Ninety-T wo Years of Editorial Freedom e~itigan l laig FESTIVE Sunny, high in the mid 50s. Vol. XCII, No. 55 Copyright 1981, The Michigan Daily Ann Arbor, Michigan-Thursday, November 12, 1981 Ten Cents Ten Pages Nuclear War t 'U' panel suggests ways to avoid one By JANET RAE "We don't have answers. But we do have ideas," Political Science Professor Harold Jacobson. said yesterday as he opened one of 145 panel discussions held internationally as part of a Convocation on the Threat of Nudlear War, sponsored by the Union of- Concerned Scientists. The convocation was held on college campuses worldwide to spead infor- mation about the prevention of nuclear war. The Ann Arbor panel, featuring four University professors discussing the political ssues of nuclear strategy, was one of the focal points of yester- days series of lectures and films. "NUCLEAR WAR would be an un- mitigated catastrophe," said Jacobson, who served as moderator for the panel which included political science professors Mliroslav Nincic, David Singer and William Zimmerman. Jacobson said there was a need to begin limiting nuclear goals to "second strike" - those systems designed to retaliate, rather than initiate, attack. - "I can't understand why anyone would want to build above that level," he said. NINCIC DISCUSSED the threat of nuclear proliferation worldwide, em- phasizing the significance of lateral A number of smaller nations developing nuclear weapons - in ad- dition to vertical proliferation taking place within the "superpower" nations. "The lateral growth presents added security threats to the global society," Nincic said. "The first nuclear con- frontation is likely to involve new members of the nuclear club. They have far more intense and real conflicts of interest than there are between the United States and the USSR." He suggested strengthening the power of,the International Atomic See NUCLEAR, Page 10 Candlelight march Disease would be., survivors' biggest foe A hundred people march in a candlelight procession from Rackham auditorium to President Shapiro's house last night. The marchers, bearing a coffin, are mour- ning the deaths of those killed in war and protesting the University's smaller but better policy, the University research policy, and the arms race. BOSTON (AP) - Although 60 million Americans would survive a nuclear barrage in all-out war, they might emerge from fallout shelters to epidemics spread in part by trillions of insects breeding on the dead, a medicgl report concludes. Up to a quarter of the survivors might die from contagious diseases, and because doctors tend to concentrate in large cities, most physicians would be killed in the initial attack, according to the report in today's New England Journal of Medicine. "INFECTION and the spread of communicable disease may represent, the most important threat to sur- vivors," said the report written by Dr. Herbert Abrams, a radiology professor at Harvard Medical School. He drew on 38 published studies and reports, mdny of them prepared for the federal government. Abrams' report was published as a group called the Union of Concerned Scientists sponsred convocations across the nation on the threat of nuclear war. THE DOCTOR'S scenario assumed that the United States was struck by a 6,559-megaton attack, the equivalent of 524,720 of the bombs that devastated' Hiroshima during World War II. Moments after' the attack, 86 million people - nearly 40 percent of the population - would -be dead. Fifty million would die in fallout shelters, but 60 million people would escape without serious injury and with relatively limited radiation exposure. For them, starvation would be a threat, but the biggest danger would be disease, Abrams said. The radiation- exposure would have weakened half the surviviors' ability to fight infection, he said. Shuttle launch set f or. today CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. (AP) - Columbia suf- fered technological growing pains on the eve of its ,scheduled return to space and its launch target was put back until mid-morning today by an errant data relay system. The ship underwent a series of launch pad repairs last night and officials decided against a sunrise liftoff. The new target is for 10 a.m. EST, said L. Michael Weeks of the National Aeronautics and Space Ad- ministration. LAUNCH COULD come anytime before noon-the final moment in Columbia's "launch window." After hours of conferences between the various space centers and industry experts, NASA "deter- mined a course of action which could result" in liftoff at'10 a.m., according to a space agency spokesman. Columbia's crew was ready, but at dusk a NASA of- ficial said, "The problems are not resolved," and there was still no go-ahead for overnight fueling. THERE REMAINED a strong possibility of a second scrubbed launch in as many weeks. As dark enveloped the shuttle, space center spokesman Hugh Harris said "testing is continuing on the pad." Astronauts Joe Engle and Richard Truly stayed up a little past 5 p.m. EST bedtime to monitor the pr- blem and went to bed not knowing if they would fly as scheduled. "They roll with the punch pretty good," said their trainer,.Bill Jones. "They're waiting and ready-it's not their decision." NASA was flying in two replacement parts for a malfunctioning electronic component, but the parts were not due at Kennedy Space Center until late yesterday. EXPERTS HERE and at the Johnson Space Cen- ter in Houston were summoned to study the problem. "They have a number of decisions they have to make and they have not made them," said NASA's Dick Young. One possibility was to put a spare part aboard Columbia for the astronauts to swap in flight if necessary. The parts were cannibalized from Challenger, a second shuttle now being built in California. LAUNCH WEATHER seened largely irrelevant in light of the other problems. The forecast was for near-perfect conditions. Anticipation was building along the Florida Space Coast for Columbia's fiery sendoff into the history books.. Never before has a spaceship attempted a second visit