler (Dem., Mont.) of the Senate
Interstate Commerce Committee re-
quested the investigation.
FOR YOUNG INVALII)S:
'Galens' To Solicit Funds for
Hospital Children's Workshop
ThirdArmy
Drive Nears
Key City
Advances Made on 21
Mile Lorraine Front
By The Associated Press
WITH, THE U.S. THIRD ARMY,
Dec. 4.-(7:30 p.m.)-The U.S. Third
Army resumed its advance late today
on a 21-mile front in Lorraine, driv-
ing within six and a half miles of
Saarbrucken, capital of the threat-
ened Saarland.
Other units were fighting to clean
out the eastern part of Saarlautern
beyond the captured Saar River
bridge.
Units of the Sixth Armored Divi-
sion entered Diebling, 5% miles west
of Sarreguemines, and captured.
nearby Theding.
Threaten Coal Mines
Beating off counterattacks by an
enemy alarmed at the rising menace
to his coal mines and factories, the
Third hurled more tanks and infan-
try into its expanding Saar River
bridgehead at Saarlautern and
fought deeper into the Siegfried Line.
The line's big guns blazed away at
Saarlautern and its captured bridge,
but Lt.-Gen. George S. Patton's
troops seized control of most of the
Saar's second city and extended their
grip on the west bank of the river to
a distance of 16 miles.
As the mighty Allied win-the-war
offensive thundered into another
week, the U.S. First Army pushed
farther along the Aachen-Cologne
superhighway to within 500 yards of
the Roer River. They were 22 airline
miles from Cologne's western out-
skirts.
Along the Roer River line, where
the Germans have massed the greater
part of their tanks and a third of
their infantry to protect the Ruhr,
the U.S. Ninth Army battled to drive
the last desperate defenders from
the west bank at the river fortress
of Julich.
Destroys Bridgehead
The British Second Army to the
northwest wiped out the enemy
bridgehead on the west bank of the
Maas River at Venlo, and drove the
Germans back across the stream with
their backs to the Reich.
The German position on the Alsa-
tian plain was deteriorating, and a
front dispatch said resistance ap-
peared broken southwest of Selestat,
where the U.S. Seventh Army was
about 26 miles from the French First
Army fighting up from the south
toward Colman.
All resistance ended in Strasbourg,
and American forces swinging north-
west of the city seized Zinswiller,
nine miles south of the German
Palatinate, a region of agriculture
and industry lying east of the Saar:
Mail Christmas
Parcels Early
Oswald J. Koch, local postmaster,
issued a plea yesterday for early
mailing of Christmas packages and
cards.
Railroad facilities will soon be
overcrowded with Christmas mail and
parcels, and last-minute mailing this
year will undoubtedly result in after-
Christmas deliveries, he stated.
To avoid delay and disappoint-
ment, Christmas gifts should be mail-
ed now, since transport facilities are
taxed to the limit with war traffic,
which takes precedence over all oth-
ers, he said.
Christmas gifts mailed early may
be marked "Do not open until Christ-
mas."
I
Niehuss, Briggs T o Be
New Vice-Presidents
Herbert Watkins Named as Secretary;
Adams To Assume Provost Duties Jan.1
In a move designed to "reorganize top administrative posts" President
Alexander G. Ruthven yesterday announced four new appointments to key
administrative posts aimed "at preparing the University to meet post-war
problems."
A general survey within the administrative set-up was conducted by a
committee of the Board of Regents and duties and responsibilities of the
new vice-presidential positions were streamlined, the president indicated.
The new, appointments are:
Prof. Marvin L. Niehuss of the Law School and Prof. Robert P. Briggs
of the business administration school were named vice-presidents "of equal
rank."
Funds to maintain the children's
workshop on the ninth floor of the
University Hospital will be solicited
by the Galens, the honorary under-
graduate medical fraternity, in their
annual sale of tags Friday and Sat-
urday, December 8 and 9.
Goal of the Galens will be to bet-
ter the $3,000 they raised in their
two-day drive last year, Robert Ide-
son, Med. '45, chairman of the drive,
has announced.
To help relieve the restlessness of
the younger children when confined
to the hospital, the Galens have fur-
nished a junior sized workshop, com-
plete with jigsaw, hammers, saws and
woodburners, reserved exclusively for
recuperating patients between the
ages of seven and 13.
There for two hours every week-
day afternoon the children are allow-
*
G reePartisans
Get Ultimatum
ATHENS, Dec. 4.-(/P)-An ulti-
matum to quit the Athens area was
served on armed men of the leftist
EAM (National Liberation Front)
today as the bullet-punctuated Greek
crisis mounted with a general strike
and open battle in one section of!
the capital.
