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VOL. LIV No. 17 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SATURDAY, NOV. 20, 1943
Russians Lose hitomir in Major Seti
PRICE FIVE CERNTS
ack
Australians Advance in
Battle near Finschhafen
Despite Rain and Fierce Jap Resistance
Jungle Troops Are Within 8 Miles of Goal
:"
By The Associated Press F
SOUTHWEST PACIFIC HEAD-
QUARTERS, Saturday, Nov. 20 =
Australian jungle troops on the Huon
Peninsula of northeastern New G#i-
nea have battled forward against
strong Japanese resistance and tor-
Showdown on
Food, Subsidies
Seen in House
Resolution Adopted by
Women Voter League
To Back Price Control
By The Associated Press
WA§HINGTON, Nov. 19.-Backing
for continued consumer food subsi-
dies came from the League of Women
Voters today while a powerful House
coalition drove on toward a climactic
showdown Monday in its fight to out-
law such payments.
One of the first major consumer
groups to enter the fight over subsi-
dies, the League declared through a
resolution adopted by its National
Board:
"Run lies ahead unless Congress
quits undermining price control and
if it persists'in its refusal to see that
subsidies are essential to price con-
trol; unless both Congress and the
President hold firm on wage stabili-
zation; and unless the Congress stops
backing away from using the taxing
power to curb inflation."
'The resolution"also declared the
League "is appalled at the extent to
which the interests of the country
are being betrayed by political lead-
ers who yield to the demands of spe-
'cial interest groups."
The House completed general de-
bate late today, and took the week-
end off to think over the arguments
of opposing forces with the likelihood
that several compromise amendments
will be offered-and defeated-Mon-
day before a vote is reached on the
bill itself.
The measure, in two parts, would
give a new lease on life to the Com-
modity Credit Corporation, but would
prohibit use of any government funds
for consumer subsidies, President
Roosevelt's chief weapon for holding
down food prices.
Yehudi Menuhin
Stars in Concert
Tuesday at 8:30
"At my age old friends pass away
and leave the world rather empty.
Your friendship in any case must be
-is-a remarkable thing and has
given me a new zest for life."
The writer of this was the com-
poser and conductor, the late Sir
Edward Elgar, and its recipient was
Yehudi Menuhin, the brilliant young
genius of the violin, who will give
the third concert of the Choral Un,
ion Series at 8:30 p. m. Tuesday in
Hill Auditorium.
Friendship Influences Life
The famous violinist's friendship
with Sir Edward Elgar exerted a
profound influence in Yehudi Menu-
hin's life, in spite of the fact that the
composer was sixty when Menuhin
was born and over seventy-five when
they first met in 1933. It was Men-
uhin who, after one trial perform-
ance, gained the honor of giving the
first performance of this British
composer's violin concerto.
Among the other great musicians
who have played a part in Menu-
bin's life, is the world famous violin-
ist, conductor and composer, Georges
Enesco.
Child Prodigy Transformed
His teacher for many years, Enes-
co was described by Menuhin as "the
man to whom I owe more than to
anyone except my parents. With
Enesco, Yehudi Menuhin associates
In.c ,ranm.enn frnm a child
"tuous terrain to within a mile of
Sattelberg, eight miles northwest of
Allied-held Finschhafen.
Artillery Gives Support
Supported by heavy artillery, mor-
tar and machine gun fire and bombi
ing and strafing sweeps by American
Mitchell and Marauder planes, the
Australians drew close to Japanese
positions which are on the edge of a
3,000 foot plateau and command the
whole Finschhafen area.
Gen. Douglas MacArthur's Head-
quarters announced the drive's prog-
ress in a communique today.
Heavy rains added to the diffi-
culties encountered by the troops.
On the eastern flank of the Pacific
land offensive, there were air battles
over the Bougainville beachhead
held by Americans at Empress Au-
gusta Bay during which 16 Nippon-
ese planes were reported shot down
at a cost of two Allied interceptors.
