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Eighty-three years of editorial freedom
Edited and managed by students at the University of Michigan
Pass-fail reform
tangled in LSA
web'
420 Maynard St., Ann Arbor, Mi. 48104
News Phone: 764-0552
TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 27, 1973
A junta for a junta
FOR THE SECOND time in seven years,
Greek military leaders have seized
power in a coup d'etat toppling the exist-
ing regime.
Sunday's coup, however, turned the
Greek tragedy into a farce. Armed forces
broadcasts after the coup said the mili-
tary had acted because of new threats
to the nation arising out of deviation
from the objectives of the first coup of
April 1967.
The overthrown Papadopoulos regime,
in other words, was getting a little bit
too liberal for Greek military circles.
This "liberal" government, whose real
authority rested almost exclusively with
one man, George Papadopoulos, had tor-
tured its opponents, curtailed civil liber-
ties and forcibly suppressed dissent.
THE ARMED FORCES say they acted to'
save the country from "chaos and
catastrophe." This "catastrophe," we
must assume, lay in the miniscule degree
to which the regime had lessened the
severity of its dictatorial policies.
The purported "liberalization" took
place with the creation of an all-civilian
cabinet under right-wing Premier Spyros
Markezinis, the freeing of 300 political
prisoners and. promised elections at the
end of next year.
The fundamental nature of the Papa-
dopoulos regime was by no means
threatened by these developments. Papa-
dopoulos had maintained his solitary
control over defense, foreign affairs and
internal security. And he acted swiftly in
smashing the student and worker demon-
strations against his regime last week,
reestablishing martial law and killing
13 persons in the process.
The coup, in other words, merely re-
places one repressive regime with one
which will probably ruthlessly suppress
any dissidence whatever. In this respect,
the new military leadership will undoubt-
edly vie for honors with the Chilean
junta.
Nixon Administration officials an-
nounced shortly after Sunday's over-
throw that they had considerable fore-
warning of the coup d'etat. Serious ru-
mors of a possible overthrow attempt
apparently began circulating in Wash-
ington during the summer, and recently
Administration officials had received
strong indications that a move was immi-
nent.
THE U. S. HAD been a strong supporter
of the Papadopoulos regime, send-
ing $29 million in military aid last year.
Yet, even with it naval squadron in
Greek waters while the coup took place,
there seemed to be patent unconcern in
Washington over the change in govern-
ment. Diplomatic relations will continue
as before.
Such a situation hardly seems incon-
gruous in light of the fact that the newly
appointed premier, Adamandios Androut-
sopoulos, is an American-trained lawyer
and former Chicago resident who has
been described as having "close Ameri-
can connections."
But then, U. S. support for military
dictatorships around the world is hardly
a new phenomenon.
By ERIC SCHOCH
ONE OF THE more interesting LSA re-
gulations states that if you want to
change your marks in a course from a
grade to pass-fail, or vice versa, after only
two weeks into the term, you cannot. For
any reason.
The Administrative Board has been "di-
regted" by the LSA faculty government not
to accept any appeals regarding changes in
pass-fail status, after the first two weeks,
despite the fact that all other LSA regula-
tions may be excepted for "valid" scholas-
tic reasons.
Assistant to the Administrative Board
Harry Marsden says that this rule "does
not seem to be a burning issue."
Among many students it may very well
not be. But for George Glassman ('75 LSA)
it is indeed a burning issue.
Since the third week of this semester,
Glassman has been fighting a one-man
battle to get an exception in his particular
case, and generally to get the rule changed.
BECAUSE THE process of change is so
incredibly slow in LSA, he never had a
chance. He decided that he was getting
the runaround, and so became determined
not to quit. But it was not the countless
people in Academic Counseling who gave
him the runaround, it was, at the risk of
sounding trite, the unresponsive system
he was dealing with.
The rule was passed, according to Char-
les rJudge, Assistant Dean for Academic
ICounseling, "with certain intentions in
mind." Among them, he says, was to "make
sure there was no way of playing t h e
'grades game.'"
But everybody plays the 'grades game."
As Glassman pointed out to many figures
of authority during his odyssey through
LSA counseling, everybody knows of per-
"The most important factor in keeping educational reform
at a snail's pace has been the faculty government itself. It
always has, and no doubt always will fight innovation, no
matter how carefully thought out over how 'long a time."
