E FOr THE MICHIGAN DAILY SUND
AY, MARCH 16, 1941
E MICHIGAN DAILY
FIRE and WATER
By MASCOTT
I '
Edited and managed by students of the University of
Michigan under the authority of the Board in Control
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CHICAGO " BosToN " Los ANGELES * SAN FRANCISCO
Vember, Associated Collegiate
Editorial Staff
Press, 1940-41
Hervie Haufier _
Alvin Sarasohn .
Paul M. Chandler
Karl Kessler
Milton Orshefsky
Howard' A. Goldman,.
Laurence Mascott
Donald Wirtchafter
Esther Osser
Helen Corman
Managing Editor
. . . Editorial Director
. . . . City Editor
. . . Associate Editor
. . . Associate Editor
S . . Associate Editor
* Associate Editor
. . . . Sports Editor
. . . -Women's Editor
S . Exchange Editor
Business Staff
Business Manager .
Assistant Business Manager
Women's Business Manager
Women's Advertising Manager
Irving Guttman
Robert Gilmour
Helen Bohnsack
Jane Krause
NIGHT EDITOR: EMILE GEL
The editorials published in The Michi-
gan Daily are written by members of The
Daily staff and represent the views of the
writers only.
Mr. Hoover's
Relief Plan
W ILE SOME FACTIONS do not mind
getting into war, they urge humani-
tarian methods of dealing with the civilian
S populations oppressed by wholesale destruction.
Other groups do not like war under any circum-
stances and seek to mitigate its inevitable ef-
:fects; while still other factions think innocent
peoples should not suffer during war or any
other time. All these groups stand behind Her-
bert Hoover's National Committee on Food for
the Small Democracies.
But a Big Democracy stood between Mr. Hoo-
ver's committee and the Small Democracies this
week with the announcement that Great Britain
could not "permit the blockade to be weakened
or undermined by the admission of supplies from
overseas into any territory under enemy control."
DECLARING that the import of food into oc-
cupied territory would retard a speedy
British victory and the release of Europe from
enemy 'domination, Great Britain defined the
blockade of Europe as a means of clogging the
whole economic war machine of Germany. It is
intended to force the Nazis into using in uneco-
nomic ways goods they produce or possess, and
to render as burdensome as possible distribution
of supplies within occupied areas. Imports of
food for any group would weaken the, effect of
this policy, Britain says.
Britain argues that Germany is attempting to
organize the occupied territories to form an in-
tegral part of its war machine; that their fac-
tories and their agriculture are forced to work
for the Nazis; and that their surplus products
are employed by Germany for military pur-
poses. Any plan, therefore, to aid controlled
populations falls into the Nazi scheme. The
British announcement states: "They (Germns)
disclaim the obligation to make good any local
deficiencies except those in Germany itself.
Every arrival of foodstuffs into any one part
of the occupied area thus constitutes a direct
encouragement to the German technique of
exploitation."
BRITAIN CLAIMS the objection is not based
on the question of whether any supplies
admitted are consumed only by the subject
peoples for whom they. are intended, but whe-
ther the Gerlan economy is thereby relieved in
another direction. If aid is not sent from the
United States, Britain says, it is not likely that
Germany will permit hunger to impair the effi-
ciency or to increase the discontent of the sub-
ject population which is essential to the opera-
tion of the German war machine.
In reply to the British objections, Mr. Hoover
asserted that recent surveys have shown that
the food situation in the occupied democracies
is much worse than the British indicate, and
that detailed agreements with Germany prevent
use of the civilian supplies for Nazi war pur-
poses. The Germans have not only agreed to
ship certain grains into the occupied area for
the civil population, but have asserted that there
would be no interference with imports and no
requisition or absorption of native food, that
ships will be free of attack, and that a neutral
commission will oversee relief to insure com-
pliance with rules.
'4R. HOOVER POINTS OUT that no food goes
WHAT kind of a democracy is this anyway?
In the year 1941 when millions of our
youth have been forced to sacrifice a year and
maybe more of their lives for "democracy and
national defense," we seem to be faced with one
of the most gigantic conspiracies against democ-
racy since a certain man named Arnold "sold
out" to the British many long years ago.
IN THE PAST FEW WEEKS, for example,
we've seen some of the most crude and vicious
labor-baiting in the history of our country. Just
glance at any of our major, big-time and small-
time reactionary and conservative press, and
you can't help noticing more biased, anti-labor
scareheads and stories than in the heyday of
first passage of the Wagner Act.. The varied
news services (Associated Press, United Press,
International News Service, etc.) send reams of
copy over the wires telling of the latest strikes
and "agitation" against plants "with valuable
defense contracts." And the press, either by
sheer ignorance or deliberate policy, has run
these rarely true but always misleading stories.
