I
NEW STUDENT
EDITION
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NEW STUDENT
EDI'TION
I. LIX, No. 1 Ann Arbor, Michigan-Thursday, September 7, 1978 70 Pages, Plus Supplement
Regents.hike undergrad ees /0
By RENE BECKER
Inflation goes up, state funding goes down,
tility costs jump and, as a result, every year
niversity tuition is a bit higher.
The University Regents voted last April to
"ise per term tuition for Michigan residents to
965 for upperclass students-increasing both
itions $61.
BECAUSE THE state appropriation for the
iversity had not been set, the Regents waited
til July to boost non-Michigan resident fees to
.15 for underclass students and $1,845 for up-
rclass students-a $105 increase. All tuition
sts will include a new, $15 registration fee per
m.
Yor resident undergraduates this breaks down
a 12.1 percent increase for underclass students
fer the 1977-78 figure. For upperclass resident
_dents it means a 10.6 percent increase.
Nonresidents were not affected quite as bad,
r undergraduate nonresident underclass
idents the tuition hike is only a 6.5 percent in-
ease over the 1977-78 rate. For upperclass
nresident studentsit was an increase o per-
nt.
BY WAY OF comparison, in 1923, an un-
rgraduate Michigan resident in the school of
Literature, Science and the Arts paid $93 for two
semesters. By 1957 the rate had increased to
$250. But the past 20 years has been marked by a
'steady increase of about $40 on the average per
year.
The 1978-79 tuition rate can be seen as the
inevitable result of inflation, rising operating,
costs and a decline in actual state funding, ac-
cording to University officials.
In March, University Vice President for
Academic Affairs Harold Shapiro, the top budget
executive, told the Regents the budget was under
heavy strain due to:
* Unexpected "mid-year" cutbacks in state
appropriations;
* State appropriations which have not kept
pace (on a per student basis) with the overall
rate of inflation;
* Especially rapid escalation in cost of
utilities, health insurance, scientific equipment
and library books.
IN JULY, the State legislature approved an
11.69 million increase over last year's University
budget. The state appropriated the University
$133.8 million to cover main campus, Medical
and Dental Schools and the mental health unit
costs.,
University budget officials were counting on a
little more than the University received and
therefore something had to be cut. But rather
than increasing tuition more' than originally
planned,,'Shapiro said faculty wage increases
would suffer.
The executive officers and the Regents had
requested enough money from the legislature to
raise faculty and staff salaries for 1978-79 by an
average of 12.55 percent. But given the state ap-
propriation a 6.5 percent average increase was
the best the budget could stand.
In 1923, a resident LSA
undergraduate paid $93 for
two semesters. By 1957, the
rate had increased to $250.
But the past 20 years have
been marked by a steady in-
crease of about $40 per year.
COMPARED TO University graduate school
fees, especially in medicine and dentistry, un-
dergraduates came through the tuition hike vir-
tually unscathed, Medical school per term
tuition was raised to $1395, an increase of $355 or
34.1 percent, compared to the approximate 6
8.4 per cent increase for resident and non-
resident undergraduates.
In protest of the then tentative change, about
50 medical school students, dressed in white hos-
pital coats, confronted the Regents in May at the
board's monthly meeting. The six spokespersons
for the medical students rendered various aspec-
ts of their plight to the eight Regents before
television news cameras and reporters.
The students said financial aid was scarce;
many medical students are in debt, and if the
cost jumped by 34.1 percent many students
would be forced out of school.
REGENT THOMAS ROACH (D-Detroit)
defined the tuition situation for all students as a
"real tragedy." He said "all middle income
students are going to be priced out of this
University." But Roach claimed that the
ultimate blame for tuition increases lies with the
state legislature.
AT THE REGENTS' April meeting, when the
tuition hike was proposed, Regent Dean Baker
(R-Ann Arbor) said no one wanted a tuition in-
crease but faculty and staff salaries had to be
considered.
But when it came time to vote on un-
dergraduate resident tuition increase, Baker
was the only Regent to vote no. He*stated that he
voted no as a protest to the state legislature for
underfunding higher education in Michigan.
Also at that meeting University President
Robben Fleming said that under the present
state system of funding there is no way to avoid
tuition increases. Flepeing said that since the
state only provides the University with 58 per-
cent of its operating budget, the next big chunk
must come from tuition.
IT IAS THIS sentiment that moved the Re-
gents, at their June meeting, to pass a resolution,
sponsored by Regent Paul Brown (D-Petoskey),
expressing opposition to state legislation (Public
Act 105 of 1978) which grants up to $600 in public
funds to private, non-profit colleges and univer
sities.