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sons who have dropped troublesome cours-
es late in the term, with no pretense of any
"valid scholastic reason." All you have to
do is find a sympathetic counselor.
IS THERE any difference between drop-
ping a course to save your grade point
average and changing your pass-fail status
to help your grade point average? Judge
points out, "If someone drops a 'course,
they don't get credit for it."
That's right, but it is still playing the
is too strict, and would like to see it chang-
ed, but for my particular case, at this time
not much can be done."
The reason that nothing can or will be
done for George Glassman lies in the way
changes in the literary college come about.
Basically, they come about slowly. Rules
changes must be made by the LSA Facul-
ty Governance, that lumbering "town meet-
ing" set-up which, even when it can garner
a quorum, moves at a snail's pace when
considering academic reform.
"grades game," folks. What it amounts
to is that you can play the 'grades game"
in dropping courses because there is a pun-
ishment (no credit) involved. There would
be no punishment for changing pass-fail
status halfway through the term, so, sor-
ry, you can't do it.
To be fair, the deans and assistant deans
and counselers and special assistants to the
Administrative Board do not seem to look
at it in that way. In fact, it appears that
most of them want the rule changed.
"I'm personally very sorry it is worded
as it is," says Judge.
"I think two or three weeks is not very
much time. It's restrictive to say that there
will be no possible reason for exceptions,"
says Marsden.
"THEY ALL SAID they are glad I'm pur-
suing it," says Glassman of the people he's
talked to. "They are all sympathetic and
understanding, they all see that the rules
ther package dealing with the "undergrad-
uate experience," including the qdestion of
'pass-fail. There has been input into the
commission on the no-exception rule, al-
thought it is not yet known what they will
recommend.
THROUGHOUT THE time when theCUE
and Graduate, Requirements reports have
been "in the works," there has been no
other move to change individual regulations.
The result is a long, drawn-out process,
which while providing the time for the ne-
cessarily careful consideration of import-
ant issues, has not helped individual stu-
dents in the short run.
Of course, the most important ,factor in
keeping educational reform at a snail's
pace has been the faculty government it-
self. It always has, and no doubt always
will fight innovation, no matter how care-
fully thought out over how long a time.
The introduction of the rejected CUE
report states that ". . . the fundamental
principle on which the College should oper-
ate is that the primary responsibility for
his/her education rests with each individual
student." Unfortunately, this is still ap-
parently a minority view.
The more common view among the facul-
ty would appear to be closer in philosophy
to that of a professor remarking during the
student power upheavals at the University
during the 1960s: "A professor with no stu-
dents constitutes a class. Students with no
professor constitute nothing."
Time will only tell if the Graduation Re-
quirements report will be far-reaching
enough to merit faculty rejection. But no
matter what the faculty's decision, students
like Glassman will find that they are stuck
with whatever they might want changed,
because those in LSA academic counseling
who feel that changes should be made are
basically powerless to change anything.
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In addition, strong feeling exists in LSA
that changes should be made systematical-
ly, not one at a time. Thus, changes such as
alteration of the "no appeal" clause are
not made individually.
INSTEAD, CHANGES are usually sug-
gested in such broad proposals as t h e
Committee on Underclass Experience
(CUE) report last spring.
The CUE report dealt with the pass-fail
issue by suggesting that pass-fail grading
be dropped. Instead, it suggested that all
100 and 200 level courses be graded on a
pass-no record basis. That is, if you didn't
pass, no record of the course would appear
on the transcript.
Like most reform proposals, the CUE
report was rejected by the faculty govern-
ment. However, in recent months another
group, the Dean's Commission on Gradua-
tion Requirements, has been devising ano-
Squeezing energy out of the individual
Thorns instead of roses
THE VOTE OF the Big Ten athletic di-
rectors to send Ohio State to the
Rose Bowl is highly unfair to the UnI-
versity's players and coaches.
The Wolverines outplayed Woody's
boys Saturday, as was apparent to most
observers and borne out by the game sta-
tistics. The coaches and players worked
hard all season to win a trip to the bowl,
and fought back Saturday after things
looked pretty grim.
