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January 08, 1939 - Image 1

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Publication:
The Michigan Daily, 1939-01-08

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Weather
Cloudiness today and tomorrow,
Slightly warmer tomorrow.

Y

£frt igan

I~aitii

Editorial

Germany's5
Fourth Front..t

VOL. XLIX. No. 75 Z-323 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SUNDAY, JAN. 8, 1939

PRICE FIVE CENTS

Olson Grants
Labor Leader
Tom Mooney
Full Freedom
Famous Prisoner Pledges
Life To Peaceful Pursuit
Of 'New Social Order'
Governor's Action
Ends 21-Year Term
SACRAMENTO, Calif., Jan. 7,- 4)M
-Thomas J. Mooney, Labor's long-
imprisoned symbol of "class persecu-
tion," went free today on a guberna-
torial pardon and dedicated the rest
of his life to the peaceful building of
"a new and better social order."
The pardon was unconditional, but
Olson asked Mooney, erstwhile fire-
brand among class cobscious work-
ers of a past generation, to urge the
people against plunging themselves
into "a futile and inhuman chaos of
bloodshed and revolution."
Although Mooney spoke smoothly
and with apparent calm, his voice
broke as he promised also to seek
freedom for his convicted colleague,
Warren K. Billings, who is in Folsom
Prison for life and at present tech-
nically ineligible for executive clem-
ency.
No One Objects
Officially the hearing was to give
opportunity for protests against the
Mooney pardon, to which Olson had
been committed.,
In the course of his address the
Governor said'he had received but
one protest-presumably that from
Ben F. Lamborn of Alameda; Calif.,
a brother of one of the bomb vic-
tims, who warned Olson the pardon
would "form the basis for an im-
peachment or recall action" against
the Chief Executive.
' Olson asked anyone with objec-
tions to "step forward and state to
me here and now the information he
desires to impart"
Many Hold;To.Mooney Guilt
For a full 30 seconds the Governor
stood "in silence, facing the audience
oau Ie i spoke. Abs it
were the prosecutors and State of-
ficials who fought and defeated
Mooney at every major turn in the
courts for more than 20 years.
"I am impressed," said te Gov-
ernor, "by the fact that many thou-
sands of Californians still believe
that Mooney is guilty. I am 'im-
pressed by the fact that his case has
been heard in one form or another
in all the courts. I am impressed
by the fact that five of my predeces-
sors have not pardoned him,
"As a lawyer, I can well under-
stand the reasoning of the courts in
(Continued on Page 2)
Education Meet
OipensSaturday
Conference Will Consider
Graduate Courses
A conference on curriculum prob-
lems, sponsored by the education
school, to be attended by superin-
tendents, principals and teachers
from southeastern Michigan, will be
held Saturday in Ann Arbor.
A feature of the conference will
be roundtable discussions of regu-
larly scheduled graduate courses. The
meetings will be open to students on
campus, according to Dean James

B. Edmonson of the Education School,
who is in charge of the committee
on arrangements.
Speakers in the conference will in-
clude Eugene Elliott, State Superin-
tendent of Public Instruction, and Dr.
Rudolph Lindquist, director of the
Cranbrook School.
Roundtable conferences will be
conducted by members of the faculty
of the Education School. A luncheon
for those attending the conference
will be held at 12:50 p.m. at the
Union. '
The conference is part of a State
plan of conferences in selected high-
er institutions in the state. Six of the
roundtables will be held between .9
a.m. and 11 a.m. on Saturday, and
eight will be held between 11 a.m. and
1 p.m.
Spanish War Vets
W.11 i e Feted Here
Robert Cummins, '37, and Elman
Service, '39, who have recently re-

Large Group Of FarmTenants'
Deemed Major Problem In U.S.'