Brown said it is "inappropriate" for the state
to aid private scholarship funds when "public
colleges and universities have been underfunded
by state appropriations for several years
(and) with the prospect of some sort of tax
limitation being passed in Michigan this fall.
Fleming explained that private colleges now
See REGENTS, Page 7
Judge to
rule on
GSA job
status
By SUE WARNER
After submitting evidence during
'arings this summer, University
:aduate Student Assistants (GSAs).
°e waiting to find out what they are -
udents or employees.
For almost two years, the Graduate
aiployees Organization (GEO), which
presents campus GSAs, has been
ithout a contract with the ad-
,nistration. In the meantime, the two
oups have been involved in a lengthy
gal battle before the Michigan Em-
)yment Relations Commission
!ERC), the legal body which
gulates state labor-management con-
VIERC ADMINISTRATIVE Law
Adge Shlomo Sperka has heard
;stimony from both sides during
aarings this summer. and is expected
make a ruling in the case around the
id of this term.
The key issue Sperka will consider is
whether the graduate students, wbo act
is teaching and research assistants at
the University, are employees or
See JUDGE, Page l1
Faculty to
guide ties
to CIA
Diaglogue
Students rehash their summer respite from books and classes at the inevitable meeting place, the Diag.
By RENE BECKER.
The faculty Senate Assembly was due
to consider this month adopting
guidelines to restrict relationships bet-
ween University faculty, ad-
ministrators, students and government
intelligence agencies.
But due to strong objections from
faculty members over the last set of
proposed r'eguatians, tl Senate
Assembly has postponed discussion of
the issue until October or November,
according to Shaw Livermore, Senate
Assembly chairman.
The University Civil Liberties Board
will write a new set of rules with the ob-
jections of faculty members in mind,
said Livermore.
The call for such guidelines follows
recent revelations of covert activities
by the Central Intelligence Agency
(CIA) and the Federal Bureau of In-
vestigation (FBI) here and at other
college campuses.
A national group which has pushed
for guidelines on the activities of in-
telligence agencies on college cam-
puses, the Campaign to Stop Gover-
nment Spying (CSGS), will hold its first
national conference this month in Ann
Arbor. The CSGS is a Washington, D.C.
based special interest group comprised
of more than 80 church and civil rights
organizations.
AMONG THE first documents
released last year by the CIA concer-
ning the University showed that the
agency conducted secret mind-control
experiments on University Hospital
patients in the early )1950's. In the
document, Dr. Sidney Gottlieb, a CIA
pharmacologist, stated that the
University was one of "five major poin-
ts where chemicals (usually LSD and
sodium pentathol) were being tested
and ARTICHOKE (the CIA code name
for one of their first mind-control
projects) work is being carried out." :
As the result of a Freedom of Infor-
mation Act (FOIA) request The Daily
received more than 200 documents
from the CIA last spring which detail a
variety of other agency activities on
campus including covert recruiting.
When the CIA secretly recruits on
college campuses, it uses a professor to
"spot" a likely candidate. Then,
without the student's knowledge or con-
sent, the agency initiates a detailed in-
vestigation of the individual assem-
bling information on the political views,
financial situation and various ac-
tivities of the potential employee.
THE STUDENT may be followed for
years before the CIA decides to make a
job offer. If the student is not asked to
join the CIA or if the individual refuses
the offer, there is evidence that the
agency retains the student's file.
Foreign students are frequent subjec-
ts of CIA recruiting for its clandestine
service - a practice the University's
Civil Liberties Board has labeled as
''particularly pernicious."~
On December 20, 1974, Gary Foster,
thep CIA Coordinator for Academic
Relations, mailed a letter to an uniden-
tified contact at this University asking
for "help in spotting candidates for an
intensified minority hiring program we
are currently conducting." Additional
evidence of covert recruiting dates
back to December 1, 1972 in a letter
written on University of Michigan-
Center for Chinese Studies stationery,
addressed to then CIA coordinator for
Academic Relations Harold Ford.
IN THE LETTER a University
See INTELLIGENCE, Page 6
Indi~an
By RENE BECKER
first of a three part series
After seven years of legal maneuver-
ng a class action lawsuit brought by a
,roup of Native Americans against the
Jniversity came to trial in Washtenaw
Circuit Court on August 21. If the court
rules in the plaintiffs' favor the Univer-
.ity may be compelled to provide a
complete education-including tuition,
Mousing, supplies, health and dental
are-to children of the Chippewa, Ot-
-awa and Potawatomi tribes of
4iichigan.
