W i1i40 It Weather Fain VOL. LIV No. 130 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, MAY 9, 1944 PRICE FIVE CENTS Nazi Defenses Blasted by 4,500 Planes laps Take; Offensive in East India Suffer Heavily in Manipur Valley By The Associated Press SOUTHEAST ASIA HEADQUAR- TERS, Kandy, Ceylon, May 8.- Japanese troops are counterattacking strongly in the Manipur Valley of eastern India in an effort to regain positions recently lost and are suffer- ing "disproportionately heavy losses," Admiral Lord Louis Mountbatten's headquarters announced today. Heavy fighting continued around mountain-lock Kohima without ma- terial change in positions, with Brit- ish and Indian forces holding firmly to the main part of the town. Allied patrols, pushing northward from Im- phal toward Kohima, gained six miles from their last announced position and now are 28 miles beyond Imphal, Mountbatten's communique said. Guam Hit by Yanks Big land-based American bombers made their second raid of the war on Guam in the longest flight in a series of air attacks that hit the full length of Japan's outer island defenses, Pa- cific commanders announced last night and today. The attacks blazing over a 5,000- mile arc cost the Japanese at least 18 planes and American Marines took another airdrome from the enemy. The Marines plunged closer to Ra- baul, wrecked fortress of New Britain, to occupy the Cape Hoskins fighter air strip without opposition. Kurile Island Base Far to the north, Aleutian based aircraft made their third daylight assault of the war on the Paramu- shiro naval base in the Kuriles Chungking admitted the situation was growing serious in China's Honan province where the Japanese con- tinued their almost uninterrupted advance on scattered fronts. The invaders were less than three miles from Loyang, gateway to central China. Most of the defending garri- son had already withdrawn from Loyang. Maj.-Gen.Claire L. Chen- nault's Chinese-American air wing was thrown into the fight in an effort to retard the advancing columns. FLDW Returns To White House From Vacation WASHINGTON,. May 8. - () - President Roosevelt, bronzed and re- laxed by four weeks in the South, settled back today into normal White House routine and a round of catch- up conferences. Senate and House leaders trooped into his study this morning and Sen- ate Majority Leader Barkley reported they "appraised the President of the status of legislation in both Houses, which is getting along very well." While the government's seizure of the Chicago plants of Montgomery Ward and Company stirred up a hub- bub and resulted in Congress' order- ing investigations while the Presi- dent was recuperating from winter illnesses at a Georgetown, S.C., plan- tation, Barkley said this was not even mentioned in today's legislative par- ley. Gonzalez-Montesinos To Talk Tomorrow Dr. Gonzalez-Montesinos, who is visiting the University under the auspices of the Department of State, will speak on "French Literary Influ- ence in Mexico" at 4:15 p.m. tomor- row in the Rackham Amphitheatre after visiting the International Cen- ter at 2:30 p.m. Professor of comparative literature and public relations officer of the National University of Mexico, Dr. Gonzalez-Montesinos is making a tour of universities in the United States and Canada. His lecture will be open to the public. 'Air Taxi' Service To Be -1 . .4 1 Reds Smash Through Axis Defense Line at Sevastopol By The Associated Press LONDON, May 8.--The Red Army has smashed through the main Axis defense line at Sevastopol, capturing heights dominating that besieged Crimean fortress and fighting on the immediate approaches to the city in a final drive to crush a trapped German-Romanian garrison, Moscow an- nounced tonight. Thus the fall of Sevastopol appeared near on the 29th day of the offensive which has liberated all of the 10,000-square-mile peninsula except the small pocket at Sevastopol, on the southwest coast 200 miles across the Black Sea Base from Romania. Nazi Garrison Stormed Russian troops supported by masses of planes and powerful artillery fire began the final storming of positions held by an Axis garrison of perhaps 25,000 men on Sunday. - NORWAY SWEDEN - I S . , l:NN* -O o ' * b . "L e n n g r a d NORWAY tokholm j INLAND,:,Nvoo SCOTLANDt,' fz Nof c :.. Gotebo g k .+tAVIA N. ,c 4 ~j r J %Vyaxma 4 ,Dlf r (?HJANfAc . .AN mb<. Ma mo Se Smolensk OLAN' uEN GLAUDKaunaI FAST". GERMANY -'- 77 "*bou'- 'c" $tet 7 2! 