ii
Ait 4
4AL
Weather
Light snow and colder
+ e
. .
ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SUNDAY, FEB. 14, 1943
PRICE FIVE CENTS
_.
Armed
Russians Br
E ncircle Po
Kharkov
Only 3 Railway Lines ALLI
NORTH
Open; Nazis Prepare troops,
To Desert Rostov on the s
nisia, h
By The Associated Press attack,
to the so
LONDON, Feb. 13.- Kharkov, Ger- dueled
many's defense hub for the entire the rear:
eastern Ukraine, was within reach mel's Al
of Russian artillery from three sides Allied
guns no:
and all its main railway communica- ed and s
tions were cut by Red Army advances in the
pounding into the suburbs, two com- the loss
muniques recorded by the Soviet ra- up in t
dio Monitor indicated tonight. cold, da
The Red Army drove to the north- Planes
shot dow
west of the city where the railway to Bengazi
Bryansk was cut 20 miles outside the its own
city limits, and battered down bar- Italians
riers on the north, northeast, south- In the
east and south where it advanced to road be
within 22, 15, 11 and 24 miles respec- baa, Fr
tively, the communiques announced. tured 53
Kharkov's main railway comuni- "Succ
cations to the north and south and out ove
northwest were cut. Only three small- prisoner
er lines branching to the west and muniqu
soibhwest were left open. An Al
Tighter Hold on Rostov on the
activity
The Russians also clamped a tight- there ha
er hold on Rostov on the Don, where "The
the Germans were reported to have continui
applied the torch to the city in appar- ing for
end preparation to withdraw their sides,"
f s .Italian
In a 35-mile drive to the southwest a broad
since capturing Belgorod, the Rus- ated Pre
sians took Zolachev, only .about 20 and ma
where they cut the Kharkov-Bryansk and in C
railway line for the first time, a spe- ian mai
clal communique announced. Axis bo
'With Kharkov thus more than half- anchore
encircled, the Russians smashed for- good res
ward In an arc about the city, captur- Amr
ing Liptsi, 15 miles to the northeast, roeG
Rogan, 11 miles to the southeast, The
Kamennaya-Yaruga, 17 miles to the the heig
southeast and Kazachye-Lopan, 22 the nigh
miles to the north. These victories lieved tc
were announced in the regular mid- mored u
night communique which was broad- (The
cast later. Rommel
had bee]
Taranovka Falls there "i
This announcement also said that positions
Taranovka only 24 miles south of c0 heavy
Kharkov had fallen. Taranovka is on
the railroad that runs to Lozovaya,
already in Russian hands
On the front menacing Rostov in a Vat
tightening net, the speciol war bulle-
tin reported the capture of Novocher-
kassk, only 19 miles outside the city
and the last large town on the railway
to the north.
The cutting of the railway to Bry- To
ansk severed one of Kharkov's more "n
important communication lines to the
northwest.
The Red Army thus had penetirated , x
the German winter line to a point al-
most directly north of Dnieperope-
trovsk on the big bend of the Dnieper
River wlhere, some observers believed,
the Germans were preparing to form
a second line of defense. Dniepero-.
petrovsk is about 120 miles south and
slightly west of Zolachev.
Forces
Will
Take
12,000
a
Day
itish Hold
sitions
Tunisia
By The Associated Press
ED HEADQUARTERS IN'
AFRICA, Feb. 13.- British
clinging to their positions low
lopes east of Ousseltia in Tu-
urled back a strong German
it was announced today, while
outh the British Eighth Army
with artillery patrols against
guard of Marshal Erwin Rom-
frica Crps.
air force units bombed enemy
rthwest of German-held Sen-
trafed German troops in tents
Pont Du Fahs area without
of a plane as activity picked
his theatre despite continued
mp weather.
s of the middle east command
wn one enemy bomber west of
Libya, and reported one of
planes missing.
Captured
e hills north and south of the
tween Pont Du Fahs and Ro-
ench Algerian Spahis cap-
Italian prisoners.
essful patroling was carried
r the whole front and many
s were taken," an Allied com-
e reported.
lied spokesman disclosed that
whole front there was more
in the past 48 hours than
d been for a week previously."
cold and strong winds are
ng, but dirt roads are improv-
the motorized forces of both
ie added.
n high command reported in
cast recorded by the Associ-
ess that Allied planes bombed
chine-gunned towns and pas-
trains on the island of Sicily
Calabria province on the Ital-
nland. The same report said
mbers attacked Allied ships
ud at Bougie and Bone "with
=alts.".
d Support
erman thrust, stemming from
hts 75 miles south of Tunis on
it of Feb. 11 and 12, was be-
have been supported by ar-
nits, Allied spokesmen said.
