THE MICHIGAN DAILY °.TMsn
THE MICHIGAN DAILY
Edited and managed by students of the University of
M~ichigan. udder the authority of the Board in Control
of Student. Publications.
Published every morning except Monday during the
University year and Summer Session.
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use for republication of all news dispatches credited to
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reserved.
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a Subscriptions during the regular school year by
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420 MADIsONAVE. NEw YORK. N. Y.
CHICAGO - BOSTON- LOS ANGELES * SAN FRANCISCO
Member, Associated Collegiate Press, 1940-41
Editorial Staff
Emile Gele
Robert Speckhard
Albert P. Blaustein .
David Lachenbruch
Bernard Dober. .
Alvin Dann
Hal Wilson
Arthur Hill
Janet Hiatt
Grace Miller
. . . Managing Editor
Editorial Director
City Editor
. . . Associate Editor
S. . Associate Editor
Associate Editor
. . . . Sports Editor
. . Assistant Sports Editor
Ass .tWomen's Editor
Assistant Women's Editor
Daniel
James
Louise
Evelyn
H. Huyett
B. Collins
Carpenter
Wright .
Business Staff
. . . Business Manager
. Assistant Business Manager
. Womren's Advertising Manager
. Women's Business Manager
NIGHT EDITOR: WILL SAPP
The editorials published in The Michi-
gan Daily are written by members of The
Daily staff and represent the views of the
writers only.
The New Editors
Carry O.. .
T HERE IS ONE significant difference
between the position of the new
Daily editors and that of our predecessors of last
year and the years before-we are in the midst
of many of the problems they were yet ap-
proaching. While they could still speak about
the evils of war, conscription, economic capacity,
and the possibility of censorship in general
terms, we must work out those principles through
the meshwork of what already is on the books.
N TIMES AS THESE tempers are drawn tight
er, those who may oppose war become ap-
peasers, fears and suspicion mount with the
speed of a neighborhood scandal. Through it all
we must maintain the best ethics of journalism,
and the full exercise of the democratic process
in the news and editorial columns of a free Daily.
Rules of accuracy, clarity and objectivity will
not be relaxed in our news columns and the
headlines. Though at times suspicion of bias
may creep in, it will be human failing and the
difficulty of the situation that may be charged
guilty. The news columns will be open to all-
the interest and importance of the story will
be its only limitations.
THE EDITORIAL PAGE as well will observe
the rules of good journalism, but upon its
shoulders also will fall the task of maintaining
the full exercise of the democratic process-if
need be, by the considered sting of the Socratic
gad-fly. Objetivity here does not exclude the
expression of opinion, for only by the frank ad-
mission of one's premises and the complete exer-
cise of scientific rigor in the placing of fact in
thte mesh of the argument, can one approach the
truth. The editorial page has been and will
continue to be the free market where opinions
will compete on their own merit. The truth for
you as well as the editors, will be the intersection
of opinion as it appears to the individual mind.
* * *
THE CONVICTION that the Daily has, and will
continue to live up to these principles, is
evidenced in the decision of our Board in Con-
trol of Student Publications to ask the Board of
Regents to reconsider their proposed "packing"
of the Publications Board. It is further mani-
fest in today's announcement that considerable
opposition to the "packing" of the Board was
evidenced in yesterday's meeting of the Literary
College faculty. Many of those very faculty
members who are leading the opposition to
changing The Daily set-up are people with whom
The Daily editors have disagreed most strenu-
ously on current issues.
THE NEW EDITORS will continue the cam-
paign against any "packing," which has
been begun by the retiring editors. The new
editors hope that you too will continue the cam-
paign, for The Daily is also yours. Without your
cooperation, without your dissent, The Daily
soon will become petrified-retining the form
but not the substance. The origin of the great-
est malady the world knows today might be
summed up in those words.
Emile Gele
Robert Speckhard
Albert P. Blaustein
David Lachenbruch
Bernard Dober
6d
RobetS. Ain
WASHINGTON - Heavy conferences among
Army and Defense chiefs on plans for another
vast expansion of plane producing facilities are
in progress behind the scenes.
If this seems surprising, since hundreds of
millions already have been allocated for this
purpose, the reason is clear when you examine
the gigantic size of the industrial system re-
quired to build the 50,000 planes called for by
President Roosevelt after the fall of France.
