Eighty-Seven Years of Editorial Freedom
420 Maynard St., Ann Arbor, MI 48109
Jerry
and
Jimmy's
Tuesday, September 14, 1976
News Phone: 764-0552
Leopold and Loeb beiln
Edited and managed by students at the University of Michigan
Flashback to Chile
THREE YEARS AGO Saturday the
democratic government of Chile was
overthrown in a coup d'etat led by
Augusto Pinochet. This anniversary
marks an appropriate time for us to
examine our policies toward Chile
and toward all of South America.
Salvador Allende, the Chilean pres-
ident, entered office. with a plurality
of the vote in a freely-held election.
An admitted socialist, he vowed to
raise the Chilean standard of living.
He was successful. In the process he
confiscated large land holdings and
turned them over to peasants who
farmed the land rather than leaving
it fallow.
He also clashed with the American
copper companies and increased con-
tacts with the Soviet Union. In 1973
he was murdered in the military
takeover. The CIA supported the re-
volt.
OUR GOVERNMENT and some of
our corporations have common inter-
Editorial Staff
By JEFF RISTINE
POLITICAL REPORTERS and column-
ists, having flexed their muscles
through thirty-odd primaries, two na-
tional conventions and the -first few as-
sults of the fall presidential campaign,
are now awaiting the televised Ford-
Carter debates with the eagerness and
impatience of children at Christmastime.
Theirntense anticipation, however, is
not being triggered by the widespread
belief that the question-answer sessions
will have the single most important im-
pact on the November outcome-although
that may be true. Nor is it the realization
that the three planned forensic show-
downs will instantly enlighten millions of
voterson dozens of campaign issues.
Anyone who has paid attention to the
candidates during the primary season
probably won't learn much from the
debates.
What the opinion leaders are really
waiting for, in fact, is the opportunity
to tell you Who Won. To prepare us for
their morning-after judgments, they've
been reminding us that Kennedy "won"
the 1960 contests; that Nixon's suit, shave
and sweat cost him the election before
he even opened his mouth. Perhaps the
James Restons, Eric Severeids and
James J. Kilpatricks should not be com-
pared to six-year-olds on December 24,
but to spectators eyeing Karl Wallenda
as he tiptoes above Yankee Stadium on
a long string of dental floss.
With a little background work, how-
ever, anyone should be able to take the
role of home plate umpire and develop
a good analysis of Ford and Carter's
debate performances, without any help
from the professionals. For those viewers
interested in being their own David
Brinkley, here's an advance guide on key
areas you'll want to watch:
STYLE-If the 1960 debates may serve
as a warning, this is the factor most
likely to be scrutinized following the first
debate, later this month. Ford will be
under much more pressure to make a
good showing than will be Carter.
To be fair, begin by' imposing a size-
able handicap on the man from Georgia.
His opponent is universally acknowledged
as a poor public speaker who cannot
think quickly and who often fails to say
what he intends to say. His delivery puts
peopleto sleep and his gestures are
mechanical at best. Carter is no William
Jennings Bryan either, but he usually
keeps an audience all the way through his
speech.
Because their relative speaking abili-
ties are fairly well established, therefore,
Ford, should not be penalized unless his
style is significantly worse than usual.
The President reportedly intends to re-
hearse the debates-as he did his ac-
ceptance speech-with his joke writer,
Don Penny, playing the part of Carter, so
it is quite possible that he will pick up
points for a better-than-expected per-
formance, even if Carter is still more
impressive overall.
Watch for the quality of being "presi-
dential," too. Ronald Reagan was able
to earn many primary votes partly by
acting more presidential than Ford did.
If one of the debaters resorts to childish
rhetoric, belittles his opponent unfairly
or deliberately falsifies the other's
record, count it as a minus. Those
tactics may work well in commercials,
but they are undignified for both potential
and incumbent chief executives.
SUBSTANCE - Far more important
than the style of the candidates' answers
to questions is their content. Politicians-
Ford and Carter included-have a knack
for avoiding the heart of a question and
veering off its target. Asked about the
future, they seize the opportunity to talk
about the past, especially if they can
criticize their opponent.
