Page 12-Thursday, May 10, 1979-The Michigan Daily
U.S., Soviets coneede little at SALT H
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WASHINGTON (AP) - With
negotiations on the SALT II treaty all
but completed, attention now turns to
the question of which side, if either, got
the better of the deal.
In the United States, the Senate will
pass the ultimate judgment on that
question. In Moscow, the Supreme
Soviet will decide, but its agreement is
a virtual certainty.
BRIEFINGS AND interviews with
administration officials and well.
informed critics of the treaty make it
possible to list the major concessions
mae by each side, even though a text
has not yet been published.
In the final analysis, it appears that
neither side gave up the major weapona
systems its military establishment
wanted.
The United States conceded defeat in
one of its early SALT II goals.
American negotiators could not prevent
the Soviets from catching up to and in
some respects surpassing the United
States in missiles with multiple
warheads (MIRVs).
THE UNITED States pioneered in
MIRV development in the early 1970s,
placing three warheads atop each land-
based Minuteman III missile. The
Soviets caught up while the SALT II
negotiations were in progress.
Now, the Soviets have a new
generation of land-based missiles, the
SS-17, 18 and 19 with six, ten and four
warheads, respectively. The new
American land-based missile, the 10-
warhead MX, will not be deployed until
1986.
The best the United States could get
from the 'Soviets was, essentially, a
freeze in their cuirent MIRV force. The
freeze will restrain the Soviets from
adding extra warheads to their missiles that fit into the same exemption toe r cu qa M51"0
or deploying more of them. United States insisted upon for its F-4 weapons on each side, rather than the
THE SOVIETS, in turn, agreed to and FB-111 bombers in Europe. unbalanced totals in SALT I. The totals
several key American demands. SECOND, THE Soviets gave up on are not as low as the Carter ad-
First, the treaty does not cover either their insistence that each of the new ministration wanted but they are low
the American bombers based in Europe American cruise missiles count under enough to force the Soviets to dismantle
or the strategic forces of American the overall limit on strategic missiles. some 250 operational weapons.
allies such as Great Britain and Fran- Under the treaty, the United States The United States also reserved the
ce, even though all of those weapons are would be able to mount an average of 28 right to develop the MWand the Trident
capable of hitting the Soviet Union. cruise missiles in a heavy bomber, or 20 submarine. And the Soviets, of course,
That American negotiating victory in a B-52. Each bomber would count as have the right to match all of those
became somewhat hollow, however, one strategic weapon under the ceiling developments. The history of strategic
when the Soviets began deploying in- of 1,320 for multiple warhead weapons. arms competition indicates they will
termediate-range Backfire bombers Third, the Soviets agreed to the U.S. probably do so.
MAN ACCUSED OF 'TREASON THROUGH... ZIONISM':
Prominent Jew executed in Iran
From AP and UPI
TEHRAN, Iran - A Jewish
millionaire was executed yesterday for
associating with "Israel and Zionism,"
while seven Moslems were also cut
down by Islamic firing squads.
Habib Elghanian, 61, known as Iran's
"plastic king" because of his huge in-
dustrial involvement, was executed in
the middle of the night, Tehran Radio
announced. The radio also said his
property had been confiscated and
would be used "for the benefit of the
people."
ELGHANIAN had been accused of
"spreading corruption" and of treason
through his connection with Israel and
Zionism.
The eight executions yesterday and
21 on Monday brought the total to 199
since the monarchy fell in February.
Political sources said the recent wave
of executions was intended to serve asa
deterrent to enemies of the
revolutionary government.
The others killed yesterday included
Rahim Ali Khorram, another
millionaire industrialist closely
associated with Shah Mohammed Reza
Pahlavi, and Gen. Abol Hassan
Saadatmand, who briefly served as in-
formation minister in the cabinet of
Premier Gholam Reza Azhari.
AN ESTIMATED 10,000 Jews have
left the country since Ayatollah
Ruhollah Khomeini toppled the Shah.
Before the revolution there were about
75,000 to 80,000 Jews in Iran, many with
roots going back centuries. "We are'
very frightened," said one Jewish
shopkeeper, who refused to be named.
"You're not going to get me involved."
A Tehran rabbi, who asked not to be
identified, said, "We hope this
(Elghanian's death) is an isolated
case."
The rabbi said he knew of no other
"prominent" Jew presently in custody
of Islamic revolutionary authorities.
The regime has arrested more than
7,000 former officials and collaborators
of the shah. They are being held in
prisons in Tehran and in key provincial
centers.
ISRAEL RADIO, however, said
yesterday that 100 other Jews were in
Iranian jails.
Other members of the Jewish com-
munity said Elghanian was apparently
picked out because "he was very rich
and someone had a personal grudge
against him." They said they believed
"this was not going to be the beginning
of trouble for our community."
Israeli Prime Minister Menachem
Begin praised Elghanian as a "good
Zionist and one who helped Israel."
KHOMEINI, despite his anti-
Zionism, has repeatedly pledged
religious freedom for Jews and other
Iranian minorities.
After the Islamic revolution, a Jewish
group called the "Society of Intellectual
Jews" suddenly emerged and announ-
ced its support for the revolt in an ap-
parent attempt to head off anti-Jewish
sentiment.
Several days after Ayatollah Mortez
Motaqhari, a close Khomeini colleague,
was assassinated earlier this month the
group held a memorial service at a
Tehran synagogue. The officiating rab-
bi repeated the Jews' allegiance to
Iranian Islamic Republic.
The majority of Iranian Jews are
merchants. Some run foreign exchange
establishments in Tehran.
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Confidentiality bill clears
Civil Rights Committee
From UPIand StaffiReports
LANSING - Legislation to aid high-
way safety researchers by protecting
the confidentiality of their in-
vestigations cleared the House Civil
Rights Committee Tuesday.
The bill, sent to the House floor on a
unanimous vote, is being sought by the
University's Highway Safety Research
Institute (HSRI). It passed the House
last year but died in the Senate.
HSRI STUDIES a large number of
accidents with investigations - by
several teams, said William McCor-
mick, the institute's director. One such
area of investigation involved collec-
ting data about the vehicle, the road,
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and injuries to occupants, if any, he
said. The studies are used to develop
recommendations for changes in car
design, highway layout and traffic
laws.
The ability "to develop solutions for
these public safety problems depends
directly on the quality and validity of
information developed," McCormick
said.,
McCormick, who described the bill as
a "minor" amendment to the Motor
Vehicle Code, said the bill is designed to
"protect the identity of those we inter-
view or obtain data from" if they wish
to be protected. "Candid" responses
"are of more value to the in-
vestigations," he added.
"IN MANY cases the involved in-
dividuals are unwilling to freely par-
ticipate in the research process unless
the information they provide can be
safeguarded against disclosure -
disclosure that could result in the in-
vasion of their personal privacy," said
McCormick.
In a similar sense, other individuals
or agencies with critically important
data are unable to cooperate with
research teams unless the researchers
can maintain the confidentiality of the
data to protect the privacy of the in-
dividuals involved.