16 Planes Shot Down
At- South Pacific Headguarters, a
spokesman elaborating on Gen. Mac-
Arthur's reports said more than 35
Japanese bombers and fighters made
the raid at daylight Wednesday. In
addition to the 16 shot down in air
battles, anti-aircraft downed an-
other and an 18th wrecked itself
against barrage balloon cables.
Only the day previously, another
Japanese raid had resulted in the
sinking of a small Allied vessel, one
of a convoy bringing in reinforce-
ments and supplies.
(Such enemy air activity on an
island whose bases have been repeat-
edly bombed out must mean either
the Japanese still are able to make
some use of their Buke bases or are
coming down the 260 miles from Ra-
baul.)
Liberators for the third time re-
cently made the roundtrip flight of
more than 2,000 miles from Australia
to hit oil refineries at Soerbaja on
Java and the Den Pasar airdrome at
Bali.
Allies Bombard
Japs at Nauru
PEARL HARBOR, Nov. 19.--(P)-
Extending the scope of the six-day-
old Central Pacific air offensive, car-
rier based planes dropped 90 tons of
bombs on . Nauru, Japanese island
base 700 miles northeast of Guadal-
canal, Thursday, Adm. Chester W.
Nimitz announced today.
Expanding operations 500 miles
west of the Gilbert Islands which,
with the Marshalls, have been pound-
ed daily since last Saturday, several
squadrons of bombers and torpedo
planes kindled fires on the airdrome
and shop areas, destroyed several
grounded planes and set a ship ablaze
at Nauru,
Despite slight air interception and
heavy anti-aircraft fire, none of the
Nauru raiders was lost, Adiral Nim-
itz said, thus leaving the raiders in-
tact during all six days of the spread-
ing attacks.
Over Nauru, seven Zeros got into
the air and two were shot down. One
American pilot was wounded.
It was the first carrier raid against
Nauru which is a strong Japanese air
base and is a valuable phosphate pro-
ducing island.
Germany Hit
In Heaviest
Raid of War
RAF Blasts Berlin,
Ludwigshaven With
1,000 Heavy Bombers
By The Associated Press
LONDON, Nov. 19. - Germany
rocked to the heaviest 12-hour aerial
bombardment of the war today as
American Flying Fortresses pounded
western German objectives in day-
light a few hours after a record force
of nearly 1,000 RAF heavy bombers
ravaged Berlin and Ludwigshaven
with 2,500 long tons of bombs in a
devastating night assault.
Offensive in Third Day
In what appeared to be an all-out
campaign to obliterate Berlin and
smash Germany's war sinews, the
Allies carried their pre - invasion
offensive into the third straight day.
Four German radio stations went
silent tonight, giving a strong indi-
cation that big British bombers were
out over the continent for the third
straight night.
The American Flying Fortresses,
escorted by Thunderbolts, bombed
their western German targets today
without loss, Eighth Air Force Head-
quarters announced tonight. Not a
single enemy fighter came up to op-
pose the Americans, it was stated.
After two months of mild stings by
Mosquito bombers, Berlin rumbled
under the full weight of Allied air
might last night. The four-engined
bombers sent more than 350 block-
busters weighing 4,480 pounds each
crashing down on the Nazi capital.
Fires Still Raging
More than 12 hours after the big
Berlin raid, the German High Com-
mand indicated fires still were raging
in the city in a brief broadcast an-
nouncement which said "the Anglo-
American" raid started conflagra-
tions but "these have now been
brought under control."
The U.S. Army communique telling
of the Flying Fortress assault on
western Germany failed to name the
targets, although in the past com-
muniques have done so. No explana-
tion was given for the omission.
The Berlin radio said numerous
U.S. bomber formations penetrated
western occupied territories and Ger-
many at noon.
Armed Forces
Are Well Under
Fiscal Budget
WASHINGTON, Nov. 19.- (P)-
Capitol Hill heard tonight that the
Navy may find it unnecessary to
spend $5,000,000,000 of its funds for
this fiscal year, thus bringing the
total of "saving" by the armed forces
to more than $18,000,000,000.
Last night it was disclosed that th'e
Army will not use $13,163,519,000 of
the $71,000,000,000 given it to spend
in the fiscal twelvemonth.
