THE MICHIGAN DAILY PR~ffSORSTAL (Continued from Page 9) years the total payments certainly made by Germany amount to about $2,- 000,000,000 including the value of d- liveries in kind, but of this sum only about $350,000,000'is credited to repar- ations and most of this latter sum to Belgium which has a priority. The rest of Germany's payments have been dissipated in the cost of the army of occupation and in oher treaty costs. Subject to the priorities just men- tioned, France is entitled to 52 per cent of all reparations received and Great Britain 22 per cent. What France has actually received.,then is an insignificant sum compared to what Germany owes. Great Britain, recognizing Germany's failure to per- fori according to the schedule im- posed, favored a scaling down of the gross sum and a moratorium. France while willing to reduce the sum total declined to discount immediate pay- met or to grant further delay. dhink Germans Seek to Evade The. British seem to think that the depreciation of the mark, .while the re- sultUof a generally mistaken financil policy on the part of Germany, is but one factor in the general situation, while the Fench-take the position that thedisorganization of German finances and thedepreciation of the mark are deliberate means adoplted'bby Germany as a way of -avoiding payment of her reparations obligation and further that the great industrial proprietors like Stinnes and Thyssen are the chief beneficiaries of this deliberate policy of financial debasement. One hes- tates naturally to express a judgment upon this question but one may say that if Germany had deliberately -un- dertaken a financial policy to defeat reparation payments j she could not have succeeded better than she did down to the time the Ruhr was occu- pied. No alternative situation could have been worse, so far as reparation payments were concerned, than that which existed when the Allied prem- iers met at Paris early in January. The Reparations commission, Sir John Bradbury, the British representative, abstaining from voting, held that Ger- many had willfully defaulted in fail- ing to make delivery of c'oal and wood as required by the treaty and subse- quenit arrangements. This determina- tion having been .communicated to the Allied premiers, France, seconded by Belgium and Italy, decided upon the occupation of the Ruhr under thear aticle ofthe Treaty of Versaillestwhich provides that in case of voluntary de- fault by Germany the Allied and As- sociated Powers should take such oth- er measures as their, respective gov- sary. The Ruhr was occupied and lat ernments may determine to be nees- er the occupation has proceeded be- yond into Baden, tre latter occupation being based upon the French inter- pretation of Article 367 of the Ver- soilles Treaty by which Germany is bound to maintain through train ser- vice from the territories of one of the allied powers to those of another, Ger- many having stopped under the pre- text of coal shortage the trains from Paris and Ostend to Warsaw, Prague, and .Bucharest. Under the interpreta- tionf of thisarticle given by France it isjimpossible to predict the ultimate extent of the French occupation of Germany. Outcome Problematical I am not rash enough to predict the outcome of all this. Mr. Bonar Law, certainly no enemy of France, has as- serted that the outcome will be disas,- trous not only to France, but to Eng- land and to the world in general. England, however, remains neutral and apparently is not likely to inter- vene. Rumors of intervention on the part of the United States may be dis- counted as groundless. One thing is apparently certain: Great Britain and the United States having practically. agreed on a plan of interest payments upon the British debt to us, there is a foundation for some -concerted policy. The~ next step may be taken by the United States in line with the sugges- tion made by Mr. Hughes at Provi- dence, namely: that the whole subject of reparations be investigated as a fi- nancial question by a commission as expert and disinterested as possible. But the question of French security France-a French hope which was not amazing assurance which is exhibited would still remain and this means not realized in the allocations of the Peace by many of those who volunteer to de- merely security for a 'debt but securi- council. The immediately raised ob- termine for us the right or wrong of. ty in a strategic sense. Finally, try jection of an "unredeemed" province the controversy or who announce sim-4 as one may, the question of the Allied to be later fought over, does not go ple solutions for our most complicat-j debt to the United States cannot be to the root of the matter. The animus ed international problem.; separated from that of reparations and to a future war will exist quite inde- Action Not lIlegad the financial readjustment of all Suro- pendently of such occupation, and pean budgets, of France and the other should this territory be eventually an- "It seems inaccurate to sMy that the Entente nowers, as well as that of nexed to France, a future conflict French action is illegal, nor does it Germany. These are in immediate as- would be deferred rather than advanc- seem worth while, on the other hand, sociation with the question of repara- ed in time. to spin nice refinements about its le-' tions, the whole constituting a world "The present disparity in the pope- gality. Internationally we are still :n problem growing out of the vast de- lation of France with respect to Ger- the ape-man stage. We have no rem- struction of capital, as a result of the many would by such annexation be edial processes for settling interna- world war and the consequent disor~ very largely removed, and she would tional controversies in which one In- ganization of industry, the constantly in consequence become a less easy dependent state may compel another increasing burden of national debts, prey to the restored Teuton nation, idependent state to participate and economic disintegration. These Moreover, the fangs of that nation against its will. Self-help is legal. are the consequences of the war, not would be drawn by the approp'riation "It seems equally inappropriate to of the peace. of so large a portion of her coal and denounce the French action as uneth-, Prof. Hobbs. of her great industrial district. This ical. In comfortable America, where Professor William H. Hobbs of thej would be a just retribution for Ger- we have no embittered and threaten- geoksy department on the other hand, many's ruthless destruction of the ing neighbors, no devastated areas, is unqualified in his endorsement both French coal mines during the War, no fantastic budgets threatening na- ofl the justice and the wisdom of, when no immediate military advantage tional bankruptcy, it is easy to apply France's course. He states: was to be gained by it. high ethical standards to the conduct T France Fights for Life of other countries. But would we, in! "I have alreadv stated in published 1 ~---.