Ninety-T wo Years
of
Editorial Freedom
e~itigan
l laig
FESTIVE
Sunny, high in the mid 50s.
Vol. XCII, No. 55
Copyright 1981, The Michigan Daily
Ann Arbor, Michigan-Thursday, November 12, 1981
Ten Cents
Ten Pages
Nuclear
War
t
'U' panel suggests
ways to avoid one
By JANET RAE
"We don't have answers. But we do
have ideas," Political Science
Professor Harold Jacobson. said
yesterday as he opened one of 145 panel
discussions held internationally as part
of a Convocation on the Threat of
Nudlear War, sponsored by the Union
of- Concerned Scientists.
The convocation was held on college
campuses worldwide to spead infor-
mation about the prevention of nuclear
war. The Ann Arbor panel, featuring
four University professors discussing
the political ssues of nuclear strategy,
was one of the focal points of yester-
days series of lectures and films.
"NUCLEAR WAR would be an un-
mitigated catastrophe," said Jacobson,
who served as moderator for the panel
which included political science
professors Mliroslav Nincic, David
Singer and William Zimmerman.
Jacobson said there was a need to
begin limiting nuclear goals to "second
strike" - those systems designed to
retaliate, rather than initiate, attack.
- "I can't understand why anyone
would want to build above that level,"
he said.
NINCIC DISCUSSED the threat of
nuclear proliferation worldwide, em-
phasizing the significance of lateral
A number of smaller nations
developing nuclear weapons - in ad-
dition to vertical proliferation taking
place within the "superpower" nations.
"The lateral growth presents added
security threats to the global society,"
Nincic said. "The first nuclear con-
frontation is likely to involve new
members of the nuclear club. They
have far more intense and real conflicts
of interest than there are between the
United States and the USSR."
He suggested strengthening the
power of,the International Atomic
See NUCLEAR, Page 10
Candlelight march
Disease would be.,
survivors' biggest foe
A hundred people march in a candlelight procession from Rackham auditorium to
President Shapiro's house last night. The marchers, bearing a coffin, are mour-
ning the deaths of those killed in war and protesting the University's smaller but
better policy, the University research policy, and the arms race.
BOSTON (AP) - Although 60 million
Americans would survive a nuclear
barrage in all-out war, they might
emerge from fallout shelters to
epidemics spread in part by trillions of
insects breeding on the dead, a medicgl
report concludes.
Up to a quarter of the survivors might
die from contagious diseases, and
because doctors tend to concentrate in
large cities, most physicians would be
killed in the initial attack, according to
the report in today's New England
Journal of Medicine.
"INFECTION and the spread of
communicable disease may represent,
the most important threat to sur-
vivors," said the report written by Dr.
Herbert Abrams, a radiology professor
at Harvard Medical School.
He drew on 38 published studies and
reports, mdny of them prepared for the
federal government.
Abrams' report was published as a
group called the Union of Concerned
Scientists sponsred convocations
across the nation on the threat of
nuclear war.
THE DOCTOR'S scenario assumed
that the United States was struck by a
6,559-megaton attack, the equivalent of
524,720 of the bombs that devastated'
Hiroshima during World War II.
Moments after' the attack, 86 million
people - nearly 40 percent of the
population - would -be dead. Fifty
million would die in fallout shelters, but
60 million people would escape without
serious injury and with relatively
limited radiation exposure.
For them, starvation would be a
threat, but the biggest danger would be
disease, Abrams said. The radiation-
exposure would have weakened half the
surviviors' ability to fight infection, he
said.
Shuttle
launch
set f or.
today
CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. (AP) - Columbia suf-
fered technological growing pains on the eve of its
,scheduled return to space and its launch target was
put back until mid-morning today by an errant data
relay system. The ship underwent a series of launch
pad repairs last night and officials decided against a
sunrise liftoff.
The new target is for 10 a.m. EST, said L. Michael
Weeks of the National Aeronautics and Space Ad-
ministration.
LAUNCH COULD come anytime before noon-the
final moment in Columbia's "launch window."
After hours of conferences between the various
space centers and industry experts, NASA "deter-
mined a course of action which could result" in liftoff
at'10 a.m., according to a space agency spokesman.
Columbia's crew was ready, but at dusk a NASA of-
ficial said, "The problems are not resolved," and
there was still no go-ahead for overnight fueling.
THERE REMAINED a strong possibility of a
second scrubbed launch in as many weeks. As dark
enveloped the shuttle, space center spokesman Hugh
Harris said "testing is continuing on the pad."
Astronauts Joe Engle and Richard Truly stayed up
a little past 5 p.m. EST bedtime to monitor the pr-
blem and went to bed not knowing if they would fly as
scheduled. "They roll with the punch pretty good,"
said their trainer,.Bill Jones. "They're waiting and
ready-it's not their decision."
NASA was flying in two replacement parts for a
malfunctioning electronic component, but the parts
were not due at Kennedy Space Center until late
yesterday.
EXPERTS HERE and at the Johnson Space Cen-
ter in Houston were summoned to study the problem.
"They have a number of decisions they have to
make and they have not made them," said NASA's
Dick Young. One possibility was to put a spare part
aboard Columbia for the astronauts to swap in flight
if necessary.
The parts were cannibalized from Challenger, a
second shuttle now being built in California.
LAUNCH WEATHER seened largely irrelevant in
light of the other problems. The forecast was for
near-perfect conditions.
Anticipation was building along the Florida Space
Coast for Columbia's fiery sendoff into the history
books.. Never before has a spaceship attempted a
second visit to space. The shuttle, which made a
spectacular debut last April, is designed for 99 more
roundtrips.
