100%

Scanned image of the page. Keyboard directions: use + to zoom in, - to zoom out, arrow keys to pan inside the viewer.

Page Options

Download this Issue

Share

Something wrong?

Something wrong with this page? Report problem.

Rights / Permissions

This collection, digitized in collaboration with the Michigan Daily and the Board for Student Publications, contains materials that are protected by copyright law. Access to these materials is provided for non-profit educational and research purposes. If you use an item from this collection, it is your responsibility to consider the work's copyright status and obtain any required permission.

October 08, 1926 - Image 1

Resource type:
Text
Publication:
The Michigan Daily, 1926-10-08

Disclaimer: Computer generated plain text may have errors. Read more about this.

I

ESTABLISHED
1890

4Jt

att,

MEMBER
ASSOCIATED
PRESS

VOL. XXXVII. No. 10

EIGHT PAGES

ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 8, 1926

EIGHT PAGES

PRICE FIVE CENTS

___________________________________________________________________________' -

- I I

DLEGA TES R EFUSE
ARB IT RAL TRIBUNAL
FOR MINE STRIKES
CONSERVATIVES TAKE STEPS
TO PREVENT. FUTURE
WALK-OUTS
URGE CHANGE IN LAWS
Delegates To Miner's Federation Vote
Favoring Withdrawal Of
Safety Men
(By Associated Press)
London, Oct. 7.-The delegates' con-
ference of the Miners' Federation, by
an overwhelming majority, today re-
jected the government's offer to cre-
ate a national arbitral tribunal for
the settlement of the differences be-
tween miners and mine owners, and
by an equally large majority voted
in favor of the withdrawal of the safe-
ty men from the mines.
Thus the government passes out of
the dispute, temporarily, at least, and
the owners and the men are left to
settle the controversy between them-
selves.
The delegates conference adopted a
resolution rejecting the government
proposal for a settlement of the strike
after the announcement of a district
vote, which opposed the proposed 737,-
000 to 42,000.
The South Wales resolution to
withdraw the safety men was adopt-
ed by the delegates 594,000 to 194,000.
Miners Were Warned
The government had already made
it plain that unless its offer was ac-
cepted by the miners, it would be
withdrawn immediately. f The prin-
cipal feature of the offer was govern-
mental assurance that if the miners
returned to work they would be ac-
corded governmental assistance in ob-
taining a nation-wide agreement,
which is one of the important de-
Inands of the miners.
The decision of the miners was
taken in the face of practical exhaus-
tion of their resources. In addition,
their position is daily becoming weak-
er by a slow drift of the miners back
to work. Withdrawal of the safety
men, if put into effect, is considered
likely to cause serious trouble, not
only in the mines, but between the
stikers and those desiring to return
to their labors.
Scarborough, Eng., Oct. 7.-The
Conservative party conference here
today took steps which would make it
difficult for workers to resort to the
weapon of a strike and next to impos-
sible to have a repetition of the re-
cent general strike.
The resolutions urge a change in
the trades union law, making illegal
any strike without a previous secret
ballot of the members of the union af-
fected, and also making mass picket-
ing and the picketing of private houses
illegal..
Seek More Vigor
The tone of the conference was in-
dicated by the remark of one delegate:
"We want our prime minister to have
ju'st a little more of the lion and a
we bit less of the lamb."
This was an allusion to the fact
that Premier Baldwin constantly has
parried attempts to force his govern-
ment into dealing drastically with
trade union powers, which he regards
as a thorny subject. The action of
the Conservative party today is aimed
at stirring the government into broad-
er activities. However, the movement
Is considered not likely to succeed,
for the government is aware of the
extreme difficulty of making illegal a
strike without a secret ballot.
Sir Leslie Scott, a former solicitor
general, speaking at thetmeeting to-
day, while advocating strong legisla-
tion against strikes intending to hold
up the country and dictate to the gov-

ernment, at the same time admitted
that there were many practical dif-
ficulties in the way of the secret bal-
lot idea. Today's conference, how-
ever, undoubtedly will strengthen theI
govrnnment's hand in introducing!
some sort of legislation for moderate-
ly curtailing the power of trades un-
ions.
CANADIAN LIQUOR
LAWS CONDEMNED
(By Associated Press)
Washington, Oct. 7.-Describing the
system of government control of liq-
uor in Canada as a failure, the board
of temperance, prohibition and public
morals of the Methodist church as-
serts in a statement made public to-
day that even "the half-chance pro-
hibition" in the U. S. has produced
far better results.
Because of the recurring suggesticm
that the so-called Quebec system of
government liquor control be sub-
stituted for prohibition in this coun-