Algiers radio declared that
's troops in southern Tunisia
n forced to evacuate positions
"i spine of the fact that these
s were protected by a screen
y tanks.")
t. Kirk Will
ak Today
Lecture on Religion
War-Time England
** *
Bombers Assembled at Willow Run Plant
McNutt, Hershey
Give, Draft Facts
In Joint Statement
No Individual from 18 to 38 Years
Can Be Deferred Unless His Work
Is Essential and He Is Irreplaceable
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, Feb. 13. - With cold, hard figures, the top man-
power officials told the American people tonight that 12,000 men a day
are going and must continue to go into the armed forces this year and that
no man 18 to 38 can be deferred, regardless of dependents, unless his work
is essential and he is irreplaceable.
Paul V. McNutt, chairman of the War Manpower Commission, and
Maj.-Gen. Lewis B. Hershey, director of Selective Service, disclosed thr
actual rate of inductions in outlining the draft outlook in a joint broadcast
One group of workers puts the final touches into the basic construction of center wing sections
of B-24 Liberator bombers (foreground) moving down a production line at the Ford Willow Run
plant. Meanwhile others start to install wheel mount, wheel and tire as the two basic lines merge
into one assembly line which moves until it meet s a second, just lik
plant on other side of a center partition (top right), thus maki
assembly lines.
Maximum Production Expected
At Willow Run This Summer
Ike it, coming parallel down the
ng. four basic lines, two main
By DAVID J. WILKIE
Associated Press Correspondent
DETROIT, Feb. 13.- (9')- "What's
the matter with Willow Run?"
You hear that question with in-
creasing frequency these days and an
accurate answer may be that there
isn't as much wrong as many persons
believe.
Because of military necessity, much
of the progress being made in the
world's largest bomber plant must be
shrouded in secrecy. But it may be
said that the giant factory for which
ground was broken 'less than two
years. ago is producing and delivering
some big Consolidated B-24D bomber
planes to the United States Army
air force; moreover it is delivering by
truck and vanload complete sub-sec-.
tions every day to factories elsewhere
for final assembly into aerial battle
craft.
These sub-assemblies constitute an
important phase of the work at Wil-
low Run. When the plant was laid
out, parts and sub-assemblies was the
only output contemplated. But Henry
Ford wanted to make complete bomb-
ers and, after much negotiation, got
a contract for their production.
The public had expected that doz-
ens of great four-motored bombers
would be -flying from the factory each
day in a matter of only a few months
after construction operations began.
As a matter of fact several dozen
finished bombers already have been
delivered to the Army air force at the
end of the mile or more of assembly
lines at Willow Run; additional doz-
ens are represented in the knock-
down parts that are packed into the
vans and trucks every day to move
out of the plant in an almost steady
stream of shipments.
But despite all the "know-how"
which automotive engineers applied
to the Willow Run project, the adap-
tation of automobile mass production
technique to its manufacturing pro-
cesses and the combined advantages
of standardized sub-assembly output,
the huge four-motored bombers with
their 115-foot wingspread and intri-
cate mechanism just aren't turned
out like, automobiles. They never will
be.
Turn to Page 8, Col. 3
Union To Hold
Annual Smoker
Campus Organizations
To Tell of Activities
Twelve organizations will introduce
their activities to eligible second se-
mester freshmen and sophomores at
the sixth annual Activities Smoker
at 8 p.m. Thursday in the Main Ball-
room of the Union.
Booths will be arranged around the
ballroom, each decorated to suggest
the activity it represents, and a pe-
cuniary award will be made to the
organization with the most attractive
and original booth.
Leaders of the various organizations
will give informal talks explaining the
functions of their groups, and Rich-
ards Ford, '44, president of the Union.
will act as master of ceremonies. Em-
phasis will be placed this year on
those functions which will further
the war effort.
Those organizations which have
signed up to participate, bringing
both a booth and a speaker are the
Gargoyle, Michigan Technic, Man-
power Corps, Interfraternity Council,
Wolverines, Varsity Band, Men's Glee
Club, Alpha Phi Omega, and the Un-
ion.
The Michigan Daily will have a
booth and two speakers, one repre-
senting the editorial staff and one the
business staff. Congress, Independent
Men's Organization, will bring a
speaker.