HERE are some facts on labor and national
defense:
1) According to President Roosevelt, strikes
have at no time affected more than one-fourth
of one per cent of defense production.
2) Bureau of Labor Statistics reports-
Year Strikes
1917..............-. - . 4,450
1918..........-.... ,353
1937 ...................... 4,740
1940 ...................... 2,450
Yet, continually, repeated over and over on
the radio, reprinted again and again in the news-
paper, the term "national defense contract"
becomes the shibboleth of U.S. reaction-a magic
phrase which justifies terrific profits for the
defense producer and plants for him built by the
government and means the same standards of
living, in some cases pitiably low for labor, pos-
sibly on the assumption that a worker on na-
tional defense can, ipso facto, subsist on a lower
standard of living.
I TNDOUBTEDLY, there are today two groups
that are high "in the saddle" in Washing-
ton: Big Business (which produces the heavy
industrial equipment vital to national defense)
and the Army. Some of the leadership of both
groups we find pretty hard to stomach. Big
Business' attitude is particularly undemocratic
when it demands sacrifices from the rest of so-
ciety without an equal sacrifice on its own part
Fashion Trends
For Warfare .. .
A RECENT CONTRIBUTOR to the
Infantry Journal asks:
"Must we always watch from the sidelines to
see what kind of an army the winner has and
then run ourselves out of breath and our subor-
dinates out of patience in frenzied efforts to
build one like it? Is originality completely lost?
Must we always copy? We have already bor-
rowed more military patterns from Europe than
our imitator fashion centers have borrowed
models for clothes. Can't we create something
bigger and better than merely an approximate
facsimile of a panzer division? Where in the
devil is our American imaginative creation?"
THIS is a particularly pertinent query in the
midst of the current clamor for an army
"equal to Hitler's." American army men have
long regretted the stabilized warfare of the
World War, which we accepted in imitation of
the English and French.
We have always advocated open warfare and
the elastic defense, the very tactics which the
present European war are showing to be the
latest thing. We may well recall the develop-
ment of the Cossack post in our Revolutionary
War and the use 'of cavalry in the War Between
the States; all in our tradition of open warfare.
THE TIME for research and experiment is
now, before the expenditure of the huge
sums planned for our new army. To those who
laugh at an attempt to best the Continental
warlords at their own game: we have an eager
inquisitiveness and healthy skepticism which
the totalitarian robots can never equal.
-- William MacLeod
(and thus necessarily the unemployed) and to
children."
But the one British argument Mr. Hoover
does not adequately answer is: "The exist-
ence of local shortages in certain districts of the
occupied territories is not an admissible argu-
ment; for it was not to be expected that the
enemy would make good his depredations or
restore the supplies he has looted, while he is
still hopeful that supplementary supplies from
overseas may be forthcoming."
While neither Germans nor Americans nor
British doubt the lofty purpose of Mr. Hoover's
Humanitarian Committee, certain aspects of the
question are not clear. For instance, when has
Germany became so benevolent toward its con-
quered territories that it will encourage outside
aid for their benefit while the German. peoples
themselves are cut down to the barest margin of
existence? Second, can Britain be seeking re-
venge on the small democracies for their sur-
render by starving them under the guise of war
strategy, or can Britain lack the facts on food
conditions available to Mr. Hoover's committee?
MR. HOOVER'S PROJECT could do much to
Cc
1 ,
j
1
(that is, the yielding of some of its profits or
the sharing of some of the tremendous profits
with its labor.) Big Business' attitude becomes
especially obnoxious to one who has any concept
of democracy when it (B.B.) begins to consider
itself above the law. Eugene C. Grace (Bethle-
hem Steel Co.) and Henry Ford are two obvious
examples. And we mean the Wagner Act.
NOT ONLY,,however, does Big Business use
"national defense" as a means toward
"cracking down" on labor in heavy industry,
but the opportunity is taken to smear all labor in
all industries. Here we refer particularly to the
many anti-strike measures appearing in our
legislatures as labor attempts, arid justly so, to
increase its wages as prices rise, profits boom
and the nation nears full employment of re-
sources.
We quote the 1936 Senate Munitions Commit-
tee report: "Patriotism is something to talk
about to the public, as the president of Beth-
lehem Steel (Eugene Grace) did fully, early in
1917. To the War Department, in private they
talk prices and profits, and say, in effect 'take it
or leave it,' knowing that they have the govern-
ment at their mercy."