Quite simply, the candidate should be
expected to answer each question fully
or show cause why he cannot. Carter
will be asked whether he'll approve the
B-1 bomber-if you can't tell from his
answer, lower his score. Ford will be
asked about his stands on right-wing
planks in the GOP platform-and it's
not unreasonable to require that he
either repudiate them or embrace them.
THE ISSUES-Carter has become in-
creasingly specific concerning his stand
on the major campaign issues, but the
voters still perceive him as "fuzzy," a
tag Ford may try to exploit if given the
chance during the debates. Forget about
the much-touted "flip-flops"-most of
them have been exaggerated-and pay
attention to a few key individual issues.
Carter stands to lose the most from
your analysis.,
Perhaps the most important area to
watch will be abortion, an issue which
continues to dog the Georgian despite
his repeated attempts to distinguish be-
tween his private beliefs and his be-
havior as President. The pressure to
make his position even more clear will
be heaviest during the debates.
If Carter is to avoid a negative judg-
ment on "the issues," he must at least
make clear during the debates how he
will react to pressure for an anti-
abortion constitutional amendment as
President. If his answers to abortion
questions still leave doubt in your mind,
penalize him. It may be good political
strategy, but Carter will "lose" the
debates if he fails to use the opportunity
t banish forever his fuzzy image.
On most other matters, check to see
whether Carter's stands mesh with the
Democratic Party platform. His forces
wrote almost all of it, so there's every
reason to demand that he uphold its
planks as second nature. If he doesn't,
Pi7Lchet
Rob Meachum
Bill Turque
Co-Editors-in-Chief
Jeff Ristine..................Managing Editor
Tim Shick..................Executive Editor
Stephen Hersh ................. Magazine Editor
Rob Meachum ............... Editorial Director
Lois Josimovich..Ed.Arts Editor
STAFF WRITERS: Susan Ades, Dana Bauman,
Michael Beckman, Dana Bauman, James Burns,
Jodi Dimick, Elaine Fletcher, Mark Friedlander,
Tom Godell, Kurt Harju, Charlotte Heeg, Rich-
ard James, Tom Kettler, Chris Kochmanski,
Stephen Kursman, Jay Levin, Ann Marie Lip-
inski, George Lobsenz, Pauline Lubens. Teri
Maneau, Maureen Nolan, Mike Norton . on
Pansius, Kim Potter, Cathy Reutter, Ann N .: rie
Schiavi, Karen Schulkins, Jeff Selbst, Rock
Sobel, Tom Stevens, Steve Stojic, Cathi Suyak,
Jim Tobin, Jim Valk, Margaret Yao, Andrew
Zerman.
Sports Staff
Bill Stieg......................Sports Editor
Rich Lerner.. Executive Sports Editor
Andy Glazer........... Managing Sports Editor
Rick Bonino. .... Associate Sports Editor
NIGHT EDITORS: Tom Cameron, Enid Goldman,
Kathy Henneghan, Scott Lewis, Rick Maddock,
Bob Miller, John Niemeyer, Mark whitney.
STAFF WRITERS: Leslie Brown, Paul Campbell,
Marybeth Dillon, Ernie Dunbar, Henry Engel-
hardt, Jeff Frank, Cindy Gatziolis, Don Mac-
Lachian, Rich Ovshinsky, Jim Powers, Pat Rode,
John Schwartz.
Business Staff
Beth Friedman .............. Business Manager
Deborah Dreyfuss..........Operations Manager
Kathleen Mulhern........ Advertising Manager
David Harlan............... Finance Manager
Dan Blugerman .............. ... Sales Manager
Pete Peterson ...... Advertising Coordinator
Cassie St. Clair. ..... Circulation Manager
Beth Stratford..............Circulation Director
Photography Staff
PAULINE LUBENS Chief Photographer
STEVE KAGAN ............ Staff Photographer
SCOTT ECCKER ............ Staff Photographer
ALAN BILINSKY .......... Staff Photographer
ests with military regimes such as
those led by Pinochet. In Chile, com-
petition and free enterprise are such
a myth that when the people last
voted, they opted for a socialistic
platform. Under such political wea-
ther the U. S. is not thought of high-
ly and democracy becomes danger-
ous for our financial interests. There-
fore our tax dollars go to dictators
like Pinochet.