Circuit Judge Edward Deake, who
>resided over the five-day trial, said at
he close of the proceedings that a
tecision would not be forthcoming for
t least two months.
THE CASE BEGAN on August 5, 1971
:hen Paul Johnson filed a class action
uit against the Univeristy in
Iashtenaw Circuit Court on behalf of
ie children of the Chippewa, Ottawa
nd Potawatomi-the three major
American Indian tribes in Michigan.
In written brief, Johnson's attorney
lmer White stated it was his belief
hat a trust was established in Article 16
Of the 1817 Treaty of Fort Megis. John-
;on, a Native American of Chippewa
and Ottawa lineage, claimed his an-
cestors granted three sections of land to
the "College of Detroit"-the forerun-
ner of the University of Michigan-in
exchange for the education of their
children.
According to expert witness'
testimony at the trial, in September of
1817 some 7,000 Native Americans
travelled to Fort Megis, a large
military camp overlooking the Miami
River close to the Michigan-Ohio bor-
suit against
they may wish some of their children County Circui
hereafter educated do grant.., to the District Court
corporation of the college at Detroit for volved a federa
the use of the said College to be retained 1972, the federa
or sold .. .three sections of land." case back to the
Johnson claims that the three sec- In May 1973, t
tions of land-totaling 1920 acres-were court for a su
trust property, that the University rather that thec
Regents are the trustees, and the time. The Univ
children of the three tribes are the trust was creat
beneficiaries of the trust. 1817 treaty.Z
The lawsuit charges the Regents claimed that if a
never provided education for the not been dere
children of the three tribes. Further- trustees and th
more, the Regents sold the land, never Native America
accounted for the profit, and thermore, Daar
"comingled the trust funds with other existed at one ti
monies" using the funds for purposes abrogated tha
other than what was intended in the University said
treaty, according toJohnson. have had the o
THE PLAINTIFFS are asking the chil ren of the
court to do three things: force the. timJ or latches
Regents to account for the trust funds, their rustees du
relieve the Regents of their position as ON 'APRIL1
trustees and order the University to denied the Reg
provide the children of the three tribes written opinion
with a complete education including depending on th
tuition, books, supplies, food, shelter, trial, "this A
medical and dental care "and such rationally interp
other expenses incident to being a the plaintiffs' c]
student." claim." As to I
The seven ensuing years between the sity's claims the
date the suit was filed and the opening have to be prove
of the trial last month were a maze of On June 10,1
judicial red tape which resulted motion to "dete
primarily from a concerted effort by Class Action."'I
the University to have the case the class or who
dismissed. case.
The first move, however, was made The Universit
by the plaintiffs. When the University the class action
failed to respond to the lawsuit within son's status as
the prescribed 20 days, the tribes en- Potawatomi tri
tered a default motion against the blood ties to tha
(iNJIITIV26_
U' heard
it Court to Federal
because the case in-
d treaty. But on May 3,
al court remanded the
state court.
he University asked the
mmary judgement or
case be decided at that
versity claimed that no
ed in Article 16 of the
The University also
atrust did exist they had
lict in their duty as
at they have provided
ns with education. Fur-
ne said again, if a trust
me subsequent treaties
t trust. Finally, the
id although they may
obligation to teach the
tribes the passage of
s, had excused them of
uty.
1, 1974, Judge Deake
gents' request. In his
the judge stated that
e evidence produced at
rticle '(16) could be
preted to support either
laim or the defendant's
the rest of the Univer-
e judge said they would
ed in a trial.
1974, the tribes filed a
rmine the Propriety of.
This was done to define
o was a plaintiff in this
y filed a brief opposing
aand challenging John-
a representative of the
be because he had no
it tribe.q
ning class action. He ordered that the
"class shall be limited to persons whose
ancestry is at least 25 per cent Chip-
pewa, Ottawa and/or Potawatomi."
The court further ordered Johnson to'
notify the tribes' members of the case.
It was not until 1978 that Johnson was
able to produce to the court the written
response from the tribal leaders around
the state. After that litigation began to
move swiftly. The pretrial hearing was
held in May. The trial began August 21.
Students
arrive 111
full ftforce
By R.J. SMITH
For their families, a student's
first move into a dormitory is
cause for both celebration and
the shedding of a tear of two. As
fathers sternly warn their
daughter to "not stay up too late"
and mothers remind their sons
not to wash the sheets and the
blue jeans together, the freshper-
son hurries unpacking so he can
meet the members of his new
dorm "family."
Outside Mosher-Jordan, Mar-
vin and Dee Gross were helping
their dauther Linda move into
..... ,
m