The vote went to Ohio State on a tele-
phone poll conducted by Big Ten Com-
missioner Wayne Duke. Eight out of the
ten athletic directors voting did not see
the game. They demonstrated shocking
ignorance about many particulars of the
Business Staff
RILL BLACKFORD
Business Manager
FLAY CATALINO............... operations Manager
SHERRY CASTLE . ............ Advertising Manager
SANDY FIENBERG................Finance Manager
DAVE BURLESON...................Sales Manager
DEPT. MORS.: Steve LeMire, Jane Dunning, Paula
Schwach
ASSOC. MORS.: Joan Ades, Chantal Banilihon, Linda
Ross, Mark Sancrainte, s u a n noe Tiberlo, Kevin
Trimmer
ASST. MGRS.: Marlene Katz, Bill Nealon
STAFF: Sue DeSmnet Laurie Gross, Debbie Novess,
Carol Petok, Mimi Bar-on
SALESPEOPLE: W e n d i Pohs, Tom Kettinger, Eric
Phillips, P et e r Anders, R o b e r t Fischer, Paul*
Schwach, Jack Mazzara, John Anderson
TODAY'S STAFF:
News: Chris Parks, Cheryl Pilate, Chip
Sinclair, Sue Stephenson, Rolfe Tessem
Editorial Page: Cindy Hill, Zach Schiller,
Eric Schoch
Arts Page: Diane Levick
Photo Technician: David Margolick
game when questioned by sportswriters
after the vote.
Several of the athletic directors indi-
cated they felt that Ohio State would
be the most "representative" team for
the Rose Bowl because of the injury to
Dennis Franklin. However, at this point
it is not clear that Franklin would be
unable to play in Pasadena. The athletic
directors made no attempt to discover
the exact status of Franklin's injury.
MORE IMPORTANTLY, basing the vote
on Franklin's injury is highly 'nfair
to Franklin and the rest of the team. The
implication is that the Michigan team
cannot win without Franklin-an insult
to say the least. Using the injury as a
basis for decision also has the effect of
placing the blame on Franklin when the
blame obviously lies with the athletic
directors.
For the decision could have been made
much more carefully. Instead of a hur-
ried telephone poll of athletic directors
who were basically ignorant of the game
itself, they could have met in Chicago,
and watched the game film.
Because they apparently cared little
about the Saturday's game and how the
teams performed, it would seem that the
athletic directors were acting on precon-
ceived notions about Michigan and Ohio
State.
The whole situation is extremely un-
fair to the team and the coaches who
worked all season to win a championship,
and then went out and outplayed their
opponent last Saturday. They deserved
better.
By PACIFIC NEWS SERVICE
I EN PRESIDENT Nixon flies
this coming Christmas season
to San Clemente, Key Biscayne or
his hideaway in the Bahamas, it
may be a drab landscape that he
will see beneath him. Indeed, if
the President has his way, the only
holiday lights in the Christmas sky
this year will be those of the great
Comet Kohoutek and Air Force 1.
The Administration's energy con-
servation strategy is clear. Fuel
shortages are to be taken care of
by squeezing the individual c o n-
sumer even though personal and
household use of energy represents
only a small fraction of total en-
ergy consumption in the United
States.
President Nixon has stated that
the key to the success of his plan
lies "in every home, in every com-
munity across this country." In the
words of John Love, the Admin-
istration's new energy czar: "We
have met the enemy and it is us."
HOUSEHOLD USE of energy re-
presents less than 20 per cent of
the total amount of energy c o n-
sumed in America. The industrial/
commercial sector uses more than
55 per cent. Transportation takes
up the rest. If the same degree of
attention were put into the indus-
trial sector as is now about to be
put into individual consumption,
the energy saving could be gigan-
tic.
Indeed, the Office of Emergency
Preparedness, in an October 1972
report, indicated that industry
could save up to 24 per cent of
its total energy consumption by
1980 if more care was used in the
industrial process. These projec-
tions were based on the assump-
tion that such energy savings would
not require the sacrifice of any
jobs.
Transportation is also an area
where a substantial energy-saving
effort would be fruitful. The inter-
nal combustion engine is notor-
iously inefficient. Trucks, for ex-
ample, use three times the amount
of energy to move a ton of freight
as do trains. In 1972, all modes of
transportation in' the United Stat-
es used 25 per cent of the nation's
energy.
BUT THE government's plan for
energy conservation in transpor~a-
tion focuses simplistically on the
individual driver. Significant gaso-
line rationing would impose gigan-
tic problems on working people.
Eighty-one per cent of all Amer-
ican workers must depend on their
cars for transportation to their
work sites.