Rep. Taber of New York, ranking
Republican on the House Appropria-
tions Committee, said he expected
Navy savings of $4,000,000,000 to $5,-
000,000,000. The Army-Navy actions,
he said, make it "perfectly clear that
with any kind of management and
any kind of elimination of the things
that we do not need, the Federal
budget can be trimmed $25,000,000,-
000 next year below what it was for
this year."
German
'-t, r .
Counter-Attack Wins Zhitomir
'STATUTE MILES
Dnieper Is Crossed
BySky-Borne Reds
Nazis Announce Their First Big Victory
Since July; 150,000 Germans in Attack
By JUDSON O'QUINN
Associated Press Correspondent
LONDON, Saturday, Nov. 20.-The Russians lost Zhitomir, the Red
Army's westernmost threat to Poland and Rumania, yesterday, in their
first major reverse in four months, but the Red Army dropped troops from
the skies for a new crossing of the Dnieper and captured another rail
junction, 70 miles north of Zhitomir.
Evacuating Zhitomir before a concentrated German counter-attack
by perhaps 150,000 men, the Russians abandoned a strategic center they
had captured only a week ago.
Pre-War BoundrRes RUMA N fA /
German counter-attacks (swastika arrow) have forced the
Russian Army (black arrows) to evacuate the city of Zhitomir
on the Central front.
DISCONTENT IN VICHY:
Democratic Plans Thwarted;
Petain Offers Resignation
By The Associated Press
BERN, SWITZERLAND, Nov. 19.
-Information leaking across the
French frontier tonight said that a
number of Marshall Petain's close
friends, including three generals, had
New Classes To
Begin Course
At JAG School
At Least 110 Officers
And Candidates Will
Arrive for Training
A total of at least 110 candidates
and officers, composing the 4th OC
and 14th Officer Classes of the JAG
School, will arrive today and tomor-
row to begin a 17-weeks' training
course, it was announced yesterday.
The men of the 14th Officer Class,
about 30 in all, range all the way
from second lieutenant to major in
rank. Four from the candidate
class, which includes approximately
80, are returning from foreign duty
to attend the course. One officer
hails from Alaska and another from
Tunisia.
The new arrivals will take the
place of the 2nd OC and 12th Offic-
er Class which graduated Nov. 13.
At present there are only two classes
in the JAG School.
All the men of the new 4th OC
and 14th Officer Classes are law
graduates. It is possible that sev-
eral more names will be added to the
list of newcomers as all orders have
not yet been received.
The new classes will be processed
Saturday and Sunday so that all de-
tails will be out of the way by Mon-
day when the usual orientation talks
will be given. Equipment, including
both books and field equipment, will
also be issued Monday morning.
Col. Edward H. Young, comman-
dant of the JAG school, will greet
the incoming students and outline
school rules and regulations. In ad-
dition they will receive a preview of
the course of study.
been arrested after the 87-year-old
chief or state offered his resignation
in protest against thwarting his plan
to promulgate a democratic consti-
tution.
"Vichy France"-which meant Pi-
erre Laval and the Germans-was
said to be exerting every effort to
keep Petain in office.
Speech Barred
A speech, which Petain intended to
make over the radio but which was
barred by the Germans, would have
been an attempt to renounce Laval
as his successor, and put power -in
the hands of a national assembly,
trusted advices said. The Marshal
was said to have told friends that he
sought a way out whereby a revolu-
tion between the Vichy regime and
the French Committee of National
Liberation could be avoided.
The Journal De Geneva (Geneva)
published today what it described as
the text of the speech Petain had
at the text of the speecr Petain had
prepared for broadcasting last Sat-
urday night, including the decree the
Marshall intended to promulgate.
