I NEW STUDENT EDITION el tt i ai1 NEW STUDENT EDI'TION I. LIX, No. 1 Ann Arbor, Michigan-Thursday, September 7, 1978 70 Pages, Plus Supplement Regents.hike undergrad ees /0 By RENE BECKER Inflation goes up, state funding goes down, tility costs jump and, as a result, every year niversity tuition is a bit higher. The University Regents voted last April to "ise per term tuition for Michigan residents to 965 for upperclass students-increasing both itions $61. BECAUSE THE state appropriation for the iversity had not been set, the Regents waited til July to boost non-Michigan resident fees to .15 for underclass students and $1,845 for up- rclass students-a $105 increase. All tuition sts will include a new, $15 registration fee per m. Yor resident undergraduates this breaks down a 12.1 percent increase for underclass students fer the 1977-78 figure. For upperclass resident _dents it means a 10.6 percent increase. Nonresidents were not affected quite as bad, r undergraduate nonresident underclass idents the tuition hike is only a 6.5 percent in- ease over the 1977-78 rate. For upperclass nresident studentsit was an increase o per- nt. BY WAY OF comparison, in 1923, an un- rgraduate Michigan resident in the school of Literature, Science and the Arts paid $93 for two semesters. By 1957 the rate had increased to $250. But the past 20 years has been marked by a 'steady increase of about $40 on the average per year. The 1978-79 tuition rate can be seen as the inevitable result of inflation, rising operating, costs and a decline in actual state funding, ac- cording to University officials. In March, University Vice President for Academic Affairs Harold Shapiro, the top budget executive, told the Regents the budget was under heavy strain due to: * Unexpected "mid-year" cutbacks in state appropriations; * State appropriations which have not kept pace (on a per student basis) with the overall rate of inflation; * Especially rapid escalation in cost of utilities, health insurance, scientific equipment and library books. IN JULY, the State legislature approved an 11.69 million increase over last year's University budget. The state appropriated the University $133.8 million to cover main campus, Medical and Dental Schools and the mental health unit costs., University budget officials were counting on a little more than the University received and therefore something had to be cut. But rather than increasing tuition more' than originally planned,,'Shapiro said faculty wage increases would suffer. The executive officers and the Regents had requested enough money from the legislature to raise faculty and staff salaries for 1978-79 by an average of 12.55 percent. But given the state ap- propriation a 6.5 percent average increase was the best the budget could stand. In 1923, a resident LSA undergraduate paid $93 for two semesters. By 1957, the rate had increased to $250. But the past 20 years have been marked by a steady in- crease of about $40 per year. COMPARED TO University graduate school fees, especially in medicine and dentistry, un- dergraduates came through the tuition hike vir- tually unscathed, Medical school per term tuition was raised to $1395, an increase of $355 or 34.1 percent, compared to the approximate 6 8.4 per cent increase for resident and non- resident undergraduates. In protest of the then tentative change, about 50 medical school students, dressed in white hos- pital coats, confronted the Regents in May at the board's monthly meeting. The six spokespersons for the medical students rendered various aspec- ts of their plight to the eight Regents before television news cameras and reporters. The students said financial aid was scarce; many medical students are in debt, and if the cost jumped by 34.1 percent many students would be forced out of school. REGENT THOMAS ROACH (D-Detroit) defined the tuition situation for all students as a "real tragedy." He said "all middle income students are going to be priced out of this University." But Roach claimed that the ultimate blame for tuition increases lies with the state legislature. AT THE REGENTS' April meeting, when the tuition hike was proposed, Regent Dean Baker (R-Ann Arbor) said no one wanted a tuition in- crease but faculty and staff salaries had to be considered. But when it came time to vote on un- dergraduate resident tuition increase, Baker was the only Regent to vote no. He*stated that he voted no as a protest to the state legislature for underfunding higher education in Michigan. Also at that meeting University President Robben Fleming said that under the present state system of funding there is no way to avoid tuition increases. Flepeing said that since the state only provides the University with 58 per- cent of its operating budget, the next big chunk must come from tuition. IT IAS THIS sentiment that moved the Re- gents, at their June meeting, to pass a resolution, sponsored by Regent Paul Brown (D-Petoskey), expressing opposition to state legislation (Public Act 105 of 1978) which grants