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In two days of bitter fighting, the buleltin said, the Russians advanced about four miles' through a widely developed system of reinforced con- crete fortifications erected since the German capture of the city July 2, 1942, and captured Inkerman, only two miles east of the city. Ahead of the charging Russian in- fantrymen lies the last formidable barrier before Sevastopol, Malakhov Hill, whose seizure in the Crimean War of 1855 determined the surren- der of Sevastopol. The Russians now are fighting over the graves of Frenchmen who died in that war. Two Lighthouses Seized Two lighthouses also were seized in the Inkerman area, both at the top of the Chornaya estuary which forms Sevastopol's valuable bay. Lyubimovka and Mikensivye Gory rail stations, from two to three miles north and northeast of Sevastopol, also were engulfed, said the broad- cast-bulletin recorded by the Soviet monitor. Soviet naval planes ranging out to sea on the escape routes to Romania Saturday sank 12 Axis vessels, four of them transports totalling 10,000 tons, the communique said. The oth- er vessels destroyed were a patrol cutter and seven high speed landing barges. Other ships in the convoy guarded by Axis warships were de- clared damaged. Negro Author To Speak on Discrunination A noted poet, author and lecturer, Langston Hughes will speak at 8 p.m. today in Lane Hall Lecture Room on "Problems -of Discrimination in the Post-War World." Mr. Hughes, known as a peoples' poet, is one of three Negroes whose plays have received Broadway pro- duction. Once a Guggenheim Fellow, Mr. Hughes is known for his sincere interest in the problems of youth. Active in the national organization, American Youth for Democracy, many of his poems deal with youth in the war-time world. Today's lecture is jointly sponsored by Inter-Racial Association and the Michigan Youth for Democratic Ac- tion. There will be a small admission charge payable at the door. Mr. Hughes was first discovered in 1920 while working as a bus boy by the poet, Vachel Lindsay. His first published book was "The Weary Blues." In 1930 his novel, "Not With- out Laughter," received the Harmon Gold Award. One of his more recent books is "The Big Sea," an autobiog- raphy published in 1941. Since his first struggles more than 20 years ago Mr. Hughes has gained both national and international fame. Many of his works have been trans- lated into foreign languages and he has become one of the best-known contemporary Negro poets. He has always been active in progressive movements. Dance Tickets on Sale in U' Hall Tickets for the University "Spring Swing" to be held from 9 p.m. to midnight Saturday in Waterman Gym have been placed on sale outside of Rm. 2 in University Hall for the tonvenience of servicemen. Sonny Dunham's orchestra, one of the top-flight bands in the country, will head the entertainment feature for the evening along with the ap- pearance of Lt. Tom Harmon and his fiancee, movie actress, Elyse Knox, who will be in town for the affair. nomrHcnns for th affair will be UMW Bid To Enter AFL Is Withdrawn Lewis Claims New Deal Is Blocking Labor Unity By The Associated Press WASHINGTON, May 8 - The breach in organized labor yawned wider than ever tonight as John L. Lewis explosively withdrew his Unit- ed Mine Workers' bid to re-enter the AFL and accused "New Deal execu- tives" and the "palace guard" of blocking labor unity for political reasons. 'No Answer Given' In a bitter letter which is expected to reverberate in the presidential campaign, Lewis said New Deal poli- ticians had given "imperative orders" to keep the mine workers'out of the AFL, and that certain members of the AFL executive council had com- plied with these "shameful plans to betray the interests of the men and women of labor." He said the council had refused to give a- "yes" or "no" answer to his application for re-entry, but "con- stantly muttered and mumbled." The letter, addressed to AFL Presi- dent William Green, demanded the return of a $60,000 check represent- ing a deposit for the first year's per capita tax. Nine-Year Break At the time Lewis applied for re- admission last May 17, Green had said that the AFL "welcomed" it and wanted to see Lewis "come back home." He had promised the council would give the proposal "sympathetic consideration." Lewis pulled out of the AFL in 1935 to form the Congress of Industrial Organizations around the nucleus of the UMW. During the 1940 presiden- tial campaign, in which Lewis bitterly opposed President Roosevelt, he an- nounced that he would step down from the CIO leadership if Roosevelt won. He subsequently did so, and finally took his miners out of the CIO fold as the result of a quarrel with CIO President Philip Murray. Hobbs To Tall Here Today "Island Fortresses of the Pacific," an illustrated lecture, will be given by Professor Emeritus W. H. Hobbs at 7:30 p.m. today in the Rackham Am- phitheatre. The lecture is being jointly spon- sored by the American Society of Civil Engineers, and the Amerkan Society of Mechanical Engineers. During 1921 and '23 Prof. Hobbs traveled extensively through the is- lands of the Pacific as a guest of the Japanese government. He was escort- ed on his toursby a Japanese arm- ored cruiser, and a United States gun boat. Prof. Hobbs is one of four white men in the world today who have ever visited these islands. He photo- graphed about 350 places in the Pacific including Truk and Bougain- ville. Prof. Hobbs stated that these films are of utmost military importance today." This lecture is particularly important for the V-12 students on campus now, for many of them will see action in the Pacific some day." S= $c x * *m* 4,900 Ward Employes To Vote on Union CHICAGO, May 8.