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VOL. LV, No. 100 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN WEDNESDAY, MARCH 21, 1945
PRICE FIVE CENTS
Yanks
Wipe Out Nazi Resistance
in Saar
_ :
Stettin Laid
Open to Final
Red Assault
Soviets Take Last
Outpost of Atdamir,
By The Associated Press
LONDON, March 20 - Russian
troops, laying open flaming Stettin
to a final assault, today captured the
Pomeranian capital's last outpost of
Altdamm, 70 miles northeast of Ber-
lin, and wiped out the powerfully
fortified German bridgehead there on
the east bank of the swampy lower
Oder River, Moscow announced.
Far to the east other Soviet forces
slashed into the enemy's partly-flood-
ed east Prussian pocket southwest of
Koenigsberg, capturing the ancient
bastion of Braunsberg and 40 other
towns and hamlets.
Captured Men and Guns
Moscow announced these victories
in two orders of the day, and a com-
munique and said that more than
3,000 German officers and men and
more than 300 guns were captured in
the fighting in East Prussia yesterday
and today.
At the same time the Germans said
that Marshal Feodor I. Tolbukhin
had hurled 200,000 of his Third
Ukraine Army troops, and supporting
armor, into a new offensive in north-
western Hungary, sweeping within 58
miles of the Austrian frontier on
the road to Vienna.
Moscow has not confirmed this
operation, which the Germans said'
began last weekend, and created a'
"temporary critical situation" for the
Nazis. Berlin said the Russians were
beyond Tata, which is 10 miles south-
east of the big Danube River strong-
hold of Komarom (Komarno).
Drive Into Cechoslovakia
Another German broadcast indi-
cated that Marshal Ivan S. Konev's
First Ukraine Army had smashed
across the Moravian-Upper Silesian
frontier into Czechoslovakia in a drive]
outfianking Moravska - Ostrava,i
Czechoslovakia's third city and gate-1
way to the Moravian gap leading to
Vienna and Prague.
The Germans told of fighting near
Troppau (Opava), two miles inside
Moravia, and 17 aniles northwest of
Moravska-Ostrava.
Factories Captured at Bresla
Moscow dispatches said meanwhile
that Russian shock troops, fighting
inside besieged 'Breslau, upper Sile-
sian capital 100 miles northwest of
Moravska-Ostrava, had captured a
number of buildings of the Junkers
Auto Factory and had gained on the
approaches to the Central Freight
Station. Five German counterat-
tacks were repulsed at Hindenburg
Square in the southern part of Bres-
lau, a city of 630,000 and the Reich's
eighth largest.
arrer Midway ,
Joins U.S. Fleet
NEWPORT NEWS, Va., Mar. 20.-
(A)-The 45,000-ton aircraft carrier
Midway, largest warship ever built
and which will carry a type of air-
craft so new that it has not yet seen
combat action, joined the United{
State fleet today.
The giant carrier was launched at
the Newport News Shipbuilding and
Drydock Company ways in ceremon-]
ies at which Artemus L. Gates, assis-I
tant secretary of the Navy for air,
was the principal speaker.
Assistant Secretary Gates termed
the Midway a "two fisted fighter."
To safeguard the Midway, the as-1
sistant secretary declared, it has
been given heavy armor, intricate
water-tight compartments and im-
proved damage control representing
"great strides in the direction of in-
vulnerability."
CAMPUS EVENTS
Today Sophomores may sign tpt
for Soph Cabaret Com-
mittees from 1 p.m. to
5:30 p.m. in the League.
Today American Chemical Soci-
ety will hold monthly
meeting at 7:45 p.m. in
Rm. 303, Chemistry Bldg.
Today Prof. A. W. Binder will
begin lecture series on
sacred music sponsored
by SRA and the School
King George Hails Fall
Of Mandalay to British
Also Capture Mogok,
Crush Ft. Dufferini
By The Associated Press
CALCUTTA, Mar. 20.-Mandalay,
Burmna's second city, fell today to
British 14th Army troops.
King George VI hailed the con-
quest as a "notable landmark" of
the war in a congratulatory message
to Admiral Lord Louis Mountbatten,
supreme Allied commander in south-
east Asia.
The fabled city was secured after
British and Indian troops crushed
the last, fanatical resistance in thick-
waledFort Dufferin, last Japanese
stronghold.
Mountbatten said the conquest and
the entire Burma campaign was ac-
FoodShortatsre
Threat Cited
President To Explain
Scarce Supply Friday
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, March 20-Gov-
ernment attention clung on the na-
tional food situation today and Pres-
ident Roosevelt promised a state-
ment.
He will give it Friday to his news
conference. He said he thinks the
country should know what has hap-
pened.
Congress moved swiftly toward a
food investigation in both domestic
and foreign aspects. A special sen-
ate subcommittee was formed with
Senator Thomas (D.-Okla,) as its.
chairman.
