THE MICHIGAN DAILY SUNDA
upigan
lIaity
Letters To The Editor
I
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he
Drew Pedrsow
dOd
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NIGHT EDITOR: ROBERT MANTHO
The editorials published in The Michigan
Daily are written by members of The Daily
staff and represent the views of the writers
only.
lsolationist And Liberal?
s It Possible? -
A CHALLENGE of fundamental im-
portance has been aimed at ,inter-'
rentionists of "Swander's ilk."
lIii most concise terms, it questions how one,
an remain an interventionist and a liberal at
he same time.
The challenge revealed a thoroughly inade-
'uate acquaintance with the men, the motives
rd the ideals of the interventionist movement,
id, blandly ignored the ominous danger in cer-
ain of the isolationist bedfellows and "ideals."
Do the innumerable democratic idealists of the
nterventionist movement have to be pointed
>ut one by one, their records gone over and their
onstituents listed? That should not be neces-
nary again-it has been done amply in the past.
['he isolationists,' then, must know these men
xis. Evidently they are oblivious to the deep-
eated reason behind their stand.
We would ask, what are the ideals of the iso-
ationists, who look on nonchalantly while the
deals of freedom, humanity and progress are
mashed throughout the civilized world? Their
iswer-we strengthen these ideals in our own
ountry. They say that by not trying to stop the
nurder of freedom of- speech, religion and press,
et alone the free labor movement, they can build
hese same attributes up to a new vitality in the
Jnited States. ,
UCH a limited "ideal" has also limited the
vision and perspective of these "idealists." If
ntervention were to die tomorrow, where would
he control go? To Wheeler, Lindbergh and Nye,
rithout doubt. And as we all know, they are not
he disciples of democracy, nor of brotherly love.
But for the sake of argumeit, let us assume
hat such a sincere man as Norman Thomas were
o exert the dominating influence in American
ife. Would that insure our freedom with a vic-
orious Hitler? What would happen to our free
abor movement under the mental and physical
train that a Nazi victory would compel? With
,ngland, Russia and probably China gone, our
sland in a sea of Fascism would have an ever-
asting horror of the Fascist sea rising and swal-
>wing it. We would constantly grow weaker
reparing, the whole national attitude would
ecome one of futility with infinite more
eason than now) and we would be easy meat for
yranny, whether from without or within.
Fine atmosphere for freedom. Fine atmos-
here for brotherly love. Fine atmosphere for a
emocratic labor movement.
Isolationists then ask, "Aren't they -the inter-
entionists) defeating their own purpose by
acking a strike, now, no matter how justified it
ayy be?"'
What do these national introverts believe to
e the fundamental ideal motivating the inter-
entionists of "Swander's ilk?"
Those of the "ilk" and, incidentally, interven-'
onist labor leaders both in Britain and in the
inlted States, are fighting to strengthen de-
"cracy throughout the world, and that means
t home too. Unless this is done, the cause is
ot worth supreme sacrifice.
Referring specifically to the captive mines
;rike, isolationists repeat, "we don't see how
is possible to remain an interventionist and
liperal at the same time." As far as the cap-
ye mine strike is conce'ned, these points should
e made: Sincere interventionists within the
IO such as James Carey and R. J. Thomas un-
,....R:. a .4.7 w..ew i rno.Tk Lx f fl~" .Fib s xna _
Closed Shop And Democracy
To the Editor:
Let us not argue over trivia. The present cae
of the mine strike goes much deeper than Mr.
Swander would lead us to believe. Whether the
striking miners obtain or do not obtain a closed
shop is no more important than whether or not
the automobile workers obtain a closed shop.
The fundamental question is. should there be
a closed shop in any industry.
Mr. Swander berates the management of the
steel companies for refusing to give in to the
union on this issue. He will admit that the
steel companies have, in the past agreed to
wage increases, but for this he will give them no
credit. His answer will no doubt be that the steel
companies were forced to raise wages. Whatever
their motives, the fact remains that they have
helped to better the living conditions of their
workers. They have now reached a point where
they have' refused, are refusing, and, we hope,
will continue to refuse to give in to labor.
No doubt Mr. Swander will -justify the closed
shop on the grounds that it has been granted to
labor in several industries. Is this any justifica-
tion? We seem to remember an old saying about
"Two wrongs . " In this particular case Mr.
