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VOL. LIU No. 103 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, WEDNESDAY, MARCH 3, 1943
PRICE FIVE CENTS
ERC
Assigne
to
Four
Midwest
Camps
__....
RAF Planes Blast
Berlin; Germans
Admit Casualties
Germany Threatens Retaliation on
Both British and American Cities;
31-Minute Raid Is Heaviest of War
7' I Ge Hitler Welcomes Spanish Representative I Duce Calls
Al elJ
F "
Army-Nay
Programs
By RICE
Associated Press
LONDON, March 2- The Germ
were killed and 208 injured last night
liered by the RAF on the Nazi capital
nels that heavy damage was inflicted,
on both the British and Americans.
Results of the recheck which in
originally announced 89 killed and 213
after the 31-minute raid began at 10 o
The German radio during the day
mide the threat of retaliation, de-
claring:
They Reap What They Sow
"The British and Americans have
refused to listen to good advice. They
will one day reap what they have
sown.
(Only a few hours after the raid, a
Berlin radio commentator had said
in a broadcast heard in New York by
CBS that American cities "may not
be safe a few months hence.")
Dispatches from Berlin itself to
neutral points across the German
FOLKSTONE, Eng., March 2.-
(JP)-One of the most violet cross-
channel duels of the war raged for
an hour tonight, with British and
German big gu s hurling salvo
after salvo over the misty Dover
Strait.
Bursts of British shells, which
appeared to be exploding inland,
ould be heard plainly on this side
of the channel. British batteries
started the shooting and the Ger-
mans responded after a short time.
frontier indicated the heaviest of the
British night bombers had coursed
freely over the center of Berlin.
Raiders Tell of Success
They told of damage inflicted
along the Unter Den Linden "as the
attackers followed their way up and
down the city's most illustrious
street."
A Berlin dispatch to Die Tat of
Zurich, Switzerland, described the
raid as the biggest Berlin ever ex-
perienced and reported that the Hed-
Turn to Page 4, Col. 5
BTalk on Bombs
Is ' Tomorrow
Professor McConkey
To Begin War Lectures
Prof. G. M. McConkey who teaches
Buildings and Grounds men how to
deal with explosive bombs will lead
the first of the Manpower Corps' in-
formal discussions on war topics at 4
p.m. tomorrow in the Architecture
Building Lecture Hall.
Prof. McConkey will explain the
properties of falling bombs as met in
either civilian or military life.
Manpower head Mary Borman, '44
invites all students to attend the ser-
ies of three discussions, which he
believes will educate the campus on
important wartime subjects.
Borman particularly urged that
each fraternity, sorority, cooperative,
and dormitory send one representa-
tive to the conference, in order that
everyone on campus will be at least
indirectly informed of these vital
matters.
Other meetings will be held March
11 and 18 in the Architecture Lecture
Hall.
Discussions in future meetings will
be centered around such topics as
Chemical Warfare and Incendiary
Bombs.
Prof. McConkey has just completed
a modern course in high explosives
and bombs, according to Manpower
officials.
Allied Planes Smash Jap
Convoy off New Guinea
YAHNER
Correspondent
ans late tonight reported 191 persons
in the heaviest scourge raid ever de-
,acknowledged through various chan-
and threatened reprisals-"one day"--
creased the casualty totals from the
wounded were broadcast just 24 hours
'clock last night.
''Professors
r .
Will Discuss
Post-War Hate
Three University professors will
discuss our "Post-War Inheritance of
Hate" at 8 p.m. tonight in the Grand
Rapids Room at the League in the
first of a series of weekly public
meetings on post-war problems spon-
sored- by the Post-War Council.
Participating in the panel will be
historian, Prof. Albert Hyma; jour-
nalist, Prof. Wesley H. Maurer, and
sociologist, Prof. Roy H. Homes.
The audience will take an active
part in the' discussion after a general
outlining of the topic by the three
faculty men, according to Bill Muehl,
,44L, who will act as student chair-
man.
The first of two panels intended
especially for men in the armed ser-
vice stationed near campus, will be
held on Monday, afternoon, March
15.
Allie's Crush
Nazi Attacks
By The Associated Press
ALLIED HEADQUARTERS IN
NORTH AFRICA, March 20.-The
complete defeat of a series of German
attacks in Northern Tunisia, in which
the enemy's casualties and losses in
material were very high, was an-
nounced today at Allied Headquar-
ters while the Allied Forces in Cen-
tral Tunisia continued their succes-
ful advance after their capture of
Sbeitla.
