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Jitorials ,'published 'in The Michigan Daily
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THERE'S STILL A JOB TO DO:
Report Of Tolan Committee Should Dispel
American Over-Confidence In War's Progress
THE RECENTLY released report of the House corporations which, operating unde
of Representatives' Tolan Committee ought curement system used by the armed
xtf . fry .f n. u r Is51aiUIIby LII
r the old pro-
services, were
e contracting
i
i
i
to be compulsory reading for every patriotic and
clear-thinking American. It would go a long way
toward dispelling any complacency or over-con-
fidence about our war effort.
For more than two years Representative John
H. Tolan of California and his committee have
been investigating the problems of manpower,
industrial mobilization and post-war economic
conditions. Their report, given to the House early
this week, does not make pleasant reading.
Most important among the committee's find-
ings was the charge that failure to meet the
President's 1942 production goals showed that
there was still "a general maladjustment in the
war production program." Pointing to our failure
to fulfill lend-lease commitments as one of the
results of faulty industrial reorganization, Tolan
reiterated his demands for an over-all civilian
agency to direct war production and the civilian
economy. The report noted a dangerous trend
toward control of our war effort by several large
NOT ONLY FOOD:
more War Weapons
Needed By Chinese
W E AMERICANS are a generous and sympa-
thetic people.
We are sincerely distressed when we learn
about the suffering and oppression of Chinese
people. We send them food and clothing, and
when we learn that they are still suffering, we
send them more food and clothing.
But that's just where the trouble lies. We
look upon the Chinese as likeable, but helpless
and rather inferior, little boys who are to be
pitied and helped, but by no means to be con-
sidered our equals.
We forget two things. We forget that the
Chinese are allies of ours in a war which is as
tremendously important in Asia as it is in
Europe and America. And we forget that. a
most important element of the struggle in Asia
is that it shall result in a free and great China,
a China great not only in Asia but also a China
which can sit at the peace table after the war
and have a voice in post-war planning equal to
that of the other United Nations.
As Pearl Buck recently pointed out, "The Chi-
nese are a strong, brave, superior people, and I
don't want my children to grow up thinking they
are poor. I want my children to grow up thinking
of Chinese as their equals, not as people fit only
for charity."
IFTHE Chinese are to win their vitally impor-
tant fight in Asia; if they Are to assume the
great role that should be theirs in the war against
the Axis, so that they can sit at the peace con-
ference as equals of the United States, England
and Russia, we must stop giving them charity
alone.
They appreciate our gifts of food and clothing,
but what they want and need more than anything
else right now is as many weapons as we can give
them-especially airplanes.
Pearl Buck said, "Five hundred modern air-
planes, responsible Chinese tell us, would enable
them to beat back the Japanese . advance. Our
monthlV nutut of nianes is now in the thousands.
agency.
FURTHER evidence of "the haphazard charac-
ter of our mobilization of American produc-
tion" was cited in the confusion and indecision
surrounding the critical manpower crisis. The
committee expressed "general concern" over the
failure of the War Manpower Commission to
develop concrete proposals to alleviate the diffi-
culties. It blamed the manpower muddle, how-
ever, not on the absence of any national service
legislation but on the lack of strong direction of
the utilization of manpower in essential war in-
dustries and the lack of coordination between
training and transfering war workers and pro-
curement and production. Other criticisms of
the war effort were directed at (1) failure to
recognize early the necessity of "curtailment of
non-essential civilian goods," (2) "an easy opti-
mism about the use of the customary methods of
handling labor supply," and (3) the failure of
Selective Service to fix draft quotas in rural areas
without disturbing the vital demands of agricul-
ture.
Looking beyond the present conflict at possible
post-war conditions, the committee predicted an-
other "Grapes of Wrath" era with millions of
workers migrating from state to state. It called
for social security enactments that would assure
"general public assistance with a uniform settle-
ment" to combat this problem.