Swander justifies the demand for a closed shop
on the grounds that 95 percent of the miners
belong to the, UMW. There is certainly good
reason to doubt the accuracy of these figures,
but that is of little or no importance. It would
make no difference if the UMW could boast
a 99 percent membership. The fundamental
principle of the closed shop is still wrong.
Mr. Swander condemns the management of the
steel companies for their lack of patriotism. He
implies that they are sabotaging our democracy
in favor -of their own selfish interests. Perhaps
their motives are selfish ones, but what about
labor?
And as far as democracy -is concerned, just
what is democratic about the closed shop?,Is it
a fundamental principle of democracy that a
man must pay to get a job? For in reality that is
what the closed shop amounts to. Mr. Swander
might well be defied to point out one democratic
aspect of the closed shop principle. Yet Mr.
Swander terms the pteel companies unpatriotic!
Every man should have the right to work
where he wants to, at what he wants to, and on
his own terms. He should not have to "knuckle
under" to any organization whatsoever, espec-
ially one which is supposed to be helping labor.
Moreover this particular institution is not one
which seeks to improve the working or living
conditions of the workers. Its primary objective
is that of power; power to hold the "whip-hand"
over big business; power to deny workers their
rights of individualism; power based on purely
selfish reasons.
Mr. Swander claims an open shop to be un-
fair to the organized majority, since the un-
organized minority though as little as 5 per
cent shares equally in all the benefits of
organization. Then he condemns the manage-
mneit of the steel companies for being selfish.
Please, Mr. Swander, let us be consistent!
-Wm. G. Robinson
VAting Machines
For Ann Arbor . .
T HE DECISION of the Ann Arbor City
Council to install voting machines
for use in elections should receive the whole-
hearted support of the community. The pro-
vision of a simple, economical methodof voting
and the guarantee of honest administration of
that method are necessary conditions for tlt
successful working of the Democratic,system.
Voting machines are already in use in many
of the large cities in this country. New York,
Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Indianapolis, San Fran-
cisco and Los Angeles are among those using the
machines. They have proven far superior to the
old way of voting by ballot in all cases. Their
greatest disadvantage, of course, is the large
cost involved in the initial purchase. This cost,
however, is more than balanced by the savings
possible during a long period of time. The huge
yearly expense of printing ballots will be com-
pletely avoided.
THE TIME-SAVING ELEMENT involved in
relections is also important. Under the old
system the results of elections were not known
fbr as long as a day. With machines automat-
ically tabulating the votes, results will be error-
less and ascertained within several hours. The
large number of incorrectly marked ballots will
also be done away with.
Obviously the greatest advantage of the voting
machines is its elimination of possible fraudu-
lent counting. While Ann Arbor elections have
continuously been devoid of such actions, ,the
possibility of tampering with the ballot count
always remains. The voting machine effectively
removes this possibility. It also makes the pro-
cess required of the voter much simpler.
ALTHOUGH the Council has as yet not given
the go-ahead signal on the actual buying of
the machines, it is certain that this will be done.
The Council should be praised for the farsight-
ed step that will assure the Ann Arbor citizenry
of the most efficient way of voting.
-eorge W. Sallade
movement means to a vigorous democracy, howf
vital it is for the movement to constantly ad-
vance. And they understood that if labor backed
down at this point, its test of strength, that its
cause might go on the downslide, and labor's
vital enthusiasm for demonracv with it.
Are Coal Miners People?
To the Editor:
Those who are busy shouting that strikes
must stop might remember that we, the people
of the United States, are the coal miners too.
We are fighting for home and family, for free-
dom of speech and the opportunity to earn a
decent living. The miner was fighting for these
things before the defense effort arrived on the
scene. Prior to the New Deal and the vise of the
C.I.O., the coal operators had control over most
of the things that made life worth living for
their employees.,In the words of one old miner.
there were two thipgs the company didn't own'
in his town-"the Railroad and God."
The twenty students who spent last summer
working for the American Friends' Service Com-
mittee (Quakers) rehabilitation project in Fay-
ette County;Pa., lived with the miners who work
the captive mines in that district. They saw
some of the conditions they had heard about,
(some they hadn't heard about), they heard the
stories that these families had to tell them, and
they had the chance to become, a little bit, neigh-
bors. I know about the captive mines and the
"captive" miners because I was one of the re-
habilitators for the AFSC. Coal mining has al-
ways been particularly susceptible to booms and
depressions because there has been little plan-
ning of production. Besides it is estimated that
there are 130,000 too many miners in the in-
dustry. To cut down expenses (especially 1931-2-
3-4) the companies dismissed the "inside" men
whose job it is to lay track so that cars can
be brought up to the face of the coal for load-
ing, and to set timbers to hold up the roof. The
miner then had to do this work himself before
he was able to get the coal out. In other words,
the miner worked for the company on his own
time - for no pay! Paid only for the coal he
loaded, the miner loaded extra tons into wagons,
the weight of which was misrepresented by the
company, and received- the pittance which one
operator flung him! In other mines the check
weighman falsified the tonnage for "the com-
pany. Until the coming of the United Mine
Workers, the miner was helpless in the face of
these abuses.