From the farmers themselves came
news that planted acreage this year,
will be almost on a par with that of
last year when it was the highest of
the war. Production is expected to
be 5 to 10 per cent lower.
The house received from its ap-
propriations committee a $833,801,-
932 supply bill for the agriculture
department about like those in the
past. The committee had turned
down two proposals to cut payments
to farmers. It approved continu-
ance of the school lunch program.
Some congressmen pooh-poohed
talk of food shortages.
Aorieulture
Appropriatioi1
D111 Proposed
WASHINGTON, March 20-(/P)-
Testimony that two agriculture de-
partment sub-officials had "criminal
records" was submitted to the house
today along with a bill to appropri-
ate $833,801,932 for the department.
The bill, which reflected appropri-
ations committee opposition to pro-
posals of the budget bureau for cuts
on farm benefit payments, followed
the usual pattern of agriculture ap-
propriation bills.
But its accompanying testimony on1
police records, and on complaints
that the Commodity Credit Corpora-
tion had bungled some food pur-I
chases to the extent of spoilage, pro-s
vided the house with new debate ma-
terial.-
The men referred to as having had
criminal records were identified by
their superiors in the qCC as:
Edmund G. Benser of Bethesda,
Md., former chief fiscal officer of
the CCC's office of distribution.
Joseph Hatch, acting chief of the
CCC's program liaison branch.
Dr. Gross To
Speak Friday
Dr. Feliks Gross, editor of "New
Europe," New York monthly review
of international affairs, will lecture1
on "Small Nations in Post-War Eur-
complished "against a background of
what are perhaps the most difficult
lines of communications in any the-
ater of war."
36th Occupies Mogok
British 36th Division troops, mean-
while, occupied Mogok, the ruby cap-
ital of the world which is 65 miles
west of Lashio on the Burma Road
and 65 miles northeast of Mandalay.
These troops were driving to clear
all of the area north of the Manda-
lay-Lashio road.
The battle for Mandalay was one
of the bitterest of the entire Burma
campaign. Japanese had holed up in
the mile and a half square, thick-
walled fort and resisted bitterly.
Japs Say Garrison Doomed
The Japanese high command has
advised the doomed garrison that no
reinforcements were possible and the
only recourse was "glorious death."
With the fall of Mogok, enemy re-
sistance north of the Burma Road
virtually ended. Chinese troops are
mopping up near Hsipaw and the
whole center of fighting in Burma
now shifts to south of Mandalay.
The enemy has been reacting
strongly in the Meiktia sector where
all escape routes are cut off and an
estimated 30,000 Japanese are trap-
ped west and north of Meiktila.
Probe of State
Prison Follo'ws
Medley Escape
By The Associated Press
JACKSON, Mich., Mar. 20.-State
officials today began a formal inves-
tigation of conditions at state prison
of southern Michigan, centering
their attention on the escape of Jos-
eph Medley, convicted kidnaper, on
Nov. 27.
Investigators also probed reported
importation of liquor and narcotics
into the prison and a four-day "holi-
day" enjoyed by a prisoner, who was
sent to Detroit to "peddle" a song
written by two convicts and a prison
employe.
Suspend Guard
Lt. Howard Freeland, a state pris-
on guard, who had charge of Medley
at the time of the latter's escape,
was suspended by Warden Harry H.
Jackson as the probe got under way.
Jackson said Freeland "told conflict-
ing stories about the incident."
Medley became the object of a
nation-wide police hunt shortly after
his escape, when police and federal
agents sought him for questioning in
the slaying of two women and the
death of a third. He was arrested
Sunday by FBI agents at St. Louis
and was taken to Washington where
he will face a charge in the slaying
of Mrs. Nancy Boyer.
Tells Conflicting Stories
Warden Jackson and state correc-
tions director Garrett Heyns said
Freeland originally told them that
M'edley fled while he was being taken
into Jackson to buy $700 worth of
war bonds for prison inmates. He
said Medley made his get-away while
Freeland was parking their automo-
bile.
The state officials reported today
that Freeland had told them Medley
escaped after the two men visited
Freeland's home.
Prison officials and one inmate
were interrogated at today's hearing,
which was closed to newspapermen.
Assistant attorney-general Harry W.
Jackson and state police captain Har-
old Mulbar joined warden Jackson
and Heyns in the investigation.
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STATUTE MILES -- c-
WHERE YANKS CLOSED IN ON GERMANS--Arrows locate advances
by U. S. Seventh and Third armies which formed a junction, capturing
the historic cities of Saarbruecken, Zweibruecken and Worms. Con-
tact was made about 12 miles west of Kaiserlautern.