Without the money to buy spec-
ially taxed extra gas, they may be
left high and dry. They will cer-
tainly be hard-pressed to find ef-
ficient public transportation to get
to work; for governmental priori-
ties have in the past short-changed
programs for mass public trans-
portation in order to guarantee pro-
fits for the oil, automobile, high-
way, rubber and. truckiig indus-
tries.
Thirty-two per cent of all basic
energy in the United States is
wasted in the generation and trans-
mission of electricity (where three
units of oil are required to provide
one unit of electricity), by inef-
ficient truck and auto engines, and
by obsolete industrial processes.
AND AS consumers reflect upon
the President's request to t u r n
down their home thermostats by
six degrees, they can think about
the billions of barrels of petroleum
gobbled up by the military ;n Indo-
china and the continuing top prior-
ity given to the often inflated needs
of the military services.
The current crisis has provided
the Administration with a good ex-
cuse to attack the environmental-
ists. In his Nov. 7 statement, the
President 'took the lid off almost ,
all existing environmental controls
on industrial pollution.
In order to avoid serious power
shortages in the future, the Presi-
dent stated, existing air quality
standards must be waived. Ener-
gy production must be maximisted
through the utilization of previous-
ly unacceptable "dirty" fuels like
high sulphur content coal and pe-
troleum and the, exploitation of
new energy sources like Alaskan
oil.
BUT CONSERVATIONISTS, of-
ten involved in the battles f o r
tougher environmental standards,
point out that they are hardly to
blame for the present crisis. They
have long recommended important
forms of government controls
which would have prevented many
of the current problems.
If the government, for example,
had pushed recommended legisla-
tion to reduce the weight of the
average American car from 3,500
to 2,500 pounds, the gasoline sav-
ings alone would total 2.5 million
barrels per day or the equivalent
of the total maximum daily produc-
tion expected from the first Alas-
kan pipeline, long opposed by en-
vironmentalists.
Brock Evans, director of the
Washington office of the Sierra
Club, recently stated: ". . . for
the long tern, Nixon is realy call-
ing for massive strip mining for
coal, massive destruction of t h e
land and pollution of the land and
water.",
IN ADDITION to household con-
suming units, the Arab producing
countries are also high on the
President's energy "enemy list."
But the current crisis in petroleum
supplies in this country is o n 1 y
modestly affected by the A r a b
oil embargo. Until January of this
year, the , Administration itself
maintained strict import controls
on the amount of Middle East oil
that could come into the United
States.
In 1972, less than five per cent
of all U.S. oil needs were met by
imports from the Mideast. Al-
though that percentage increased
to 10 per cent during the e a r I y
months of 1973, the sudden cut-off
of Mideast oil was not the major
factor behind the present energy
crisis. Administration policies -
favoring oil industry profits, pro-
tecting private trucking and trans-
portation companies, and failing to
encourage mass public transporta-
tion programs - set the stage.
BUT THE GIANT OIL companies
created the actual crunch. Whether
or not, as the Federal T r a d e
Commission charges, the oil grafts
deliberately contrived the energy
crisis, creating shortages and con-
sequent higher prices, certain facts
are incontestable.
Even as in-house oil publications
proclaimed the coming of an en-
ergy crisis, and industry executives
attacked the environmentalists, the
major oil companies acted almost
in unison in 1972 to significantly
reduce the operations of their re-
fineries. This unique "coin,;idence"
is now under investigation by the
Senate Permanent Investigations
Committee.
In his Nov. 7 energy statement,
President Nixon made no mertlon
of the skyrocketing profit state-
ments by the major oil companies.
But the fact is that the energy
crisis has been, good business fnr
big oil.
. THIRD QUARTER profits in 1973
increased 91 per cent for Gulf
Oil, 80 per cent for Exxcon,' SI per
cent for Standard Oil of California,
64 per cent for Mobil, and a whop-
ping 274 per cent for Royal Dutch
Shell.
For the high energy consuming
steel industry, things were even
better. U.S. Steel showed a profit
increase for the July-September
period of 183 per cent and Bethle-
hem Steel, 175 per cent.
While the American Zonsumer
may feel the squeeze of a future
energy crunch, the Administration
plans no major hardships. for big
oil or big business. For them, the
future shines brighter than it does
for the average American worker.