Eligible students, those who have
maintained a 'C' average with at least
one B or transfer students who en-
tered with good standing must obtain
eligibility cards from Room 2, Uni-
versity Hall, to be presented to the
organization head before they par-
ticipate in any activity.
Allies Approach
Two Jap Bases
In Huon Gulf
Mounting Casualties
Inflicted in Patrol
Actions in Wau Area
ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN
AUSTRALIA, Feb. 14., Sunday-(/P)-
The process of whittling down Jap
resistance in New Guinea on the ap-
proaches to the enemy's Huon Gulf
bases of Salamaua and Lae is con-
tinuing, with 32 more Jap dead added,-
to the some 1,000 slain in recent weeks
in that sector, the Allied high com-
mand reported today.
The latest casualties inflicted were
against a Japanese patrol in the Wau
area. That is the sector where the
Japs on Jan. 30 attempted to capture
an Allied airdrome and were rolled
back.
Earlier reports this week told of
the Jap force, estimated to have once
totalled over 2,000 men, retreating
toward Mubo which is only 12 miles
southwest of Salamaua.
"Our ground forces ambushed and
dispersed a patrol of 60 Japanese
marines of the enemy's rear guard
near Wandumi," the communique
said. r
"Thirty - two enemy dead were
found in the area. Our attack units
bombed and strafed the Mubo area."
General Douglas MacArthur's noon
communique also told of another
three-hour harassing attack by an
Allied heavy bomber on Rabaul, Jap
base on the northern tip of New Brit-
ain. This practice has been followed
almost nightly for more than a week
against Rabaul which has vital air-
dromes and also an extensive harbor
for Japanese shipping.
In each case,g thebomber after
cruising around has managed to slip
in for a bombing. Today's communi-
que mentioned the starting of fires.
Americans Raid Air
Base Area at Munda
WASHINGTON, Feb. 13. - (P) -
American bombers smashed a Japa-
nese gun position and started fires in
a series of raids on the air base area
at Munda in the central Solomon
Island Friday, the Navy announced
today, continuing the intensive cam-
paign to render that field useless to
the enemy.
A communique also reported that
aerial attacks had been made against
a Jap position on Kolombangara Is-
land, where the enemy also has a
landing field, but results were not
reported.
All American planes returned safely
over the Blue Network. Heretofore, t
City To Follow
Detroit On
Time Change
Ann Arbor will continue on Eastern
War Time until Detroit's "advisory
referendum" tomorrow settles the fate
of Detroit clocks, Mayor Leigh J.
Young said last night.
Washtenaw County, however, ob-
liged to conform to the state law, will
perforce make Monday a twenty-five
hour day, and even the County Court-
house-located inside Ann Arbor-
will follow the new time change.
Monday, Feb. 15, at 2 a.m. is the
hour at which the Michigan Legisla-
ture has decided the state's clock's
must be turned back one hour. If
anyone gets up or stays up to turn the
clocks, presumably that's the hour at
which confusion begins.
The legislative act left a loop-hole,
by permitting any community which
declares a "war emergency" exists to
retain Eastern War Time, which for
many sections of the state is two
hours faster than the time on which
most cities operated until a few years
ago.
Most cities in the southeastern
Michigan "munitions belt" where
war-busy factories are operating
around the clock, took advantage of
this section and decided not to change
to "slow" time.
Most of them were influenced by
their business connections with De-
troit, which left its Eastern War Time
ordinance untouched but decided to
permit voters at a primary election
Monday to cast "advisory" ballots on
the question.
New Manpower
Drive Begun
Realizing that campus registration
booths have not proved effective, the
Manpower Corps will concentrate on
enlisting the support of all organized
groups on campus during the coming
week, Mary Borman, Manpower head,
said yesterday.
All fraternities and dormitories will
be personally contacted by Corps
members in an effort to successfully
complete the current registration
drive.
Men who are not covered by these
categories are asked to enroll in the
Corps in their office in Room 303
Michigan Union.
The Corps was organized at the be-
ginning of last semester for the pur-
pose of harnessing all available stu-
dent manpower which could be put to
effective use in alleviating labor
shortages in many fields in this area.
Hutcherson, Smith Are
Slide-Rule Ball Chairmen
William Hutcherson, '43E, and
Keith Smith, '43E, have been made
co-chairmen of this year's Slide Rule
Ball, annual engineers dance, to be
held in March.
This all-engineer's dance is spon-
sored by the engineering college pub-
lication, the Michigan Technic. The
exact time and all details will be an-
his rate has been a closely-guarded
secret but in the telling there was no
comfort for the Axis.