-(P)--The Na- tional Labor Relations Board today announced 4,900 employes of Mont- gomery Ward and Company would be eligible to vote tomorrow in an election to determine whether a CIO union still represents a majority of the workers-a fundamental issue in the case that led to government seiz- ure of the firm's Chicago units. The government, in a brief sup- porting federal seizure of Ward's, contended today that "if the Presi- dent's power is now struck down, labor will know that peaceful set- tlements cannot be enforced." The statement filed in Federal Court described the concern-taken over April 26 on a White House order -as a "vast enterprise so closely connected with the war effort that its business cannot be separated from the war effort." It added that the test of the exercise of Presidential power was not the kind of property seized but the "extent of the emer- gency requiring seizure." Meanwhile in Washington, a seven- man committee headed by majority whip Ramspeck (Dem., Ga.), was chosen today to investigate for the House the government seizure. Speaker Sam Rayburn appointed four Democrats and three Republi- cans, including Rep. Dewey (Rep., Ill), author of the resolution which was adopted after heated debate last Friday. Far East Is Council Topic Sixth in a series of Post-War Coun- cil panels, a discussion of "Far East- ern Economic Exchange in the Post- War Period" will be presented at 7:30 p.m. tomorrow in the Union, Charles Draghi of the program committee announced yesterday. Speakers will be Dr. Helmut Callis, formerly a professor of far eastern economics now in the armed services, Prof. Douglas Crary of the geogra- phy department and Prof. Lionel Laing of the political science depart- ment. Lewis Howard, '44E, former president of the Student Religious Association, will act as moderator. Special emphasis will be placed on trade relations with China after the war. BOMBARDMENT TOLL: Nazis Lose 75% of Main Oil Source Output from Romania By the Associated Press ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN NAPLES, May 8.-The German war machine, hard pressed by the Rus- sians, facing imminent Allied inva- sion and possible new blows from the south, has been deprived of three- fourths of the output of its main oil source by Allied bombings of Roman- ian fields. This was announced today by Lt.- Gen. Ira C. Eaker, Allied air com- mander in the Mediterranean thea- tre, in a summary of results of the Mediterranean Air Force's spring offensive. Not only have air attacks cut production of the Ploesti fields by 75 per cent, but they have disrup- ted all lines of German communica- tions to the Russian front, he said. League Surgical Bandage Unit To Be Opened The League Surgical Dressings Unit will reopen at 1 p.m. tomorrow and will remain open until 5 p.m. Wed- nesday through Friday for the rest of the semester, according to Mickey Theilen, publicity chairman for the unit. "An increased quota has been set by the Ann Arbor Red Cross because University women have demonstrated that they are capable of turning out a .larger supply of dressings." Miss Theilen said. She added that in- creased attendance must accompany the new quota. Four by four inch bandages will constitute most of the work to be done. Dormitories, league and soror- ity houses are being asked to con- tribute a specified number of hours and will be notified of the days when they are expected to send workers. Coeds are urged to attend whether or not their house is especially in- vited. Cotton blouses, dresses or smocks must be worn as the dressings must be protected from woolen lint. Nail polish is also prohibited. Co. A Concert Has New Waltz A new feature has been announced for Co. A's second annual Spring Choir Concert to be given at 4 p.m. Sunday. A waltz, "Au Revoir," written by Cpl. Elia Figundio of Co. A for tenor soloist Cpl. Art Flynn and dedicated to the University of Michigan, will be presented, Choir Manager Stanley dmr..r- -" nim a _ sc s ria The MAAF commander's an-I nouncement followed the sixth aerial blow at Romania since Friday. RAF Halifaxes and Liberators pounded Bucharest in the face of stiff fighter opposition last night, raining explos- ives on industrial targets. The Germans lost 20 fighters in air battles near Bucharest yesterday, and nine Nazi aircraft were destroyed in other, operations, bringing the day's bag to 29. The Allies lost two heavy bombers and 12 other planes in more than 1,500 sorties. The actions pointed up Gen. Eak- er's announcement, which revealed that the Mediterranean Air Force had taken such a toll of German avi- ation, both in shooting down fighters attempting to interfere with such raids, and in the bombings of aircraft factories, that the German Air Force will be greatly hampered in its efforts to halt the coming great attack on Europe. Picturing the German Army as highly dependent upon Romanian oil, Eaker declared that destruction of refining facilities handling more than 90 per cent of Romanian crude production would without doubt have an immediate adverse effect upon the Nazi war front. World News at a Glance Court Is Firm ... By The Associated Press WASHINGTON, May 8.