2A - The Michigan Daily - Thursday, February 4, 1999
NATION/WORLD
Y2K problem could affect missiles
MOSCOW (AP) - Russia needs up to $3 billion,
to tackle the Year 2000 computer glitch - six times
the original estimate - a top official announced yes-
terday as he appealed to the United States and NATO
to help fix computers that control Russia's nuclear
weapons.
While many countries have been working on the
so-called Y2K "millennium bug" problem for years,
some key players, including Russia and China, have
been slower to address it.
Last month, U.S. Deputy Defense Secretary John
Hamre acknowledged "some nervousness" in
Washington about potential computer problems in
Russia. "They don't seem to have the same level of
urgency that we have had over it," he said.
The man leading Russia's efforts to solve the Y2K
finally responded yesterday by asking NATO and the
U.S. Defense Department for advice - and money.
Russia wants all sides to "speak the same lan-
guage," Alexander Krupnov, chair of the central
telecommunications commission, said yesterday.
"We're in a critical situation in several areas" -
including the Defense Ministry.
Russia has already agreed to let NATO experts
investigate the potential danger to Russian weapons
systems. While an errant missile launch brought on
by a computer clock failure would be highly unlike-
ly, computer snags could sabotage radar and
telecommunications networks that are the backbone
for Russia's system to detect foreign launches.
Radar screens could go blank, and the bug could
throw certain nuclear systems into a test pattern,
which is apparently difficult to stop, making the
computer system inaccessible.
"It's not that nuclear missiles are going to pop off
out of silos," said Paul Beaver, an analyst with Jane's
Information Group in London.
U.S. defense agencies want to place U.S. officers
in Russian nuclear control rooms and Russian offi-
cers in U.S. control rooms to monitor the changeover,
Beaver said.
But Russian defense officials have been stubborn-
ly silent.
The cost of tackling the problem is staggering,
especially for Russia, overwhelmed by mounting
debts.
The latest estimate is $3 billion, Krupnov said yes-
terday. That's in a country so broke that this year's
draft budget foresees just $21 billion in revenues -
none of which is earmarked for the Y2K problem.
Krupnov said it was up to government agencies,
including those that control military bases, air traffic
and oil pipelines, to come up with their own cash.
Weapons aren't the only danger.
"The nuclear plants won't be able to get accurate
temperature information, and you could have anoth-
er Chernobyl," Beaver said, referring to the world's
worst nuclear accident, at a Soviet plant in 1986.
"And that would not just affect Russia."
Meanwhile, in China, a survey of the country'
most crucial enterprises showed that more than half
didn't even know how to detect the computer glitch
in their systems, the official Beijing Morning Post
reported yesterday.
Chinese officials doubt government ministries can
meet an October deadline for fixing their systems.
Little assistance is being provided to agencies and
enterprises finance, aviation, telecommunications
and transport sectors.
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It's allgood!
GOD
Continued from Page A
He next looked at the growing recog-
nition within the scientific community
that many things have to be "just so" in
order for life to exist and small changes
in the initial conditions of the universe
can cause drastic changes.
"It was quite a surprise to many sci-
entists that really small changes in
physical constants would render life
improbable," Bradley said. "Small
changes leave it unsuitable for life in
any imaginable type."
The next question asked, "If the uni-
verse exhibits design, what is the pur-
pose?"
In response, Bradley said God has a
desire to have a relationship with
human beings.
"The ultimate purpose in God creat-
ing the universe is to make a habitat for
people he could love and who would
respond to his love," Bradley said. "God
wanted to have a relationship with us."
The fifth question of the night dealt
with the controversial topic of whether
evolution disproves creation.
While prefacing his comments with
the note that he is not a biologist,
Bradley looked at the complex exis-
tence of life as something which "does
not defy the laws of nature, but can not
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easily be explained by them.
"Microevolution (evolution on a
species level) is likely, but macroevo-
lutiuon is more problematic," Bradley
said. "There are still things we need to
learn to show that macroevolution is
probable."
As a co lusion, Bradley briefly
spoke on his personal beliefs and the
process he went through to arrive at his
current beliefs.
"As a college student, I really wres-
tled with my beliefs and they were
widely challenged," said Bradley. "It
was during this time I became per-
suaded there is considerable reason to
believe there was a creator. The God of
creation was a God who wanted us to
have a personal relationship with him."
The majority of the students in
attendance said they were convinced of
the existence of God, but were interest-
ed in seeing their beliefs confirmed
from a scientific point of view.
"We live in a world where you can
philosophically come from two
camps," Moore said. Some people
believe "God is relegated to something
that really doesn't affect us, but people
are seeking after something beyond
themselves."
Last night's presentation was spon-
sored by Campus Crusade For Christ
and the Michigan Christian Graduates.