Federal Purchase Of Land
And Long-Term Resale
Proposed As Solution
(Editor's Note: This is the third in
a series of articles in which the writer
will investigate the Mistory and nature
of the present problems confronting
American agriculture, and the various
proposals for their solution,)
By ELLIOTT MARANISS
The soil is a natural resource in'
which our total civilization has a
stake. Erosion of our soil has its coun-
terpart in erosion of our society. The
one wastes natural resources; the
other human resources. '
The most striking fact in regard to
this twin process of depletion is the
correlation between soil erosion and
farm tenant occupancy. The reasons
are obvious. Farm tenants, whose
occupancy is uncertain at best, and
ordinarily does not average more
than two years, cannot afford to plant.
anything but cash crops. A tenant
who expects to remain but a short
time on a farm has little incentive
to maintain and improve the wood-
lot, the house, barn, shed, or other
structures on the farm.
The magnitude of the farm ten-
ancy problem is startling. Half a cen-
tury ago one of every four farmers
was a tenant; today two of every
five are tenants. They operate land
and buildings valued at 11 billion
dollars.
Farm tenancy, however, as the
National Resources Committee stated
in its report to the President, is
the central, but not the only feature
of the problem of relationship to
the land. For the greater part of the
last century, security has become of
increasing concern to all American
farmers. Throughout American his-
tory the primary means of attain-
ing farm security has been farm home
ownership.tIn discussing farm secur-
ity, then, the firstmr fact to be noted
is the decline in the number of far-

mers who own their own property. In
some of our states, among them a
number settled under the Homestead
system little more than a generation
ago, it is estimated that the equity
of operating farmers in their lands
is little more than one-fifth.
Included in the list of farmers)
which the President's committee
characterized as insecure were ten-I
ants, croppers, farm laborers, families
on sub-marginal land, families on
holdings of inadequate size, owner
families hopelessly in debt and young
farm people unable to obtain farms.
These are conditions that have
been evolving for two centuries. They
cannot be expected to be alleviated
over-night; but the National Re-
sources Committee has made a start,
and the recommendations embodied
in that body's report are of great
importance. The committee's recom-
mendations include measures to facil-
itate farm home ownership and to
help existing owners keep their
farms; measures for the rehabilita-
tion of groups not now prepared to
take over their own farms; certain
suggestions for improving the condi-
tion of laborers; a program for aid-
ing families stranded on submargi-
nal land and taking such land out of
cultivation; and proposals for the
discouragement of speculation in farm
lands.
All of these approaches are neces-
sary, in the opinion of the commit-
tee, in attacking a problem of such
magnitude and difficulty.
The committee recommends a pro-
gram of land purchase by the Federal
government and disposition of the
land under long-term contracts of
sale to operating farmers. The pur-
pose of initial purchase by the gov-
ernment, the report states, would be
to put the nation in a position to
assert its right to discourage sub-
division of economic units, wastage
of natural resources, reckless specu-
SContinued on Page 3)

New Outbreak
Causes Slovak
Border Terror
Hungarian Police Wound
Three; Report Deaths
Of 40 Czechs In Fight
Prague Circles Deny
Taking Any Hostages

i

BUDAPEST, Jan. '7-P)-Hungari-
an gendarmes wounded three persons
in a crowd of Slovak sympathizers to-
day in the uneasy border situation
which precipitated a heavy conflict
between Czecho-Slovaks and Hunm-
garians yesterday atMunkacs.
Guns were silent in the Munkacs
region, but new, though unverified
Hungarian reports asserted 40 Czecho-
Slovaks and seven Hungarians died
in yesterday's battle and that Czecho-
Slovak forces took hostages with them
when they reatreated.
(Semi-official quarters in Prague
denied these reports. On Friday the
Czecho-Slovaks said only one per-
son was killed while Hungarians re-
ported the total at a dozen or more.)
Today's incident occ',rrMd in the
Hungarian village of Komaromcsehi,
northeast of Budapest and more than
200 miles by airline southwest of
Munkacs, with the gendarmes firing
five shots.
The shooting occurred as officers
were arresting , man on a charge of
insulting Admiral Nicholas Horthy,
Regent of Hungary, and the Hungari-
an authority.
The gendarmes reported that a
crowd of 150 persons, "excited by Slo-
vak agitation from across the border",
attacked them with sticks and stones
and that they shot in self-defense.
At Munkacs, a city of 30,000 in the
territory awarded Hungary from
Czecho-Slovakia Nov. 2 by Italo-Ger.-
man mediators in a post-Munich ter-
ritorial settlement, there was no re-
sumption of hostilities even though
the truce arranged yesterday by mili-
tary authorities ended at 1 p.m.
A mixed commission established to
fix responsio ity.for yesterdays con-
flict, in which Munkacs was shelled,
met for an hour without reaching any
conclusions.
Hungarians reported their own in-
quiry established that 1,000 Czecho-
Slovak soldiers took part in the attack
which they charged was planned by a
former Czecho-Slovak military com-
mander of the city.
They asserted he chose yesterday
as the occasion for the assault be-
cause he wished to make his country,
a 'Christmas present" of the city.

