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VOL. LIV No. 148 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, MAY 30, 1944
PRICE FIVE CENTS
Allies
Push
to
Within
16
Miles
of
Rome
.7
U.S. Planes
Hammer at
Old Poland
6,500 Sorties Blast
Germani Ol Plant
By The Associated Press
LONDON, May 30, Tuesday.-Am-
erican heavy bombers and fighters,
possibly 2,200 strong, shot 100 enemy
aircraft from the sky and hammered
Seven aircraft factories in Poland and
Germany and a synthetic oil works
near Stettin yesterday.
The blow was the heaviest dealt in
a day of perfect weather which saw
approximately 6,500 sorties flown
from Allied pre-invasion bases in
Britain and Italy.
35 Bombers Lost
It cost the U.S. Strategic AirForce
35 bombers and 11 fighters, the same
losses as reported after yesterday's
operations in similar strength when
93 Nazi planes were knocked down.
One Marauder was lost as the
Ninth Air Force kept pace with the
heavies by sending a record number
of 400 twin-engined Marauders and
Havoc against French and Belgian
bridges and a French air field.
While British-based Liberators and
Fortresses were winging across north-
ern Europe, between 500 and 700
heavies from Italy, with matching
escort headed into old Austria and
bombed a German airframe factory
at Atzgersdorf, a few miles southwest
of 'Vienna, the Wollersdorf ferry
plane base and the Nord airfield,
both near Wienerneustadt.
Enemy Opposition Heavy
All these targets were visited five
days ago when the last big strike over
the Alps was made, simultaneously
with British-initiated raids on Ber-
lin and Paris. Once again the big
bombers ran mto intense flak and
determined enemy fighter opposition.
The losses of the Mediterranean raid
determined enemy fighter opposition.
The climax of a day, in which Al-
lied raiders scourged the face of Eur-
ope from Polish factories to possible
battlefields in western Europe and
present front lines in Italy, was struck
by the 1,000 American heavy bombers
which, for the second day in a row
had an escort of more than 1,200
Thunderbolts, Lightnings and Mus-
tangs furnished by the Eighth and
Ninth Air Forces.
They swept about 750 miles across
Germany, bombing aircraft plants at
Poznan, Poland; Kreising (Krzesinki),
five miles to the southeast; the east-
ern and southern German cities of
Leipzig, Tutow, Sorau and Cottbus,
and the Politz synthetic oil plant, 85
miles northeast of Berlin.
Crew Member Comments
. "When we were over the Baltic
Sea, 150 miles from the target, we
could still see black smoke rolling up
from it to a height of 20,000 feet,"
said a bomber crew member giving
evidence of the weight of the attack.
The heavy bomber task forces were
in strength the equal of yesterday's
big American air force which con-
centrated on Germany's synthetic oil
industry.
Preserve Unity
Of Wartime,'
Dewey States
Executive Sees Revival
Of States' Influence
By The Associated Press
HERSHEY, Pa., May 29.-Gover-
nor Thomas E. Dewey of New York
said tonight that preservation of
America's wartime unity in the post-
war period "is the vital problem of
our time" and declared he saw a
revival of power and responsibility
by the states.
Dewey States
The New York executive, address-
ing the National Conference of Gov-
ernors, asserted that "much of our
success in war has come from the
sense that every individual citizen
had a personal job to do," and added
that governors of the states "are
heard with new force and influence
in the nation."
"That is fundamental, I believe,
because it represents an administra-
tive revival," stated Dewey, who told
newsmen last night he was not dis-
couraging talk that he is leading in
the contest for the Republican Presi-
dential nomination although not a
declared candidate.
Holiday Over
"It means that we are emerging
from a period in which communities
and the states engaged in a holiday
of surrendering responsibility to the
national government," the speaker
continued. "It marks at least the
beginning of the end of the surrender
of their power by the people.
"Our success in the war and the
future of our country are indissolubly
tied up with the maintenance of
competent state governments, compe-
tent governments in cities, counties,
towns and villages. That is the es-
sence of the federal system we are
sworn to maintain."