He could not act singly against the company.
He was fired if he\dared to make a complaint;
he was blacklisted in all the mines and despite
the verbal protection of tenancy laws, he was
liable to be evicted immediately from the com-
pany-owned house on any pretense whatsoever.
The company store was perhaps the most no-
torious abuse. Miners were forced to buy there
at double the prices charged at other competing
stores. Duringa period of employment the miner
paid off the debts he had contracted for food,
etc., while he had been laid off. A pay check
shown us by an employee of Frick Coal and Coke
Co., a U.S. steel subsidiary,.typically had deduc-
tions for rent, doctor, insurance, light. The bal-
ance was for food, after the company had taken
its share. Since very few miners worked reg-
ularly, pay checks often ran to fractions of the
dollar and minus quantities.
During the depression of the thirties, the com-
pany stores extended credit at first. Some, how-
ever, finally were shut down - shelves stocked
with canned goods and miners' children starving.
Quakers who volunteered in a child-feeding
program, were unable to reach the poorest fam-
ilies through the schools - those children had
not enough clothes to get there. One relief work-
er, with experience in Europe, said that the
clothing situation "could only be compared to
that in Poland and Russia after the last war."
The children were swollen - bellied with star-
vation, rachitic, sickly and unable to retain food
when relief finally did get to them.
The boom in the coal industry bringing 7
dollars a day is only temporary. The defense pro-
gram will last only a few years - then what?
The companies are making no attempt to remedy
bad housing conditions. The union is fighting
for vacations with pay and better all-around
conditions which hold with "closed shop". Is this
defense of a democracy for the stockholders
or for the millions of farmers and workers?
I'm just a carpenter, painter . . . America!
- Joan M. Deiches
Doii'Says
How hard and thick-skinned can one become
and yet remain sensitive to the needs of others?
On what basis can a devout soul approach his
God in a day of blood and tears? When all of
our intercourse and our group life is chilled by
the threat of universal war and world-revolution
what shall we do to keep life free and the mind
alert? Such are the questions which run through
every person's thoughts day after day.
Religion is fundamental. Between God and
man no person, no event, no nation, no situation
can intervene. That street is a two-way thor-
oughfare and always open. To avail myself of it,
I must learn to pray. If this is for you. a new
task, begin with the reading of meaningful
prayers, such as endure in the Episcopal Book of
Common Prayer and the writings of Thomas a
Kempis, Samuel McComb, Walter Rauschenbash,
W. E. Orchard. Remember that prayer, accord-
ing to Trench: "Is not the overcoming of God's
reluctance; it is laying hold of His highest
willingness."
Re'ligion, also, deals with the personal atti-
tude. In a world where serious conflicts are
many, when issues are sharply drawn, when
great stakes are up, when each must choose and
on his choice take the consequences, when good
men offer opposing calls, he is most religions who
can maintain unity between his God-concept
and his rpainmo +f llnw ma pi, loci a -
TASHINGTON-Being Republican
National Chairman these troub-
led days is no easy-chair sinecure.
Between trying to keep peace be-
tween rambunctious Willkie inter-
ventionists and rebellious isolation-
ists whipping an effective organiza-
tion into shape for next year's mo-
mentous elections, and wringing
funds from disaffected contributors,
the job of National Chairman de-
mands the patience of Job, the hardi-
ness of a broncho buster and the
fervor of a temperance crusader.
Modest Chairman Joe Martin would
be the last to claim any of these
qnalifications.. Both friends and foes
agree he is doing an able job under
extremely trying conditions.
The increasingly bitter cleavage be-
tween GOP isolationists afid antis
is a real threat to the party, and
no one knows that better than Mar-
tin. Thpe recent move by a group of
House isolationists to "purge" Willkie
was largely empty clatter. Represen-
tative Dewey Short, leader of the
clique, is a big shot in his Missouri
Ozark district, but little potatoes in
Republican national councils. Short
and his small band have neither the
power nor the standing to purge
anyone.