-The Su- preme Court today refused to budge fromeits stand that Negroes have a right to vote in Texas Democratic primary elections. * * * Lend-Lease Extended .. . WASHINGTON, May 8.-- The Senate voted 63 to 1 today for an- other one-year extension of the lend-lease program after hearing arguments that the United States seek permanent title to Caribbean air bases acquired from Britain on 99-year leases in the 1940 destroyer trade. *1 * * Soviets, Czechs Agree.. . LONDON, May 8.- Russia and Czechoslovakia have reached an agreement on administration of lib- erated areas in the latter country under which the Czechoslovak gov- ernment will assume full authority once the territory ceases to be a zone of war operations. Bricker To Boom ... May 9.-Home state voters are expected to jump Governor John W. Bricker of Ohio into second SkyAttack Rolls into 25th Day Key Rail Targets, Coastal Area Hit By The Associated Press LONDON, May 9, Tuesday.-Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower's invasion com- mand for the second straight day hurled 4,500 planes against German defenses yesterday, blasting Berlin, Brunswick, channel coastal emplace- ments and key rail targets and bag- ging 119 German planes. At midnight Axis radio stations be- gan fading from the air, indicating the two-way Allied pre-invasion sky bombardment from planes based in Britain and Italy was rolling into its 25th straight day as RAF night fleets roared out on their customary shift. Yanks Lose 49 Planes A morning attack on Berlin and Brunswick by nearly 2,000 U.S. Flying Fortresses, Liberators and their es- corting fighters cost the Americans 36 bombers and 13 fighters in great sky battles during which colliding Axis fighters and invading bombers occasionally fell locked in flames. A second formation of less than 250 Liberators and Flying Fortresses in the afternoon attacked rail yards near Brussels, Belgium and coast fortifications in the Calais and Sher- bourg areas of France. Five bomb- ers were lost on that mission. Yanks Bay 119 Planes Fighting deep inside Germany and five miles above the earth in 45- below-zero temperatures the Ameri- can heavy bomber airmen shot down 60 German planes, while their fighter pilot escorts accounted for 59, a com- munique said. Not since April 11 has the U.S. Strategic Air Force bitten off such a huge chunk of the enemy's fighter fleet. On that day 126 were destroy- ed during raids on Oschersleben, Bernburg, Rostock and 4rnswalde. Rail Targets Hit Late in the day more than 300 Am- erican Marauders and Havocs carry- ing 900 tons of bombs and escorted by swarms of fighters lashed at Ger- man rail targets at Namur, Belgium, an airfield at Exreux-Fauville and coastal installations in France. This was the second such light bomber mission of the day. One Marauder failed to return. 400 Students To Sell Tags For Boys Camp One of the annual traditions of the University, "Tag Day" will be hld Friday when 400 University students are stationed on various campus and business section posts to sell tags. Headed by Marge Hall, president of the Women's War Council, and Jim Plate, of the Union, the committee will attempt to raise $1,500 for the purpose of sending boys of 8-13 to the Fresh Air Camp for a month. Faculty member of the committee, Prof. F. N. Menefee of the engineer- ing school, pointed out that the Uni- versity Fresh Air Camp serves two important functions. It sends boys who are having trouble in their home environments away for a month, and it offers students who are interested in social work and camp counselling an opportunity to secure practical ex- perience. The camp will be staffed by ex- perts in the fields of sociology, psy- chiatry, psychology and education. Prof. L. J. Carr of the sociology de- partment and Prof. Clif urd Woody in education will be the advisers. Graduates and students in sociol- ogy who are interested in becoming camp counsellors of the period of June 26 to August 26 may secure ad- ditional information at the Summer Session office. Youth Chorus Will Give Concert Today The Festival Youth chorus under the direction of Marguerite Hood, will return to HillAuditorium for a concert beginning at 7:30 p.m. today STUDENT POLL- Daily Instigates New Feature Cognizant of the importance of national issues in this crucial election year and those which particularly affect the campus, The Daily this week is instituting a weekly series of student polls.