CERTAINLY, the Tolan Report represents
one of the most constructive and important
documents to come out of the maze of Congres-
sional committees created to invesigate one
thing or another since our entrance into the
war. It may be looked upon as a comprehensive
evaluation of our efforts so far and as a blue-
print for future and even more determined
action.
One thing, no matter how disturbing, is made
perfectly obvious. With all our industrial mobili-
zation, conversion and organization so far, the
United States still is far from its goal of an all-
out effort to supply the needs of total war. This
fact repeatedly shows up in the direction of our
civilian economy, in the perplexing problems
facing the agencies who handle the war effort on
the production and home fronts and in the lack
of equipment on the battlefronts.
Admittedly America has made great strides
since the war's first days in 1941. Production
figures confirm the belief that democracies are
just as able as the totalitarian nations in reor-
ganizing their entire national life to meet the
exigencies of an emergency. But the issue crystal-
lized by the Tolan Report is that the job is not
yet done.
Greater changes in civilian economy and in
our entire way of life are almost certain to be
realized before victory will be assured. Those
who accepted the accomplishments of the past
year and the trend of present military opera-
tions by the United Nations as indicative of an
easy victory will, let us hope, be effectively
shocked out of their apathy.
N A total war that demands a total war effort
which must be built from almost scratch out
of an industrial system geared exclusively to the
manufacturing of civilian goods, there are bound
to be mistakes accompanying the conversion from
peacetime to wartime production. The time of
1ezL tree of any reguiaulon oy Lne
DREW C
PEARSON'S,
- r
MERRY-GO-ROUND
'AHINGTON- The outsider who doesn't
know the merry-go-round of Washington
would never believe the extent to which wires
have been pulled, and wheels within wheels have
been turned to get Charles E. Wilson, WPB's new
production wizard, to go back to the old General
Electric Company post whence he came.
Paradox is that for months the Army has con-
tended there were no top-flight production men
on the War Production Board, therefore they
must take over all production. But now that
they have a man who has put new life into the
airplane program and is performing production
miracles, the Army wants to get him out of
Washington.
All of which indicates that actually the Army's
chief:ambition, no matter what happens, is to
run the show.
Here is the inside story of what has happened.
Not long ago, Lieut. Gen. Brehon Sonervell
brought to Washington David Sarnoff, head of
the Radio Corporation of America, made him
a colonel and had him survey the products
which General Electric is producing for the
Army.
General Electric happens to be a competitor of
the Radio Corporation of America, and to most
people it seemed strange that Col. Sarnoff, the
head of a strongly competing company, should
be checking on General Electric. However, this
was done just the same.
Col. Sarnoff reported that out of 62 products
General Electric was making for the Army, it was
behind on two.
SHORTLY thereafter, Charles E. Wilson, one-
time boss of General Electric, went back home
for a week-end, there met Gerard Swope, former
GE executive who had come back from retire-
ment to replace Wilson when Wilson went to
Washington.
Mr. Swope was looking very glum. He was wor-
ried over the way things were going, and he was
especially worried over the way Charley Wilson
was getting into a row with the Army in Wash-
ington. He strongly advised his old friend to
give up the WPB and come home.
Swope didn't say so, but he may have had in
mind also the fact that the one big customer of
any industry these days is the United States
Government. And when your chief executive
goes to Washington and tangles with Gen.
Somervell, the man who buys more goods for
the Government than anyone else in the USA,
then it is a proper cause for worry.
Wilson, however, is a tough fighter. When he
tackles a thing he doesn't quit. Old friends of
his in other industries-perhaps inspired by the
Army-have been urging him to return home.
When he went up for an executive board meeting
of the National Association of Manufacturers,
they treated him like a cinderella. But despite
all this, he is sticking.
(Copyright, 1943, United Features Syndicate)
of too many widely separated and iri'esponsible
agencies. Coordination will assure better plan-
ning to meet present and possible future problems
arising out of the conduct of the war.
THE TOLAN Committee has served its purpose
fiDRAMA
ALL the warm, glittering life of a
group of talented girls huddled
together in a shabby rooming house
in New York is communicated with
authenticity by those who took part
in "Stage Door" last night.
