Page 2-Wednesday, July 12, 1978-The Michigan Daily Soviets press charges against dissidents MOSCOW (AP) - Dissident Anatoly Shcharansky was charged by a Moscow court yesterday with passing state secrets to an American reporter. A separate Soviet court 100 miles away accused the wife of another Jewish dissident, Alexander Ginzburg, of threatening the life of a witness. Authorities pressed their charges in the two trials amid a growing storm of international protest, closing the doors of the Shcharansky proceedings for security reasons and ejecting Gin- zburg's wife Irina when she shouted at a prosecution witness, "God will be your judge." SHCHARANSKY, 30, faces the death penalty on an espionage charge in- volving an accusation that he passed scientific and military secrets to known American spies. It indicated Robert Toth of the Los Angeles Times was one of these. Toth has denied the allegation. Ginzburg, 41, is charged with "anti- Soviet agitation and propaganda" for distributing books by exiled author Alexander Solzhenitsyn and others. He could receive a total of up to five years in prison, five years at hard labor and five years in Siberian exile. The trials proceeded despite earlier requests by Washington to call them off and as Soviet Foreign Minister Andrei Gromyko flew to Geneva, where he is scheduled to meet U.S. Secretary of State Cyrus Vance today for talks on strategic arms limitation (SALT) talks. "systematically turned over in Moscow the above-mentioned information to the West, observing measures of precaution and secrecy." ELEVEN witnesses were heard yesterday, accusing Shcharansky of "concrete espionage activity and assisting a foreign state in hostile ac- tivity against the U.S.S.R.," the spokesman said. According to some of the witnesses, the official said, Shcharansky passed on information to Toth. The instructions were received through the diplomatic mail of an unidentified embassy, the spokesman said, and Shcharansky was paid from overseas. Pirbudagov did not mention Toth's name, though it did come up in Mon- day's proceedings. But he cited articles written by Toth from Moscow for his newspaper about parapsychology, space research and genetic engineering. THE STATEMENT said Shcharan- sky helped Toth make contact with and to question scientists about alleged secret work "worming out information that is not subject to publication in the open press." After receiving a classified document from a scientist, it said, the correspon- dent was detained by Soviet authorities. Toth was detained June 11 last year after receiving a document from scien- tist Valery Petukhov on parap- sychology, the science of extra-sensory perception. He was then interrogated and signed a protocol about his contacts with Sh- charansky before being allowed to leave the country. In a statement from Washington on Monday, Toth denied having worked for any intelligence agency. Scharanskv Senate condemns Soviets' trial SEVERAL senators in Washington yesterday demanded a tougher ad- ministration stand against the trials by blocking technical agreements and even suspending SALT negotiations. In Moscow, court official Magomet Pirbudagov read reporters a statement saying Shcharansky was accused of collecting secret data on the locations, security classifications and officials of secret military-industrial enterprises. He said Shcharansky WASHINGTON (AP) - The Senate yesterday adopted a resolution con- demning the trials of three Soviet dissidents as human rights abuses and appealing for a "humanitarian" out- come to the cases. About 37 senators joined in sponsor- ship of the resolution that was in- troduced by Majority Leader Robert Byrd (D-W. Vs.), and more names were added after it passed on a voice vote.' The measure now goes to the House. EXPRESSING A "sense of the Congress," the resolution declares that the trials of Soviet dissidents Anatoly Shcharansky, Alexander Ginzburg and Lithuanian Viktoras Petkas "are mat- ters of deep concern to the American people." "These deplorable events inevitably affect the climate of our relations and impose obstacles to the building of con- fidence and cooperation between our two countries," the resolution says. The Congress, it says, "urges that the Supreme Soviet and its leadership to seek a humanitarian resolution to these cases and to work toward improving the climate in U.S.-Soviet relations." THE RESOLUTION, which was also expected to pass the House, came amid a rising chorus of criticism on Capitol Hill over the Soviet government's decisions to try the three for alleged an- ti-government agitation and, in Sh- charansky's case, treason. To a lesser extent, criticism also was aimed at the Carter administration for not taking what some senators feel is a strong enough stand against the trials. Meanwhile, William Leurs,sa senior State Department official, told a hearing of the U.S. Helsinki Com- mission that the administration already has had under consideration a series of new moves to express U.S. displeasure at the Soviet actions. HOWEVER, Leurs refused to -say what measures were being weighed, except to exclude ongoing arms reduc- tion talks. Sen. Henry Jackson (I-Wash.), urged that President Carter cancel two impending technical agreements with the Soviet Union. Several other lawmakers suggested such moves as suspension of the strategic arms limitations talks and U.S. withdrawal from the 1975 Helsinki Accords. That agreement established principles of human rights. IN URGING A temporary suspension of the SALT talks, Sen. Bob Dole, (R- Kan.), said Carter should recall Secretary of State Cyrus Vance from Geneva "not to destroy SALT, but to demonstrate our outrage." He also suggested that Attorney General Grif- fin Bell be dispatched as an official U.S. observer to the trials, which have been closed to outsiders. Sen. Jacob Javits (R-N.Y.), a leading sponsor of the resolution, said the proposal did not rule out the concept of "linkage" between human rights and other U.S.-Soviet issues. "We are committed to human rights and we will apply our morality as we feel it appropriate as we go along," Javits said. In another speech, Sen. Clifford Case (R-N.J.), said it was "unclear why the Soviet Union persists in going down this path. But the trend is disturbing and requires that we take a close look at all our relations with the Soviet Union." T", Q °, q +r Milliken vetoes bill limiting use of state scholarships LANSING (UPI) - Gov. William Milliken yesterday vetoed a bill restric- ting state merit cholarships to students attending Michigan colleges, saying the measure violates the spirit of the program and will not benefit the state. Milliken, who received his college degree from Yale University, said academic achievement should be the only criteria for making the awards. THE MICHIGAN DAILY volume LXXXvIH, No. 41S Wednesday, July 12, 1978 is edited and managed by students at the University of Michigan. News phone 764-0562. Second class postage is paid at Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109. Published daily Tuesday through Saturday morning during the University year at 420 Maynard Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 .Subscription rates: $12 September through April (2 semesters); $13 by mail outside Ann Arbor . MILLIKEN SAID 36 per cent of the scholarships awarded during the 1977- 78 school year went to students at out- of-state colleges while 26 per cent of those awarded for the coming year will go to students attending schools outside the state. "This bill places a restriction on the merit awards which neither is con- sistent with the spirit of the program nor serves any state purpose," Milliken said. "The majority of the students receiving these awards attend in-state schools. "The other students will favorably repres nt Michigan while attending schools across the country,anisome will return to work in M iua A "