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VOL. LIV No. 130 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, MAY 9, 1944
PRICE FIVE CENTS
Nazi
Defenses
Blasted
by
4,500
Planes
laps Take;
Offensive in
East India
Suffer Heavily in
Manipur Valley
By The Associated Press
SOUTHEAST ASIA HEADQUAR-
TERS, Kandy, Ceylon, May 8.-
Japanese troops are counterattacking
strongly in the Manipur Valley of
eastern India in an effort to regain
positions recently lost and are suffer-
ing "disproportionately heavy losses,"
Admiral Lord Louis Mountbatten's
headquarters announced today.
Heavy fighting continued around
mountain-lock Kohima without ma-
terial change in positions, with Brit-
ish and Indian forces holding firmly
to the main part of the town. Allied
patrols, pushing northward from Im-
phal toward Kohima, gained six miles
from their last announced position
and now are 28 miles beyond Imphal,
Mountbatten's communique said.
Guam Hit by Yanks
Big land-based American bombers
made their second raid of the war on
Guam in the longest flight in a series
of air attacks that hit the full length
of Japan's outer island defenses, Pa-
cific commanders announced last
night and today.
The attacks blazing over a 5,000-
mile arc cost the Japanese at least
18 planes and American Marines took
another airdrome from the enemy.
The Marines plunged closer to Ra-
baul, wrecked fortress of New Britain,
to occupy the Cape Hoskins fighter
air strip without opposition.
Kurile Island Base
Far to the north, Aleutian based
aircraft made their third daylight
assault of the war on the Paramu-
shiro naval base in the Kuriles
Chungking admitted the situation
was growing serious in China's Honan
province where the Japanese con-
tinued their almost uninterrupted
advance on scattered fronts. The
invaders were less than three miles
from Loyang, gateway to central
China. Most of the defending garri-
son had already withdrawn from
Loyang. Maj.-Gen.Claire L. Chen-
nault's Chinese-American air wing
was thrown into the fight in an effort
to retard the advancing columns.
FLDW Returns
To White House
From Vacation
WASHINGTON,. May 8. - () -
President Roosevelt, bronzed and re-
laxed by four weeks in the South,
settled back today into normal White
House routine and a round of catch-
up conferences.
Senate and House leaders trooped
into his study this morning and Sen-
ate Majority Leader Barkley reported
they "appraised the President of the
status of legislation in both Houses,
which is getting along very well."
While the government's seizure of
the Chicago plants of Montgomery
Ward and Company stirred up a hub-
bub and resulted in Congress' order-
ing investigations while the Presi-
dent was recuperating from winter
illnesses at a Georgetown, S.C., plan-
tation, Barkley said this was not even
mentioned in today's legislative par-
ley.
Gonzalez-Montesinos
To Talk Tomorrow
Dr. Gonzalez-Montesinos, who is
visiting the University under the
auspices of the Department of State,
will speak on "French Literary Influ-
ence in Mexico" at 4:15 p.m. tomor-
row in the Rackham Amphitheatre
after visiting the International Cen-
ter at 2:30 p.m.
Professor of comparative literature
and public relations officer of the
National University of Mexico, Dr.
Gonzalez-Montesinos is making a
tour of universities in the United
States and Canada.
His lecture will be open to the
public.
'Air Taxi' Service To Be
-1 . .4 1
Reds Smash Through Axis
Defense Line at Sevastopol
By The Associated Press
LONDON, May 8.--The Red Army has smashed through the main Axis
defense line at Sevastopol, capturing heights dominating that besieged
Crimean fortress and fighting on the immediate approaches to the city in a
final drive to crush a trapped German-Romanian garrison, Moscow an-
nounced tonight.
Thus the fall of Sevastopol appeared near on the 29th day of the
offensive which has liberated all of the 10,000-square-mile peninsula except
the small pocket at Sevastopol, on the southwest coast 200 miles across the
Black Sea Base from Romania.
Nazi Garrison Stormed
Russian troops supported by masses of planes and powerful artillery
fire began the final storming of positions held by an Axis garrison
of perhaps 25,000 men on Sunday.
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In two days of bitter fighting, the
buleltin said, the Russians advanced
about four miles' through a widely
developed system of reinforced con-
crete fortifications erected since the
German capture of the city July 2,
1942, and captured Inkerman, only
two miles east of the city.
Ahead of the charging Russian in-
fantrymen lies the last formidable
barrier before Sevastopol, Malakhov
Hill, whose seizure in the Crimean
War of 1855 determined the surren-
der of Sevastopol. The Russians now
are fighting over the graves of
Frenchmen who died in that war.
Two Lighthouses Seized
Two lighthouses also were seized
in the Inkerman area, both at the
top of the Chornaya estuary which
forms Sevastopol's valuable bay.