to space. The shuttle, which made a spectacular debut last April, is designed for 99 more roundtrips. Countdown for Columbia's second test flight was not without problems. Less than 24 hours before the scheduled 7:30 a.m. EST launch, technicians fdund and fixed a leak in the sliutle's huge external tank. -I ;f Michigan Eye Bank's business is saving sight, By JULIE HINDS Michigan State University junior Liz Vangorder dropped out of school two years ago when she was blinded by keratoconus-a progressively deteriorating corneal disease she con- tracted at fourteen. Now Vangorder has 20-20 vision in her left eye, is reenrolled at MSU, and carries a full class load. Vangorder's life changed radically in May 1980 when she received a cornea transplant at the University Hospital with the aid of the Ann Arbor Michigan Eye Bank chapter. THE MICHIGAN Eye Bank, af- filiated 'with both the University and Wayne State University, provided donated eyes for more than 1,000 tran- splants last year. About 200 of the operations were performed at Univer- sity Hospital, according to Eye Bank Manager Richard Fuller. The Eye Bank, a non-profit cor- poration, will give some $140,000 this year to the University to fund Eye Bank activities, including transplants and research work. The Eye Bank is responsible for gathering donated eyes from some 86 local hospitals in Michigan and then distributing the organs to surgeons on the Eye Bank waiting list. THE BANK has something of an image problem, according to Fuller, because the term "bank" is misleading; and conjures up horror- film visions of collections of eyes. "We don't actually bank eyes," Fuller said. "Normally the donated organs are used for transplants within 3 days." After a deceased person's eyes have been donated, the Eye Bank must preserve the eyes in a tissue-culture medium, within four hours of death, and then transport the eyes to the hospital for the operation. THE ACTUAL operation involves transplanting the cornea, the tran- sparent coating of the iris and pupil. Transplants are currently limited to correcting blindness due to disease or injury to the cornea, according to Dr. Roger Meyer, medical director of the Eye Bank.- "The cornea is simply a window that allows light to enter," Fuller said. "If the cornea becomes clouded, the light can't pass through and you don't see. It's that simple." Cornea transplants have a 90 percent- success rate, and can be repeated up to five or six times if the transplant is rejected, Fuller said. MORE THAN 70,000 people have signed donor pledge cards, but that figure may be misleading because "when the next-of-kin says no, it's no" even if a pledge card has been signed, Fuller said.4 Eyes that are unsuitable for tran- splants are used in medical research, Fuller said, adding "we want all eyes regardless of the age, health, or disease of the donor." Vangorder said that although she is still considered visually handicapped, she is now "100 percent better" after the transplant. "I'm learning again how to ride a bike. I'm still a lousy golfer but I can hit the ball," Vangorder said. Minority Services, combine programs. By PAM FICKINGER After weeks of discussion, the Office of Minority Student Services and Trot- ter House have decided to combine programs and staff to create a more supportive environment for minority students, according to acting Trotter House Director John Powell. Under the new system, the four minority student service represen- tatives have dual functions. They will counsel specific minority students, and will provide four services previously unavailable through MSS. THESE FOUR new duties include handling questions concerning data collection, financial aid, support ser- Pht vices, and academic issues, Powell Daily Photo by KIM HILL said. TOM MOOREHEAD, John Powell and Ron Aramaki (top to bottom) explain With representatives handling both the goals and new directions of Minority Student Services and Trotter House counseling and functional duties, their in the MSS office yesterday. See MSS, Page 2 TOD..AY Reagan think-alike contest, pOSTERS TACKED UP all over campus, are urging students to enter the Pompous Asse-hole Society's Ronald Reagan Think-A-Like Contest. The rules are simple. The poster states:' in 50 wnrds or less iiutifv the mnral recitiido nf (nr imniv Pompous Asse-hole Society is a non-profit, non-partisan, and non-flammable organization, which was founded early in 1981 to recognize and glorify the pompous and the asse- holes of contemporary America. 76 3-film The Campus Information Center in the MichiganUnion will open a telephone line tomorrow providing information on campus films. So if you want to know what's playing, women pursuing any professional or academic degree. Ap- plicants must have interrupted their education at some time for at least two consecutive years and must be admit- ted to the University when the scholarships are awarded in mid-April. The scholarships are awarded on the basis of strength of motivation, promise of impact in a chosen field, academic record, scholarly contributions, and financial need. Applications and more information are available at the Center which is open weekdays from 8:30 a.m. to 5 p.m. and until 9:00 p.m. on the first and third Monday of each month. The Center is on the second floor of the Huron Va1v Natinna1 Rnk Rilding on the nrner of North Libra, for several days. On Monday, a crab trap caught in one of the boat's propellers. When Ohai dove to cut the line, the shark moved in. "It-wasn't a big shark," Ohai said Tuesday from his hos ital bed. "I thought the best thing to do was go straight for him. I would never turn my back on a shark." He managed to fend off the shark with a knife, but suffered a bite on his right hand. Doctors later removed a piece of shark tooth. Ohai, 59, has been distinguished as a "living treasure" of Hawaii by a Buddhist mission for his mastery of one traditional Hawaiian art, deep-sea fishing. Ohai 'said he hopes to be fishing again by next week, because with the holidays coming soon, the price of fish will ,I I 3' I