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VOL. LV, No. 144 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, FRIDAY, MAY 11, 1945
PRICE FIVE CENTS
Japanese Plants
Heavily
Damaged
Hiro Aircraft Factory, Tachikawa
Engine Works Hit by B-29 Raiders
By The Associated Press
GUAM, Friday, May 11-(P)-Two important Japanese aircraft works-
Hiro Naval Aircraft factory and Tachikawa Engine Plant-were damaged
heavily by recent B-29 raids, reconnaissance photographs disclosed today.
The pictures show the Hiro factory, five miles east of Kure on Hon-
shu island, was damaged 75 per cent in one attack, that of May 5. On
the same day, other Superfortresses caused 80 per cent roof area damage to
Soviet Army
Threatens To
Trap Germans
Fighting Continues
After Official Armistice
By The Associated Press
LONDON, Friday, May 11-Moscow
announced last night that German
forces in Czechoslovakia had refused
to surrender and that the Red Army
had "gone over to the attack" in a
powerful offensive that threatened to
trap hundreds of thousands of Nazi
troops in a. giant 9,900-square mile
pocket.
Bitter fighting was raging in
Czechoslovakia more than 48 hours
after the official end of all hostili-
ties in Europe. But elsewhere, rem-
nants of beaten Germany's once-
powerful surface and underwater
fleets surrendered while the British
Navy liberated England's own tiny
channel islands and Dunkerque-
seene of the war's greatest Allied
defeat-also was freed.
Under the all-out onslaught of
three Russian armies, some German
troops in Czechoslovakia were be-
ginning to lay down their arms, Mos-
cow reported. More than 63,000 were
taken prisoner Wednesday and
Thursday.
The Soviet war bulletin said that
"German troops commanded by
Field Marshal (Ferdinand) Schoer-
ner, infringing the act of capitu-
lation, refused to remain on the
spot and lay down their arms."
Schoerner himself is wanted by the
Russians as a war criminal.
"Coisequently troops of the First
Ukrainian front have gone over to the
attack," Moscow said. At the same
time, Moscow said that Marshal Ro-
dion Y. Malinovsky's Second Ukrain-
ian Army also had opened an offen-
sive against enemy troops command-
ed by Col. Gen. Wyller, which also
refused to surrender.
Marshal Ivan S. Konev's First
Ukrainians captured the towns of
Podborany, Nove-Straseci, Berounm
Gorowice, Kraljpe, Litomerice and
Ceska-Lipa on a 60-mile front
northwest and southwest of Prague.
Threatened by encirclement, one
group of Schoerner's army began to
surrender in disorder, Moscow said,
and 35,000 troops were captured. "An-
other group of Schoerner's forces,"
the communique said, "also infring-
ed capitulation terms and began to
withdraw to the west. These forces
were pursued across northeastern
Moravia and Bohemia from the Su-
detenland by Gen. Andrei I. Yere-
menko's Fourth Ukrainian Army,
which occupied Rychnov and Skote-
lee, and captured 20,000 enemy troops.
Swlintons Liberated
From Prison Camp
SAN FRANCISCO, May 10.--()-
Prof. Roy S. Swinton, on leave from
the College of Engineering, and Mrs.
Swintonearrived here yesterday a-
board a U.S. transport returning 164
civilians liberated from Philippine
prison camps.
The Swintons were interied at
Santo Tomas while the professor was
on sabbatical leave from the Univer-
sity.
CAMPUS EVENTS
Today The Graduate Council
sponsors a Mixer and
Dance at 8 p. m. EWT in
the Rackham Bldg.
Today Children's Theatre pres-
ents "The Elves and the
Shoemaker" at 3:45 p. m.
EWT In Lydia Mendel-
ssohn Theatre.
Today Petitions for Hillel Stu-
dent Council must be
turned in at the Founda-
tion.
Today Lane Hall Coffee Hour, 4-
6 p. tn. EWT.
MAy 12 Miss Kathleen N. Lardis,
nearby Hiro naval engine and turbine
factory.
The Tachikawa engine plant of
the Hitachi Aircraft Company in the
Tokyo area was 80 per cent burned
out April 24.
Major Buildings Damaged
All major buildings of the Hiro
Naval Aircraft Factory were severely
or completely damaged with the
single exception of one muli-colored
building which appeared to have suf-
fered three hits. Twenty-eight build-
ings sustained a total of 700,000
square feet of roof damage;
In the same attack, 870,000 square
feet of the roof area of the Hiro
naval engine and turbine factory
was damaged. Several buildings of
the nearby Hiro arsenal were de-
stroyed or damaged.