.Martial law and a curfew were
imposed by Premier George -Papan-
dreou's British-supported govern-
ment.
The crisis was precipitated by EAM
refusal to disarm and disband its
militia, -the Elas. The EAM insisted!
that the mountain brigade formed
in exile under Papandreou's regime
be demobilized simultaneously and
charged it had right-wing tendencies.
ed to make practically any wood cre-
ation they desire, with the aid of the
plans, materials and equipment pro-
vided by the Galens.
'Bond Buying
Battalion To
Get Football
To stimulate sales of War Bonds
during the Sixth War Loan Drive,
Naval authorities on campus yester-
day offered a new Michigan football,
inscribed with the autographs of all
members of the team, to the battal-
ion purchasing the largest amount
of bonds,
Yesterday was pay-day for Naval
trainees on the campus, Lt. Paul
Blansett, in charge of bond sales,
said, and the bluejackets purchased
bonds in denominations of E, F and
G. Total purchases have not been
tallied yet, Blansett said.
In the county, sales approached
the $8,164,000 goal as more than
$5,000,000 in bonds of all denomina-
tions were purchased.
With only 12 more days remaining
to the Sixth War Loan Drive, faculty
members, administration members,
and students have bought a total of
$32,195 in war bonds.
Competition among Bond Belle
teams is being led by team 15, headed
by Beverly Wittan and selling to
administration members, with 66
sales to its credit. Second is Jean
Gaffney's team two, engineering
school, which has sold 50 bonds.
Selling to Law School, Pat Barrett's
team five is third with 43 sales.
Fourth is team one, selling to literary
school and headed by Barb Osborne,
with 42 sales.
Although competition at the pres-
ent time is being based on the num-
ber of sales, in order to be fair to the
teams with small schools, final stand-
ings will be made on the basis of the
ratio between the number of bonds
sold and the number of persons ap-
proached, Frances Goldberg, chair-
man of the drive, announced yester-
day.
U Veterans To
Hold Meeting
Laszlo Hetenyi, president of the
Veterans Organization issued a spe-
cial call to campus veterans to at-
tend the regular meeting to be held
at 7 p. m. tomorrow in the Union.
At the same time he reminded all
candidates for office to obtain eligi-
Adams Named Provost
Dr. James P. Adams, now vice-
president of Brown University, whose
appointment as provost was an-
nounced two weeks ago, will assume
his duties here Jan. 1, 1945.
At their last meeting, the Board
of Regents elevated Herbert G. Wat-
kins from assistant secretary to sec-
retary and assistant vice-president to
aid in the work of conducting Uni-
versity business activities.
President Ruthven outlined three
pressing reasons explaining why these
changes are being made at this time.
The "postwar problems we can see
before us, the need for immediate
preparation to meet them, and va-
cancies in staff positions now or soon
to exist," were cited.
Meads 'U' Program
Since early 1942, Professor Niehuss
has been director of Division for Em-
ergency Training and it has been his
duty to organize and superivse all
service programs on campus as well
as other University war work.
A native of Louisville, Ky., where
he was born in 1903, Prof. Niehuss
received his A. B. here in 1925 and
his LL.B in 1930. He has been or
the law school staff since 1933 with
the exception of two years from 1934-
36 in private practice in Chicago.
To Conduct Public Relations
In his new role as University vice-
president, Prof. Niehuss will assume
responsibility for the relations of the
University with other institutions and
groups. This appointment fills a
position which has been vacant since
the retirement of Dr. James Bruce in
1942.
Speaking of his past record, Dr,
Ruthven stated "his experience and
record have shown he is fully able
to serve as the coordinator and ad-
viser in formulating University plans
and activities that affect our rela-
tions with other institutions and or-
ganizations." He was appointed as
of Dec. 1.
Will Direct 'U' Business
Prof. Briggs, who has been on leave
of absence in war service for the past
two years, as a vice-president will
assume the responsibility of direct-
See APPOINTMEN'TS, Page 4
Soong Takes New
Duties as Premier,
CHUNGKING, Dec. 4.-(iP)-For-
eign Minister T. V. Soong, brother
of Mrs. Chiang Kai-Shek, assumed
the duties of Premier of China today
in a popular move apparently paving
the way for a working agreement
between the central government anc
the Communists of north China.
Soong's attitude toward the Com-
munists is known to be moderate, and
his accession to greater influence
comes coincidentally with uncon-
firmed reports of an agreement in
principle between the two parties tc
wage a common war against Japan.
Aid Stethtnts
MacLeislh, Rockefeller,
Clayton Also Appointed
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, Dec. 4.-Direction
of the nation's foreign affairs, alrea-
dy under a new Secretary of State,
was put almost entirely in new hands
today by a sweeping top-level shake-
up.