Between July 1, 1940 and March 1, 1941, just
the floor space of the aviation industry expand-
ed from 17,216,410 square feet to 31,383,967. In
a few months four huge new bomber assembly
plants, at Kansas City, Fort Worth, Tulsa and
Omaha, fed with parts by scores of other fac-
tories, will add millions of additional square feet.
BUT EVEN with all these assembly and parts
plants in full operation, the total output of
combat planes by the end of 1942 will still be
far short of 50,000.
On order are 44,835 planes divided as follows:
For Canada and the R.A.F. - 16,000, plus 3,600
bombers undei' the so-called Knudsen plan; for
the U.S. Army - 16,575, of which only half
will be combat planes; for the Navy - 6,660, of
which about one-fourth will be trainer planes.
Thus it will be seen that of the 23,235 planes
the Army and Navy are scheduled to receive in
the next 18 months, only around 14,000 will be
actual fighting ships. The rest will be trainers.
That is why Defense authorities are preparing
to erect two, possibly four, more bomber assembly
plants, also to expand existing plane and motor
factories and to farm out orders for propellers
and other parts to scores of plants now engaged
in defense work.
Bombers To The Fore
WAR DEVELOPMENTS have brought bombers,
particularly of the long range type carrying
great weight, to the fore as the major need of
both our Army and the British.
In April our bomber output was about one-sixth
of the total number of planes produced - ap-
proximately 250 out of 1,375. This was about 50
more than in March and the number will mount
monthly. By September production is scheduled
to top 500 a month, and thereafter should step
up another 300 per month as the four assembly
plants swing into full operation.
This year's total U.S. plane output, it is esti-
mated, will be 18,000, or about three times the
number in 1940. For 1942, production is now
guessed at 30,000, but experts are confident that
figure will be considerably exceeded under the
plant expansion plans now being formulated.
N ANY EVENT, by July of next year we should
be turning out a minimum of 2,400 planes a
month. Military experts believe Germany's plane
capacity is greater than this now. The Nazis are
not necessarily producing more than 2,400 planes
every mointh, but they have the plant facilities
to do so.
It is known that the Germans are concentrat-
ing on new types; one a twin-engined fighter of
2750 horsepower, carrying eight guns, including
cannon. Another is a new model of the Heinkel
fighter; still another is a new four-motored ship
of great range and weight-carrying capacity.
U.S. air experts are working on 16 different
new models, several of them interceptors to com-
bat night bombing, a devastating form of at-
tack which none of the belligerents has yet been
able to lick.
Hidden Colleague
A STOCKY, gray-haired man, flanked by a
group of sightseers, approached a Capitol
policeman and asked directions to the office of
Senator Hiram Johnson of California.
Tucked away in an obscure corner on the north
side of the Capitol where tourists never tread,
Johnson's office is one of the hardest to find
in the great structure.
"I'll do my best to explain how to get there,"
said the policeman. "Are you a tourist?"
"No," grinned the inquirer, "I'm the other Sen-
ator from California, Sheridan Downey."
Mediterranean Key
KEY TO THE FATEFUL battle of the Mediter-
ranean which is about to burst in full fury
is not the Suez Canal, but Britain's great naval
base at Alexandria, 125 miles west of the canal
entrance.
It is the capture of Alexandria that the Nazis
are after, for this would deprive the British of
their key "bridgehead" in northern Africa and
ensure Axis domination of the eastern Mediter-
ranean. So in coming days, watch the war dis-
patches from Alexandria.
Actually, the Suez Canal itself has been of
little value to the British for months. It went
out of use as the so-called "life-line of the em-
pire" when the Axis air attack that severely dam-
aged the aircraft carrier Illustrious proved it
was suicidal to attempt to convoy shipping
through the long and narrow waterway.
SINCE THEN the Mediterranean has been a
no man's land" for all the belligerents.
While 2,000 miles in length, its narrow width
at certain places has made it extremely hazardous
for both sides, and the British have been routing
their shipping around the Cape of Good Hope
for some time.
Loss of the Mediterranean would, of course, be
a serious blow to the British; but it would by
no means end the war or mean victory for the
LETTERS
TO THE EDITOR
More Modern Verse
To the Editor:
IT IS neither easy nor discrete for me to stick
my slender neck in front of the University
and the Department of English that has been
kind to me in several ways; and yet I must: I
must assume that the University is in existence
primarily for students. As a student I feel that
I have the right to criticize the University, its
Departments, and its faculty. However, I do not
assume that my criticism is unfriendly or un-
kind. I do not assume that there is anything
personal in my remarks, but wish them to be
taken as a student's comments on an issue of
interest to both the department in question and'
the student body in general. From what I know
of the English Department as a whole, I do not
think that it will resent criticism from an inter-
ested party.