Michigan Line Coach Sees Little Harm
In Scouting System Used In Conference

In commenting on the abolition of
football scouting which has caused
considerable furore among the football
of the East, Elton E. Wieman, assist-
ant director of intercollegiate ath-
letics, and head line coach of the}
Michigan football teams, intimated
that he saw little need for abolishing
scouts in the Western intercollegiate
conference.
"For the most part the spectators do
not understand the system of scouting
as used here in the Conference,"
Coach Wieman said. "There is noth-
ing secret or underhanded about
scouting, as some persons believe. In
the Big Ten, the coaches expect scouts
at their games and send tickets to the
various schools who request them.
Scouts are treated much like visiting
professors, and everything is open and
above board."
In answer to the question of wheth-
er or not scouting was greatly over-
done, Coach Wieman replied, "There
is no doubt that scouting is decidedly

overdone in some places, but I do not
believe this is true in the Conference.
There is a mutual understanding that
no more than two scouts from school
shall see an opponent in action, and at
the last meeting of the Conference
the faculty representatives asked the
directors to consider limiting scouts
to one man."
"Furthermore," Coach Wieman con-
tinued, "without recognized scouts we
would be bothered with self-appointeda
scouts. Alumni and friends of the
University would scout games unof-
ficially and send in their reports. It
is obvious that we would not foster
any such practice."
Coach Wieman holds the opinion
that teams could play just as good
football without scouting. "As for
Michigan, we could play the same
brand of football without scouting, but
to reiterate, scouting has done much
to build up a strong bond of good
sportsmanship between the universi-
ties and I see no need for abolition of
the system in the Big Ten."

- I

FITCH* TO TALK AT'
FIRST CONVOCATIONi
Will Remain Until Monday In Order
To Discuss Philosophic Matters
With students
SPOKE HERELAST YEAR
"Failures That Succeed and Suc-
cesses That Fail" is the subject of the
address which will be delivered by Dr.
Albert Parker Fitch, of Carleton col-
lege, Sunday morning in Hill auditor-
ium as the opening of the fall series
of Sunday convocations. Dr. Fitch
spoke in Ann Arbor at one of the first
convocations held last May. He is
professor of the philosophy of reli-
gion at Carleton college, Northfield,
Minn., and a well known speaker on
various religious topics.
Dr. Fitch will arrive in Ann Arbor
tomorrow night and will register at
the Union at once. He is particularly
anxious to meet as many Michigan
students as possible during his visit'
here this week-end, and for that pur-
pose will remain in Ann Arbor until
Monday.aThe Carleton professor will
be available any time Sunday evening
and Monday morning at the Union,
and will be ready to discuss any sub-1
jects with students, especially on mat-
ters pertaining to religion and its
philosophy.
The five Sunday convocations this
fall under the direction of the Student
council, Women's league, and School
of Religion, will compose the second
series given particularly for students
in the University. The convocations
were inaugurated last spring by the1
Student council and Women's league
as a result of the suggestion made
at one of the informal gatherings of
representative students at the home
of President Clarence Cook Little.,
The purpose of the convocations is to}
provide liberal non-sectarian Sunday
morning services for students who do
not attend church regularly while in
Ann Arbor. Members of churches in
the city are again welcome to attend
the convocations although no attempt
is made to interfere with the attend-
ance of local churches.

