THE MICHIGAN DAILY
PR~ffSORSTAL
(Continued from Page 9)
years the total payments certainly
made by Germany amount to about $2,-
000,000,000 including the value of d-
liveries in kind, but of this sum only
about $350,000,000'is credited to repar-
ations and most of this latter sum to
Belgium which has a priority. The
rest of Germany's payments have been
dissipated in the cost of the army of
occupation and in oher treaty costs.
Subject to the priorities just men-
tioned, France is entitled to 52 per
cent of all reparations received and
Great Britain 22 per cent. What
France has actually received.,then is
an insignificant sum compared to
what Germany owes. Great Britain,
recognizing Germany's failure to per-
fori according to the schedule im-
posed, favored a scaling down of the
gross sum and a moratorium. France
while willing to reduce the sum total
declined to discount immediate pay-
met or to grant further delay.
dhink Germans Seek to Evade
The. British seem to think that the
depreciation of the mark, .while the re-
sultUof a generally mistaken financil
policy on the part of Germany, is but
one factor in the general situation,
while the Fench-take the position that
thedisorganization of German finances
and thedepreciation of the mark are
deliberate means adoplted'bby Germany
as a way of -avoiding payment of her
reparations obligation and further that
the great industrial proprietors like
Stinnes and Thyssen are the chief
beneficiaries of this deliberate policy
of financial debasement. One hes-
tates naturally to express a judgment
upon this question but one may say
that if Germany had deliberately -un-
dertaken a financial policy to defeat
reparation payments j she could not
have succeeded better than she did
down to the time the Ruhr was occu-
pied. No alternative situation could
have been worse, so far as reparation
payments were concerned, than that
which existed when the Allied prem-
iers met at Paris early in January.
The Reparations commission, Sir John
Bradbury, the British representative,
abstaining from voting, held that Ger-
many had willfully defaulted in fail-
ing to make delivery of c'oal and wood
as required by the treaty and subse-
quenit arrangements. This determina-
tion having been .communicated to the
Allied premiers, France, seconded by
Belgium and Italy, decided upon the
occupation of the Ruhr under thear
aticle ofthe Treaty of Versaillestwhich
provides that in case of voluntary de-
fault by Germany the Allied and As-
sociated Powers should take such oth-
er measures as their, respective gov-
sary. The Ruhr was occupied and lat
ernments may determine to be nees-
er the occupation has proceeded be-
yond into Baden, tre latter occupation
being based upon the French inter-
pretation of Article 367 of the Ver-
soilles Treaty by which Germany is
bound to maintain through train ser-
vice from the territories of one of the
allied powers to those of another, Ger-
many having stopped under the pre-
text of coal shortage the trains from
Paris and Ostend to Warsaw, Prague,
and .Bucharest. Under the interpreta-
tionf of thisarticle given by France
it isjimpossible to predict the ultimate
extent of the French occupation of
Germany.
Outcome Problematical
I am not rash enough to predict the
outcome of all this. Mr. Bonar Law,
certainly no enemy of France, has as-
serted that the outcome will be disas,-
trous not only to France, but to Eng-
land and to the world in general.
England, however, remains neutral
and apparently is not likely to inter-
vene. Rumors of intervention on the
part of the United States may be dis-
counted as groundless. One thing is
apparently certain: Great Britain and
the United States having practically.
agreed on a plan of interest payments
upon the British debt to us, there is a
foundation for some -concerted policy.
The~ next step may be taken by the
United States in line with the sugges-
tion made by Mr. Hughes at Provi-
dence, namely: that the whole subject
of reparations be investigated as a fi-
nancial question by a commission as
expert and disinterested as possible.