Countdown for Columbia's second test flight was
not without problems.
Less than 24 hours before the scheduled 7:30 a.m.
EST launch, technicians fdund and fixed a leak in the
sliutle's huge external tank.
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Michigan Eye Bank's
business is saving sight,
By JULIE HINDS
Michigan State University junior Liz
Vangorder dropped out of school two
years ago when she was blinded by
keratoconus-a progressively
deteriorating corneal disease she con-
tracted at fourteen.
Now Vangorder has 20-20 vision in her
left eye, is reenrolled at MSU, and
carries a full class load.
Vangorder's life changed radically in
May 1980 when she received a cornea
transplant at the University Hospital
with the aid of the Ann Arbor Michigan
Eye Bank chapter.
THE MICHIGAN Eye Bank, af-
filiated 'with both the University and
Wayne State University, provided
donated eyes for more than 1,000 tran-
splants last year. About 200 of the
operations were performed at Univer-
sity Hospital, according to Eye Bank
Manager Richard Fuller.
The Eye Bank, a non-profit cor-
poration, will give some $140,000 this
year to the University to fund Eye Bank
activities, including transplants and
research work.
The Eye Bank is responsible for
gathering donated eyes from some 86
local hospitals in Michigan and then
distributing the organs to surgeons on
the Eye Bank waiting list.
THE BANK has something of an
image problem, according to Fuller,
because the term "bank" is
misleading; and conjures up horror-
film visions of collections of eyes.
"We don't actually bank eyes,"
Fuller said. "Normally the donated
organs are used for transplants within 3
days."
After a deceased person's eyes have
been donated, the Eye Bank must
preserve the eyes in a tissue-culture
medium, within four hours of death,
and then transport the eyes to the
hospital for the operation.
THE ACTUAL operation involves
transplanting the cornea, the tran-
sparent coating of the iris and pupil.
Transplants are currently limited to
correcting blindness due to disease or
injury to the cornea, according to Dr.
Roger Meyer, medical director of the
Eye Bank.-
"The cornea is simply a window that
allows light to enter," Fuller said. "If
the cornea becomes clouded, the light
can't pass through and you don't see.
It's that simple."
Cornea transplants have a 90 percent-
success rate, and can be repeated up to
five or six times if the transplant is
rejected, Fuller said.
MORE THAN 70,000 people have
signed donor pledge cards, but that
figure may be misleading because
"when the next-of-kin says no, it's no"
even if a pledge card has been signed,
Fuller said.4
Eyes that are unsuitable for tran-
splants are used in medical research,
Fuller said, adding "we want all eyes
regardless of the age, health, or disease
of the donor."
Vangorder said that although she is
still considered visually handicapped,
she is now "100 percent better" after
the transplant.
"I'm learning again how to ride a
bike. I'm still a lousy golfer but I can hit
the ball," Vangorder said.
Minority
Services,
combine
programs.
By PAM FICKINGER
After weeks of discussion, the Office
of Minority Student Services and Trot-
ter House have decided to combine
programs and staff to create a more
supportive environment for minority
students, according to acting Trotter
House Director John Powell.
Under the new system, the four
minority student service represen-
tatives have dual functions. They will
counsel specific minority students, and
will provide four services previously
unavailable through MSS.
THESE FOUR new duties include
handling questions concerning data
collection, financial aid, support ser-
Pht vices, and academic issues, Powell
Daily Photo by KIM HILL said.
TOM MOOREHEAD, John Powell and Ron Aramaki (top to bottom) explain With representatives handling both
the goals and new directions of Minority Student Services and Trotter House counseling and functional duties, their
in the MSS office yesterday. See MSS, Page 2
TOD..AY
Reagan think-alike contest,
pOSTERS TACKED UP all over campus, are
urging students to enter the Pompous Asse-hole
Society's Ronald Reagan Think-A-Like Contest.
The rules are simple. The poster states:' in 50
wnrds or less iiutifv the mnral recitiido nf (nr imniv
Pompous Asse-hole Society is a non-profit, non-partisan,
and non-flammable organization, which was founded early
in 1981 to recognize and glorify the pompous and the asse-
holes of contemporary America.
76 3-film
The Campus Information Center in the MichiganUnion
will open a telephone line tomorrow providing information
on campus films. So if you want to know what's playing,
women pursuing any professional or academic degree. Ap-
plicants must have interrupted their education at some
time for at least two consecutive years and must be admit-
ted to the University when the scholarships are awarded in
mid-April. The scholarships are awarded on the basis of
strength of motivation, promise of impact in a chosen field,
academic record, scholarly contributions, and financial
need. Applications and more information are available at
the Center which is open weekdays from 8:30 a.m. to 5 p.m.
and until 9:00 p.m. on the first and third Monday of each
month. The Center is on the second floor of the Huron
Va1v Natinna1 Rnk Rilding on the nrner of North
Libra, for several days. On Monday, a crab trap caught in
one of the boat's propellers. When Ohai dove to cut the line,
the shark moved in. "It-wasn't a big shark," Ohai said
Tuesday from his hos ital bed. "I thought the best thing to
do was go straight for him. I would never turn my back on a
shark." He managed to fend off the shark with a knife, but
suffered a bite on his right hand. Doctors later removed a
piece of shark tooth. Ohai, 59, has been distinguished as a
"living treasure" of Hawaii by a Buddhist mission for his
mastery of one traditional Hawaiian art, deep-sea fishing.
Ohai 'said he hopes to be fishing again by next week,
because with the holidays coming soon, the price of fish will
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