THE SQUABBLE about Mr. W. H. Auden and
the incident I mentioned is not a separate
thing in itself, but is very closely allied to the
fate of modern poetry in this University. A
professor complains that he who speaks of the
"Beauties of modern literature is often a voice
calling in the wilderness . . .", that there is
almost no one in the class who knows what he
is talking about. I most heartily agree with
this statement, and I hasten to inquire, who is
to blame? The English Department itself is to
blame, I say.
AM SPEAKING of modern verse now: looking
back into the old catalogues, and remember-
ing my own hope of getting into a modern verse
class, this is what I found. A course in Modern
Verse, under various titles, has been listed in
the catalogue for the last ten years; and every
single year, with the one exception of '33-'34,
the same catalogue listing has closed with the
italicized retraction, "(Omitted '35-'36), (Omit-
ted '36-'37)" etc. up to the up to date omission
of "(Omitted '40-'41)".
T MUST BE NOTED, in all fairness, that mod-
ern verse is taught in several of the required
and elective English courses, but that is not
enough. Other full courses in the modern novel
and drama are offered every year, and their
popularity is eloquent testimony as to the stu-
dent interest in living, in current literature. The
Modern Novel course has an enrollment of ap-
proximately 260 students, and this does not in-
clude the undergraduates who were turned away
to make room for senior and graduate students.
ANY MEMBER of the English Department
will probably admit that poetry is a more
important form of literature than prose; and
yet the department as a unit does not make it
their business to offer a course in poetry that is
being written in these significant years in which
we are now living. This letter might go on and
on and enumerate as the recent petition for a
modern verse course that was signed by many
students, such things as the popularity of the
modern verse course in the Engineering School,
such things as the overflowing lectures on mod-
ern verse that were given off-campus by a grad-
uate student, such things as many interested
students who took advantage of the hospitality
of the Engineering School and conferred with
the eminent poet-critic who was in residence
here for the last two springs, such things as -
but it should be obvious by now.
THE DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH has al-
ready done a great deal to make it one of
the best in this part of the nation; but other
colleges, almost without exception, offer Moderii
Verse-not only in their catalogues, but in their
lecture halls-because they realize its impor-
tance. The student body has shown its willing-
ness to elect such a course; and now I wonder
if the Department of English will see fit to give
it to them; I wonder, but I cannot wait, to see
if they will resurrect themselves from a horse
and buggy status in regard to Modern Verse.
- Charles Miller, '41
A Tribute
To Yost a
In verse and rhyme let's celebrate
And so perchance perpetuate
The qualities we've learned to prize
As they've been lived before our eyes.
For forty years has one upheld
The best ideals with vim unequaled
And yet today in him there lurk
The gifts that put ideals to work.
Of fame and praise, brimful his cup
For who does not know "Hurry Up?"
Thru all the ages, more outstrip
His record for true sportsmanship.
As his salute we'd put in rhyme
A "locomotar" for all time
Since sportsmen evermore will toast
The sterling leadership of Yost!
- Arthur H. Ortmeyer, 'O6Lit
on plans to fight the New Deal's agricultural pro-
gram, and intends to hold a series of meetings
with state Republican leaders for the same pur-
pose . . . Representative Lyndon Johnson has
chalked up a high score for getting federal pro-
jects for his district. Campaigning for the seat
of the late Senator Morris Sheppard, the young
New Dealer is promising that if elected to the
v
VENTURE TO PREDICT that defense spending alone
will not soon absorb all of our idle manpower unless
the schedule of production is greatly stepped up above
the rate in prospect over the next few months, and un-
less it is accompanied by a boom in civilian production
brought on by increased purchasing power. This com-
bination might, by about 1943, reduce unemployment
to such levels that unemployment insurance and a lim-
ited WPA program would prevent distress.
The principal assumption upon which this prediction
rests is that the war will continue for two or more years
as it is now without the involvement of this country to
the extent of sending troops or training a larger army
than at present is contemplated.
I assume also that it will be 1943 or later before full
plant capacity is attained in this country. Secretary
Morgenthau as already intimated that we cannot spend
money as rapidly as it has been appropriated and auf
thorized.
Any forcast as to the volume of unemployment in-
volves these questions:
1. How many were unemployed when the defense
drive started?