But the question of French security France-a French hope which was not amazing assurance which is exhibited
would still remain and this means not realized in the allocations of the Peace by many of those who volunteer to de-
merely security for a 'debt but securi- council. The immediately raised ob- termine for us the right or wrong of.
ty in a strategic sense. Finally, try jection of an "unredeemed" province the controversy or who announce sim-4
as one may, the question of the Allied to be later fought over, does not go ple solutions for our most complicat-j
debt to the United States cannot be to the root of the matter. The animus ed international problem.;
separated from that of reparations and to a future war will exist quite inde- Action Not lIlegad
the financial readjustment of all Suro- pendently of such occupation, and
pean budgets, of France and the other should this territory be eventually an- "It seems inaccurate to sMy that the
Entente nowers, as well as that of nexed to France, a future conflict French action is illegal, nor does it
Germany. These are in immediate as- would be deferred rather than advanc- seem worth while, on the other hand,
sociation with the question of repara- ed in time. to spin nice refinements about its le-'
tions, the whole constituting a world "The present disparity in the pope- gality. Internationally we are still :n
problem growing out of the vast de- lation of France with respect to Ger- the ape-man stage. We have no rem-
struction of capital, as a result of the many would by such annexation be edial processes for settling interna-
world war and the consequent disor~ very largely removed, and she would tional controversies in which one In-
ganization of industry, the constantly in consequence become a less easy dependent state may compel another
increasing burden of national debts, prey to the restored Teuton nation, idependent state to participate
and economic disintegration. These Moreover, the fangs of that nation against its will. Self-help is legal.
are the consequences of the war, not would be drawn by the approp'riation "It seems equally inappropriate to
of the peace. of so large a portion of her coal and denounce the French action as uneth-,
Prof. Hobbs. of her great industrial district. This ical. In comfortable America, where
Professor William H. Hobbs of thej would be a just retribution for Ger- we have no embittered and threaten-
geoksy department on the other hand, many's ruthless destruction of the ing neighbors, no devastated areas,
is unqualified in his endorsement both French coal mines during the War, no fantastic budgets threatening na-
ofl the justice and the wisdom of, when no immediate military advantage tional bankruptcy, it is easy to apply
France's course. He states: was to be gained by it. high ethical standards to the conduct
T France Fights for Life of other countries. But would we, in!
"I have alreadv stated in published 1 ~---.- ,,,
RUTH ORPER TO IA
the benefit of the League, under thej
direction of the alumnae of that city.
The Grand Rapids Press said of Miss
Draper, "It is doubtful if any full-,
1
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I1' H IJI L f;I fledged drama,'cast, chorus and all,
so held and entranced an audience for '
two full hours. Miss Draper stands
UNITERSITY WOMEN PROCURE conspicuously alone in her art."
WYE.L OAToR IM R- 3During her trip abroad, Miss Draper
SONATOR appeared before the King "cd Queen
j of England and was requested by the
Ruth Draper, impersonator, will ap- Kingand Queen of Spain to givean
pear here Feb. 23, at the Whitney performance at the royal palace in
theater for the benefit of the Univer- Madrid. Her impersonations, which
sity of Michigan league, under the are entirely original have been given
auspices of the American Association before many other distinguished audi-
of University women. Miss Draper's ences, both here and abroad.
visit to Ann Arbor is a part of a
transcontinental tour. She has but Underwood, Remington, Smith, Roy-
recently returned from seasons in al, and Remington Portable typewrit-
Paris and London. 1ers for sale or rent. Also Underwood
While in Grand Rapids last year, Portables for sale. S. A. Moran,
Miss Draper gave a performance for Room 2, 711 N. University.-Adv.
You
Are the
Wi nner
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interviews that I regard the invasion "Without such.an outcome as has
of the Ruhr by the French as both le- been sketched above, the ultimate de-
gally justified and eminently wise. The struction of France and her reduction
German government has been resort- to vassalage seems, so far as can now
ing to intimidation and bribery as a be discerned, almost a certainty. On
means of inciting the people of the in- the other hand, it is unlikely that
vaded district to resistance; but it now France would venture upon .-a cam-
begins to be apparent that the Franco- paign of conquest directed against her
Belgian authorities are slowly-accom- eastern neighbors, in view of the alli-
plishing their purpose. Much forbear- ance of Germany with Russia. The
ance appears to have marked their cockpit of Europe, instead of being
administration in the face of some- Belgium as heretofore, would prdbably
what exasperating conduct by German be transferred to the Ruhr district,
government agents. and Belgium and Holland wouldeach
Sylnaullr Tuningto Fance be afforded a measire of protection.