Old Constitution Desired
Among other things, the edict ab-
rogated all acts by Laval's govern-
ment, which has collaborated with
the Germans. It directed France
back to the democratic constitution
of 1875 and declared the Marshal in-
tended to conserve his power until
his death, after which the power
would be returned to the National
Assembly, unless the new constitu-
tion he desired came into effect,
New Blood Bank
Solicits Support
Germans Claim
Capture of Four'
rg n .Island s
Allies Raid Balkans
As Counteroffensive
Creeps Along Sea Line
By The Associated Press
LONDON, Nov. 19.-The Germans
claimed the occupation of four more
pin-point Aegean Islands today in a
creeping counteroffensive along the
sea line before Greece, while the Al-
lied air arm fell with methodical vio-
lence across the Balkans from Salon-
ika to the Yugoslav coast.
In another Balkan area the Yugo-
slav Patriot Army of Gen. Josip Broz
(Tito) cut tirelessly at the Nazis in
far-separated fighting arenas.
Adolf Hitler's command, expending
yet more of forces so, badly needed
elsewhere, announced a victory to
follow its recovery of the Dodecanese
Islands of Cos and Leros-seizure of
the outlying islets of Patmos, Ikaria,
Furni and Lipsos, the military sig-
nificance of which is not clear.
The situation on the more impor-
tant island of Samos, the last in the
Aegean to remain under Allied stan-
dards, was in doubt, but German
broadcasts indicated Allied resistance
there was still strong and implied
that some of the Allied forces taken
off Cos and Leros had gone in to sup-
port the Samos garrison.
All these actions, however, were
inconsequential to the future Allied
strategy in the south of Europe and
seemed to be largely propaganda ac-
tions as far as the Germans were
concerned.
Hard and factual were the con-
tinued fierce resistance to the thous-
ands of Rommel's troops by Tito's
fierce irregulars in Yugoslavia and
the rising weight of Allied air bom-
bardments both against the seats of
German air power in Greece and in
support of Yugoslav ground forces.
UNRRA Argues
N11ewspaper Banl
Russian Delegate Is
Center of Discussion
ATLANTIC CITY, N. J., Nov. 19.-
(P)-The staid pace of the United
Nations Relief and Rehabilitation
Conference was shattered today in a
controversy as to whether a Rus-
sian official had proposed exclu-
sion of the press.
A spokesman said flatly that Rus-
sian Ambassador Andre Gromyko,
had been defeated in a move to ban
the newspapermen and women, but
two hours later another Russian rep-
resentative said Gromyko had sug-
gested nothing of the kind.
While continuing to permit cover-
age of the conference, the delegates
also decided for the first time to is-
sue regular written statements to
the press, a move which the spokes-
man said also was opposed by Grom-
yko.
The UNRRA spokesman, who ask-
ed that his name not be divulged,
said Gromyko objected to the press
on the ground that some matters
under discussion were so delicate
that news seepage might cause seri-
ous misunderstanding.
Secretary Sliaw
Resigns OPA Post
WASHINGTON, D. C., Nov. 19.-
SThe Moscow midnight communi-
que supplement, recorded from a
broadcast by the Soviet Monitor,
failed to mention Zhitomir which
the earlier war bulletin said had been
evacuated to obtain better defensive
positions.
The Germans announced their
first sizeable victory in Russia since
July a :few hours after the Russians
had admitted their own retreat. 'A
Berlin radio broadcast said the Nazis
captured a large number of Soviet
weapons and prisoners.
2,000 Germans Killed
Meanwhile Russian airborne units,
aided by guerillas, struck an unex-
pected blow at the Germans, crossing
the Dnieper between Kiev and Dne-
propetrovsk and storming up to the
town of Cherkasi amid Naziconfu-
sion. Two thousand Germans wee
reported killed in the assault aimed
at flanking the Germans holding out
to the south in the Dnieper bend.
The action might also take the pres-
sure off the Russians in the Zhitomnir
area.
Other air-borne troops captured
Ovruch, 25 miles- north of Koroan
and severed another rail link . bp-
tween German's forces in White
Russia and the Ukraine. They cap-
tured trains and other military
equipment, wiped out 1,600 Germans,
and took more than 30 towns and
hamlets, Moscow said.
White Russians Advance
But despite the Russian retreat
before what appeared to be largely a
German-defensive to protect their
communications, Gen. Vatutin's
northern flank and Gen. Constantin
Rokossovsky's White Russian Ar-
mies scored successes.