It began with a coyness on some of
their parts, an affectation as if they
were too conscious of being actresss;
and for a while, it seemed as if only
Helen Rhodes who was playing Terry,
the girl who clung to her dream of
the stage in spite of tempting movie
offers by producer, roommate-made-
good and sweetheart playwright.
knew Hamlet's advice-that acting
is to mirror nature. A few of the
others gave a sense of flurry that
obscured the drama of their indi-
vidual problems-although the direc-
tion for mob enthusiasm was good
invariably.
IF there had been less leaning on
clothes for effect, posturings and
facial winsomeness, we might have
felt each personality more. In the
beginning, even Mildred Janusch,
who played Kaye, the girl who com-
mitted suicide, did not impress one
as being any different from the rest
in the sense of having the tragic flaw.
It seems actresses would react with
less obviousness and in a manner
congruous with the situation, know-
ing the effect of understatement and
silence which in this play might have
heightened tragic moments in a way
more effective than screams.
Gertrude Slack, who played the
mother finding her daughter arriving
home in the morning in evening
dress, understood the art of subtle
underplaying. The honors for com-
edy go to Patricia Meikle, who played
Judith with a salty mischievousness,
and to Blanche Holpar, the maid.
Dorothy Wineland exhibited with
Harold Cooper, the playwright, the
incredible child-like naivete that
sometimes accompanies talent. Con-
trast was provided in a semi-ap-
proach to maturity in Terry, who
somehow had too many dimples and
too solid an approach to life ever to
cause one to be anxious over her out-
come. These girls are often more
pleasant than intense.
ONE MISSES a sense of temper-
"menit, although the volatile pitch
of enthusiasm is true to any group
of gals living together and wearing
each others clothes. The play gathers
in concentration as it goes on, al-
though the men characters hardly
ever rise to any vigor or convincing
adulthood. One didn't know John
Babington, who played the producer,
had it in him to kiss so maturely.
Little flashes of life like rhinestones
on a dress gleam on a play that after-
all is only concerned with after dark.
Morning ,con'es-and like Burgess
who goes to Hollywood, somehow that
play is never written.
Naomi Gilpatrick
DA11Y OFFICIAL
BULLETIN
(continued from Page 2)
dents are advised not to request
grades of I or X in February. When
such grades are absolutely imperative,
the work miust be made up in time
to allow your instructor to report the
make-up grade not later than 4:30,
February 2, 1943. Grades received af-.
ter that time may defer the student's
graduation until a later date.
-Robert L. Williams
Candidates for the Teacher's Cer-..
tificate for January 1943 are request-
ed to call at the office of the School
of Education either Thursday or Fri-
day, Jan. 14 or 15, between 1:30 and
4:30 p.m. to take the Teacher's Oath
which is a requirement for the cer-
tifica-te.
Degree Program for Honors in Lib-
eral Arts: Students interested in en-
tering the Degree Program for Honors
in Liberal Arts in the spring term
should leave their names with Miss
Davis, Room 1208 Angell Hall, by
Saturday noon, Jan. 16.
German Departmental Library: All
books are due on Monday, Jan. 18.
Teaching Departments wishing to
recommend tentative February grad-
uates from the College of Literature,
Science, and the Arts, and the School
of Education for Departmental Hon-
ors should send such names to the
Registrar's Office, Room 4, University
Hall before January 30, 1943.
Mr. Philip Maher will be on campus
today to interview February women
graduates for work in the Radio De-
velopment Laboratory of the Signal
Corps in Detroit. The unit maintains
a training, school of its own, and
therefore does not require a special
background. All those interested call
Ext. 371 immediately.
-Bureau of Appointments and
Occupational Information
201 Mason Hall
Office Hours 9-12 & 2-4
44
I'd Rather Be Right
NEW YORK- I am not one who
believes that things happen acci-
dentally, and therefore I propose
to sell you on the idea that Great
Britain is playing with a Beveridge
plan for social security, not because
she wants to, but because she has
to.
Great Britain is toying with a
plan for social security because her
future is insecure.