A NOTHER REVEALING QUOTATION is that
of Ernest Bevin, British Minister of Labor:
"I think it is true to say that the feeling of the
people of this country . . . is that the system
based on monopoly and big business has failed
to deliver the goods in the hours of trial."
But more about this in another column.
The
City Editor's
cla tch
1?ad.
Letters To The Editor
Proportion . . . grad). "Tammany Hall Makes It Fel- a democracy before we extend aid.
ony to Join Any Other Political Par- That completely misses the boat, for
To The Editor: ty" (actual mono-party system in England is in a damned-if-she-does
I would like to congratulate El Se- Russia, Germany and Italy). "Thirty and damned-if-she-doesn't spot. To
reno quite sincerely on his reply to Thousand Philadelphians Bombed win the war and defeat Hitler on the
ny letter. It is not only much su- After City Surrenders" (Rotterdam). continent England must push through
perior in argument and tone to his "El Sereno and Slosson Shot by Fir- those social reconstructions which
first letter, but it raises a very im- ing Squad for 'Provocative Utter- would make this a truly People's
portant point: how much are we liv- ances' "-which would just about War and give new courage to the peo-
ing up to our own liberties? Obvious- close the chapter! ples of Europe and persuade them
ly, every time we tolerate the barring No difference worth bothering that Britain's cause is their cause.
of a Communist ticket from the bal- about-eh? As Tom Wintringham put it (New
lot we invade our freedom of elec- - Preston Slosson Ways of War, Penguin Books), such a
tions; every time we tolerate lynch- democratic development is necessary
ings or "third degree" police methods from "a simple and one-sided view
we weaken our legal liberties; every The First Must . .. of politics that derives from military
time we permit Mayor Hague to To The Editor: needs, the needs of victory." So, too,
break up orderly meetings or let In a letter to The Michigan Daily Harold Laski points out (Where Do
Mayor Bill Thompson ban heretical some months back (November 14, We Go From Here, Viking .Press)
histories from the schools we injure 1940), I stated that aid to Britain was that a far-reaching program is nec-
freedom of criticism. El Sereno will an imperative corollary to progres- essary to defeat Hitler in the 'Battle
admit that I have always opposed and sive reform in the United States, i for Britain.
never condoned violations of civil "that domestic reconstruction in But there are difficulties in the way
liberties in this country. America has become inextricably of such a development. England is
bound up with domestic reconstruc- at the mercy of her allies-her em-
B' . . . ! Are we to have no sense tion in the world." It appears even pire and the United States. The vest-
of proportion? Because we have more evident today that a progressive ed corporate interests of this coun-
Al Capone gangsters that kidnap, in- foreign policy demands that we stop try are going to yield to the re-
timidate and murder, are we in the Fascism wherever it threatens and, quirements of the times no more
same category as nations that are therefore, as Americans who have a quickly or willingly than their Tory'
governed by gangsters that kidnap, democratic America as our goal, we counterparts in Britain. As long as
intimidate and murder? Because we must do everything we, can to help the one remains strong, the other will
have lynchings by private lawless in- England defeat Nazism. be reinforced.
dividuals are we like countries whose
governments conduct "blood purges?" ad. herp to England musthtotalS O IT APPEARS that if England
If there were even the remotest re- needs. which we hrcan spaeverythings does not go through with social
semblance between our own evils and nareconstruction, she will be beaten by
those of the totalitarian countries we planes, armaments and credits. If our the Fascist army of Germany; if she
could look for the following items: aid is not conditional and faulty, does push through, she stands in
"Roosevelt Urges Execution of Glass, credits must be extended-even be- danger of being starved by the Fas-
fore England's own resources are ex cist-minded gentry of the rest of the
Byrd, mih,(Ccx, aable Otoe hausted-because England must con- cs-me etyo h eto h
'Old Democrats' " (comparable to tinue the war on an all-out basis. world. In the face of this, the pro-
the wholesale execution of the "old gram for democratic America seems
Bolsheviks" under Stalin). "MemberA policy of caution and penny-pinch- clear. Our sitting around and waiting
of Cabinet Says There Will Be No i Ming now would be fatal. But to con- will prevent her from making those
Peace in America till All Negroes Are surances that there will be more mon- changes which we seek. Now is the
Put to Death" (comparable to state- hese has extime to press for aid to England. Ev-
ments by Streicher and other promi- eraprent s he le-easeery boatload of supplies we send
nent Nazi leaders on Jews). "Entire ct recognizedthisypreicae and gives her more courage to proceed.