THE ONLY THING that was signif-
icant about the outbreak was that
it brought into the open the seething
factionalism now raging within the
party over foreign policy.
This undercover struggle will not
be decided by the GOP in Congress.
It will come to a showdown in Jan-
uary at a National Committee meet-
ing that has been called by Martin.
Also attending the pow-wow' will
be all GOP State Chairmen, who in
the past year, through an organiza-.
tion of their own, have been very in-
sistent about getting a bigger voice
in the management of the party's af-
fairs nationally. The chairmen plan to
demand such recognition at the Jan-
uary meeting. Specifically, they want
one of them to be made No. 2 man
in the national headquarters wth the
title of executive director.
The chairmen had several plain-
talking conferences with Martini about
this last summer. Without waiting for
the January conclave, he already is
doing something about it.
He has appointed Ken Wherry,
forceful Nebraska State Chairman,
as his western representative, and as
Wherry's first job, sent him on a tour
of 22 states to meet local leaders and
advise on pepping up their" organ-
izations.
Japanese Parleys
Most Japanese who fly--across the
Pacific are watched very carefully.
But Special Ambassador Saburo Ku-
rusu was an exception. By deliberate
design, he was allowed to get a very
general view of the vast air bases
which the U.S. Navy has built on the
strategic islands of the Pacific.
The reason was obvious - namely,
to strengthen the bargaining power
of American diplomacy, fr the
stronger the American position in the
Pacific, the more toned-down is Jap-
anese belligerency.
Probably this birds-eye view of our
fortifications had little effect up-
on Ambassador Kurusu, however, for
two reasons. One is that the Japan-
ese already have a very efficient es-
pionage system and probably already
knew all about our Pacific dtrength.
Second was the fact that the Japan-
ese already had begun to pause a bit
- chiefly because Hitler's Russian
time-table was out of gear. -
The important differencebetween
the U.S. and Japanese discussions
during the current week is that the
Japanese are pushing theirs, while
Messrs. Hull and Roosevelt are pro-
longing theirs. The Japanese; moder-
ates would like to get something done
immediately in order to head off the
military. And the military also are
not entirely averse to talking terms
with the United States-if they can
get our recognition of Japanese con-
quest over China - which is going to
be very difficult.
The final outcome, however, de-
pends almost entirely on Russian de-
feat or Russian victory:
other. A third will appear with such
vague ideals and such low purpose
that living has no tension and choices
make little difference. Growth in
make little difference. Growth of
soul in a decade like our own is apt
to depend upon the energy and will
a man can summon to move toward
ideals or goals which long have bea-
coned him but never commanded
resolute allegiance.
Faith in an adequate God, whose
world is succeeding beyond man's pet-
ty bungling, is one of the boons of
religion:
"It fortifies my soul to know
That though I perish, truth is so:
I steadier step when I recall
That, if I slip, Thou doest not fall."
(Arthur Clough)_
A comnlete renly to the issues raised
DAILY OFF"ICIAL BULLETIN
. -I* "W" --WW
"After I
SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 23, 9411
VOL. LI. No. 48
Publication in the Daily Official
Bulletin is constructive notice to all
members of the University.]
Notices
Notice to All Faculty Members and
University Employees. The regents
of the University in 1931 adopted the
following resolution:
Resolved, That it is the sense of the
Regents that employees on "full-
time" and on annual or monthlysal-
ary who ordinarily receive a vacation
at the expense of the University and
pay on holidays and for a reasonable
period of sick leave if necessary, are
not entitled to payment for "over-
time," whether in their own or an-
other department of the University
unless such arrangement shall have
been authorized in advance by the
President or the Board of Regents.
Faculty, School of Education: The
regular meeting of the faculty will be
held on Monday, November 24, in the
University Elementary School Li-
brary. Tea will be served at 3:45 p.m.
and meeting will convene at 4:15 p.m.
Choral Union Concert: The Chi-
cago Symphony Orchestra, Frederick
Stock, Conductor, will be heard Sun-
day afternoon, November 30 at 3:00
o'clock, in Hill Auditorium. Dr Stock
has arranged a program of composi-
tions byBach, Strauss, Tschaikow-
sky, Elgar, and Rimsky-Korsakoff.
A limited number of tickets are
still available at the offices f the
University Musical Society in Burton
Memorial Tower.
,Charles A. Sink, President.