These troops, pushing forward be-
hind the retreat of Field Marshal Er-
win Rommel, had occupied not only
Sbeitla but Kasserine and Feriana as
well. Sbeitla is 18 miles northeast of
Kasserine; Feriana is 20 miles south-
west of that point.
State Schools Eligible
To Give War Training
Listed in WMC Report
Iyryhe Associated Press
WASHINGTON, March 2.- The!
War Manpower Commission to-
day released a third list of 238 col-
leges and universities approved for
use by the Army and Navy in basic
and specialized war training pro-
grams.
The announcement brought the
total of eligible institutions to 435.
The net increase resulting from the
new additions was 101, since a num-
ber of the schools previously had
been designated for training pro-
grams ofsa different type from those
listed today.
The committee's approval does not
guarantee that the Army or Navy will
utilize the school, but merely makes
the institution eligible to conclude a
contract with one of the armed ser-
vices for giving the type of training
specified.
The following Michigan schools
were listed among those approved for
the various training programs: '
For inspection and possible con-
tract by the Navy Department for
basic training on the new Navy
college program, V-12: University
of Michigan, Ann Arbor; Alma
College, Alma; Central Michigan
College of Education, Mt. Pleasant;
General Motors Institute, Flint;
Western Michigan College, Kala-
mazoo.
For inspection and possible con-
tract by the War Department for
basic training in the Army special-
ized training program: University
of Michigan; Wayne University,
Detroit.
For inspection and possible con-
tract by the War Department for
area and language training in the
Army specialized training pro-
gram : University of Michigan.
For inspection and possible con-
tract by the War Department for
training in meteorology for the Army
air forces: University of Michigan.
Typewriter Stolen
From Blind Student
Partially-blind Herman Hudson,
Negro student who has success-
fully,groped his way through Uni-
versity textbooks for the last three
years, yesterday found himself
without the specially-built portable
typewriter that has helped him
smooth out his rough scholastic
path.
Meanwhile, Hudson can't do any
writing and can't take examina-
tions. He can't locate the lost
typewriter, but he asks whoever
has it now to return it to him at
Abe Lincoln Coop House, 802 Pack-
ard. He promises to ask no ques-
tions.
Jose Luis Arrese (left), a member of the Spanish cabinet, is warmly
greeted on his visit to Germany by Adolf Hitler at the latter's head-
quarters. The German caption of this picture received from Lisbon
says an exchange of ideas took place in the spirit of sincere friendship
between Germany and Spain.
40
Mme. Chiang Sees World State
As War Goal ofUnited Nations
By The Associated Press
NEW YORK, Mar. 2.-A future in
which "this whole world must be
thought of as one great state common
to gods and men" was held out to-
night by Mme. Chiang Kai-Shek as
the goal of the United Nations.
The wife of China's Generalissimo,
in an address prepared for a tribute
mass meeting in Madison Square
Garden, and broadcast over the CBS
and MBS national hookups, urged
also the necessity of forgiveness forl
the enemy because "there must bef
no bitterness in the reconstructed
world."
Asking "what are we going to make
of the future?" and "what will the
convalescing world recovering from
this hideous blood-letting, be like?"
Mme. Chiang answered:
"The wisest minds in every corner
of the world are pondering over these
questions, and the wisest of all re-
serve their opinion. But, without let-
ting temerity outrun discretion, I
venture to say that certain things
must be recognized. Never again must
the dignity of man be outraged as it
has been since the dawn of history.
"All nations, great and small, must
have equal opportunity of develop-
ment. Those who are stronger andI
more advanced should consider their
strength as a trust to be used to help
the weaker nations to fit themselves
for full self-government and not to
exploit them. Exploitation is spiritu-
ally as degrading to the exploiter as
to the exploited.
"Then too, there must be no bit-
terness in the reconstructed world. No
matter what we have undergone and
suffered, wetmust try to forgive those
who injured us and remember only
the lesson gained thereby.
"Finally, in order that this war
may indeed be the war to end all wars
in all ages, and that nations, great
and small alike may be allowed to
live and let live in peace, security and
freedom in the generations to core,
cooperation in the true and highest
sense of the word must be practiced.