.:

(N

Chemist Hurt I
SInLaboratory'
Explosion Here
Dr, Eugene Icetur Suffers
Severe Injury To Hand
During Experimentation
Dr. Eugene Icetur, National Re-
search Fellow in chemistry, sufferedt
severe injury to his right hand yester-t
day when some hydrazoic acid ex-l
ploded in his laboratory in the Chem-
istry Building. Dr. Icetur had been
doing experimental work here since
Oct. 1 on the structure of the mole- t
cule.-
Continuing his study begun at the
California Institute of Technologyi
where he received his degree, Dr. Ice-I
ture has been using the infra-red
spectroscopic method of determining
the structure of a molecule. Undert
this method a beam of light is passedz
through the cells of various gases and1
liquids, and the changes that take
place in their spectrums are noted.t
During the past three months Dr.
Icetur has experimented several times
with hydrazoic acid without unto-
ward results.'
According to Dr. Albert C. Kerli-
kowske, assistant medical director of
University hospital, it will be several
weeks before the success of the opera-
tion can be determined.
Dr. Icetur, a member of the,
Apostles' Club, lives at 1015 Church
St.
i e
Valen1tino Film
To Play Today
Second Art Cinema Series1
Will Begin Jan. 22
Rudolph Valentino in the "Four'
Horsemen of the Apocalypse" which
is to be shown at 3:15 p.m. and 8:15
p.m. today at the Lydia Mendelssohn
theatre is the last film in part one
of the current Art Cinema series.
Part two of the series begins Jan.
1 22 with a showing of Van Stroheim's
"Greed." In this series will be four
shows illustrating the post-war
American film. Season tickets priced7
at 75 cents for both matinee and
evening performances are available,
at the Michigan League.
Other films to be shown are a series,
of Buster Keaton comedies, "The Love.
Parade" with Maurice Chevalier and

.apt. Tomkins
To Give Travel
Talk Thursday
Address To Be Illustrated
By Documents And Film
Taken On Horn Voyage'
Capt, Warwick M. Tomkins, the last
man to conduct a boat by sail around
Cape Horn, will give an illustrated
talk here Thursday, in the fourth
lecture of the Oratorical Association
Series. ,
On her 1936-37 voyage, Captain
Tomkins' ship "Wander Bird" sailed
from Gloucester, Mass. to San Fran-
cisco by way of the Azores, Morocco
and Rio de Janeiro. Half the film he
is bringing here is devoted to the
beauties of the many exotic cities
visited on the trip.
Three major stops were made on
the 20,000 mile sea voyage, and docu-
menary film material of exceptional
value secured. In the Azores, pictures
arg shown of the farms, the peasants,
th& windmills and the costumes.