DISCUSSION GROUPS1
TO BEINSTALLED
Freshmen Will Be Addressed By Dean
Bursley and Menefee
Tonight
150 WILL ATTEND
More than 150 members of the fresh-
man class will meet at 7 o'clock to-
night at Lane hall for the purpose of
installation of fall discussion groups.
Dean Bursley, and Professor Menefee
of the engineering department will
speak.
The arrangements for the banquet
are being made by members of the 1
freshman class who attended the
Freshman Rendezous at Lake Patter-
son in September. Tickets are being
sold by these men and at Lane hall.
The number of tickets has been lim-
ited in order that only those who awe
interested in the affairs of their class
may be admitted.
The speakers will talk on subjects
that will furnish material for the dis-
cussion groups to follow through the
fall and winter. Last year President
ClarencekCook Little was the princi-
pal speaker.
It is hoped that all those who are
interested in the affairstofstheir class
will attend this banquet. It will not
only give information on the fall dis-
cussion groups, and serve to stimulate
good fellowship among the members
of the class of '30, but also will give
them an opportunity to meet the memn-
hers of the faculty who will speak.
BISHOP ELECTED
MEDICAL LEADER
Harry M. Bishop was chosen presi-
dent of the senior medical class at the
election of senior class officers of thatj
school Wednesday. The other officers
elected were as follows: Albert Mey-
ers, vice-president; Selma Muller, sec-
retary, and Robert Southcombe, treas-
urer.

SOGiAL PROBLE
BY0STATELEADRS
NOTEA WELFARE SPECIALISTS
TELL OF WORK IN OTHER
STATFS
DR. HAYNES PRESIDES
Dean Bates Of Law School To Preside
Over Closing Sessions Of
Convention Today
Discussions of hospital work, negro
welfare, and the problems of rural
and urban social workers marked the
second day's session of the Michigan
State Conference of Social Work held
at the Union yesterday.
Dr. H. A. Haynes, director of the
University hospital, presiding at the
morning session, introduced Dr. Ellen
C. Potter, secretary of welfare in
Pennsylvania, who told of the organ-
ization and development of public
welfare work in that state. Francis R.
Lowell, of the Michigan Children's
Aid Society of Detroit, led a discus-
sion group considering the means of
co-ordination of public officials.
Judge Frank L. Covert, of the sixth
judicial circuit of Michigan, spoke of
the work of the Oakland County wel-
fare board and a discussion of state
owned institutions was led by Dr. R.
11. Haskell, director of Wayne County
training school.
At a luncheon of the Michigan As-
sociation of oHspital Social Workers
Mrs C. W. Webb, president of the as-
sociation, spoke of the hospital so~al
worker in her varied relat nships
and urged closer contact th the
medical staff of the hospitals. Prof.
Arthur Evans Wood, member of the
department of sociology of the Uni-
versity, spoke at another luncheon for
socialogy teachers and students.
Editor Speaks
The afternoon meetings were de-
voted to the consideration of the social
worker among the negroes. Charles S.
Johnson, editor of "Opportunity," a
publication for negroes, described the
interstate migration of negroes, refer-
ing in particular to Michigan, and the
problem of the negro in Detroit. Mr.
Johnson also addressed a meeting of
the Negro-Caucasion club last night
in Lane l.ll.
Miss S. P. Breckenridge, professor
of social economy, graduate school of
social service administration at the
University of Chicago, discussed co-
ordination of social work in the city.
"Ultimate success of social work de-
pends upon the education and prepar-
ation of the worker," claimed Prof.
Breckenridge. "The worker must be
truthful, and there must be co-opera-
tion between the work of social agen-
cies ,schools and colleges for social
workers. We must examine our own
records and correct our faults before
we can do real work."
A careful study of the situation of
the social worker in the rural com-
munity as a means toward consolida-
tion of schools and churches was urg-
ed by Prof. Eben Mumford, of the
department of sociology, Michigan
State college, referring to the task of
the "rurban," or village-countryside
group, in the last address of the day's
meeting.
Meeting To Divide
The meetings this morning will be
divided into two groups for discus-
sion. At one, Miss Ella M. Weinfur-
ther, assistant field director for the
American Association for Organizing
Family Social Work, will preside, in
the place of Professor Breckenridge,
as was formerly announced, and Pro-
fessor Mumford will direct the see-
ond group in the place of Prof. C. R.
Hoffer, also of Michigan State college,
Persons of prominence in both rural

and urban social work will assist the
'leaders of the two groups in the dis-
cussions.
The last meeting of the conference
will be held at 2:1 5, in the Union as-
sembly hall. Dean Henry M. Pates,
of the Law school, will be thepresid-
ing officer. "Probation in Michigan"
will be the topic on which Francis IT.
IMiller, field secretary for the National
Probationassociation, will speak and
Mr. Shirley Stewart, attorney from
Port Huron, will close the convention
with an outline of the program of the
Michigan State Commission of Inquiry
into criminal procedure.
Armistice Coach To
Tn .uI _1_fl4 * 1