Lyubimovka and Mikensivye Gory
rail stations, from two to three miles
north and northeast of Sevastopol,
also were engulfed, said the broad-
cast-bulletin recorded by the Soviet
monitor.
Soviet naval planes ranging out to
sea on the escape routes to Romania
Saturday sank 12 Axis vessels, four
of them transports totalling 10,000
tons, the communique said. The oth-
er vessels destroyed were a patrol
cutter and seven high speed landing
barges. Other ships in the convoy
guarded by Axis warships were de-
clared damaged.
Negro Author
To Speak on
Discrunination
A noted poet, author and lecturer,
Langston Hughes will speak at 8 p.m.
today in Lane Hall Lecture Room on
"Problems -of Discrimination in the
Post-War World."
Mr. Hughes, known as a peoples'
poet, is one of three Negroes whose
plays have received Broadway pro-
duction. Once a Guggenheim Fellow,
Mr. Hughes is known for his sincere
interest in the problems of youth.
Active in the national organization,
American Youth for Democracy, many
of his poems deal with youth in the
war-time world.
Today's lecture is jointly sponsored
by Inter-Racial Association and the
Michigan Youth for Democratic Ac-
tion. There will be a small admission
charge payable at the door.
Mr. Hughes was first discovered in
1920 while working as a bus boy by
the poet, Vachel Lindsay. His first
published book was "The Weary
Blues." In 1930 his novel, "Not With-
out Laughter," received the Harmon
Gold Award. One of his more recent
books is "The Big Sea," an autobiog-
raphy published in 1941.
Since his first struggles more than
20 years ago Mr. Hughes has gained
both national and international fame.
Many of his works have been trans-
lated into foreign languages and he
has become one of the best-known
contemporary Negro poets. He has
always been active in progressive
movements.
Dance Tickets on
Sale in U' Hall
Tickets for the University "Spring
Swing" to be held from 9 p.m. to
midnight Saturday in Waterman
Gym have been placed on sale outside
of Rm. 2 in University Hall for the
tonvenience of servicemen.
Sonny Dunham's orchestra, one of
the top-flight bands in the country,
will head the entertainment feature
for the evening along with the ap-
pearance of Lt. Tom Harmon and his
fiancee, movie actress, Elyse Knox,
who will be in town for the affair.
nomrHcnns for th affair will be
UMW Bid To
Enter AFL
Is Withdrawn
Lewis Claims New Deal
Is Blocking Labor Unity
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, May 8 - The
breach in organized labor yawned
wider than ever tonight as John L.
Lewis explosively withdrew his Unit-
ed Mine Workers' bid to re-enter the
AFL and accused "New Deal execu-
tives" and the "palace guard" of
blocking labor unity for political
reasons.
'No Answer Given'
In a bitter letter which is expected
to reverberate in the presidential
campaign, Lewis said New Deal poli-
ticians had given "imperative orders"
to keep the mine workers'out of the
AFL, and that certain members of
the AFL executive council had com-
plied with these "shameful plans to
betray the interests of the men and
women of labor."
He said the council had refused to
give a- "yes" or "no" answer to his
application for re-entry, but "con-
stantly muttered and mumbled."
The letter, addressed to AFL Presi-
dent William Green, demanded the
return of a $60,000 check represent-
ing a deposit for the first year's per
capita tax.
Nine-Year Break
At the time Lewis applied for re-
admission last May 17, Green had
said that the AFL "welcomed" it and
wanted to see Lewis "come back
home." He had promised the council
would give the proposal "sympathetic
consideration."
Lewis pulled out of the AFL in 1935
to form the Congress of Industrial
Organizations around the nucleus of
the UMW. During the 1940 presiden-
tial campaign, in which Lewis bitterly
opposed President Roosevelt, he an-
nounced that he would step down
from the CIO leadership if Roosevelt
won. He subsequently did so, and
finally took his miners out of the
CIO fold as the result of a quarrel
with CIO President Philip Murray.
Hobbs To Tall
Here Today
"Island Fortresses of the Pacific,"
an illustrated lecture, will be given by
Professor Emeritus W. H. Hobbs at
7:30 p.m. today in the Rackham Am-
phitheatre.
The lecture is being jointly spon-
sored by the American Society of
Civil Engineers, and the Amerkan
Society of Mechanical Engineers.
During 1921 and '23 Prof. Hobbs
traveled extensively through the is-
lands of the Pacific as a guest of the
Japanese government. He was escort-
ed on his toursby a Japanese arm-
ored cruiser, and a United States gun
boat.
Prof. Hobbs is one of four white
men in the world today who have
ever visited these islands. He photo-
graphed about 350 places in the
Pacific including Truk and Bougain-
ville.