Executive Committee of the Inter
fraternity Council: The following dis-
ciplinary measures were takqn by the
Executive Committee of the Inter-
fraternity Council at a meeting held
Friday, November 21:l
A fine of twenty-five dollars was
imposed upon Chi Phi for an illegal
initiation with the warning that a
.similar infraction in the future will
be more severely dealt with.
A fine of ten dollars was imposed
upon Acacia for its failure to comply
with the Interfraternity rules re-
garding initiation, with a warning
that any violations in the future will
be dealt with more severely.
Phi Kappa Psi was warned to dis-
continue pledging men who have not
registered properly with the Inter-
fraternity Council, and reminded
that a further violation of the rules
will be considered a much more seri-
ous offense.
Zeta Psi was reprimanded for al-
lowing a second semester freshman
to live in the house. The pledge was
denied permission to be initiated and
forced to leave the fraternity im-
mediately.
Robert Porter, Secretary
Hitch Hikers: About a month ago
a student left a pair of shoes in a
car in which he rode from Detroit
to Ann Arbor. The Dean of Stu-
dents' Office has information re-
garding the person holding them
for the students.
Academic 'otices
Physics Colloquium will be held in
Room 1041, Randall Laboratory, at
4:15 p.m., on Monday, November 24.
Professor Duffendack will speak on
the topic, "The Use of a Geiger-
Mueller Photoelectron Color in Spec-
troscopic Research."
Biological Chemistry Seminar will
be held in Room 319, West Medical
ing. All interested are cordially in-
vited.
To Students Enrolled for Series of
Lectures on Naval Subjects: Cap-
tain Lyal A. Davidson, Captain U.S.
Navy, Professor of Naval Science and
Tactics, University of Michigan wfill
deliver a lecture on "The Naval Dis-
trict and Joint Operations with the
Army" at 7:15 p.m. on Tuesday, No-
vember 25, in Room 348 West En-
gineering Building.
Economics 181: Hour examination
scheduled for November 25 has been
postponed until December 2.
Robert S. Ford
Economics 221: Professor Haber
will meet the seminar on Wednesday,
November 26, 1:00-3:00 p.m., instead
of on Monday, November 24.
Geology 11-Bluebook No. 2, on
Friday, November 28, at 9 o'clock.
Students whose names begin with A
through T-Auditorium; U through
Z-Room 3055 N.S.
Concerts
Faculty Concert: The public is
cordially invited to attend a concert
given by several members, of the
faculty of the School of Music at
4:15 p.m. today in Lydia Mendelssohn
Theater. Participating in the pro-
grai will be Mrs. Maud Okkelberg,
Mrs. Ava Case and Professor Joseph
Brinkman pianists, Mr. Mark Bills,
baritone and Mr. William StubIns,
clarinetist.
Exhibitions
The Ann Arbor Art Association
presents an exhibition of "Contem-
porary Textiles" designed by Rodier,
Dufy, Dufresne, Poiret, Deskey, and
V'Saski, and from the School of De-
sign in ,Chicago, the Cranbrook
Academy of Art, the Taliesin Fellow-
ship, and the Commercial Market.
Textile processes, with models, looms,
demonstration weaving and printing,
are included. Rackham Building Ex-
hibition Galleles' through Nov. 24,
2:00-5:00 and 7:30-9:00 p.m.
Exhibition, College of Architecture
and Design: Stulent work of the
member schools of the Association of
Collegiate Schools is being shown in
the third floor exhibition room,
Architecture Building. Open daily 9
to 5, except Sunday, through Novem-
ber 25. The public is invited.
Lectures
University Lecture Cancelled: Jacob
Crane, Assistant Coordinator Division
of Defense Housing Coordination,
who was scheduled to lecture here
on Monday, November 24, at 2:00
p.m. in the ground floor lecture
room, Architecture Building, has been
unayoidably detained in Washington
and will be unable to keep his ap-
pointment.
University Lecture: Mr. Hubert
Herring, Executive Director of the
Committee on Cultural Relations
with Latin America, will lecture on.
the subject, "Latin America, Ger-
many, and the United States," un-
der the auspices of the Committee'on
Latin-American Studies, on Monday,
November 24, at 4:15 p.m. in th
Rackham Amphitheater. The pub-
lic is cordially invited.
University Lecture: Lieutenant
Paul A. Smith, Chief of the Aero-
nautical Chart Section, U.S. Coast
and Geodetic Survey, will lecture on
the subject, "Lands Beneath the
scred Kuzma, two of them grabbed my legs and two
others had to take my arms."