Revolutionist
Junta Seizes
GUAYAQIL, Ecuador, May 29.-
(/P)-A revolutionist Junta seized con-
trol of this commercial city after ten
hours of bitter street fighting today.
Forty persons were reported killed
in the uprising, led by supporters of
exiled former President V e las c o
Ibarra. The violent movement was
aimed at forestalling a scheduled
week-end presidential election.
Maj. Manuel Antonio Hidalgo late
today was named military and civil
chief of Guayaquil by the provisional
Junta. The city was calm after ear-
lier fighting, and civilians found
argned were rounded up and confined
in military barracks.
After rebel troops seized the mili-
tary police barracks in Guayaquil,
the revolutionists set up their provi-
sional government Junta, which is
holding meetings at a government
building. Its members are Francisco
Arizaga Luque, Alfonso Larrea Alba,
Efrain Camacho Santos, Pedro An-
tonio Saao, Angel Felicisimo Rojas,
Pedro Pablo Eguez Baquerizo and
Capt. Sergio Enrique Giron
'Yank Invaders of Biak Meet Stiff
Opposition near Mokmer Airdrome
4?
* *
* * *
Japs Launchi Heavy
Attack oni hindit
By The Associated Press
ADVANCE ALLIED HEADQUAR-
TERS, New Guinea, May 30, Tuesday
-American invaders of Biak are
running into fierce enemy opposition
near the Mokmer airdrome, Gen.
Douglas MacArthur announced to-
day.
Tough Yankee Sixth Army troops
which invaded the largest of the
Schouten Islands, 880 miles from the
Philippines, Saturday were attempt-
ing to take the Mokmer airstrip from
the coastal side.
Troops Gain
They were less than 529 miles from
the important field, one of three on
Biak. This was a gain of more than
one-half mile from the point reached
in yesterday's headquarters an-
nouncement.
Meanwhile, reinforced Japanese
units in Burma, launching a heavy
attack against Chindit positions near
the enemy's north Burma base of
Mogaung, have seized a vital airstrip
and forced the Allied airborne troops
to abandon important roadblocks
they had held for 17 days, headquar-
ters disclosed today.
At the same time the Allies gained
in their fight into Myitkyina, 35 miles
to the east.
China Faces Danger
Embattled China, fighting des-
perately on widely separated war
fronts, faced another grave threat
yesterday as the Japanese invaders
fanned out in their new many-
pronged Hunan offensive.
The Japanese continued to advance
on their objectives in what appeared
to be a drive to capture the entire
Canton-Hankow railway and thus
strengthen themselves against pos-
sible American landings along the
China coast.
On the southwest wing of the vast
Asiatic war theatre Allied forces im-
proved their positions on bloody My-
itkyina battlefields in northern Bur-
ma. But they suffered reverses to the
west of that main Japanese base as
heavy monsoon rains crippled an
aerial supply line to the Mogaung
valley.
Ta . ma
Airdromxes it
B yRed Flyers.
LONDON, May 30, Tuesday.-(A)-
SQftening up enemy air strength in
Romania, the Red Air Force struck
airdromes near Roman and Husi yes-
terday and destroyed or disabled at
least 60 planes, a Soviet communique
announced last night.
Roman is on the Siretul River and
Husi on the Prut. Both are between
the Carpathian Mountains and the
Dnestr River.
The Russian communique, record-
ed by the Soviet monitor from a
Moscow broadcast, said all the Soviet
planes returned safely.
At the airdromes, said the Soviets,
"after silencing anti-aircraft fire our
planes carried out several bombing
and machine-gun attacks," destroy-
ing or damaging no fewer than 60
enemy craft.
Both the Russian and German
communiques said there was little ac-
tivity on the ground. The Soviets
said 35 enemy planes had been shot
down in air combat or by anti-air-
craft fire Sunday. The Nazis claim-
ed successful air attacks on Soviet
supplies and rail stations in the areas
of Shepetovka and Korosten.