CONTRACT
Continued from Page 1A
The University said it would provide a
$200 stipend, room and board and insur-
ance during all international graduate
students' three week training period. But
Shanmugalingan said she doubts the
University will keep its word since this
policy is not included in GEO's contract.
"I want a more specific proposal we
can hold the University accountable
to," Shanmugalingan said. "Three
years ago, they reneged on the same
policy and we couldn't hold them to it.
The same problem exists now."
Gamble said the University will not
include this policy in the GEO contract
because international graduate students
are not employees until they pass the
training session and become GSIs.
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AROUND THE NATION
- NATO help could be needed in Kosovo
WASHINGTON - A NATO-led peacekeeping force could be needed in
Kosovo for three to five years to enforce any peace accord and might include up
to 4,000 American troops, the Clinton administration told Congress yesterday.
In testimony at a Senate hearing, and in private briefings with lawmakers,
President Clinton's national security team sought to prepare Congress for*0
possibility of a second U.S. ground commitment in the Balkans. U.S. troops have
been in Bosnia for the past three years.
The administration also shared with lawmakers a draft of a U.S.-sponsored
s peace plan that would dramatically reduce Serbian control over Kosovo and give
the province considerable self-government powers - while allowing some con-
tinued Serbian military presence.
s The administration also pledged to provide a series of "benchmarks" to be
f used as a basis for extricating U.S. troops once they are introduced, congressional
and administration sources said.
t Kosovo's ethnic Albanian rebels have agreed to participate in weekend peace'
talks demanded by the United States and NATO allies as pressure increased on
Serbia's hard-line government to join the talks. NATO has threatened airstrikes
Serbia and the rebels aren't talking by Saturday and closing a peace deal by Feb.
19 under talks organized by the United States and five European powers.
s
Gore begins George Bush, to name two of Gore's
recent predecessors, followed precise-
election campaign ly the same pork-and-circumstance
formula to woo supporters and fortify
Brick by brick, trip by trip, one their position in key states. Each went
heaping stack of federal dollars after on to claim their respective party no
another, Vice President Al Gore is inations, with Bush winning the WIW
building a political firewall on the House.
Pacific.
California, once an oversized after- Coalition to lobby
thought in presidential primaries, has
emerged as a cornerstone of Gore's for high-speed cable
2000 strategy, first to win the
Democratic nomination by spring, WASHINGTON - America Online-
then capture the White House in the is part of a lobbying coalition formed.
fall. yesterday with the aim of getting access
In dozens of visits - an average of to high-speed Internet and data lines
more than one a month in the past controlled by cable TV companies.
year - Gore has courted vital The announcement of the Open4
Democratic constituencies with con- coalition comes almost a week after
nect-the-dots precision. Labor. the Federal Communications
Hollywood. Black voters. Commission decided not to opena
Environmentalists. Each trip, he proceeding that would force cable
sprinkles tens of millions of dollars companies to share high-speed lines
around the state; last week it was a with their competitors.
Sacramento stop to announce $43 Still, the FCC said it would keep an
million for California crime victims. eye on the matter to ensure that con-
The strategy is hardly new. Vice sumers' options for Internet service are
presidents Walter Mondale and not restricted.
AROUND THE WORLD
AIDS may claim AIDS. In 1998, the disease killed
about 100 people a day, Marowa
70,uuu in Zimbabwe said."-
Zimbabwe has one of the highest
HARARE, Zimbabwe - The deadly of heterosexually transmitted Acqui-
AIDS pandemic is expected to kill about Immune Deficiency Syndrome in south-
70,000 Zimbabweans this year -nearly em Africa.
200 people a day, the head of the nation's
AIDS prevention program said yester- Mir to shine light on
day.
Evaristo Marowa blamed the spiraling former Soviet cities
death toll on the continuing refusal of
young, sexually active adults to use pro- MOSCOW - The crew of the Mir'
tective measures. space station prepared yesterday for a daz-
"The crisis continues to deepen with zling experiment with a space mirror
little or no sign of behavioral changes in will send a beam of reflected sunli
the young and economically active age flashing over the ex-Soviet Union and
groups" he said. parts of Europe.
By the end of 1999, Zimbabwe's death The Znamya experiment, which -it
toll from AIDS-related illness since scheduled to start at around 5 a.m. today,
1985, when the first AIDS case was envisages unfolding a mirror made of a'
reported, is expected to reach 400,000, membrane covered by a metal layer.
Marowa said. The mirror is supposed to work like an
Marowa talked to reporters after a artificial moon, reflecting sunlight onto
three-day visit from Sandra Thurman, regions in Russia and other former Soviet
director of President Clinton's White republics before reaching Germany and'
House Office on AIDS policy. the Czech Republic, said Mission Con
An estimated 1.6 million of the spokesperson an Valery Lyndin.
country's 12 million citizens are
infected with the virus that causes - Compiled from Daily wire repors- a
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