Emphasizing the tremendous size
of this mobilization, McNutt said: "In
a week's time, we are putting into
uniform seven full divisions-in a
month, 28 divisions. This year alone,
the number of men inducted will ap-
proach in size the entire AnericeA
Army in ,the first World War." In
depicting the inductions in terms of
divisions he referred to draftees for
the Navy, Marine Corps and Coast
Guard as well as the Army.
Situation Summed Up
Hershey summed this up as mean-
ing "the great majority of the physi-
cally fit, exceptmthe farmers, between
18 and 38 years of age must go into
the armed forces this year. It is most
important that those who have jobs
in our war industries be left until
they can be replaced in order to
maintain production. The majority
of men this .year must come from
those with dependents."
Statistically, the picture presented
by these and past pronouncements
was thit: a total of about 22,154,000
men 18 to 38 with 14,000,000,to 15,-
000,000 able to pass military physical
requirements. About 2,500,000 defer-
red for vital farm work and other
highly important war jobs. About
11,200,000 in the armed service by
the end of this year
McNutt said he was presenting the
facts "clearly and frankly" because
he believed the American people
wanted the truth and they had shown
"they can take it."
Control Ignored
When he came to the question of
shifting jobs, McNutt said nothing
of direct government control.
Another high official, who could
not e quoted by name, said, however,
that the administration had decided
to oppose enactn ent of compulsory
legislation such as is now pending in
Congress. This measure, introduced
by Senator Austin (Rep.-Vt.) and
Representative Wadsworth (Rep.-
N.Y.), would make both men and wo-
men except mothers, subject to draft
for war factories and f ams where
necessary. The Senate Military Com-
mittee is still awaiting reports from
government departments on the mea-
sure but the official said that the'
adm istration preferred to continue
on voluntary basis.
e
Government,
CIO Denounce
}
Absenteeism
WASHINGTON, Feb. 13.-()-The
CIO and the government appealed to
war workers today to stop absentee-
ism, saying that the I'll-take-a-day-
off practice had doubled since the
start of the war.
Philip Murray, president of the
Congress of Industrial Organizations
wrote to all affiliates requesting that
"means be worked out for cutting pre-
ventable absenteeilm to a minimum."
"The nation," he said, "cannot af-
ford the loss of man hours resulting
from workers absenting themselves
needlessly for trivial reasons from
their jobs. Hours lost cannot be re-
gained and hours lost mean produc-
tion lost.".
Murray noted that "absenteeism is
also contagious," that "when one man
takes a day off irresponsibly, others
are likely to follow and the effect on
those who do remain at their post is
DR. WALTER VAN KIRK
Dr. Walter W. Van Kirk, red net-
work commentator on "Religion and
the News," has again been brought
to Ann Arbor by the Henry Martin
Loud Lectureship Committee. He will
speak at the morning worship ser-
vice of the First Methodist Church
today on "A Religious Close-Up of
England in War Time."
Dr. Van Kirk is Secretary of the
Department of International Justice
and Good Will of the Federal Council
of the Churches of Christ in America.
Last summer, at the invitation of the
Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr. Van
Kirk went to England to counsel with
WMC Approves
U' for Training
WASHINGTON, Feb. 13.-(A')-The
War -Manpower Commission today
approved of the training of women
aides as ordnance engineers by the
University of Michigan for the -War
Department.
The University is one of 51 colleges
and universities which have been ap-
proved for use by the War and Navy
Departments for specialized war
training programs. This group is sup-
plemental to the group of 283 schools
announced a week ago.
WMC said it would continue to ap-
prove other institutions and in some
cases additional training programs for
schools already approved.
"Therefore, no institution not ap-
proved up to the present time should
.conclude that its facilities will not be
used," WMC said. "Representatives
of institutions are advised not to
make special pleas for their particu-
i
Nlew Incoe
Ceiling Seens
More Liberal Measure
Passed by Committee
WASHINGTON, Feb. 13,-(A)-The
House Ways and Means Committee
today; approved a measure to wipe
out President Roosevelt's decree lim-
iting salaries to $25,000 after taxes
and substitute a more liberal ceiling.
It was the first formal move in the
new Congress to challenge an order
issued by the executive under the
sweeping War Powers Acts. Rep. Dis-
ney (Dem.-Okla.), its sponsor, called
the action "a revole against govern-
ment by directive."
The plan would peg salaries which
exceed $25,000 net to their level of
Dec. 7, 1942, while stipulating that
salaries which did not exceed $25,000
before Dec. 7 could not rise above that
now. It was attached as a rider to a
.bill raising the nation's legal debt