The resignations of three-old-line
officials were accepted with regret,
and President Roosevelt appointed
the following men to aid Secretary
Edward Ri. Stettinius:
Under-Secretary-Joseph C. Grew,
blue-blooded Bostonian, career dip-
lomat and first-hand studet of
Japan, where he was ambassador for
nine years prior to Pearl Harbor.
Assistant Secretary William L.
Clayton of Texas, who rose from an
$8 a week stenographer's job to be
the world's largest cotton merchant,
MacLeish Appointed
Assistant Secretary - Archibald
MacLeish, poet, soldier, and editor
who is now Librarian of Congress and
once headed the Office of Facts and
Figures, forerunner of OW.
Assistant Secretary-Nelson Rock-
efeller, grandson of "John D." and
now coordinator of inter-American
affairs.
The appointments put heavy em-
phasis on economic affairs in foreign
policy. The only experienced diplo-
matist in the list sent to the Senate
for confirmation is Grew.
Clayton, who formerly headed the
cotton brokerage firm of Anderson,
Clayton and Company, Texas, was
until recently Surplus War Property
Administrator, but served notice he
would not take charge of the job of
disposing of such property under a
newly-enacted law, which he con-
sidered inadequate. In his State
Department post he will be in charge
of economic affairs.
Overseas Public Relations
MacLeish will have charge of cul-
tural and public relations. Rockefel-
ler will oversee Latin-American rela-
tions, with an assignment also to
integrate the work of his present
office into the State Department
while terminating its strictly war-
time activities "as war conditions
permit.'
The biggest surprise among the
resignations was in the case of Berle.
Breckinridge Long is in ill health and
currently resting in Florida. G. How-
land Shaw desires to leave govern-
ment work, at least for the time
being, to do rehabilitation work with
the nation's wayward boys. Later if
the federal government joins in this
worki he may return to government
service.
These sweeping changes leave only
one of former Secretary Cordell
Hull's assistants in office. That is
Dean Acheson who will have general
responsibility for State Department
relations with Congress and also will
deal with international conferences.
Union Will Conduct
Election Tomorrow
Election of vice-presidents of the
Union from the Medical, Literary and
Dental Schools will take place tomor-
row.
In order to vote, members must
carry their identification cards, which
will be punched. No campaigning
will be allowed within 50 feet of the
ballot boxes. Ballot boxes will be
located at the inside door of the
Engineering Arch, on the main floor
Grew Named to
New Posct To
YOUNG VIOLINIST:
Carroll Gleno,, lup' pear l
Choral Union Co,,1cerl Io-igh!,
SEA, AIR BATTLE:
6 Jap Forces Each Lose
Destroyerinr Clash off Leyte
CAMPUS EVENTS
Today Prof. Carl Becker of Cor-
nell speaks on second
Cook Lecture series at
4:15 p.m. in the Rackham
Amphitheatre.
Today Carroll Glenn, violinist.
8:30 p.m. at Hill Aud.
Dec. 6 Veterans Organization
meets at 7:00 p. i.,
ion,
Carroll Glenn, young American vi-
olinist, will be heard at 8:30 p. m.
today in the fifth Choral Union Con-
cert at Hill Auditorium.
The Detroit Symphony Orchestra
will be host to Miss Glenn at the
Thursday Subscription Concert. Karl
Kreuger and Carroll Glenn have
combined their talents before, and
it is by especial request of the con-
ductor that Miss Glenn will per-
'l
i
tion of Music Clubs, and the Schu-
bert Memorial Awards,
Miss Glenn was born and lived in
Chester, S. C. until she was eleven,
when she took up her duties with
Edouard Dethier of the Juilliard
School in New York. She is the
bride of Staff Sergeant Eugene List,
also a- graduate of Juilliard and one
of the most promising pianists to ap-
pear before the public in decades.
Appears With Orchestras
Miss Glenn has appeared with the
By the Associated Press
GEN. MAC ARTHUR'S HEAD-
QUARTERS, Philippines, Dec. 5,
Tuesday-American and Japanese
naval forces each lost a destroyer in
a sea and air clash in Ormoc Gulf off
Leyte Saturday night, headquarters
reported today. In addition, another'
enemy destroyer was believed dam-
aged.
The majority of the American crew
members were rescued in a daring
action by far-roaming Catalina pa-
into the Gulf in the face of air
attacks and shore fire. American
destroyers daringly penetrated Or-
moc Bay for the first time last week,
shelling enemy supply and reinforce-
port of Ormoc.
To reach Ormoc, the vessels had
to skirt Leyte Island, stealing along
the enemy-held shorelines and slicing
through narrow passages and daring
mine-sown waters.
Down Six Planes