In spite of unprecedented o i1
profits, the Federal Cost of Living
Council now allows price increases
once each month to all segments of
the oil industry. Thus,. the predic-
tions that gasoline may cost.$1.25
per gallon by spring seem entirely
possible. And, once again, the low
and middle income people of the
United States will pay the bill and
do the suffering for this newest
crisis in American life.
Copyright 1973, Pacific News
Service.
L
Letters: Readers
blast Rose Bowl vote
I
To The Daily:
WAYNE DUKE has come down
from the mountain and there are
some new rules about the land.
Let everyone therefore be apprais-
ed of the Big Ten Commandments:
! Play thy first line from kick-
off to final gun. For what profit-
eth it a man to win 31-7 using
thine entire squad when thy foe
winneth 60-0 using only his first
line?
0 Thou shalt not win alone, but
shalt run up mighty scores against
thine enemies. For in this wise do
the Scribes and Pharisees know
of thy majesty.
0 Thou shalt not have a balanc-
ed and superior team, but rather
put thy strength in one or two
star players. For thus shall Ye
be judged!
* Heed the Holy Ranking of :he
Scribes, for though they write much
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and see little, their words s 'a a 1 I
triumph o'er the efforts of those
that strive in battle.
* Though a team shalt outplay
their opponents on the field of bat-
tle, lest they be ranked number
one from the start, their victories
shall be plucked from their grasp
and delivered unto their enemies.
* Thou shalt not be the under-
dog.
* Though thou defeat thine en-
emy on the field of battle, thou
must have friends in the Council
of the Pharisees.
* Thou shalt covet the glories
of thy betters and after they have
left the field, thou shalt secretly
conspire to plunder their glories.
0 Thou shalt betray thy sister
institutions and deliver theiz bou-
quets into the hands of their en-'
emies . . .
* Give up! Thy fate hast been
decided e'er the dawn of Saturday
breaketh.
-F. A. Johnson, grad
Nov. 26
To The Daily:
I WOULD LIKE to defend what
is probably a minority view on this
campus. I feel the Big Ten Com-
missioners were justified in send-
ing Ohio to the Rose Bowl. In 1972
both Michigan and OSU eazn lost'
one game and Michigan beat Ohio
State statistically. This year both
teams are undefeated with one tie
narrowmindedness
To The Daily:
RE: "Worm's eye world view
from outstate" - Nov. 14, 1973.
It may be hard to believe, Chris-
topher Parks, but I'm from a small
outstate town, and I know about
birth control! My parents helped
me make my first appointment
with a gynecologist a few years
ago - when I still lived in t h a t
town smaller than any you men-
tioned in your list (headed by Hud-
sonville), a town situated very
close to one city you named.
I realize that now since I have
been in close vicinity to the "edu-
cated and sophisticated few in'
places like Ann Arbor", you pro-
bably don't consider me a t r u e
representative of those outstate
areas, and you may think that con-
sequently it's okay for me to
know about birth control. But how
do you explain my parents? Are
they clinging to "quaint notions,"
as all outstaters are, in y o u r
mind? And do you expect anyone
to believe that my fellow outstat-
ers and I are here on this cam-
pus because our parents back in
our small towns believe that
"knowledge is somehow evil as
progress most assuredly is"?
In case you haven't, guessed, Mr.
Parks, I intensely resent your gen-
eralization which encompasses my
family and friends. Senator Byker
may believe in a "19th century
Some extreme narrowmindedness
and intolerance for the views of
others? Read your own editorials
some time, Daily staff. You have
condemned many a person, insti-
tution, and issue in y r time, but
your unjust criticism f my home-
town area was one criticism too
many for me to silently take.
-L. Simpson '74
Nov. 14
locker rent
To The Daily:
MANY STUDENTS may be un-
aware that the price of recreation
at the University has doubled since
last year. Renting a locker, which
provides safety and ease, n o w
costs 50 cents per 'day, a 100 per-
cent increase over '72-'73 rates. Dr.
Grambeau and other advisrs say
the hike was necessitated by ris-
ing costs. But they fail to consi4r
the fairness of such an expensive
fee to students who face limited
financial resources.
Isn't the administration concern-
ed about thefts in Waterman Gym?
The facility is unpoliced and pro-
vides a haven for thieves. Cloth-
ing and valuables are best protect-
ed in lockers, so why not encour-
age their use? A student consider-
ing that 50 cent fee will ofteiA try
to safeguard his clothing nearby
on the gym floor, offering a fine
.!
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