Needless to say, when democracy
becomes dangerous something is
wrong. The government of Pinochet
herded thousands of Chileans into
the soccer stadiums, where many
were killed and tortured. Citizens
were held without trial. Book burn-
ings occurred frequently. The United
Nations, seeking to investigate these
violations of human rights, was re-
peatedly refused entry into the coun-
try.
This ugly scenario was supported
by our government through the use
of our tax dollars. In short, we fi-
nanced a mass murder around the
same time that we condemned Lt,
Calley for My Lai. This is very hypo-
critical to say the least.
It is too late for the dead Chileans,
but it is not too late for us to ex-
amine the morality of our South
American policies. We weren't fight-
ing the Soviets - we were fighting
hungry peasants. And we financed
the deaths of many of them.
TODAY'S STAFF:
News: Phil Bokovoy, Pauline Lubens,
Jeff Risfine, Ann Marie Schiavi, Tim
Schick, Bill Turque
Editorial Page: Michael Beckman,
Stephen Kursman, Rob Meachum,
Jon Pansius, Tom Stevens
Arts Page: Lois Josimovich
Photo Technician: Alan Bilinsky
ebates:
funny
he'll need a good excuse.
GENERAL KNOWLEDGE - Again,
Carter will need to work harder to avoid
an unfavorable judgment, particularly
during the foreign policy debate. Ford
will attempt to portray himself as much
more knowledgable toward minor facets
chanceo fpolitics than is Carter, using
every chance he can to determine his
familiarity with world leadership, Con-
gress and the Washington bureaucracy
- favorable traits for anyone running
for President.
Don't dwell on trivia, but watch for
mistakes. Carter must be able to assure
voters he won't be a trainee for his
first six months in the White House. The
voters may want fresh faces in the
capital, but they don't care for total
strangers. Similarly, Ford's twenty-eight
years in Washington should seem ob-
vious during the debates, if for no other
reason than the fact that he's banking
on experience as a chief selling point 'in
his campaign. Subtract points if he ever
comes off as naive.
THE ELECTION-The polls portray
Carter and Mondale as all but invincible
in November, even if they oppose a
unified GOP. It would probably be fool-
hardy, therefore, for the Georgian to
attempt to broaden his appeal during
the debates, as he can't afford to alienate
any voters already on his side. That will
be Ford's task, as he must capture most
of the independent voters to win in the
election. The real test of the debates is
whether he can do it.
Carter, on the other hand, must use
the debates to solidify the support he
enjoys in the polls. If the debates per-
suade "soft" Carter voters to become
somewhat harder, the smiling peanut
farmer from Plains will undeniably be
the victor of the televised contests. And
it won't really matter much whether he
perspires above his upper lip.
ore stry
Nation- consultant for the Sierra Club,
the tim- initially opposed the Humphrey
lose re- bill, saying it "would do for
try and resource management what the
Circuit Tonkin Gulf Resolution did for
s Mon- foreign policy" - remove all
he For- legislative or iudicial safe.
d "from guards.
agency. But the specter of the even
ming to less restrictive House version of
ot over the bill, sponsored by Steven
uld con- Symms and John Melcher has
ould be made the Humphrey bill at least
palatable to most environmen-
ored by talists, who now view it as "bet-
d leave ter than nothing."
nanage- In an attempt to bring the
est Ser- House version at least up to the
of agri- standards of the Senate bill, an
d that environmental coalition has
erform- backed a package of floor
ice, de- amendments. They fear that
ould in without the amendments the
ndustry. House-Senate conference com-
ey bill, mittee may downgrade the
he Sen- Humphrey bill rather than up-
istained grade the House version,
which Whichever version is finally
ld sell approved this month, all par-
nber in ties agree that tree farms will
to the gradually replace more and
the for- more natural forests. By the
section, end of the century, when de-
Service mand may have outstripped sup-
ke good ply, the few remaining "unsci-
rcutting entific" forests may well be
produce curiosity relics.
On
By DON GARDNE'
TN AN 11TH-HOUR rush
gress is pushing throu
islation that would institu
ize the controversial tim
dustry practice of clear
- cutting all timber in
en area. The result, say
ronmental critics, mayt
permanent transformati
the appearance and m,,
ment of the nation's 18
lion acres of National F
Underlying the clear
legislation, though rarel
nowledged, is the quest
who will control the 90.
acres of "commercial"
forests - the publico
timber industry.