Reds Capture
400 Miles in
3-Day Fight
By The Associated Press
LONDON, March 2. - The Red
Army, which has marched 400 miles
in three months, continued to ad-
vance against the Germans on the
three main fronts south of Moscow
yesterday despite the mud of early
spring thaws and despite Nazi re-
inforcements rushed from Holland
to the front west of Kharkov.
The Moscow midnight communi-
que told of continuing Soviet suc-
cesses west of Kursk and Kharkov,
in the upper Donets area, west of
Rostov and in the Caucasus, al-
though the Germans put up stiff
resistance and obviously had slowed
the Red Army from the pace main-
tained in the opening months of the
winter offensive.
Of the northwestern front, where
Marshal Semeon Timoshenko last
week began an overpowering offen-
sive which liberated 900 square miles
of Soviet territory and captured 302
towns, the Soviet Information Bu-
reau lapsed into a sudden silence
which has become characteristic of
its treatment of this vital sector.
435 Killed in Action
War Office Says
WASHINGTON, Feb. 26.-- ()--
The names of 435 United States sol-
diers killed in action were made pub-
lic today by the War Department.
Listed are casualties from Alaska,
Europe, North Africa, South Pacific,
and Southwest Pacific.
One soldier was killed in Alaska,
22 in North Africa, 25 in Europe, 153
in South Pacific, and 204 in the
Southwest Pacific area.
No casualties were reported from
An, Arho. n arahtena County in
Troops lIome
From Russia
Ten Divisions of Army
To Rest, Refill Ranks
Mussolini Declares j
By The Associated Press
LONDON, March 2.-Part of the
Italian army was reported tonight to
have been called home from the Rus-
sian front as a surprise sequel to
foreign minister Joachim Von Rib-
bentrop's recent visit to Rome where
he is said to have demanded more
Italians to fill gaps in the German I
ranks.
The Rome radio announced Pre-'
mier Mussolini has ordered the with-
drawal of the ten divisions forming
the Italian Eighth Army from the
Russian front "to rest and have their
ranks refilled."
In an order of the day to the
Eighth Army the radio said Mussolini
declared:
"Against superior enemy forces you
have fought to the utmost limit and
have consecrated with blood the
standards of your divisions."
The order was dated March 1.
Reasons Cited
Unofficial British sources gave
three possible reasons for the with-
drawal:
1. That Mussolini demanded it be-
cause of heightened fears of an im-
minent Allied invasion along his
coastline.
2. That Italian divisions have been
badly cut up in the Russian offensive.
3. That the battle-torn troops pos-
sibly were regarded as useless for
anything except garrison duty and
that both Hitler and Mussolini con-
sidered it necessary to have some
troops with battle experience in Italy
now that the country is directly
threatened by Allied concentrations
across the Mediterranean.
Deferment of
Farmers Voted
ByCommittee
Senate Group Begins
Hearings on General
Manpower Legislation
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON, March 2.-Over
protests of the War Department and
Selective Service, the Senate Military
Committee voted blanket deferment
from military service for farm work-
ers today with a provision forbidding
them to take other jobs without ap-
proval of draft officials.
The Committee division was 9 to 7
with one member, Senator Holman
(Rep.-Ore.), who voted for the legis-
lation, calling it a stop-gap affair un-
til a more permanent measure can
be devised.
The Committee began hearings to-
day on general manpower legisla-
tion permitting drafting of both men
and women, if necessary for factory
and farm work. The first witness was
Rep. Wadsworth (Rep.-N. Y.), who
contended the manpower situation
now is a muddle necessitating con-
gressional action.
Sixty men
A Day Will
Be Called
Camps Custer, Grant,
Sheridan, Scott Chosen
To Train Reservists;
420 'U' Men Affected
Army Enlisted Reserve Corps, un-
assigned, men in non-deferred cate-
gories will be given orders to active
duty in groups of about 60 each day
from March 13 to 21, the Sixth Ser-
vice Command informed The Daily
yesterday.
This information, supplementing
yesterday's story, was telegraphed to
The Daily/yesterday by the Adjutant
General of the Sixth Service Com-
mand.
Four Camps Chosen
Reservists will be ordered to report
at Forts Sheridan, Ill. and Custer,
Camp Grant, Ill. and Scott Field, Ill.
They will be given "about 10 days"
notice before they must present
themselves for induction.
University men in the Reserve
number about 700, but exactly how
many are in deferred categories has
WASHINGTON, March 2.-()-
The Navy announced today that
qualifying tests for applicants for
the new Navy College training pro-
gram will be conducted, throughout
the country on Friday, April 2.
