Page 2-Wednesday, July 12, 1978-The Michigan Daily
Soviets press charges against dissidents
MOSCOW (AP) - Dissident Anatoly
Shcharansky was charged by a Moscow
court yesterday with passing state
secrets to an American reporter. A
separate Soviet court 100 miles away
accused the wife of another Jewish
dissident, Alexander Ginzburg, of
threatening the life of a witness.
Authorities pressed their charges in
the two trials amid a growing storm of
international protest, closing the doors of
the Shcharansky proceedings for
security reasons and ejecting Gin-
zburg's wife Irina when she shouted at
a prosecution witness, "God will be
your judge."
SHCHARANSKY, 30, faces the death
penalty on an espionage charge in-
volving an accusation that he passed
scientific and military secrets to known
American spies. It indicated Robert
Toth of the Los Angeles Times was one
of these. Toth has denied the allegation.
Ginzburg, 41, is charged with "anti-
Soviet agitation and propaganda" for
distributing books by exiled author
Alexander Solzhenitsyn and others. He
could receive a total of up to five years
in prison, five years at hard labor and
five years in Siberian exile.
The trials proceeded despite earlier
requests by Washington to call them off
and as Soviet Foreign Minister Andrei
Gromyko flew to Geneva, where he is
scheduled to meet U.S. Secretary of
State Cyrus Vance today for talks on
strategic arms limitation (SALT) talks.
"systematically turned over in Moscow
the above-mentioned information to the
West, observing measures of
precaution and secrecy."
ELEVEN witnesses were heard
yesterday, accusing Shcharansky of
"concrete espionage activity and
assisting a foreign state in hostile ac-
tivity against the U.S.S.R.," the
spokesman said.
According to some of the witnesses,
the official said, Shcharansky passed
on information to Toth. The instructions
were received through the diplomatic
mail of an unidentified embassy, the
spokesman said, and Shcharansky was
paid from overseas.
Pirbudagov did not mention Toth's
name, though it did come up in Mon-
day's proceedings. But he cited articles
written by Toth from Moscow for his
newspaper about parapsychology,
space research and genetic
engineering.
THE STATEMENT said Shcharan-
sky helped Toth make contact with and
to question scientists about alleged
secret work "worming out information
that is not subject to publication in the
open press."
After receiving a classified document
from a scientist, it said, the correspon-
dent was detained by Soviet authorities.
Toth was detained June 11 last year
after receiving a document from scien-
tist Valery Petukhov on parap-
sychology, the science of extra-sensory
perception.
He was then interrogated and signed
a protocol about his contacts with Sh-
charansky before being allowed to
leave the country.
In a statement from Washington on
Monday, Toth denied having worked for
any intelligence agency.
Scharanskv
Senate condemns Soviets' trial
SEVERAL senators in Washington
yesterday demanded a tougher ad-
ministration stand against the trials by
blocking technical agreements and
even suspending SALT negotiations.
In Moscow, court official Magomet
Pirbudagov read reporters a statement
saying Shcharansky was accused of
collecting secret data on the locations,
security classifications and officials of
secret military-industrial enterprises.
He said Shcharansky
WASHINGTON (AP) - The Senate
yesterday adopted a resolution con-
demning the trials of three Soviet
dissidents as human rights abuses and
appealing for a "humanitarian" out-
come to the cases.
About 37 senators joined in sponsor-
ship of the resolution that was in-
troduced by Majority Leader Robert
Byrd (D-W. Vs.), and more names
were added after it passed on a voice
vote.' The measure now goes to the
House.
EXPRESSING A "sense of the
Congress," the resolution declares that
the trials of Soviet dissidents Anatoly
Shcharansky, Alexander Ginzburg and
Lithuanian Viktoras Petkas "are mat-
ters of deep concern to the American
people."
"These deplorable events inevitably
affect the climate of our relations and
impose obstacles to the building of con-
fidence and cooperation between our
two countries," the resolution says.
The Congress, it says, "urges that the
Supreme Soviet and its leadership to
seek a humanitarian resolution to these
cases and to work toward improving
the climate in U.S.-Soviet relations."
THE RESOLUTION, which was also
expected to pass the House, came amid
a rising chorus of criticism on Capitol
Hill over the Soviet government's
decisions to try the three for alleged an-
ti-government agitation and, in Sh-
charansky's case, treason.
To a lesser extent, criticism also was
aimed at the Carter administration for
not taking what some senators feel is a
strong enough stand against the trials.
Meanwhile, William Leurs,sa senior
State Department official, told a
hearing of the U.S. Helsinki Com-
mission that the administration already
has had under consideration a series of
new moves to express U.S. displeasure
at the Soviet actions.
HOWEVER, Leurs refused to -say
what measures were being weighed,
except to exclude ongoing arms reduc-
tion talks.
Sen. Henry Jackson (I-Wash.),
urged that President Carter cancel two
impending technical agreements with
the Soviet Union.
Several other lawmakers suggested
such moves as suspension of the
strategic arms limitations talks and
U.S. withdrawal from the 1975 Helsinki
Accords. That agreement established
principles of human rights.
IN URGING A temporary suspension
of the SALT talks, Sen. Bob Dole, (R-
Kan.), said Carter should recall
Secretary of State Cyrus Vance from
Geneva "not to destroy SALT, but to
demonstrate our outrage." He also
suggested that Attorney General Grif-
fin Bell be dispatched as an official U.S.
observer to the trials, which have been
closed to outsiders.
Sen. Jacob Javits (R-N.Y.), a leading
sponsor of the resolution, said the
proposal did not rule out the concept of
"linkage" between human rights and
other U.S.-Soviet issues.
"We are committed to human rights
and we will apply our morality as we
feel it appropriate as we go along,"
Javits said.
In another speech, Sen. Clifford Case
(R-N.J.), said it was "unclear why the
Soviet Union persists in going down this
path. But the trend is disturbing and
requires that we take a close look at all
our relations with the Soviet Union."
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Milliken vetoes bill limiting
use of state scholarships
LANSING (UPI) - Gov. William
Milliken yesterday vetoed a bill restric-
ting state merit cholarships to students
attending Michigan colleges, saying the
measure violates the spirit of the
program and will not benefit the state.
Milliken, who received his college
degree from Yale University, said
academic achievement should be the
only criteria for making the awards.
THE MICHIGAN DAILY
volume LXXXvIH, No. 41S
Wednesday, July 12, 1978
is edited and managed by students at the University
of Michigan. News phone 764-0562. Second class
postage is paid at Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109.
Published daily Tuesday through Saturday morning
during the University year at 420 Maynard Street,
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 .Subscription rates: $12
September through April (2 semesters); $13 by mail
outside Ann Arbor .
MILLIKEN SAID 36 per cent of the
scholarships awarded during the 1977-
78 school year went to students at out-
of-state colleges while 26 per cent of
those awarded for the coming year will
go to students attending schools outside
the state.
"This bill places a restriction on the
merit awards which neither is con-
sistent with the spirit of the program
nor serves any state purpose," Milliken
said.
"The majority of the students
receiving these awards attend in-state
schools.
"The other students will favorably
repres nt Michigan while attending
schools across the country,anisome
will return to work in M iua A "