Piano Virtuoso
Hofmann Gives
Program Here
Polish Pianist Has Made
Appearances In Public
For 55 Years
After 55 years of concert piano pre-
sentations, Josef Hofmann, who ap-
pears here Tuesday in the fifth Chor-
al Union program of the year, has
come to the conclusion that he "likes
to play the piano."
The 60-year-old Polish virtuoso,
who gave his first concert in Warsaw
at the age of five, has long been
ranked with Rachmaninoff and Pad-
erewski as one of the world's finest
pianists.
To honor his long and amazing
career, last year was celebrated as
Hofmann's Golden Jubilee year. As a
fitting gesture, Mr. Hofmann made a
special tour, giving 50 nation-wide
concerts.
For his program here, Mr. Hofmann
will present: "Harmonibus Black-
smith" by Handel; Scarlatti's "Pas-
torale e Cappriccio;" "Sonata quasi
una Fantasia, Op. 27, No. 2" by Bee-
thoven; Chopin's "Fantasia Im-
promptu in C-sharp Minor, Op. 66,"
"Valse in A-flat maor, Op. 64, No, 3;"
"Nocturne in B major, Op. 62, No..1;"
Schumann's "Carnival, Op. 9;" "Wal-
destrauschen," "Liebestraum in A-
flat major," and "Mephisto Valse,"
by Liszt.
Dr. W. H. Judd
To Speak Here
On Far East
Sino-Japanese War To Be
Discussed Wednesday;
Sponsored By Blakeman
"The Significance of the Present
Struggle in the Far East" is the topic
o: a talk to be given at 4:15 p.m.
Wednesday in the Union Ballroom
by Dr. Walter H. Judd, who has re-
cently returned from China.
Dr. Judd was the head of The Mis-I
sion Hospital in Fenchow, Shansi
province and was in the war zone
during the capture of Fenchow and
remained there until the Japanese
took over his hospital.
Dr. Judd will also speak to the
students of the Medical School at 10
a.m. on the "Country Doctor in
China" and to the Ann Arbor Rotary
Club at a noon luncheon meeting in
the Union, on the subject "The Back
ground of the Struggle in China."
Dr. Edward Blakeman, Counselor
of Religious Education, is sponsoring
the lecture. Assisting him is a com-
mittee of students including: Jean
Holland, '39Ed, president of the
League; Betty Jane Mansfield, '39,
president of Assembly; Sibyl Swart-'
out, '39, president of the Women's
Judiciary Council; Marcia Connell,
'39, president of orientation; Steph-
anie Parfet, '39, president of Panhel-
lenic Association; Paul Brickley, '39,
president of the Union; Robert Hart-
well '39BAd., president of Congress;
Robert Mitchell, '39BAd., managing
editor of the Daily; Horace W. Gil-
more, '39, city editor of the Daily;
and Robert Reid, '39E, president of
Interfraternity Council..
Beal Announces
He Will Retire

Junius Es Beal, for 31 years a Re-
gent of the University, revealed yes-
terday that he would not seek re-
election at the April general election.
He will retire from office Dec. 31,
1939.
Regent Beal, an Ann Arbor man,
first won election to the Board in
1907 and was re-elected in 1915,
1923 and 1931. He is the oldest mem-
ber of the board in the number of
years served.
Now 79 years old, Regent Beal
participated in the election of four
Presidents of the University, helping
to select Harry B. Hutchins in 1910,
Marion L. Burton in 1920, Clarence
Cook Little in 1925 and Alexander G.
Ruthven in 1929.
ASU To Meet Tomorrow
To Discuss Convention
The American Student Union will
meet at 8 p.m. tomorrow in the Union
to discuss the national convention