"Perhaps the most noteworthy fea- Prof. Dcikinson -
ture of the reaction within this coun.- Prof. Edwin Dickinson of the law
'try is the turn of public sympathy and school is in substantial agreement
support to France, now that the news-- with Prof. Hobbs as to the justice of
papers have opened their columns to France's action, but doubts "its ex-
the frank expression of such views pediency:
an incomparably less desperate plight;
observe the same high standards in
dealing with Haiiti or Mexico?
French More Inexpedient
"It does too seem to me that the
,French move is gravely inexpedient.
If it is merely an attempt to secure
reparations, it is almost certain toI
cost vastly more than the reparations
obtained, to say nothing of the new
hatred which it will create. T h e
French will find it very difficult to
mine coal with bayonets. If it con-
ceals a preliminary step toward the
permanent acquisition of the Rhinej
frontier, it promises an ,unfortunate
fegacy of hatred and thirst for re-
venge which means future wars. If
it is a disguised attempt to prevent the
industrial and commercial recovery of
Germany, it is difficult to see how tho
ultimate destruction accomplished can
be confined to Germany. France must!
suffer from delayed recovery along
with the rest of Europe. Indeed, we
must all suffer.
"Those who are in need of encour-
agement should compare our present
struggle toward readjustment with the
periods following earlier wars. It is
easy to make a war. But it tapes a
long time to make real peace. Real
peace does not exist today in Europe
and I doubt whether we shall have
real peace for -many years to coipc.
(Continedmon Page 12)
John Hancock Said:-
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The JOHN HANCOCK would like to interest a few
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CALL 423
The statements made by Mr. Owsly, "I regard the present situation in
the head of the American Legion, and Europe as a normal phase of post-war
THWE
by Major-General Edwards, lately Di-
vision Commander in the AmericanI
forces in France, each speaking with
the apparent aproval of his follow-
ers, are likely to be heard and heeded
even by our noisier politicians inj
Washington.;
"Looking beyond the immediate1
phase of the invasion, we may consid-
er as a large probability the perma-
nent occupation of the left bank of the
Rhine and the District of the Ruhr by'
l
i
recoastruction and readjustment. The
most bitterly-contested and destruct-
ive war in history is only a little more
than four years behind us. Our inter-
national relations are still ordered by
the terms of an extraordinarily vindic-
tive peace. Why, then, should any-
thing that happens in Europe surprise
us, and least of all the latest French
gesture in the Ruhr?
"Personally, I am surprised at no-
thing in this connection except the
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ART MARQUARDT
608 East Liberty
Annual May Festival
HILL AUDITORIUM-ANN ARBOR
FOUR DAYS- May 16, 1. 18, 19 SIX CONCERTS
SOLOISTS
GIUSEPPE DANISE, Baritone
METROPOLITAN OPERA COMPANY
BENIAMINO GIGLI, Tenor
METROPOLITAN OPERA COMPANY,
JEANNE GORDON, Contralto
METROPOLITAN OPERA COMPANY
SUZANNE KEENER, Soprano
METROPOLITAN OPERA COMPANY
FLORENCE MACBETH, Soprano
CHICAGO OPERA ASSOCIATION
CHARLES MARSHALL, Tenor
CHICAGO OPERA ASSOCIATION
ERNA RUBINSTEIN, Violinist
A DISTINGUISHED ARTIST
ERNEST SCHELLING, Pianist
A RENOWNED VIRTUOSO
HENRI SCOTT, Bass-Baritone
LATE OF THE METROPOLITAN OPERA COMPANY
CLARENCE WHITEHILL, Baritone
METROPOLITAN OPERA COMPANY
Everything itihe Realm of Nusic
116 S. MAIN ST
We're Headquarters for
5,usical Instrument
Students are particularly requested to
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Banjos
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GUSTAV HOLST
Distinguished composer-conductor who will come from England
especially to conduct the American premiere of his "Hymn of Jesus"
which will be sung by the Choral Union at the Thusday Evening
Concert.
Ukuleles
3, $4,5
to as high as
0
COURSE TICKETS
$35
:
$5, $5.50, $6, $7
(If "Festival doupon" from Choral Union is returned, deduct $3.00)
1. Subscribers of record to "Patrons Tickets" may secure old loca-
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