Prof. Hobbs stated that these films
are of utmost military importance
today." This lecture is particularly
important for the V-12 students on
campus now, for many of them will
see action in the Pacific some day."
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4,900 Ward
Employes To
Vote on Union
CHICAGO, May 8.-(P)--The Na-
tional Labor Relations Board today
announced 4,900 employes of Mont-
gomery Ward and Company would
be eligible to vote tomorrow in an
election to determine whether a CIO
union still represents a majority of
the workers-a fundamental issue in
the case that led to government seiz-
ure of the firm's Chicago units.
The government, in a brief sup-
porting federal seizure of Ward's,
contended today that "if the Presi-
dent's power is now struck down,
labor will know that peaceful set-
tlements cannot be enforced."
The statement filed in Federal
Court described the concern-taken
over April 26 on a White House order
-as a "vast enterprise so closely
connected with the war effort that its
business cannot be separated from
the war effort." It added that the
test of the exercise of Presidential
power was not the kind of property
seized but the "extent of the emer-
gency requiring seizure."
Meanwhile in Washington, a seven-
man committee headed by majority
whip Ramspeck (Dem., Ga.), was
chosen today to investigate for the
House the government seizure.
Speaker Sam Rayburn appointed
four Democrats and three Republi-
cans, including Rep. Dewey (Rep.,
Ill), author of the resolution which
was adopted after heated debate last
Friday.
Far East Is
Council Topic
Sixth in a series of Post-War Coun-
cil panels, a discussion of "Far East-
ern Economic Exchange in the Post-
War Period" will be presented at 7:30
p.m. tomorrow in the Union, Charles
Draghi of the program committee
announced yesterday.
Speakers will be Dr. Helmut Callis,
formerly a professor of far eastern
economics now in the armed services,
Prof. Douglas Crary of the geogra-
phy department and Prof. Lionel
Laing of the political science depart-
ment. Lewis Howard, '44E, former
president of the Student Religious
Association, will act as moderator.
Special emphasis will be placed on
trade relations with China after the
war.
BOMBARDMENT TOLL:
Nazis Lose
75%
of Main Oil
Source Output from Romania
By the Associated Press
ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN
NAPLES, May 8.-The German war
machine, hard pressed by the Rus-
sians, facing imminent Allied inva-
sion and possible new blows from the
south, has been deprived of three-
fourths of the output of its main oil
source by Allied bombings of Roman-
ian fields.
This was announced today by Lt.-
Gen. Ira C. Eaker, Allied air com-
mander in the Mediterranean thea-
tre, in a summary of results of the
Mediterranean Air Force's spring
offensive. Not only have air attacks
cut production of the Ploesti fields
by 75 per cent, but they have disrup-
ted all lines of German communica-
tions to the Russian front, he said.
League Surgical
Bandage Unit
To Be Opened
The League Surgical Dressings Unit
will reopen at 1 p.m. tomorrow and
will remain open until 5 p.m. Wed-
nesday through Friday for the rest
of the semester, according to Mickey
Theilen, publicity chairman for the
unit.
"An increased quota has been set
by the Ann Arbor Red Cross because
University women have demonstrated
that they are capable of turning out
a .larger supply of dressings." Miss
Theilen said. She added that in-
creased attendance must accompany
the new quota.
Four by four inch bandages will
constitute most of the work to be
done. Dormitories, league and soror-
ity houses are being asked to con-
tribute a specified number of hours
and will be notified of the days when
they are expected to send workers.
Coeds are urged to attend whether
or not their house is especially in-
vited.
Cotton blouses, dresses or smocks
must be worn as the dressings must
be protected from woolen lint. Nail
polish is also prohibited.
Co. A Concert
Has New Waltz
A new feature has been announced
for Co. A's second annual Spring
Choir Concert to be given at 4 p.m.
Sunday.
A waltz, "Au Revoir," written by
Cpl. Elia Figundio of Co. A for tenor
soloist Cpl. Art Flynn and dedicated
to the University of Michigan, will be
presented, Choir Manager Stanley
dmr..r- -" nim a _ sc s ria
The MAAF commander's an-I
nouncement followed the sixth aerial
blow at Romania since Friday. RAF
Halifaxes and Liberators pounded
Bucharest in the face of stiff fighter
opposition last night, raining explos-
ives on industrial targets.
The Germans lost 20 fighters in
air battles near Bucharest yesterday,
and nine Nazi aircraft were destroyed
in other, operations, bringing the
day's bag to 29. The Allies lost two
heavy bombers and 12 other planes
in more than 1,500 sorties.
The actions pointed up Gen. Eak-
er's announcement, which revealed
that the Mediterranean Air Force
had taken such a toll of German avi-
ation, both in shooting down fighters
attempting to interfere with such
raids, and in the bombings of aircraft
factories, that the German Air Force
will be greatly hampered in its efforts
to halt the coming great attack on
Europe.