From those who take the test the
Navy will select students for Navy
College training. They will spend
their college careers on active duty
in uniform, receiving pay and
under general military discipline.
not been definitely determined. How-
ever, if about 60 men are to be called
each day of the week beginning
March 13, the Army evidently plans
to take about 420 men out of school
into active duty.
Only Deferables Remain
Shortly after the end of the semes-
ter, however, the Sixth Service Com-
mand told The Daily that plans had'
once more been delayed and it attrib-
uted the hold-up to inability to call
up other Sixth Service Command
colleges more quickly.
With the non-deferable Reservists
gone, the only Enlisted Reserve Corps
men in the University will be the
medical and pre-medical students,
dental and pre - dental students,
sophomore, junior and senior engi-
neers and categories classified as
engineers.
Knox Sees Jap
Fleet Destroyed
WASHINGTON, March 2.-(P)-
Before this war is over, Secretary
Knox declared today, "we'll utterly
destroy the Japanese fleet."
"We'll probably impose upon her
that she'll never have another fleet,"
the Navy Chief added. "She has ex-
hibited that she is not qualified to
have one."
After Knox made these statements
to a senate committee, the Navy an-
nounced submarine destruction of
five more Japanese supply ships.
;:
SOVIET EFFICIENCY EXPLA INED:
Reorganization Secret of Red Success
(Editor's Note: In the following
story, Henry C. Cassidy, chief of the
Associated Press Bureau in Moscow.
now home on leave, tells how the
giant Russian Army was changed from
three awkward units into twelve fast,
hard-striking units. Tomorrow, he
tells you about the Russian soldier as
a fighter.)
By HENRY C. CASSIDY
Associated Press Correspondent
NEW YORK, March 2.-What is
behind the success of the Red
Army?
I have been asked that question
repeatedly by persons who have
been successively surprised, first
by the Soviet Union's resistance to
Germany, then by last winter's
counter-offensive from Moscow and
now by the Red Army's re-conquest
in the Ukraine.
The answer, early in the war,
was that the power of the Soviet
Union, its 193,000,000
people, Red Army, Third
Navv and Air Force in a
the best-informed military observ-
ers in the Soviet Union for the cur-
rent Russian victories.
During the first year of the war
in Russia, the Red Army was di-
vided into three fronts, the North-
western, Western and Southwest-
ern, commanded by Marshale Kle-
menty Voroshilov, SemeonTimo-
shenko and Semeon Budenny.
Each was a large, unwieldy organi-
zation, difficult to control and
lacking elasticity.
Take, for the sake of an exam-
ple, the German estimate that the
Red Army numbered 330 divisions.
That meant that each Marshal was
commanding 110 divisions, about
one and a half million men-a stu-
pendous task under the highly-
mobile conditions of modern war-
fare.
There were some changes in the
set-up, some shifts in command,
but for a year, the organization
generally remained the same.
for example, the dispatches start-
ed, "acting army," with no desig-
nation of a specific front. Secret-
ly changes were affected.
After the battle of Stalingrad
was won, the secret cane out-the
Red Army had been re-organized
into twelve fronts, each smaller,
more manageable than the original
three.
The fronts, running from north
to south, were the Karelian, Lenin-
grad, Volkhov, Northwestern, Kal-
inin, Central, Briansk, Voronezh,
Southwestern, Don, Stalingrad and
Caucasian.
Each was commanded by a skill-
ful professional soldier.
Above them served newly-desig-
nated representatives of the gen-
eral headquarters of the supreme
command, who coordinated the ac-
tions of the fronts.
Many military observers in Mos-
cow believed this new organization,
providing closely-knit forces under
s
E
i
t
Patricia Meikle To Be Featured
In Opening of War Play Tonicrht
* * *
day in the Lydia Mendlessohn The-
atre, by the Play Production of the
speech department.
The involved romances of Rosalind,
who wins her aviator in most precise
and chilly British style, and Judy, gay
and defiant in blitzkreig and out, to
be played by Catherine Fletcher,
furnish the romantic plot for the
play. The role of Tommy, the heart-
broken song writer, will be taken by
Harold Cooper. The lucky RAF pilot,
Paul Lundy, will be portrayed by
John Babington.
Other members in the cast include
Marjorie Leete, Gertrude Slack,
Blanche Holpar, Janet Stickney, Bar-
:a