This extraordinarily simple ex-
planation will seem insufficiently
sinister to those who regard all
political change as the result of
diabolical plotting. If we will sus-
pend our normal political belliger-
ency for a moment, and concede
that the world makes sense, we will
be struck by the following facts:
Great Britain has always needed
up to a billion pounds a year of in-
come on foreign investments, prof-
its from the carrying trade, and
from insurance, to keep going. Her
foreign investments have been sold
out to finance the war, her carry-
ing trade has been scrambled and
her insurance and financial ser-
vices cannot take up the gap. Her
future is insecure, and so a Bever-
idge plan sutddenly comes aong,
and its a'rrival is as natural as that
of the rainbow after the rain, the
firemen after the fire.
Great Britain may have less in
the next peace than in the last,
and out of this need a Beveridge
plan has been born. It is actually
only a kind of peacetime rationing
plan, guaranteeing all sections of
the British population a cut in
whatever goods are available, by
guaranteeing all individuals fixed,
minimum cash benefits in every
conceivable adversity. Relief money
will be distributed instead of ration
coupons, but the social intent, to
avoid hardship and social distur-
bance by sharing, is the same.
Virtue Is as Virtue Has to Do
I CONCEDE that this is not the
popular picture of the Beveidge
plan, which is sometimes regarded
as a sudden freak outbreak of an
ideal impulse. But the fact that
England is turning to a Beveridge
plan because she has to, does not
make her a whit the less virtuous.
Rather, I should say, more. Politi-
cal virtue does not lie in sudden
burbling hunches, but in the exer-
cise of good judgment on inevita-
bilities.
Now we come to the President's
budget message, which is rich in
elements normally leading to inse-
curity. It breaks out a prospect un-
precedented in our history; a budg-
'ion of a satisfactory excuse for the
Delay and the payment of a fee of
$5.00.
Lectures
University Lecture: Dr. S. S. Kist-
er of the Norton Company will lec-
ure on the subject, "The Measure-
nent of Surface Area in Microporous
solids", under the auspices of the
American Chemical Society, on Fri-
day, Jan. 15, at 4:15 p.m. in Room
303 Chemistry Building. The public
is invited. A short business meeting
for members of the Americal Chemi-
ml Society will be held following the
lecture.
Lecture: Dr. Fred J. Hodges, Pro-
lessor of Roentgenology, will speak
to the students in the Department of
Biological Chemistry on "Therapeutic
Uses of Radioactive Substances" on
Tuesday, Jan. 19, at 4:15 p.m. in the
Rackham Building. All interested are
invited.
La Sociedad Hispanica announces
the third lecture of its series: "Local
Life in Mexico City, Buenos Aires and
Rio de Janeiro" by Mr. Fred E. Benz
today at 4:15 p.m. in Room D, Alumni
Memorial Hall. This is a movie lecture
in colors. Open to the public by ticket.
Required Hygiene Lectures for Wo-
men-1943: All first and second se-
mester freshman women are required
to take the hygiene lectures, which
are to be given the second semester.
Upperclass students who were in the
University as freshmen and who did
not fulfill the requirement are re-
quired to take and satisfactorily com-
plete this course. Enroll for these lec-
tures at the time of regular classifica-
tion at Waterman Gymnasium. These
lectures are a graduation require-
ment.
Students should enroll for one of
the two following sections. Women in
Section I should note change of sec-
ond lecture from February 22 to Feb-
ruary 24 on account of the legal holi-
day. .
Section No. I: First Lecture, Mon-
day, Feb. 15, 4:15-5:15, Natural Sci-
ence Aud.; Second Lecture, Wednes-
day, Feb. 24, 4:15-5:15, Natural Sci-
ence Aud.; Subsequent Lectures, Suc-
cessive Mondays 4:15-5:15, Natural
Science Aud.; Examination (final)
Monday, March 29, 4:15-5:15, Natural
Science Aud.