London Lord Bishop
Will Be Honored At
Informal Gathering
Plans for the student-faculty mixer
to be held Monday, at 8 o'clock, at the
Union, in honor of the Rt. Rev, Ar-
thur Foley Winnington-Ingram, Lord
Bishop of London, who is visiting
'American and Canadian universities,
include a program of speeches, fol-
lowed by refreshments and an infor-
mal gathering.
The chief event of the mixer will
be an address by the Bihop. Other
speakers will include a prominent
member of the faculty, to be an-
nounced tomorrow, and possibly one
or two students on the reception com-
mittee.
Prof. Herbert C. Sadler, is chair-
man of the function, and the program
will be arranged in cooperation with
the reception department of the Un-
ion. A large gathering i expected at
the meeting, which will be open to all
members of the University, both men'
and women.
Rockford Acclaims
Former Students In
Initial Appearance
Playing to a capacity house, thec
Rockford Players headed by Robert
Henderson '26 and Amy Loomis '22f
opened in Edwin Mayer's "The Fire-_
brand" Wednesday night in the Rock-
ford theater, Rockford, Ill. The play,
Iccording to a telegram received late
Wednesday night, was greeted as ae
tremendous success and was given af
considerable ovation. f
Five of the members of the coin-
pany were at one time students in thef
University. Both Miss Loomis andF
Mr. Henderson are well knownt
through their dramatic activities oft
last year in "Great Catherine" by
George Bernard Shaw and in Hol-c
berg's "Beggarman". Dale Shafer '26t
was also prominent in dramatics last
year and Camille Masline and Frances
Horine were with the Ann Arborf
Players this summer.
Both "The Firebrand" and "Ex-c
pressing Willie", another productione
of the company, will be presented in
Ann Arbor during the year by theI
Alumnae council for the benefit ofq
the Women's League building fund.1
Expect Best CrowdJ
Of Years To Attend'
Tomorrow's Conflict
It was announced yesterday by Har-
ry Tillotson, business manager of the
Athletic association, that $4 box seats
may still be obtained for all home
games. Tickets may be purchased at
the Administration building.
More than 25,000 seats for the Michi-
gan State game have already been dis-
posed of, and it is expected that a,
crowd of more than 35,000 persons will
attend the game. If this number at-,
tend, it will be the largest crowd ever
to witness a Michigan State game.-
Manufacturers Give
Child Labor Figures
(By Associated Press) I
NEW YORK, Oct. 7.-Prohibitory I
child labor laws do not cause a pro-'
portionate increase in school attend-
ance, Howell Cheney, chairman of
the committee on junior education and
employment of the National Associa-
tion of Manufacturers reported to the
convention of that organization today.

Most children, he added, do not profit
by remaining in school after they are
fourteen.
The contention that more children
leave school because of mental ina-
bility than because of poverty or other
economic conditions, was made by
Mr. Cheney. Asserting that child labor
in general is on the decrease, he
qbloted figures to show that in the
Southern states, as a rule, the pro-
portion of children employed in manu-
facturing and mechanical pursuits is
somewhat less than the average of
the Northern states, particularly those
that are engaged in textile occupa-
tions.
Seventy-two per cent of the child-s
ren employed in textile industries, hel
said, are employed in five states-
Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, North

CHEERING SECTION SEATS
AVAILABLE FOR M. S. C.
IhStudentsnwho have enrolled in
the cheering section by regis-
tering at the Union this week
may obtain seats in the new
bloc for tomorrow's game by ex-
changing their present M. S.' C.
tickets at the offices of the Ath-
letic association for a few which
are being held in the cheering
section. Those who registered
in the section before this week
have already been mailed seats
in the bloc for the M. S. C. game.
No student will be admitted
to the new cheering section to-
morrow without his uniform.