- ,,, RUTH ORPER TO IA the benefit of the League, under thej direction of the alumnae of that city. The Grand Rapids Press said of Miss Draper, "It is doubtful if any full-, 1 i i 1 ^ t I I 3 I1' H IJI L f;I fledged drama,'cast, chorus and all, so held and entranced an audience for ' two full hours. Miss Draper stands UNITERSITY WOMEN PROCURE conspicuously alone in her art." WYE.L OAToR IM R- 3During her trip abroad, Miss Draper SONATOR appeared before the King "cd Queen j of England and was requested by the Ruth Draper, impersonator, will ap- Kingand Queen of Spain to givean pear here Feb. 23, at the Whitney performance at the royal palace in theater for the benefit of the Univer- Madrid. Her impersonations, which sity of Michigan league, under the are entirely original have been given auspices of the American Association before many other distinguished audi- of University women. Miss Draper's ences, both here and abroad. visit to Ann Arbor is a part of a transcontinental tour. She has but Underwood, Remington, Smith, Roy- recently returned from seasons in al, and Remington Portable typewrit- Paris and London. 1ers for sale or rent. Also Underwood While in Grand Rapids last year, Portables for sale. S. A. Moran, Miss Draper gave a performance for Room 2, 711 N. University.-Adv. You Are the Wi nner 1 ]t, 1 1 1 ' 1 interviews that I regard the invasion "Without such.an outcome as has of the Ruhr by the French as both le- been sketched above, the ultimate de- gally justified and eminently wise. The struction of France and her reduction German government has been resort- to vassalage seems, so far as can now ing to intimidation and bribery as a be discerned, almost a certainty. On means of inciting the people of the in- the other hand, it is unlikely that vaded district to resistance; but it now France would venture upon .-a cam- begins to be apparent that the Franco- paign of conquest directed against her Belgian authorities are slowly-accom- eastern neighbors, in view of the alli- plishing their purpose. Much forbear- ance of Germany with Russia. The ance appears to have marked their cockpit of Europe, instead of being administration in the face of some- Belgium as heretofore, would prdbably what exasperating conduct by German be transferred to the Ruhr district, government agents. and Belgium and Holland wouldeach Sylnaullr Tuningto Fance be afforded a measire of protection. "Perhaps the most noteworthy fea- Prof. Dcikinson - ture of the reaction within this coun.- Prof. Edwin Dickinson of the law 'try is the turn of public sympathy and school is in substantial agreement support to France, now that the news-- with Prof. Hobbs as to the justice of papers have opened their columns to France's action, but doubts "its ex- the frank expression of such views pediency: an incomparably less desperate plight; observe the same high standards in dealing with Haiiti or Mexico? French More Inexpedient "It does too seem to me that the ,French move is gravely inexpedient. If it is merely an attempt to secure reparations, it is almost certain toI cost vastly more than the reparations obtained, to say nothing of the new hatred which it will create. T h e French will find it very difficult to mine coal with bayonets. If it con- ceals a preliminary step toward the permanent acquisition of the Rhinej frontier, it promises an ,unfortunate fegacy of hatred and thirst for re- venge which means future wars. If it is a disguised attempt to prevent the industrial and commercial recovery of Germany, it is difficult to see how tho ultimate destruction accomplished can be confined to Germany. France must! suffer from delayed recovery along with the rest of Europe. Indeed, we must all suffer. "Those who are in need of encour- agement should compare our present struggle toward readjustment with the periods following earlier wars. It is easy to make a war. But it tapes a long time to make real peace. Real peace does not exist today in Europe and I doubt whether we shall have real peace for -many years to coipc. (Continedmon Page 12) John Hancock Said:- (IN 1774) HAVE ever considered it as the indispensable duty of every member of society to promote, as far as in him lies, the prosperity of every indi- ..vidual, but more especially of the community in which he belongs." Life insurance is inseparably bound up with the prosperity of every individual, family and community. It is a secure and prosperous business and satisfactory to the salesman in every way. The JOHN HANCOCK would like to interest a few ambitious men who graduate this year to make JOHN HANCOCK selling their life work. Statistics on college graduates who have entered life insurance place it at the very top as a source of income. Before making a decision as to your career it would be well to make inquiries of the "Agency Department." LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY OF BOSTON. 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The most bitterly-contested and destruct- ive war in history is only a little more than four years behind us. Our inter- national relations are still ordered by the terms of an extraordinarily vindic- tive peace. Why, then, should any- thing that happens in Europe surprise us, and least of all the latest French gesture in the Ruhr? "Personally, I am surprised at no- thing in this connection except the ANN ARBOR DAIRY 4th & Catherine Sts. Start the new semester right. A Remington Portable will help. 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