2. How many will go to work in defense industries
and to supply the increased demands of the defense
workers?
3. To what extent will the new work be done by
those who were previously unemployed?
The National Industrial Conference Board has made
the following prediction: Starting with an estimate of
6,650,000 unemployed in October, 1940, they add 350,000
new workers due to population increase up to June, 1941,
and subtract an estimated 2,600,000 new jobs due di-
rectly and indirectly to defense orders which had been
allocated up to November, 1940.
They come out with 4,400,000 unemployed in June,
1941, when the results of the 91/2 billion dollars of de-
fense contracts awarded through October, 1940, reach
their peak effect on unemployment.
The Conference Board estimate assumes that there
were 6,650,000 jobless in October, 1940, but other esti-
mators disagree widely, some claiming nearly 9,000,000
for the same month.
Let us turn to the second question: How many jobs
will defense industry create? The Conference Board's
estimate of 2,600,000 new jobs between October, 1940,
and June, 1941, is based on some definite assumptions,
which they list as follows:
1. That workers will be available at the proper
times and places.
2. That prevailing output per worker will con-
tinue.
3. That there will be adequate equipment and
and adequate flow of materials.
4. That essential defense production will not be
interrupted by labor difficulties.
5. That current civilian production will not be
curtailed.
Obstacles to all of these will tend to reduce the
number of employed workers in the earlier stages of
effort, though they may string the employment out
over a longer period. The estimate of 2,600,000 employed
by June, 1941, is therefore probably too high.
Will the new jobs be filled by those who were unem-
ployed in October, 1940? Unemployed persons have
various handicaps which reduce their chances of ab-.
sorption into defense industries. They are not a. group
with uniform characteristics; but show a wide diversity
in age, color and sex, previous training and experience,
length of unemployment and loss of skill, and the de-
gree of health and vigor necessary for high-speed
industry.
Some will therefore be welcomed, but some will not
be employed except as a last resort.
Now consider the manufacturer.who has a contract
which must be completed in rush time. Who besides
the unemployed can do the work? One alternative is to
do as much of it as possible by stretcehing the present
labor force. Overtime will be more prevalent, workers
now on part-time work will be put on full time, and,
special effort will be devoted to the discovery of econ-
omies and labor-saving devices.
Perhaps a fourth of the defense work will be accom-
plished by alloting more hours of labor to those already
employed and by bringing in people who have been
considered as unemployed.
Since the figure of 4,400,000 unemployed in June,
1940, is based as one of the lower estimates of unem-
ployment at the beginning of the period; since the eco-
nomic machine will not work so smoothly as to fulfill
the assumptions on which the creation of 2,600,000 de-
fense job8 rest; and since not every one of these new
jobs will go to the unemployed, it seems safe to predict
that defense activities will not alone reduce the rolls
of the jobless to the extent indicated by this somewhat
optimistic prediction. Only a sharp recovery in pro-
duction for civilian needs could accomplish this.
After the peak has passed in the work on the 9 %-
billion-dollar contracts awarded before November, 1940,
employment on these contracts will diminish rapidly,
the reduction amounting to about 2,500,000 jobs by
the end of 1941. In addition, the working population
will have been increasing at about 50,000 per month.
Therefore/in order even to maintain employment at
the peak level, new orders will have to be placed to ab-
sorb these.
Armament spending is a spree followed by the sever-
est headaches. Sudden cessation of defense industry
at anywhere near its peak would throw millions : of
people back into the breadline and dislocate the whole
machinery of production. Defense spending should,
however, eventually be reduced to the lowest level con-
sistent with safety, since it is one of the lease effective
forms of public works for spreading purchasing power.
The full use of our manpower is in itself an inner
line of defense of the nation since it would be a major
accomplishment in strengthening morale. Ways must
be found to reach full employment not merely by keep-
ing a large part of the productive population busy in
an arms race, but eventually in a normal industry which
will contribute to better living.
Will DefenseEndUnemployment?
As Others Estimated reduction of jobless to 44,400,000 doubted
See It ..,. by expert even if we had capacity to open up the
2,600,000 jobs needed to support this figure -
Thomas J. Woofter, Research Director, Federal Security Administration; in Harper's Magazine
DAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN
(Continued from Page 2)
architect of Midland, will lecture on
the subject, "The Modern House,"
illustrated, under the auspices of the
College of Architecture and Design,
at 4:15 p.m. today in the Rackham
Amphitheatre. The public is cordially
invited.