Prof. Binder To Open Sacred
Music Lecture Series Today
Tak TreepCiies
In Juncture Drive,
Armies Seize Zweibruecken, Worms,
Saarbruecken; Third Reaches Mainz
By The Associated Press
PARIS, Wednesday, March 21-The U. S. Seventh and Third Armies
formed a junction in the Saarland yesterday in a great coordinated assault
that virtually wiped out the last German resistance west of the Rhine and
captured the historic cities of Saarbruecken, Zweibruecken and Worms.
Contact between the two armies was made at a point about 12 miles
west of Kaiserslautern by elements of the Seventh Army's Sixth Armored
Division and the Third Army's 26th Infantry Division.
Third Army Reaches Mainz
The Third Army, which drove through Kaiserslautern, reached the
ancient Rhine-bank city of Mainz.
Saarbruecken, a city of 135,000 pop-
Prof. A. W. Binder of the Jewish
Institute of Religion will give the
first of a series of three lectures in
sacred music at 8 p.m. today in Kel-
logg Auditorium under the sponsor-
- BULLETIN -
Workers Riot in Berlin
ON THE GERMAN - SWISS
FRONTIER, Mar. 20.-(P)-Near-
ly 1,200 demonstrators, mostly wo-
men, marched through the work-
ing class sections of Berlin March
10 demanding that the capital be
declared an open city, it was re-
ported here today.
These reports said that in east-
ern and northern Berlin regular
police patrols had been replaced by
SS (Elite Guards) in armored cars.
The Nazis reportedly fear more
open action and are talkigg of
martial law for the whole Berlin
area.
Italian Patriots
Hit Nazi Forces
ROME, March 20-(P)-Patriots in
northern Italy are carrying out in-
creasingly widespread attacks against
German forces and vital enemy tar-
gets, a 15th army group communique
said today. Land operations along
the Italian battlefront again were
limited to patrol clashes.
A 12th Air Force staff officer de-
clared that Allied aerial activity
against the Brenner pass line and
other enemy transport routes had
made it questionable whether ' the
Germans could evacuate their ground
forces from northern Italy if they
wanted to do so.
ship of the School of Music and the
Student Religious Association.
Lecturing on "Jewish Life in Jew-
ish Music," Prof. Binder will illus-
trate his lecture both vocally and
instrumentally. He now holds the
position as director of the depart-
ment of music of the Young Men's
Hebrew Association. In 1917 he was
awarded the Mosenthal Fellowship
in composition and also has pub-
lished a collection of the Songs of
New, Palestine And the Chalutsim,
the first collection of this kind ever
to be made.
Both Composer and Conductor
Prof. Binder is choirmaster of the
Free Synagogue, Carnegie Hall, of
which Dr. Stephen S. Wise is rabbi.
While in Palestine in 1931, he per-
formed a clarinet-quintet, art songs
set to Hebrew texts and an overture
"Ha-Chalutsim." This was the first
time in the history of musica'l life in
Palestine that a Jewish composer
had presented the premiere of a Jew-
ish orchestral work there. The con-
certs were given by the Palestine
Symphonic Assembly under Prof.
Binder's direction in both Tel-Aviv
and Jerusalem.
Music Seminar Postponed
This lecture will be followed by a
talk on "The Place of Music in Prot-
estant Worship" by Dr. Helen A.
Dickinson of the Union Theological
Seminary on April 18 and "Gregor-
ian Chant" by the Rev. Frank J.
Flynn of the Sacred Heart Seminary
on May 23.
The regular SRA Wednesday Mu-
sic Seminar will be postponed this
week in order that its members may
attend Prof. Binder's lecture..
ulation and the capital and economic
center of the industrial Saar, fell to
Lt. Gen. Alexander M. Patch's sev-
enth Army as did Zweibruecken, 17
miles to the east.
Worms Seized
Worms, on the Rhine about midway
between Mainz and Ludwigshafen-
Mannheim, was seized in a lightning
stab by the Fourth Armored and 90th
Infantry Divisions of Lt. Gen. George
S. Patton's Third Army.
The sensational drive by the two
American armies operating in unison
disposed of the German Seventh Ar-
my and bottled up much of the Ger-
man First Army-the last two enemy
armies west of the Rhine.
Under the unrelenting assault, the
enemy's defenses in the Saarland sa-
lient collapsed and Nazi troops were
attempting to flee eastward by the
thousands under a storm of explo-
sives from American warplanes.
Knockout Blow
It was the knockout blow against
Nazi forces in the Rhine-Moselle-
Saar triangle as Patton's veteran ar-
mored divisions and infantry raced
virtually unchecked for gains ranging
up to 11 miles and approached an im-
minent junction with Lt. Gen. Alex-
ander M. Patch's U. S. Seventh Army,
drilling across the Saarland from the
south.
, Mainz, a city of 160,000 at the con-
fluence of the Rhine and Main rivers,
was reached after a spectacular dash
by the Fourth Armored Division and
the 90th Infantry working together.