Conservationists oppos
both the Senate and House
cutting proposals ackno
that which ever version
proved this month, the ir
will already have won th
ting edge. For both ve
would give new, broade
sion-making authority t
U.S. Forest Service, a clo
of the industry.
The clearcutting issue,
has smoldered for 15
blazed into a full roari
gust 1975 when the U.S.I
Circuit Court of Appealst
a decisionrto ban clear
in West Virginia's Mononl
National Forest. The ruby
suited from a suit broug
environmental groups chl
that the U.S. Forest Ser,
whicheregulates publict
sales - had failed to ab
the Forest Service Organ
of 1897, which stipulate
only dead or mature tim
National Forests can be
mercially cut.
THAT DECISION, and
quent rulings in Alaska
Texas, struck at the he
the timber industry's don
method of harvesting lur
the clearcut.
Unlike selective cutting,
takes only mature growth,
regulating
R cutting fells virtually all the main
h, Con- usable timber in a wide swath grow
igh Con-of land. Remaining plants are demo
ugh leg- uprooted by mammoth bulldoz- prods
tin ers that push them into piles Sin
butting for burning. dent'
The clearcut land is then re- tal
a giv- planted with pine seedlings clear
y envi- grown by modern'high-technolo- berI
be the gy methods to product more pose
on of and cheaper wood fiber per islati
anage- acre. prac
'7 mil THE RECENT STRING of In
orests. successful court challenges to paign
cutting clearcutting has been hailed as publi
y ack- a major victory by environmen- ducts
ion of talists. Groups such as the Iza- chief
million ak Walton League and the Sier- on cl
puble ra Club have long argued that short
or the clearcutting, by exposing for- price
est topsoil to the sun, rain and as w
ed to wind, upsets the delicate bal- ment
clear- ance of micro-organisms and large
wledge results in water runoff that de- TO
is ap- pletes the soil of nutrients and contit
idustry minerals essential for subse- produ
he cut- quent growth. to sh
rdeci- Geology professor Bob Curry produ
to the of the University of Montana, Worl
so ally a leading center of forestry re- again
search, adds that "Through re- If
which peated cropping of trees (as in. natio
years, tree farming), repeated misuse fect
years, of the forest and soil resources, would
Fourth we can lose, utterly lose, the Arab
Fuh productivity of the land." ber
cutting Clearcutting is also charged woul
gahela with degrading water quality by perc
ng re- clogging rivers and creeks with In
ght by debris and upsetting the stable the i
arging forest floor that filters water porte
rvice- runoff. Fish and wildlife conse- vice,
timber quently lose their homes.
ide by Aside from the ecological ob-
ic Act jections, critics of clearcutting
s that point out that it leaves huge
ber in ugly patches of denuded land.
com- And the naturally variegated
forests are soon replaced by
subse- perfectly uniform, single-spe- To TI
a and cies "tree farms." As
art of Presi
minant THE $2.4 BILLION a year tim- in An
nber- ber industry responds that a n
clearcutting and tree farming Twen
which - or "modern scientific fores- dent]
clear- try" - are the only ways to Presi
scientific
a a:::. .' :x;" ::-.":s aa ..."..r.," :"a.4. .s " :a
Contact your reps
Sen. Phillip Hart (Dem.), 253 Russell Bldg., Capitol Hill,
Washington, D.C. 20515.
Sen. Robert Griffin (Rep.), 353 Russell Bldg., Capitol Hill,
Washington, D.C. 20515.
Rep. Marvin Esch (Rep.), 2353 Rayburn Bldg., Capitol Hill,
Washington, D.C. 20515.
Sen. Gilbert Bursley (Rep.), Senate, State Capitol Bldg.,
Lansing, MI 48933
Rep. Perry Bullard (Dem.), House of Representatives, State
Capitol Bldg., Lansing, MI 48933.
gesaamam mmgngheamammeo225m0mgggggagp
tain continued economic
th and to meet the public
and for lumber and wood
ucts.
ce 1971, when the Presi-
s Council on Environmen-
Quality first condemned
cutting, the powerful tim-
lobby has successfully op-
d all administrative or leg-
ve efforts to restrict the
tice.
a multi-million dollar cam-
n to sell clearcutting to the
c, the National Forest Pro-
Assoc. - the industry's
lobby - warned that bans
learcutting would result in
ages and skyrocketing
s for all wood products,
cell as massive unemploy-
in the nation's 'fourth
st employee industry.