400 Giant Superforts
More than 400 giant Superforts
packing an explosive wallop equal to
the bomb tonnage of 1,000 Liberators
spread wide destruction in the aerial
attack.
The record-breaking assault left
smoke columns billowing more than
15,000 feet above ruins of fuel tanks
and plants at Tokyuama and Otake,
on southwestern Honshu island, main
unit of the Nipponese homeland
chain.
3,000 Mile Round Trip
All the targets were in the west-
ern areas around the Japan inland
sea, requiring a round trip flight or
more than 3,000 miles for the Super-
.forts.
Domei, the Japanese news agency,
estimated that yesterday's raid was
made by approximately 300 Super-
forts, but the enemy propagandists
have consistently minimized the strik-
ing forces inthe American raids. It
made no claims of planes shot down.
Reds Domminate
Balkan States,
Says Markham
"In every country in southeast
Europe, with the exception of Greece,
Russia has had its way and set up its
own government," Reuben H. Mark-
ham said yesterday in a lecture spon-
sored by the sociology department.
The growing coercive, dynamic
movements in the Baikans climaxed
in the fall of 1944. ±vlarkham said,
and in every case the present party
was put in power by the Russian
Army, which imposed its type of
government on the people, estab-
lished people's courts similar to those
in Mississippi, and closed the elec-
tions.
This e> treme radcicalism, he ex
plained, i the last of four steps
th'ough which the Balkan countries
have passed in developing from coun-
tries under Turkish domination. "Af-
ter liberty there came to power the
conservative group, which is, in
some countries, the land - owning
class. They gave the people a feeling
of self-respect."
The bourgeoisie obtained control
next and were known as the Liberals,
Progressives, or Democrats, Mark-
ham continued.
"When the liberal party became
the defendant of the status quo
which it had created, new parties,
such as the .National Peasant Party
in Romania, emerged," he said. "By
1928 the peasant movement had pe-
Lered out, and the students, younger
professors, young priests, and young
army officers went to the extreme
party."
$100,000
is Campus
Bond Quota'
University VetsTo
Act As Solicitors
One hundred thousand dollars has
been set as the University, quota in
the Seventh War Loan.
Campus veterans, delegating them-
selves bond solicitors, have set up
schedules to contact every member
of the University faculty purchases
during the drive. Some 25 veterans
have been assigned various depart-
ments to cover, and each is making
appointments with the men in his
department to discuss extra war bond
purchases for the campaign.
"Although initial sales are coming
in rather slowly, as soon as the na-
Blood Donations Due
Persons who signed up for blood
donations are reminded that ap-
pointments have been scheduled
between 12:30 and 4:30 p. m. EWT
(11:30 a. m. to 3:30 p. in. CWT)
today at the Blood Bank, which is
located on the second floor of the
WAB.
tional campaign gets under way, we
should have no difficulty in securing
full cooperation from the faculty fTr
war bond purchases," John Crispin,
head of the campus veterans organi-
zation, affirmed yesterday.
The campus drive has begun one
wFek earlie than the city, county'
and national drives, partly to offset
the general confusion attendant on
the close of the spiing term next
minth. The national -.ampaign will
extend until June 30, but directors
of the University solicitation hope to
have the quota filled by the fist week
in June.
Junior girls were organized yester-
day into, bond selling teams under
the general direction of Joan Schlee,
new assistant JGP chairman. They
will complement the soliciting work
of the veterans, covering the Uni-
versity -:tafi other than the faculty.
The coeds' operations will begin
Monday, with ten of the girls acting
as unit leaders with three or four
junior girls to assist them.
All bonds purchased by University
personnel through the cashier's of-
fice, the veterans and the junior
girls will be credited to the University
total. The campaign directors warn
that bonds purchased through banks
and c4her organizations that have
ao specific quotas to fill wil not be
counted in the University total unless
the buyer indicates his purchase as
such, and reports it to the cashier's
office.
Individual stamp purchases will
not be counted in totalling the Uni-
versity bond sales. The campaign
directors have urged, however, that
students complete as many stamp
booklets as they can, because each
filled book turned in for a bond will
all the University in reaching its aimn
of $ ),0Ci worth of bonds.
Chinese, Yanks
Holr Jap Drive
CHUNGKING, Friday. May 11-(R)
- Chinese troops with powerful
American air support smashed a
major Japanese drive on the Ameri-
can air base at Chihkiang Wednes-
day and drove on for a 9%2-mile
gain, killing more than 1,000 invad-
ers, the Chinese high command an-
nounced today.
The victory, possibly the turning
point in the campaign to oust the
enemy from the Chinese interior, led
to the encirclement of enemy units
at Tungkow, on a main highway 70
miles east of Chihkiang, and at
Shammen, ,75 miles east of the air-
base, which is 250 miles southeast of
the capital.