University Lecture: Professor Ralph
E. Cleland, Chairman of the Depart-
ment of Botany, Indiana University,
will lecture on the subject, "Chromo-
some Behavior in Relation to the
Origin of Species"(illustrated) under
the auspices of the Department of
Botany at 4:15 p.m. on Thursday,
May 8, in the Natural Science Audi-
torium. The public is cordially in-
vited.
University Lecture: Dr. Elmer A.
Culler, Professor ofPsychology at the
University of Rochester, will lecture
on the subject, "The Limiting Form
of the Learning Curve" under the
auspices of the Department of Psy-
chology at 8 p.m. on Thursday, May
15, in the W. K. Kellogg Founda-
tion Institute Auditorium. The public
is cordially invited.
University Lecture: Professor R. B.
1owat of the University of Bristol,
England, will lecture on the subject,
"Literature and Society in Eighteenth
Century England" under the auspices
of the Department of History at 4:15
p.m. on Tuesday, May 20, in the
Rackham Lecture Hall. The public is
cordially invited.
Events Today
Junior Research Club. The May
meeting of the Junior Research Club
will be held tonight at 7:30 in the
Amphitheatre of the Horace H. Rack-
ham School of Graduate Studies.
Program: "Petroleum Prospecting
in New Zealand" by L. B. Kellum,
Geology Department.
"Ceramic Technological Research
in Near Eastern Archaeology" by F.
R. Matson, Museum of Anthropology.
terested, are invited to listen to the
following program of recorded music
in the Men's Lounge of the Rackh'am
Building tonight at 8:00.
Mozart-Sonata in D Major for two
Pianos.
Paganini-Concerto in D Major for
Violin.
Strauss-Till Eulenspiegel.
The League House Council will
hold a meeting tonight at 8:00 in
the Council Room of the League. All
representatives are required to attend.
The Merit System Committee will
meet today in the League at 5 p.n.
All previous members and any others
interested in working on this com-
mittee should attend. If anyone is
interested and cannot attend, call
Peggy Polumbaum at 2-259 1.
Interviews for Soph Cabaret will be
held this week, today through Friday,
May 9, from 3 to 5 p.m. in the Under-
graduate Office of the League. Bring
eligibility cards, and come prepared
to elaborate on suggestions for cen-
tral theme or committee organization.
Harris Hall: Tea will be served to-
day from 4 to 5:30 p.m. All Episco-
pal students and their friends are cor-
dially invited.
Senior Ball Committee meeting to-
night at 8:30 in the Union.
Christian Science Organization will
meet tonight at 8:15 in the chapel
of the Michigan League.
The Bibliophiles Section of the Fac-
ulty Women's Club meets today at
2:30 at the home of Mrs. F. R. Finch,
1619 S. University Avenue.
Coming Events
Red Cross Senior Life Saving Course
for men students starts Wednesday,
May 7, at -the Intramural Pool from
5 to 8 p.m. George P. Rodechko, Red
Cross Water Safety Instructor, in
charge.
Hobby House meeting on Wednes-
day, May 7, at 3:15 p.m. at Palmer
Field House. Any girls interested in
craft work - leatherworking, wood-
burning, etc. - are invited.
All Episcopal Students: There will
be a celebration of the Holy Commun-
ion in the Bishop Williams Memorial
Chapel, Wednesday, at 7:30 a.m.
RADIO SPOTLIGHT
WJR CKLW WWJ WXYZ
760 KC - CBS 800 KC - Mutual 950 KC -- NBC Red 11270 KC - NBC Blue
Tuesday Evening
7:30 Gus Haenschen Musical Horace Heidt's Uncle Jim's
7:45 Orchestra Rendezvous Treasure Chest Question Bee
8:00 We, Gratiot Avenue Battle of Grand Central
8:15 The People Baptist Church the Sexes Station
8:30 Invitation Morton Gould Fibber McGee Challenge o' Yukon
8:45 To Learning Orchestra And Molly Musical Interlude
9:00 G. Miller Orch. Good Bob Hope's Wythe Williams
9:15 Public Affairs Neighbors Program Our New
9:30 Four Clubmen News; Adventures College American
9:45 Melody Marvels In Rhythm Humor Music
10:00 Amos 'n' Andy National News Fred Waring News
10:15 Lanny Ross Britain Speaks S. L. A. Marshall Bobby Byrne Orch.