PRESS the argument for
nued growth, the industry
uces voluminous statistics
ow that demand for wood
ucts has doubled since
d War II and will double
by 2000.
clearcutting were banned
nwide, they argue, the ef-
on the nation's economy
d be the equivalent of the
oil emborgo. Softwood tim-
production, they maintain,
d be cut by up to sixty
cent.
these forecasts of doom,
Idustry has a staunch sup-
r in the U.S. Forest Ser-
the federal agency respon-
etters
he Daily:
many of you now know,
dent Gerald Ford will be
n Arbor tomorrow to make
najor campaign speech.
ty members of the stu-
body will be meeting with
dent and Ms. Ford prior
s speech at his request.
meeting will be closed to
ress. Selection of the twen-
udents was delegated to the
dent of the Michigan Stu-
Assembly (MSA) by the
House staff. An article
aring in The Daily on Sun-
generated much interest in
election procedure.
y Blumenthal, vice-presi-
of MSA, and I undertook
ssignment of finding twen-
:dents to meet with Ford.
did so knowing that we
Id be unable, given the
e House time constraints,
olicit the general student
to find potential students.
vere not informed until Sun-
that it was to be our duty
moile the list. We ask now
those of you who showed
nterest in being included
ve us for being unable to do
attemoted to select stu-
sible for controlling the
al Forests and selling t
ber. Underscoring the c
lation between the indus
the agency, the Fourth
Court stated in last year
ongahela decision that t
est Service had changed
custodian to production
THE DEBATE now co
a head in Congress is n
whether clearcutting sho
tinue, but whether it sh
regulated.
The Senate bill, sponsi
Jiubert Humphrey, woul
all decisions on forest n
ment up to the U.S. For
vice and the secretaryc
culture. Critics conten
judging from the past p
ance of the Forest Serv
cisions on clearcutting w
fact be left up to the it
However, the Humphr
which easily passed th
ate, contains a "su
yield" provision under
the Forest Service cou
only the amount of tin
a given forest equal
amount of new timber t
est could produce. This
in effect, requires the
and the industry to mal
the promise that clea
and tree farming willI
greater yields, harvest
harvest - a promise
believe won't hold watt
V NVIRONMENTALISTS
as Gordon Robinson,f
t after
critics
er.
S such
forestry
Don Gardner is a freelance
writer on environmental topics.
Copyright Pacific News Service.
Ford will be queried by
20 University students
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sentatives will be present to
add their input and to report
on the meeting itself.
IN AN EFFORT to ask as
wide a range of questions as is
possible, I ask that those of
you who have questions to ask
of President Ford submit them
to the MSA offices no later
than Noon tomorrow, Septem-
ber 15, 1976. Please include
your name and address so
that, should they deem it feas-
ible, the White House staff can
respond to those questions we
are unable to ask. Amy and I
will take the questions with us
to the meeting and ask as many
of them as we can.
I would not desire to ever be
placed in such a difficult po-
sition as having to select twen-
ty students from 38,000 again.
Here are the twenty students
who will meet with President
Ford:
Ken Berneis
Medical School
Amy Blumenthal
Vice-President, MSA
Steve Carnevale
Engineering School Council
Ellen Fox
Michael Harwood
LSA Student Government
Don House
Word of God Community
Mari Hulick
Tenant's, Union ,
Llenda Jackson
Undergraduate Minority
Student
C. C. Leslie
Students for Ford
Pauline Lubens
Michigan Daily
Calvin Luker
President, MSA
Mary Masters
President, University Activi-
ties Center
Ken Parsigian
Michigan Daily
Enrique Reyes
Graduate Student Affirmative
Action Office
Anita Tanay
Women's Studies major
Anil Telang
Economics Student
Dan Tsang
Graduate Employee's Organ-
ization
WE FEEL that we have se-
lected the best people we could
on such short notice.
We wish to emphasize that
we selected the students be-
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