Eighth Army
Gains Strategic
Hills at Archi
ALLIED HEADQUARTERS, AL-
GIERS, Nov. 19.-(P)-Units of Sir
Bernard L. Montgomery's Eighth Ar-
my fought through rain and rough
country to win new high ground
north of the village of Archi near the
Adriatic end of the Italian battle line,
the Allied command announced to-
day, while American bombers prac-
tically completed destruction of the
Germans' Elevss airfield near Ath-
ens.
There was a slight improvement in
the weather, but the front remained
relatively quiet. Rivers still were
flooded to record heights and there
was no question of a mass movement
of troops by either side. Artillery
duelled interminably and patrols
fought brisk actions at many points.
Heavy equipment was hopelessly bog-
ged down.
(The German International In-
formation Bureau said, however, that
Gen. Montgomery had brought into
line "massive forces in the coastal
region." The broadcast, recorded by
the Associated Press, noted the arriv-
al in the fighting area along the San-
gro River of "armored formations
and infantry groups."
(The Nazi propaganda agency said
the British attacks near Archi were
interpreted as an indication of "a
full-scale attack for which the left
wing of the German offensive front
appears to be the objective.")
Turkish Newspaper
Hints War on Nazis
ANKARA, Nov. 18.-(Delayed)-
(IP)-The influential Istanbul news-
paper Tanin declared in an editorial
today that "Turkey is not without
sides in the British-German war."
TL - - -- - _ . . .. - - .I- . . .....
d
F
Students
To Make
Are Urged
Reservations
PERSIAN REVEALS EXCITING LIFE:
Romance of Arabian Nights Lives Anew
By BERYLE WALTERS
The family history of John Faily'
University teaching fellow in the
government's Islamic language
program, reads like a strange tale
from the Arabian Nights.
Faily, the son of Persia's ambas-
sador to Iraq, was born in Bagdad
-how long ago no one knows.
When he came to this country 14
years ago, lie was in his late teens.
He met an American girl and mar-
ried her a year later. Shortly aft-
erwards, he became homesick and
returned to Persia, leaving his wife
and a child here. Several months
later Faily returned to America,
months by the Head Chieftain of
the Lurs, who believed that their
thieving existence should continue.
He was sentenced to a fate con-
sidered by the Lur people compara-
ble to our capital punishment. It
was decreed that his beard, mark
of distinction and authority, was
to be shorn and auctioned at a tri-
bunal of the chieftains of each
tribe. This punishment, used only
for major crimes against the Vali,
or head chieftain, signified not on-
ly loss of prestige and influence in
the tribe, but honor as well.
Sacrificng his entire fortune,
i r_ _ - . t .__ _,, 4 - . - : 3 4..
ican missionary in Iran for his
early education. The Persian gov-
ernment later sent him to Detroit
to learn automobile mechanics and
to return afterwards as a govern-
ment advisor.
Deciding that he wanted to at-
tend college, he gave up his factory
job and attended night school. He
worked his way through college by
selling Persian rugs, cats, tapes-
tries and other articles and in 1939
was graduated from Michigan Nor-
mal State College with a B.A. de-
m~ra
Students are urged to sign up for
the Blood Bank, conducted by the
Union in cooperation with the Ameri-
can Red Cross, which will be held
from 12:30 to 4:15 p.m. Friday in the
WAB.
Calling on students to be aware of
their patriotic responsibility, Roy
Boucher, '45, co-chairman of the War
Activities Committee in charge of the
Blood Bank, urged students to call
2-5546, the number of the Ann Arbor
Red Cross chapter, to make their
appointment to donate blood.
The Blood Bank is held each month
under the auspices of the Union and
Boucher pointed out that some stu-
dents have contributed as many as
four times to the Blood Bank since
its inception a year ago.
Japs Reported
Leaving China
CHUNGKING, Nov. 19. ()-Trust-
worthy reports reaching Chungking
today said heavy Japanese troop
movements from Manchukuo and
north China were in progress with
the Snthwest Pacific a the mnst