Section No. II: First Lecture, Tues-
day, Feb. 16, 4:15-5:15, Natural Sci-
et of 109 billions, taxes of 50 bil-
lions, an annual per capita civilian
expenditure allowance for food,
clothing and everything else, of
only $500, a national debt so big
we might as well call it "it" and
forget the actual figures.
As Laces Are to Shoes
HE QUESTION before the House
is whether an enlarged social
security plan is not as necessary,
and natural, a codicil to this budget
as laces are to shoes, and stamps to
letters, and buttons to vests.
The size of the budget does not
disturb us. The only doubt, rightly
suppressed at the moment, is the
ultimate threat to our social secur-
ity. There is no way to avoid inse-
curity except by a plan for security.
I don't know how to put this any
more plainly. Let me try it another
way: If we set up a plan for social
security, then, unquestionably, we
have social security, and the budg-
et's vague promise of insecurity no
longer holds.
Or, put it this way: If we can
guarantee a minimum standard of
living to all persons, in spite of
unemployment, sickness, accident,
death of breadwinners, demobili-
zation of troops, high taxes, eco-
nomie dislocation, then, by heaven,
we shall have a minimum standard
of living, and our troubles will be
formal and statistical, and not so-
cial and human, and we can man-
age them.
The point I am trying to make,
and it is so simple it is baffling, is
that if we arrange some way where-
by we all eat and keep warm dur-
ing the next ten years, then we can
handle the next ten years. This
budget needs a social security se-
tion as naturally and inevitablyas
a theatre needs insurance against
things falling on the customers.
It's Our Budget
IF WE are secure, we are secure,
and if we are insecure, we are
insecure, and the choice is ours. It
is perhaps time to lay aside the con-
ception of the war as an unpredic-
tably balky animal that might do
anything to us. It responds to treat-
ment, as does almost everything
else. Let's stop enjoying quite
avoidable uncertainties with quite
such melancholy delight.
If we don't like the insecurity
inherent in the new budget, we can
write it out, at comparatively small
cost. It's our budget. We can write
it any way we want to. That is the
bafflingly simple point; actually,
the easiest problem of the war.
(Coprlght, 1943, N.Y. Post Syndicate
Relationship between Certain Types
of Body Physique and Types of
Breathing," will be held on Friday,
Jan. 15, in East Council Room, Rack-
ham, at 4:00 p.m. Chairman, H. H.
Bloomer.;
By action of the Executive Board,
he Chairman may invite members of
the faculties and advanced doctoral
candidates to attend the examination
Ind he may grant permission to those
#ho for sufficient reason might wish
to be present. -C. S. Yoakum
Economics 51: There will be no 2
T'clock lecture today.
-Shorey Peterson
Concerts
Faculty Recital: Joseph Brinkman
and Wassily Besekirsky will present a
recital for piano and violin at 8:30
this evening in the Assembly Hall of
;he Rackham Building. The program
;onsists of three sonatas, written by
Veracini, Brahms and DeLamarter.
The public is cordially invited.
Exhibitions
Exhibition, Ufliversity Museums:
'Animals on our Fighting Fronts-Il.
3irds". Sixty-five birds collected from
zarious countries which are now con-
,id-.red as war zones, such as New
Guinea, Solomon Islands, Africa,
England, etc. This particular seriei
will be exhibited until January 16.
?irst floor rotunda, University Muse-
mins. Open daily 8-5; Sunday 2 to 5.
The public is invited.
events Today
Junior Mathematics Club will meet
tonight at 7:30, in Room 3010 Angell
Hall. Professor Myers will speak on
Cryptanalysis. Refreshments.
Graduate History Club will meet in
the West Conference Room of the
Rackhamn Building tonight at 8:00.
Professor Boak will speak.
All Advanced Corps ROTC invited
to hear Lieut. Verne Kennedy, U.S.
Marines, tonight at 8:00 in the Nat-
ural Science Auditorium. This is
sponsored by the Army Ordnance
Association.
Varsity Glee Club: Regular rehear-
sal today. Important that deposit
be made for folders at once; please
return all Michigan songbooks at that
time.