The Nazis continued probing the
northern end of the White Russian
front, where a Moscow dispatch said
enemy reconaissance thrusts were re-
pulsed.
Last German Line
Dented byAssault
Field Marshal KesselritI Pouring New
Nazi Reinforcemients into Battle Area
By The Associated Press
ALLIED HEADQUARTERS, NAPLES, May 29.-The battle for Rome
-first great capital of Nazi-dominated Europe to fall within range of
Allied guns-raged with mounting fury tonight after an Allied wedge had
been driven deeply into the enemy's "last ditch" defense line less than 16
miles from the Eternal City.
In a desperate effort to hold Rome at least until his battered forces far
to the southeast could disengage and be withdrawn to the new line, Field
Marshal Albert Kesselring poured reinforcements into a savage series of
counterattacks along a 17-mile front from the vicinity of Valmontone on
SUPPLIES REACH PIER-At Blue Beach, Cape Glouchester, in the
South Pacific, supplies for U.S. Marines arrive in an LCM at a slip
constructed by Seabees.
MUSICAL COMEDY:-
Pr emero f Rumor H asI t
Is Scheduled for Thur sday
With only 48 hours remaining utn-
til curtain time, the cast of "Rumor
Has It," is now in the last stages of
rehearsal and ready for the first per-
formance Thursday at 8:30 p.m.,
Arty Fisher, director, said today
The boxoffice at Lydia Mendelssohn
Theatre is now open for general tic-
ket sales, and there are still some
seats left for Thursday's and Fri-
day's performances.
"Rumor Has It," Co. D's musical
comedy, will have 45 coeds in the
cast, featured as actresses, singers,
dancers and members of the orches-
tra. The score includes ten songs,
ranging from a beguine to novelty
numbers, all original compositions
by Pfc. Ken Pierson and Pfc. Jim
Rhind. Miss Dorothy Murzek has
been in charge of dance direction
and choreography, and Pfc. Bob
Commanday and Pfc. Dick Thomas
have arranged all the choral and or-
chestral music.
The story of "Rumor Has It" deals
with the adventures of an Army unit
detailed to train at a mythical uni-
versity. The show has two acts, eight
scenes and a prologue, and the book
was written by a trio of soldiers,
Pfc.'s Shefler, Dannie Gilman and
Stanley Krenitz.
All the work on the show was done
by the soldiers in their free time,
and rehearsals have been going on
Army To Hold
Retreat Parade
A retreat parade will be held by
Companies A, B, D and G at 7 p.m.'
tomorrow in Ferry Field in honor of'
Col. Frederick C. Rogers, comman-'
dant of the 3651st S.1U., who is re-
linquishing his military duties toror-
row.
The Navy-Marine band of the V-12
naval training unit will supply the
music for the parade, which will be
reviewed by Col. Rogers and his staff.
Capt. Eric L. L. Swyler will act as
the executive officer of the parade
and Lt. Melvin Flegal will be the
parade adjutant.
Col. Rogers will reach the Army
retirement age of 60 in September,
when he will take a four-months
leave in Maryland. No replacement
for him has yet been announced by
Army headquarter here.
full scale now for several weeks. In
all, the production will have a cast
of 80. The total staff numbers more
than 100 students and servicemen.
Several men from Co. D spent all or
part of their recent furloughs work-,
ing on the show.
All profits are to be donated to
Army Emergency Relief.
P earl Harbor
I1Vestigat1on
WASHINGTON- ()- Declaring
that the "whole story of Pearl Har-
bor" has not been told, Rear Adm.
Husband E. Kimmel has demanded a
"free, open and public" court-martial
"at the earliest practicable date," it
was disclosed Monday.
Kimmel's demand was made in a
letter released by Senator Homer
Ferguson, Michigan Republican, as
the Senate Judiciary Committee vot-
ed to act next Monday on Fergu-
son's resolution fixing Sept. 8 as the
deadline -for the trial's start.