Varsity Five Drops
Conference Opener

To

Stars In Nets

Illinois, 30-20

'SPIKE' JAMES
* * *
Varsity Sextet
Tops Port Dover
Here Easily, 6-2,
Michigan Trounces Highly
Touted Canadian Squad;
Cooke Scores 3 Times
By EARL R. GILMAN
Michigan's undefeated h o c k e y
team trounced a supposedly superior
Port Dover, Ontario hockey club last'
night 6-2 on Cofiseum ice before a
capacity crowd.
Port Dover, which was touted as
one of the better Canadian ice teams,
due to its getting into the Inter-
mediate Hockey Playoff's quarter-
finals last year, started off like it
meant business by scoring first. After
that brief flash, Michigan took over.
Ilillberg Scores
George Cooke, varsity wing, stole
the show in the second period when
he scored three goals, two unassisted
Capt. Les Hillberg, a defense man.
spent almost as much time in Port
Dover's territory as he did in Michi-
gan's. He scored a goal in the third
period unassisted and showed Minne-
sota's Mariucci had better wear all
of his pads when he comes down here.
Michigan's other two goals came in
the first period from the stick of
Evie Doran, who went through Port
Dover's entire team like quick silver.
Port Dover's scoring resulted from
the first surge when Karges pushed
the puck past Spike James out of a
free-for-all in front of the nets in
the first period; and in the. third
period, when Hallam, unassisted,
out-maneuvered the lanky Michigan
goalie.
Poor Body-Checking
Michigan showed a lack of polish,
however, in one important depart-
ment. While the Wolverines were
ready to mix it at all times and
dergonstrated plenty: of intestinal
fortitude, the team was sadly lacking
on good checking. Stodden' gave a
good illustration of back-checking in
the first period and Calvert and Hill-
berg were in there at all times, stop-
ping Port Dover's thrusts, but Michi-
gan showed it would need a little more
practice before Minnesota's hard-
checking squad comes down here later
in the- month. Calvert lost two teeth
in the second period.,
Michigan's thrusts were stymied at
(Continued on Page 7)
Campaign To Aid
Chinese Students
Will Begin Here

'Pick' Dehner High Scorer
With 10 Points; Thomas
And Beebe Score Six
Jim Rae's Injury
Handicaps Team
CHAMPAIGN, Ill., Jan. 7--(Special
to The Daily)-Crippled by injuries
to their three key men, Michigan's
basketball team dropped their Wes-
tern Conference opener here tonight
to an alert, Illinois five 30 to 20.
With their star center, lanky Jim
Rae, severely hampered by a lame
back and Capt. Leo Beebe and Dan
Smick also ailing, the Wolverines
never had a chance against the speedy
forces of Coach Douglas Mills.
Rae, assigned to guard the ever
iangerous Lewis "Pick" Dehner, the
llini's "whirlwind dervish," had to
be removed after 15 minutes of the
first period, and his loss left Michi-
,an offensively and defensively sty-
ied for the remainder of the game.
Dehner fCores 10
Big Dehner, pivoting beautifully
crom his front line position, hit four
'imes from the field and twice from
,he foul line to lead the scorers with
10 points. Bill Hapac with three bas-
'ets and two fouls followed with
eight points while Beebe and Ed
Thomas captured scoring honors for
ahe visitors with six points apiece.
At no time during the game was
Michigan in the lead, and only once,
after four minutes of play, were they
m even terms with the homecrew.,
Opening baskets by Hapac and Jay
Wardley were followed by two suc-
,essful tosses by Beebe and Smick to
knot the score at four points. From
then on, it was Illinois' ball game.
Rae And Smick Stymied
Playing a tight man-to-man de-
°ense, the winners clogged up Michi-
tan's front line holding Rae and
Smick to a combined total of four
points. Rae, who whipped in 12 points
'ere last year, was so badly crippled
'hat he never could cope with his
aggressive adversaries.
Illinois led at the half 14 to 7 and
continued to hold a comfortable lead
;hroughout the second period. The
;losest Michigan came in the final
stanza was 21 to 13 after 11 minutes
'aad elapsed.
Michigan's front line weakness was
dlearly evidenced by the Illini's vast
ebound superiority, the Wolverines
failing on innumerable occasions to
rapture the ball off their own back-
board. The' forces of Coach Bennie
Oosterbaan failed yrepeatedly to hit
from the back court, and that, com-
(Continued on Page 7)
Senate To Quiz
Dr. Frankfurter

Sen.

Brown Considers
Judicial Candidates

DETROIT, Jan. 7.-(IP)-Senator
Prentiss M. Brown, (Dem., Mich.),
indicated here today that he hoped
to be able to send the nomination of
a new Federal Judge for the Eastern
Michigan District Court to Presi-
dent Roosevelt Tuesday and that the
appointment would be made public
in Washington.