it

SENIOR ELECTIONS
'SCHEDULES MADE
Junior Elections, Including J-Hop
Selections, To Be Held In
Two Weeks
STRICT RULES STATED,
Election of officers in all senior
classes in the University, with the
exception of the Law school and the
Medical school will be held next week.
The schedules for all of the senior
elections were announced last night.
Senior class officers in the Medical
school were elected Wednesday, while
those in the Law school will not be
held until week after next.
Student council representatives will
conduct each of the elections. All
doors leading to the room where the
election is to be held will be locked
five minutes after the hour scheduled
for the election and no persons will
be admitted thereafter. Any student
found in a room where he is not eli-
gible to vote' will be subjected to ac-
tion of the council discipline commit-
tee.
Election of officers in all junior
classes will be held week after next
together with the election of the J-
Hop committee.
The schedule of elections in the sen-
for classes next week follows:
Literary school-Wednesday at 4
o'clock, Natural Science auditorium;
engineering school, Tuesday CfI 11
o'clock, room 348 Engineering build-
ing; architectural school, Monday at
4:30 o'clock, room 311 Engineering
building; dental school, Thursday .at
5 o'clock, room 221 Dental building;
pharmacy school, Thursday at 5
o'clock, room 303 Chemistry building;
educational school, Wednesday at 3
o'clock, room 206 Tappan hall; busi-
ness administration school, Wednes-
day at 4 o'clock, rowm 207 Tappan
hall.
HARVARD SIGNS
PRINCETON FOR
1927_CONTEST
(By Associated Presss)
NEW HAVEN, Conn., Oct. 7.-Har-
vard and Princeton will face each
other on the football field in 1927, it
was announced today. This was
agreed on at a conference here last
night attended by chairmen of ath-
letics of Yale, Harvard and Princeton.
It was mutually agreed, the an-
nouncement said, that the proposal of
Harvard to drop Princeton from her
1927 football schedule and substitute
the University of Michigan was
counter to the understanding and
{practice of the "Triple Alliance," and
on the suggestion of Harvard it had
accordingly been withdrawn.
The three universities were repre-
sented at the conference by Prof.
George H. Nettleton, chairman of the
hoard of control of the Yale AthleticI
association, William J. Bingham, di-
rector of athletics at Harvard, and
Chatles W. Kennedy, chairman of the
specialty committee on athletics at
Princeton.
The new accord is looked upon as a
distinct move in binding the "Big
Three" together more closely and
comes at a time when conditions be-
tween Harvardand Princeton were
said to be near the breaking point.
It is the first official recognition of
Princeton by Harvard as meriting
special consideration in athletic
agreements, it was pointed out here
tonight. In the past Harvard has
maintained that the Yalegamye was
the only fixed contest on her football
schedule and that Princeton along
with the other six teams, was engaged
from year to year." Harvard players
have been awarded no Insignia for
playing against Princeton.

CRITICS AID BIBLE,
SA YS LORD BISHOP
(By Associated Press)
MADISON, Wiss., Oct. 7.-Modern

DEBT SETTLEMENT
MAY BE RATIFIED
OVER SOCIALS
EXPECT TO INCORPORATE
RESERVATIONS IN
PREAMBLE
FRANC SHOWS STRENGTH
French Expect Majority of Almost
100 Votes in Favor of
Ratification
(By Associated Press)
Paris,tOct. 7.-Prospects of ratifica-
tion of the Washington debt settle-
ment have so increased during the
past few days that talk in the lobbies
of the Chamber of Deputies now is
turning on itsrprobable majority.
The strength of the French franc in
the past two days is attributed to a
change in attitude towards the Mel-
lon-Berenger agreement and Parlia-
mentary prophets now figure on 350
votes in the chamber for ratification
with reservations in the preamble,
This would give a clear majority ap-
proaching 100 in favor of the agree-
ment.
The Socialists will present a motion
to send the accord back to the gov-
ernment with instructions to reopen
negotiations with the United States,
but it is thought that this motion will
not be able to muster more than 150
to 200 votes.
According to the present govern-
ment program, the reservations which
will be incorporated in the preamble
will cover two points: a guarantee
against payment in excess of French
capacity, and suspension of payment
if it should become impossible with-
out French exchange.
Criticize Preamble
There is some objection to the plan
to express these reservations in the
form presented in a sample preamble,
since it is pointed out by opponents
of ratification that thus offered they
would not be binding on the United
States and, would not be operative as
far as the Washington agreement is
concerned. The government eory is
that, however expressed, the reserva-
tions serve the purpose of laying
down the principle that France can-
not be expected to undertake impos-
sibilities.
The government, it is understood,
will oppose any attempt to delay rati-
fication in an effort to reopen nego-
tiations or to introduce reservations
in such a way that the agreement can-
not stand as signed at Washington.
Premier Poincare's hand has been
greatly strengthened by the fact that
the mere announcement of the cabinet
determination to pusli ratification was
followed by a rise on the exchange of
one franc to the dollar.
YOST TALKS TO
HILLEL SMOKER
400 Jewish Students Attend Affair
Given By NeW Organization
Cooperation on th part of Jewish
students of the University with offi-
cials in achieving the aims and ' pur-
poses of the branch of the B'nai
B'rith Hillel foundation recently estab-
lished in Ann Arbor was the keynote
of the first smoker given by the or-
ganization in iMasonic auditorium last
night. More than 400 Jewish students
attended the affair.
Rabbi Benjamin Frankel, national
director of the Hillel foundation and
active head of the chapter at the Uni-
versity of Illinois, was unexpectedly
present and addressed the students
briefly.
Greater interest in outside acti'ities
was emphasized by Ben Friedman,
captain of the football team, in a brief