Deadline Set
The House Rules Committee,
meanwhile, approved legislation "dir-
ecting" that Kimmel, Maj.-Gen. Wal-
ter C. Short and any others charged
with responsibility for the nation's
great military disaster be held before
June 7, 1945.
"For two and a half years I have
waited for the Navy Department to
bring me to trial," Kimmel's letter
said, "The report of the Roberts
Commission does not tell the whole
story of Pearl Harbor."
Commission Report
He referred to the Presidential In-
vestigation Commission headed by
Supreme Court Justice Owen J. Rob-
erts, which reported that "the Jap-
anese attack was a complete surprise
to the commanders and they failed
to make suitable dispositions to meet
such an attack."
No Daily Tomorrow
The Daily will not be published
tomorrow, May 31. Publication will
be resumed Thursday, June 1.
_._
Engine Bearing
Plant Workers
Stage Walkout
Detroit Strike Era
Completes Full Month
By The Associated Press
DETROIT, May 29.-After virtual-
ly a solid month of major labor dis-
putes, Detroit saw the end of one
strike today only to have another
bob up to take its place in a set
of three.
A walkout of a reported 1,500 men
closed the main plant of the Federal
Mogul Company, halting production
of engine bearings.
Drivers Still Striking
A thousand AFL bakery truck driv-
ers extended their strike into a fifth
day, ignoring a War Labor Board re-
quest to resume work today, and
truck drivers at Parke, Davis and
Company completed a week of idle-
ness.
All told, approximately 4,400 men
and women were off the jo:..
Off and on, in the course of a
month, an estimated 70,000 persons
have experienced idleness because of
labor disputes. The Detroit area's
employed population is set at 1,200,-
000.
Officials of Local 202, United Auto-
mobile Workers (CIO), said the fir-
ing of two union stewards precipitat-
ed their strike at Federal Mogul. The
company made no statement.
WLB Acts
WLB summoned local heads of the
United Gas, Coke and Chemical
Workers (CIO) to a public hearing
in Washington Wednesday. The un-
ion was ordered to show cause why
sanctions and penalties should not
be imposed against it.
Chester J. Adamczyk, president of
Local 176, said he and the 13-man
union executive board would attend
the hearing. However, he challenged
WLB's power to impose penalties, in-
sisting that the strike was "legal"
since it was called after a union vote
in conformity with the Smith-Con-
nally (War Larbor Disputes) Act.
I4 Cam' r pus
Clea 't-Up Drive
To Be S tarted
In view of the fact that student
contributions to the United Jewish
Appeal continue to lag behind the
campus quota of $1,600, a campus
clean-up campaign will begin tomor-
row in an attempt to raise the $200
yet needed to fill the student quota.
In comparison to the campus re-
sults which show 87 per cent of the
$1,600 collected or outstanding, the
Ann Arbor townspeople, with a quota
of $3,800, have over-subscribed their
share by contributing $4,100 or about
108 per cent, and the faculty division,
by donating $700, have exceeded their
share with contributions totalling 117
per cent of the quota.
the Via Casilina to Campoleone at
the edge of the Alban Hills.
Counter Blows Slowed
These heavy counterblows slowed
but did not halt the advance of Lt.-
Gen: Mark W. Clark's British and
American Fifth Army troops, who
doggedly pressed their attack in the
face of flamethrowers and withering
artillery and small arms fire.
Daniel De Luce of the Associated
Press reported in a front dispatch
filed at 6:30 p.m. that American
tanks were attacking German strong-
points at Armor, artillery and infan-
try on the slopes of the Alban Hills
between Campoleone and Lanuvio
at a point less than 16 miles "south-
east of Rome's outskirts.
He said enemy counterattacks em-
ploying as much as a battalion of in-
fantry and four 60-ton Tiger tanks
at a crack were beaten back and that
tank-led Allied infantry had made
progress all day.
18 Nazi Divisions Destroyed
Allied headquarters announced that
three of 18 German divisions engaged
in the battle had been virtually de-
stroyed since the Allied offensive be-
gan May 11, with more than 15,060
in prison cages. Combat strength of
enemy divisions now was estimated
at 8,000 men.