Faculty of Michigan Sent to Con- encouraged American manufacturers It becomes more urgent, as well,
centration Camps" (compare Cra- to accept British orders as well as for us to push through to democracy
cow). "Million 'Okies' Deported from enabling us to direct British expen- in this country, for only a progressive
California to Northern Alaska" (com- ditures for our "surplus" items which America will be willing and able to
pare deportations of Kulaks, Poles, she actually needs. support a progressive England. A so-
Jews, etc.). "Four Million Farmers ciety under monopolistic and appease-
Starve to Death in Dustbowl" (Volga MORE IMPORTANT that the eco- ment control will not aid a democrat-
Basin famine, 1920; estimates for nomic basis for aiding England ic England. Only as we push through
later famine in early 'thirties). "Fam- is the political one. A far-reaching to a significant social reconstruc-
ilies of Reds to be Shot as Hostages program of social reconstruction is tion will England do likewise. Wheth-
for Escapes" (a technique used in the only possible answer for the Brit- er we put a democratic world as our
all totalitarian countries). "Ameri- ish people to the production and mo- first goal or a democratic America,
can Army Seizes Ontario; Too Near rale problems raised by the need for the first "Must" on the agenda is
Detroit for Safety, Say Experts" (the total defense. Many Americans argue democratic ~social reform here and
actual justification used for Russia's that we should wait until England now.
attack on Finland-too near Lenin- makes good on her promise to become -- Martin B. Dworkis
AILY OFFICIAL BULLET-IN
1I
ALTHOUGH the campus doesn't know it, Mar-
garet Campbell, executive secretary of the
now-on-probation ASU, has been given a schol-
arship by the University to replace the one she
lost last fall.
University officials said last fall that the
alumni scholarship had been taken away
because she had changed her residence from
Saginaw (where she was given the award
upon graduating from high school) to St.
Louis, Mo., outside the state. But Dean
Yoakum promised to do his best to dig up
some funds to help a girl who had an ex-
cellent scholastic record and needed the
money.
liOMInie Says
Does a new level of usefulness seem to be
possible as we look toward a transition swiftly
to a Defense statue? Can we, while we are
driven by necessity to many changes, abruptly
remake our social attitudes and personal reac-
tions? I believe we can speed up improvement
at least. Not every community can do so, but
a university can.
While we of staff and teaching status can
boast of no monopoly on emotional maturity nor
claim any superior wisdom beyond our several
specialities, yet among our faculties are the very
men who understand social techniques, personal-
ity measurement, motivation, the directing of
energies, the growth of attitudes, and the form-
ing of behavior patterns. Can these leaders with
their insights be mobilized and their wisdom
focused upon the problems of student transition?
Students should know the Bureau of Educa-
tional Investigation, the Bureau of Vocational
Information, the Psychological Clinic, the Insti-
tute of Human Adjustment, the Psychiatrists
at the Health Service, as well as various men
and women who devote their energies to definite
personality purpose. What use of these agencies
is made voluntarily by the students?
Which fraternity, struggling with a pledge
class, desperately hoping to initiate all the boys,
has even invited any one of the agencies to teach
them how to understand those pledges? What
honor society has ever thought it part of their
function to discover the emotion tensions of its
members or to enlist any one of these agencies
in such an effort? What Congress or Assembly
committee has ever used any one of these agen-
cies to help increase the happiness, the effi-
ciency, the culture or the inner enrichment of
those students who are unstable, often depressed,
disposed to fits of temper, or habitually "go on
a bender?" Yet it is far easier for any counselor,
or doctor or teacher or clinician to make use of
his experience when the person concerned and
some group in which such a person is in fellow-
ship asks aid, than when no one invited help.
In fact, these counselors can act only when the
person, himself a capable free agent and in nor-
mal status, calls for conference or enters into a
partnership on personal problems.
Would such an effort become formal? Will not
such an effort rattle, or squeak, or be artificial?
Not when the students initiate it. To be certain'
if we who are deans, or counselors, or clinicians,
institute such a campus-wide therapy, it would
SUNDAY, MARCH 16, 1941
VOL. LI. No. 117
Publication in the Daily Official
Bulletin is constructive notice to all
members of the University.
Notices
Faculty, School of Education: The
March meeting of the Faculty will be
held on Monday, March 17, at 4:15
p.m. in the School of Education
Library.
Chairmen of Activities: Your at-
tention is called to the fact that first
semester eligibility cards may not be
used after March 1. Any one who
has not presented to you an eligibil-
ity certificate for the second semester
should be excluded from activities
until such a certificate has been pre-
sented.