The Fourth also made the plunge to
Worms, a city of 50,000 which lies 16
miles north of the twin industrial
cities of Mannheim and Ludwigs-
hafen.
Word was lacking immediately on
whether the Germans succeeded in
blowing the Rhine bridge at Worms.
It still was standing at last account.
Means Loss of Saar
Kaiserslautern, from which a sup-
er-military highway runs 23 miles
east to the Rhine, was the main sup-
ply point for Nazi forces in the Saar-
See WESTERN FRONT, Page 2
Red Cross Boothl
Will Be Placed on
Diagonal Tomorrow
A booth at which civilian men on
campus may give their Red Cross
War Fund contributions will be set
up from 8:45 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. to-
morrow on the diagonal.
The booth, which will be manned
by members of the Union staff, will
be opened in an effort to contact all
men who have not already been soli-
cited through their houses. Tom
Donnelly, AJS, chairman of the Un-
ion drive, emphasized the fact that
each man will be buying a member-
ship in the Red Cross, not just do-
nating his dollar.
Complete reports on the progress
of the League and Union Red Cross
drives are not yet available.
Archbishop of
York Demands
Hitler Be Killed
Speaks Before War
Crimes Commission
By The Associated Press
LONDON, Mar. 2.-A demand by
the Archbishop of York that "the
master criminals Hitler and Himmler
and their gang" should be killed on
the spot when captured was followed
today in the House of Lords by offi-
cial disclosure that the war crimes
commission already is screening Nazi
prisoners for trial.
The Archbishop, Dr. Cyril Garbett,
broke into the war crimes debate to
declare, "Sometimes justice has to
take precedence over mercy," and
asked instant death for Hitler and
Himmler "by those who catch them,"
stern treatment for their torturing
subordinates, and punishment for
the whole German people.
The Archbishop of York based his
demand for instant death of the
Nazi leaders on the ground that
"public trial with its excitement and
sensation" should be avoided.
Reciting some of the horrors he
said he had learned about in Holland
only last week, including the beat-
ing to death of a ten-year-old boy,
the Archbishop contended that not
only master criminals but their sub-
ordinates who relayed or carried out
their orders should be killed.
"I am thinking," he said, "of the
horrible tortures in concentration
camps, of the burning of women and
children in that church in southern
France where the who epopulation
was massacred, of the grimes which
no man ought to commit, however
strong the orders given to him."
Fair, Warmer
Promised as
Spring Arrives
By The Associated Press
The weather bureau says spring Is
officially here. It arrived at 7:38
p. in. (EWT) last night.
Residents of the middle Atlantic
states would agree. From that re-
gion southward, temperatures were
balmy and skies were clear yester-
iay. Boston's high of 77 equaled the
record for March 20, and New York
City's 80 beat the 1921 record of 74.
But when New England's hopes of
greeting the new season with spring-
like weather were dampened by con-
tinuing showers, and rain drenched
the upper Ohio valley, colder weather
moved into the lower lake region,
lowering temperatures to freezing and
below.
Temperatures were below normal
in the northern plains states and the
lower Mississippi valley, and the Paci-
fic coast states, while recording nor-
mal temperatures of from 45 to 50
degrees, were soaked by spring rains.
Washington, D. C., however, re-
ported a harbinger of spring's "eth-
ereal mildness." The famed cherry
trees (once "Japanese," now "Kor-
ean") are in bloom.
0 0
OPA Bans Tie-in
Sales of Cigarets
Stipulations by local merchants
that cigarettes be purchased together
WASHINGTON ROUNDUP:
Study of Guaranteed Wage Ordered by FDR
By D. HAROLD OLIVER
WASHINGTON, March 20--('P)-
President Roosevelt today ordered
a study of plans for a guaranteed
annual wage, described by the War
Labor.Board as "one of the main
aspirations of American workers."
He told his news conference the
inquiry-requested by the WLB will
be made by the Office of War Mob-
ilization's advisory board of 12 head-
any action against New York for re-
laxing the ban.
2-Promised a statement Friday on
the food situations saying the country
ought to know what's happened.
3-Described as "iffy" a question
whether the government had any
plans to keep the coal mines running
in event of failure of the operators
and unions to reach a contract agree-
ment.
4-Said it would depend on the in-
has been talked about for ten years,
but only lately the unions have be-
come interested.
He made public a letter to Byrnes
asking. the study and said Byrnes
promised to get it under way im-
mediately. The President added
that the inquiry is "closely con-
nected with the problems of recon-
version and the transition from a
war economy to a peace economy."
With the letter he made public a
for a guaranteed annual wage is
part of the search for "continuity
of employment which is perhapsj
the most vital economic and social
objective of our times."
The president commented that
guaranteed wages would be relative-
ly simple in some industries and dif-
ficult in others.
The WLB, for example, in its re-
port to the White House recommend-