Picturing the German Army as
highly dependent upon Romanian
oil, Eaker declared that destruction
of refining facilities handling more
than 90 per cent of Romanian crude
production would without doubt have
an immediate adverse effect upon
the Nazi war front.
World News
at a Glance
Court Is Firm ...
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, May 8.-The Su-
preme Court today refused to budge
fromeits stand that Negroes have a
right to vote in Texas Democratic
primary elections.
* * *
Lend-Lease Extended .. .
WASHINGTON, May 8.-- The
Senate voted 63 to 1 today for an-
other one-year extension of the
lend-lease program after hearing
arguments that the United States
seek permanent title to Caribbean
air bases acquired from Britain on
99-year leases in the 1940 destroyer
trade.
*1 * *
Soviets, Czechs Agree.. .
LONDON, May 8.- Russia and
Czechoslovakia have reached an
agreement on administration of lib-
erated areas in the latter country
under which the Czechoslovak gov-
ernment will assume full authority
once the territory ceases to be a zone
of war operations.
Bricker To Boom ...
May 9.-Home state voters are
expected to jump Governor John
W. Bricker of Ohio into second
SkyAttack
Rolls into
25th Day
Key Rail Targets,
Coastal Area Hit
By The Associated Press
LONDON, May 9, Tuesday.-Gen.
Dwight D. Eisenhower's invasion com-
mand for the second straight day
hurled 4,500 planes against German
defenses yesterday, blasting Berlin,
Brunswick, channel coastal emplace-
ments and key rail targets and bag-
ging 119 German planes.
At midnight Axis radio stations be-
gan fading from the air, indicating
the two-way Allied pre-invasion sky
bombardment from planes based in
Britain and Italy was rolling into its
25th straight day as RAF night fleets
roared out on their customary shift.
Yanks Lose 49 Planes
A morning attack on Berlin and
Brunswick by nearly 2,000 U.S. Flying
Fortresses, Liberators and their es-
corting fighters cost the Americans
36 bombers and 13 fighters in great
sky battles during which colliding
Axis fighters and invading bombers
occasionally fell locked in flames.
A second formation of less than
250 Liberators and Flying Fortresses
in the afternoon attacked rail yards
near Brussels, Belgium and coast
fortifications in the Calais and Sher-
bourg areas of France. Five bomb-
ers were lost on that mission.
Yanks Bay 119 Planes
Fighting deep inside Germany and
five miles above the earth in 45-
below-zero temperatures the Ameri-
can heavy bomber airmen shot down
60 German planes, while their fighter
pilot escorts accounted for 59, a com-
munique said.
Not since April 11 has the U.S.
Strategic Air Force bitten off such a
huge chunk of the enemy's fighter
fleet. On that day 126 were destroy-
ed during raids on Oschersleben,
Bernburg, Rostock and 4rnswalde.
Rail Targets Hit
Late in the day more than 300 Am-
erican Marauders and Havocs carry-
ing 900 tons of bombs and escorted
by swarms of fighters lashed at Ger-
man rail targets at Namur, Belgium,
an airfield at Exreux-Fauville and
coastal installations in France. This
was the second such light bomber
mission of the day. One Marauder
failed to return.
400 Students
To Sell Tags
For Boys Camp
One of the annual traditions of the
University, "Tag Day" will be hld
Friday when 400 University students
are stationed on various campus and
business section posts to sell tags.
Headed by Marge Hall, president of
the Women's War Council, and Jim
Plate, of the Union, the committee
will attempt to raise $1,500 for the
purpose of sending boys of 8-13 to
the Fresh Air Camp for a month.
Faculty member of the committee,
Prof. F. N. Menefee of the engineer-
ing school, pointed out that the Uni-
versity Fresh Air Camp serves two
important functions. It sends boys
who are having trouble in their home
environments away for a month, and
it offers students who are interested
in social work and camp counselling
an opportunity to secure practical ex-
perience.
The camp will be staffed by ex-
perts in the fields of sociology, psy-
chiatry, psychology and education.
Prof. L. J. Carr of the sociology de-
partment and Prof. Clif urd Woody
in education will be the advisers.
Graduates and students in sociol-
ogy who are interested in becoming
camp counsellors of the period of
June 26 to August 26 may secure ad-
ditional information at the Summer
Session office.
Youth Chorus Will
Give Concert Today
The Festival Youth chorus under
the direction of Marguerite Hood,
will return to HillAuditorium for a
concert beginning at 7:30 p.m. today
STUDENT POLL-
Daily Instigates New Feature
Cognizant of the importance of national issues in this crucial
election year and those which particularly affect the campus, The Daily
this week is instituting a weekly series of student polls.