The chairmen of the following ac-
tivities have not yet filed Eligibil-
ity Lists for the second semester with
the Dean of Students. These lists
should be submitted on forms pro-
vided by the Office of the Dean of
Students BY MARCH 20.
Arch. Council
Assembly
Captialists Ball
Congress
Crease Dance
Debate
Engineering Council
French Play
Frosh Project
German Play
Girls Glee Club
Hillel Foundation
Interfraternity Council
Jr. Girls Play
Men's Council
Michigan League
Michigan Union
Military Ball
Odonto Ball
Pan-Hellenic
Perspectives
Senior Ball
Senate
Student Religious Ass'n
Technic
W.A.A.
College of Literature, Science and
the Arts, School of Music, and School
of Education: Students who received
marks of I or X at the close of their
last term of attendance (viz., semes-
ter of summer session) will receive a
grade of E in the course unless this
versity Women Fellowship, in honor'
of May Preston Slosson, is to be
awarded for 1941-42. Open to women
for graduate study. Application
blanks may be obtained at the Gradu-
ate School Office, and must be re-
turned to that Office, together with
letters of recommendations, before
March 24, 1941.
To residents of the Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania area: Through the gen-
erosity of the University of Michigan
Club of Pittsburgh, there is avail-
able for the year 1941-42 one schol-
arship providing free tuition in the
School of Business Administration for
a resident of the Pittsburgh area
who meets the qualifications for ad-
mission to the School. These qual-
ifications include either a bachelor's
degree (bachelor of arts or bachelor
of science) from a recognized insti-
tution and satisfactory preparation
in the principles of economics, or
satisfaction of requirements for ad-
mission under the Combined Curricu-
lum in Letters or Engineering and
Business Administration.
An application should consist of a
letter from the candidate, offering
at least two references accompanied
by an official transcript of the col-
lege record of the applicant. Ap-
plications should be directed to the
Dean of the School of Business Ad-
ministration, University of Michigan,
Ann Arbor. They will be received up
to June 1, and the award will be
made by June 10.
IAcademic Notices
Bacteriology Seminar on Monday,
March 17, at 8:00 p.m. in Room 1564
East Medical Building. Subject:
"Pathogenesis of Pneumonia." All
interested are invited.
Biological Chemistry Seminar will
be held Tuesday, March 18, at 7:30
p.m. in, Room 319, West Medical
Building. Subject: "The Biochem-
istry of Sulfanilamide and Related
Compounds." All interested are invit-
ed.
Doctoral Examination for Mr. Mar-
shall Burton Standing, Chemical En-
gineering, Thesis: "Vapor - Liquid
Equilibria of Natural Gas-Crude Oil
Systems;" Monday, March 17; at 2:00
p.m., in Room 3201 East Engineering
Building. Chairman, D. L. Katz.
ination will be held Thursday, March
20.
Concerts
Organ Recital: Wassily Besekir-
sky, Violinist, will assist Palmer
Christian, University Orangist, in an
Organ Recital at 4:15 p.m. Wednes-
day, March 19, in Hill Auditorium.
The program will be open to the
general public and will be based on
the works of English composers.
Exhibitions
Exhibitions: The following exhibi-
tions will be open at the hours stated
below in the Rackham Building:
Ceramics and Bronzes from Siam.
The Neville Collection.
Stelae from Kom Abu Billu. From
the University's excavation in Egypt.
Ancient Chinese Bronze Mirrors.
March 16, 2-5 p.m. March 17-21,
2-5 and 7-10 p.m. March 22, 2-5 p.m.
Modern Posters in Alumni Memorial
Hall afternoons, 2-5, through March
24, under the auspices of the Ann
Arbor Art Association and the Insti-
tute of Fine Arts.
Javanese and Balinese textiles from
the collection of Professor and Mrs.
Everett S. Brown are on exhibition
in the display cases, main floor cor-
ridor, Architecture Building, March
10-27.
Lectures
University Lecture: Ernesto Galar-
za, Chief of the Division of Labor
and Social Information, Pan-Ameri-
can Union, will lecture on the sub-
ject of "Economic and Social Effects
of- the War on Inter-American Re-
lations" under the auspices of the
University Committee on Defense
Issues at 4:15 p.m. on Monday, March
17, in the Rackham Amphitheatre.
The public is cordially invited.
University Lecture: George H. Sa-
bine, Professor of Philosophy, The
Sage School of Philosophy, Cornell
University, will lecture on the subject
of "Objectivity and Social Studies"
under the auspices of the Depart-
ment of Philosophy at 4:15 p.m. on
'riday, March 21, in the Rackham
Amphitheatre. The public is cordially
invited.