The Chinese said they had captured
points 20 and 25 miles northwest of
Poaching.
Point Score, Based on Toughness,
io
Determine Soldiers' Release
FRENCH LEADERS FREED FROM GERMAN PRISON-French leaders prior to the German invasion of
1940 pose,. after their liberation from a- German prison at Itter Castle, Austria. with Maj. Gen. Anthony
M. McAuliffe (third from right), commanding general of the 103rd Division who once said, "NUTS" to
German surrender demands. In the group are (L to R) Edouard Daladier, Premier 'in 1939; Madame
Weygand; Gen. Maximne Weygand, Army commander during the fall of France; Gen. McAuliffe; Paul
Reynaud, Premier in 1940; Gen. Maurice Gamelin, Army commander at the start of war.
Length
of Service, Dependency,
(AP Wirephoto from Signal Corps radiophoto from Paris)
Et-hel Is enbe rg
Plays Leading
Role as Wid 'st
Speech Students Give
'Elves and Shoemaker'
Ethel Isenberg stars as Widget, one
of the chief elves in "The Elves and
the Shoemaker" which opens at 3:45
p.m. EWT (2:45 p.m. CWT) today in
the Lydia Mendelssohn Theater.
Miss Isenberg was last seen as
"Judy" in the comedy "Junior Misa '
presentee by Play Production of the
speech department last semester.
"Thei Nes and the Shoemaker"'
is .adapted from the popular fairy
tale and concerns the trials and trib-
War TrnigProgram.
Planns To Close Jl
The Engineering, Science and Management War Training program,
which has trained more than 12,000 men and women since November 1940,
will be discontinued after. July 1, Prof. Robert H. Sherlock, of the engineer-
ing college revealed yesterday.
The purpose of the program was to supply additional personnel in
these fields and to upgrade skills of those already in industry. All courses
were given on non-credit basis with the exception of one dealing with radar
Year Overseas,'
In Army, Child,
To Count High
1,300,000 Men Will
Be Released Next Year
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, May 10.- Sol-
diers who have rolled up a point
score of 85-based on length and
toughness of service and fatherhood
-are eligible for release, the War
Department disclosed today.
Twelve Point Counts
One child, one year in the Army,
one year overseas count 12 points
each under the system for cutting
the fighting force. Each combat dec-
oration adds five points.
Approximately 1,300,000 men, in-
eluding 650,000 in Europe and 433,000
in the Pacific area, will be released
during the next 12 months under the
plan,
This number may be stepped high-
er by maintaining draft calls above
actual replacement needs.
Other factors
Another 700,000 men also are
scheduled to be released from service
because of physical disability, age, or
other factors.
"Critical" scores for the various
forces-air, ground, service and
WACS-have not yet been set but to
avoid any delay in demobilization, the
Army has fixed the interim score of
85 (44 for WACS) as the minimum
for discharge. These minima may be
lowered later.
Those who have built up the. re-
quired score are eligible for release
now and some of them will move to
separation centers within a week.
However, some men with the re-
quired score may be retained because
the Army needs their special skills
and no replacement is immediately
available. Officials said every possi-
ble step would be taken to obtain re-
placements for such men.
Eligibility Score Card
The score card for computing eli-
gibility for discharge, was released
simultaneously at the War Depart-
ment and to soldiers around the
world. Here is the weight given to
each factor:
One point will be credited for each
month of army service since Sep-
tember 16, 1940. (The time of ser-
vice is computed from the date the
soldier reached the reception center.
Any 15-days or more will count as a
month).
Service in the armed forces of an
ally nation, or in the Navy, Marines
or Coast Guard will be credited as
though it were U. S. Army service.
One point will be given for each
month served overseas since Septem-
ber 16, 1940.
Army Decorations
Five points will be given for each
Army award for combat, such as the
Distinguished Service Cross, Purple
Heart and battle participation stars;
for each similar award made by the
Navy and for each award or decora-
tion granted by a foreign country and
recognition by the War Department.
Twelve points will be allowed for
each child under 18 years, up to a
maximum of three children.
Service Troops
Moved to Chia
for which credit was given to senior s
electrical engineers and graduate stu-
dents in physics.
ESMWT program was financed
by the federal government through
the United States Office of Educa-
tion. Seven of the 200 institutions
participating were in Michigan.
Many courses were given in Michi-
gan cities through the University Ex-
tension Service, but the majority of
the work was presented in full-time.
courses for various branches of the
armed services.rTeachers were fac-
ulty men from the University and
men from industrial corporations.