American arid British beachhead
forces launched a powerful new drive
toward Campoleone - almost due
south of Rome-yesterday, and by
last night were within a mile of the
German stronghold. Other Allied
troops smashed through Aprilia, the
model farm community which chang-
ed hands four times in the early
phases of the beachhead fighting
several months ago.
Lt. Gen. Sir Oliver Leese's Eighth
Army forces swept westward six miles
from Ceprano to Pofi after throwing
several bridges across the Liri and
Sacco Rivers. The town of Arce, at
the junction of the Via Casilina and
Highway 82, appeared ready to fall
to Leese's troops, and Santo Padre,
four and a half miles to the north-
east, had been surrounded.
French Meeting Resistance
The French were reported meeting
only light resistance in their steady
advance through the mountains, and
there were indications the Nazis were
running short of artillery in several
sectors. A German prisoner said
tanks had been used as artillery in
recent fighting.
At some points it was evident the
Germans were retreating with all
possible speed, depending upon demo-
litions, mines and snipers to hold off
the pursuing Allied forces. Nazi
parachute troops were fighting stub-
bornly, however in the Arce area.
A captured enemy report written
by Lt. Col. Ziegler, commander of
the 361st Grenadiers opposing the
Eighth Army, spoke of that regi-
ment's severe casualties.
Date Is Set for
Henderson Rites
Funeral Services To
Be Held Tomorrow
Funeral services for Dr. William D.
Henderson, professor emeritus and
director emeritus of the University
Extension Service, will be held at
11 a.m. tomorrow in Forest Hill Cem-
etery with Rev. Leslie J. French offi-
ciating.
Noted for his work in extension
education, Dr. Henderson was born
in Ingersoll, Canada in 1866 and was
raised on a farm in northern Michi-
gan. He attended high school at
Petoskey and later studied at Ferris
Institute, Big Rapids.
He received his A.B. degree in 1903
GILLETTE PROPOSAL:
Change in Hatc Act Ai ms at
Stricter CampaignFund Limit
By The Associated Press
A Senatorial move to tighten the
rules on political contributions fo-
cused attention yesterday on the fin-
ancial aspects of the pre-convention
campaign.
Senator Gillette (Dem., Iowa), who
is pledged as an Iowa delegate to
back President Roosevelt for re-
nomination at the July 19 Demo-
cratic Convention, asked early action
by the Senate Elections Committee
on amendments which would limit
total expenditures in behalf of any
Presidential candidate to $2,000,000
and those for a Vice-Presidential
candidate to $1,000,000.
Political Campaigns Limited
Under the present Hatch Act, any
committee can spend up to $3,000,000
in a political campaign. Gillette's
amendment would confine expendi-
term nomination.
In Washington, Rep. Mary T. Nor-
ton (Dem., N.J.) told a luncheon
meeting of the National Women's
Democratic organization that niuch
more than tradition is involved in
this year's Presidential race.
"God grant that President Roose-
velt be elected for a fourth term,"
cried Mrs. Norton.
WE OWE A DEBT TO THE DEAD:
This War Memorial Day Holds Much Significance
By WHITNEY MARTIN
Associated Press Staff Writer
NEW YORK, May 30.-Today is
another Memorial Day. Another War
July or Christmas, and it meant
a holiday from school, with per-
haps a little home-spun pageant in
which the kids marched around in
The parade always terminated in
a cemetery where flowers were plac-
ed on graves over which fluttered
tiny American flags, and later in
f 2 . - a 1 Qa v ' - .,- I-n lt--l4._
sands upon thousands of people lin-
ing the course, making a Roman hol-
iday of death. They packed the dan-
gerous turns, perhaps hoping noth-
inmcmivl hlrlnn but not wanting in
parks and lining the river banks.
There still will be crowds at the
ball parks today. The speedways are
closed from economic necessity.
m-4 t ..a .. a.t i a . p a.v -ml