Reich Unappeased By Munich,
Pollock States; Poland Next Goal

Germany's aggressive foreign pol-I
icy, spurred by avowed aims of ter-1
ritorial aggrandizement and racial
unity, will likely manifest itself in a 1
new "drive to the East" in the neary
future in the opinion of Prof. JamesI
K. Pollock of the political scien, e de-
partment.
Strengthened but economically un-
appeased by the spoils of Munich and
the annexation of Austria, Germany's
next move will probably be directedI
at Poland, with Danzig, "already
thoroughly Nazified," and the Polish
Corridor as the immediate objec-:
tives, Professor Pollock declared. The'
ultimate goal, however, will be the
rich wheat fields and mines of the
Ukraine-a vast granary to feed
Germany's expanding population and
replenish her meager supplies of raw
materials.
The motive underlying Germany's
aggressive foreign policy is largely an
economic one, Professor Pollock
maintains. Stripped of its idealogical
associations, the cry for territorial ex-
pansion is largely a "tool for propa-
ganda" with the end the acquisition
of new territory to absorb and feed a
surplus population and to furnish the
coal oil, metals and chemicals which
a machine economy demands, and
which Germany lacks.

while a preliminary end in the sense
that it intensifies the unity of pur-
pose upon which the Nazi state re-
lies for much of its effectiveness, is
primarily another propaganda tool,1
Professor Pollock feels.
Yet the role which these twin tools
of propaganda play in promoting
Germany's drive for economic self-t
sufficiency has intensified her need
for such a policy, Professor Pollock
pointed out. The defense mechanism,
which territorial threats and perse-
cution of Jews have aroused in non-j
Fascist nations, the resulting unof-
ficial boycotts and restriction of world
markets, have strangled her export
trade and hence her capacity to ex-
change her surplus products for vital
commodities. Her attempt to de-
velop synthetic products has not been
notably successful in making up for
these commodities.
A move toward the Ukraine through
Poland would probably involve Ger-
many in a war against Poland and'
Russia, Professor Pollock pointed out,
Poland's recent agreement with Rus-
sia is significant, yet it is not at all
certain that England and France
would come to the latter's aid, he said,
for he doubts whether these two na-
tions will be strong enough in the fu-
ture to challenge Greater Germany.

Conymittee. Will Conduct
fearingTuesday
WASHINGTON, Jan. 7.-QP)-Felix
Frankfurter was asked today to tell
a Senate Committee next Tuesday
about his qualifications to be an As-
sociate Justice of the Supreme Court.
The Senate group--a subcommit-
tee of the Judiciary Committee-vot-
ed for a hearing on Frankfurter's
nomination to the court after receiv-
ing a half dozen requests that one
be held:
Senator King, (Dem., Utah), a
subcommittee member, told the group
"This is a democracy, and anyone
who wishes to be heard should be
given the right to testify."
The liberal Harvard law professor
,was given his choice of appearing in
person or sending his counsel. Some
committee members said privately
they hoped he would come because
they wished to ascertain his views to-
ward President Roosevelt's Court Re-
organization Bill.

An extensive drive to raise funds
for the relief of Chinese refugee stu-
dents to be undertaken by the United
Committee to Aid China will begin
Wednesday night at the First Baptist
Church with the showing of a motion.
picture depicting the Japanese inva-
sion of China.
The drive is being undertaken in
cooperation with the Far Eastern
Student Service Fund which has been
sending money to China to supply
students basic necessities with which
to continue their education. Since
the bombing of some 36 colleges and
universities, students have walked
1,000 miles across mountains to at-
tend universities inland.

I

Debaters Will Hold
Tryouts Wednesday

1

All men interested in trying out
for the varsity men's debate team
are asked to meet at 4 p.m. Wbdnes-
day in Room 4203 Angell Hall, Arthur
Secord, debate coach announced.

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