Although most of the trainees at
first were men, women were trained
to a great extent. At one time there
were 250 women on campus who spent
40-48 hours per week in class and
laboratory. The University trained
1,500 inspectors for Army Ordnance
and the Army Air Forces.
Surveying, topography mapping,
and photogramnmetry for women
college graduates were offered here
to train them for work with the
Army Map Service. Men were sent
here from Wright Field, Ohio, for
courses dealing with radar and
radio for the Signal Corps.
ESMWT took over much of the
college level work of training men
in technical fields that many large
corporations had been doing because
the universities and colleges could
handle it more conveniently and ef-
fectively.
Ann Arbor Man
Reported Prisoner
First Lt. William Breitmayer, son
of Mr. and Mrs. W. V. Breitmayer of
Ann Arbor, missing since his plane
was shot down over Austria Feb. 7,
was reported taken prisoner and his
release is awaited.
HELLZAPOPPIN!
Zaniest Dance
In U' History
Is Union Boast.
EDITOR'S NOTE: Perry Logan, The
Daily's Roving Reporter, was shanghaied
by two Union publicity men to cover
Hellzapoppin.
Hellza will be poppin' on the laid-
in floors and with the laid-out dan-
cers in the Union ballroom come
tomorrow night.
Set to stage the zaniest dance in
campus history, the Union Executive
Council has redoubled its effort; to
make itself worthwhile on campus.
Guaranteed to reduce the once proud
Rainbow Room to a shambles, the
Hellzauoppin fray will cater only to
masculine ne'er-do-wells who long
ago gave up trying to dance to Bill
Layton';' music.
Johnny Burtt. a ti aveling magi-
clan, will mingle with the paying
guests, doing his special disappear-
ing feats. All loose wallets, combs,
1)raceet' and garter straps should be
guarded carefully, as Burtt has been
acclaimed a master of the art. Coun-
cil members were working on a
scheme whereby the magician him-
self would disappear, but Burtt's par-
ents objected.
A real live spouting still will be
set up in one corner of the dance
ficer. If aAi one but a Council mem-
ber gets within five feet of it, the
Union loses its franchise As yet no
diquid i ereshments have been or-
dered for the still, as the Council is
split into two warring camps, the
one repre.Eaxting the Seagram people
and the cthei the Vernor's interests.
.4
EThEl ISENBERG
ulatioas (" the elves in saving the
kind shoemaker's shop from the
scheming old witch, Heckla.
Naomi Vincent is cast as the "shoe-
maker" and Jacqueline Kramer and
Serene Sheppard play the roles of
his wife and daughter, respectively.
Pat Ficard portrays the witch with
Carolyn West and Gloria Ann Salter
cast as two of the chief elves who
help Widget outwit the cruel Heckla.
Others in the cast include: Mae
Dix, Margaret Walsh, Mary Woods,
Barbara Weisberg, Shirley Arm-
strong and Babette Blum.
e
1
a
SYMBOLIC SLOGAN: SIGHT SOPH, SINK SAME:
Sophomores, Freshmen To Clash in Class Games Classic
WASHINGTON, May 10-(P)--A
big shift of American service troops
and transport to China was disclosed
today 24 hours after the army reveal-
ed that it expects to unload supplies
on the China coast.
The latest development was a War
Department report that service
troops, in a huge truck convoy, al-
ready have been moved. to China
from the Persian Gulf Area where
they helped supply the Soviet Army.
General Brehon Somervell injected
a reference to China into news con-
ference discussion yesterday of prob-
lems confronting the service forces,
which he commands, in getting
equipment into the Pacific theatre.
Unlike the European theatre when
there were excellent docks and suffi-
cient manpower in Britain to handle
the supplies, he said facilities and
matilfomm i .rp vf aP-vl mse
The campus spirit that pitted
sophomore against freshman for
the honor of his class in Black Fri-
days from the turn of the century
until the second war will be roused
Class Gaines is in no way connec-
ted with the Black Fridays whose
memories still live in Union posters,
but it is the direct outgrowth of that
old Michigan class rivalry. Until it
earc "1101 mf 11 fit.R oL.1t s
to be worn until the next com-
! encemflenEt. The going got rough
when sophomores tried to shoot
the flag down.
Outlawed in 1940, Class Games, a
meeting of dormitory heads Wednes-
day. One captain for each class will
be chosen from each of the men's
dorms-Allen Rumsey, Wenley, Flet-
cher, Adams and the combined fra-
ternti htv ii
function of the Class Games pro-
gram. Heyliger will act as coach
and adviser for the freshmen, and
Riske for the sophomores.
The games will be played for
noints. In the only contest held thus