talk in which he advocated support
of the foundation. Football, stated
Coach Fielding H. Yost, another
speaker, brings out to the fullest ex-
tent qualities which are necessary in
the development of a man capable of
becoming a good leader. Rabbi A.
H. Finklestein, resident director of
the chapter, outlined the program
planned for the coining year, which is
designed to bring Judaism to students
of that faith and give them an op-
portunity to study the culture and
history of the religion.
Entertainment was provided by-Ben-
nie and Bernie Goldman, '29 and '27,
singers of the Red Apple club of WCX,
Detroit, and by other students on the
piano and banjo.
EXTEND TIME TO
ENROLL IN UNION
Members of the Union who have not
yet registered will be afforded an op-
portunity to do so from 3 to 5:30

THREE BANDS READY FOR M. S. C.
GAME; RESERVES ORGANIZE TODAY
Great improvement over the form bands, since only a 15 minute period
of last Saturday, as well as several is allowed.
1 new features which have been an- Following a plan which was inau-
nounced, is expected to, add to the gurated last year, try-outs will be
display of the varsity band at the M. held today in an attempt to organize
S. C. game tomorrow. The occasion a reserve band to serve as an auxil-
will be the first in many years, if iary to the varsity band. All those in--
not the first ever, on which three terested should apply from 4 to 6
bands have paraded Ferry field be- o'clock this afternoon at Morris hall.
fore the game and between halves. Robert A. Campbell, treasurer of the
The M. S. C. band is pected to university, has secured the services of1
arrive in the morning wit a consid- Nicholos D. Falcone, leader of the
erable contingent of rooters. On a Wuerth theater orchestra, for direc-
different train will come the United tor. Mr. Falcone will be in charge
States Marine band, under the direc- 1 of today's try-outs.
tion of Capt. William H. Santelmimax. The reservy band was organized
The latter organization is to appear last year as an experimnt, but the
in concert tomorrow night at Hill result was so successful, according to
auditorium under the auspices of the officials of the band, that it was de-
University School of Music, but ar- cided to make the body a regular in-
rangements have been made with stitution. All first semester fresh-
those in charge whereby the marines men are eligible for the competition,
,ill also play at the football game. In a feature which will afford any who
tfie evening the varsity band and the intended to try out for the varsity
M. S. C. band will be the guests of the band next semester a chance to get
Choral Union at the concert. the training in music and drill which
Field formations and plans have 'they would otherwise not be able to
been changed somewhat from last get until that time. The vars;ity band
time. The M. S. C. band will enter will each year be chosen from the
the field first and do the usual parad- ranks of this reserve division, and
ing. It will be followed by the ma- with the advantage of trained men
rines who will also drill. The varsity from which to draw, will be able to
band will enter last, and the three round into shape much uore quickly
groups will play "The Star-Spangled 'than usual.

"jei M ade M emorial Carolina, Rhode Island, and New Jer-
sey.
(By Associated Press) IUSSELS-M. Franqui, Belgium's
Paris, Oct. 7.--The famous railway financial director, plans to resign
coach in which the Armistice was when the stabilization loan now n
signed in November, 1918, thanks to der negotiation in London isformally
tke generosity of an unnamed Ameri- r n.

Back to Top

© 2024 Regents of the University of Michigan