up to $600 in public funds to private, non-profit colleges and univer sities. Brown said it is "inappropriate" for the state to aid private scholarship funds when "public colleges and universities have been underfunded by state appropriations for several years (and) with the prospect of some sort of tax limitation being passed in Michigan this fall. Fleming explained that private colleges now See REGENTS, Page 7 Judge to rule on GSA job status By SUE WARNER After submitting evidence during 'arings this summer, University :aduate Student Assistants (GSAs). °e waiting to find out what they are - udents or employees. For almost two years, the Graduate aiployees Organization (GEO), which presents campus GSAs, has been ithout a contract with the ad- ,nistration. In the meantime, the two oups have been involved in a lengthy gal battle before the Michigan Em- )yment Relations Commission !ERC), the legal body which gulates state labor-management con- VIERC ADMINISTRATIVE Law Adge Shlomo Sperka has heard ;stimony from both sides during aarings this summer. and is expected make a ruling in the case around the id of this term. The key issue Sperka will consider is whether the graduate students, wbo act is teaching and research assistants at the University, are employees or See JUDGE, Page l1 Faculty to guide ties to CIA Diaglogue Students rehash their summer respite from books and classes at the inevitable meeting place, the Diag. By RENE BECKER. The faculty Senate Assembly was due to consider this month adopting guidelines to restrict relationships bet- ween University faculty, ad- ministrators, students and government intelligence agencies. But due to strong objections from faculty members over the last set of proposed r'eguatians, tl Senate Assembly has postponed discussion of the issue until October or November, according to Shaw Livermore, Senate Assembly chairman. The University Civil Liberties Board will write a new set of rules with the ob- jections of faculty members in mind, said Livermore. The call for such guidelines follows recent revelations of covert activities by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and the Federal Bureau of In- vestigation (FBI) here and at other college campuses. A national group which has pushed for guidelines on the activities of in- telligence agencies on college cam- puses, the Campaign to Stop Gover- nment Spying (CSGS), will hold its first national conference this month in Ann Arbor. The CSGS is a Washington, D.C. based special interest group comprised of more than 80 church and civil rights organizations. AMONG THE first documents released last year by the CIA concer- ning the University showed that the agency conducted secret mind-control experiments on University Hospital patients in the early )1950's. In the document, Dr. Sidney Gottlieb, a CIA pharmacologist, stated that the University was one of "five major poin- ts where chemicals (usually LSD and sodium pentathol) were being tested and ARTICHOKE (the CIA code name for one of their first mind-control projects) work is being carried out." : As the result of a Freedom of Infor- mation Act (FOIA) request The Daily received more than 200 documents from the CIA last spring which detail a variety of other agency activities on campus including covert recruiting. When the CIA secretly recruits on college campuses, it uses a professor to "spot" a likely candidate. Then, without the student's knowledge or con- sent, the agency initiates a detailed in- vestigation of the individual assem- bling information on the political views, financial situation and various ac- tivities of the potential employee. THE STUDENT may be followed for years before the CIA decides to make a job offer. If the student is not asked to join the CIA or if the individual refuses the offer, there is evidence that the agency retains the student's file. Foreign students are frequent subjec- ts of CIA recruiting for its clandestine service - a practice the University's Civil Liberties Board has labeled as ''particularly pernicious."~ On December 20, 1974, Gary Foster, thep CIA Coordinator for Academic Relations, mailed a letter to an uniden- tified contact at this University asking for "help in spotting candidates for an intensified minority hiring program we are currently conducting." Additional evidence of covert recruiting dates back to December 1, 1972 in a letter written on University of Michigan- Center for Chinese Studies stationery, addressed to then CIA coordinator for Academic Relations Harold Ford. IN THE LETTER a University See INTELLIGENCE, Page 6 Indi~an By RENE BECKER first of a three part series After seven years of legal maneuver- ng a class action lawsuit brought by a ,roup of Native Americans against the Jniversity came to trial in Washtenaw Circuit Court on August 21. If the court rules in the plaintiffs' favor the Univer- .ity may be compelled to provide a complete education-including tuition, Mousing, supplies, health and dental are-to children of the Chippewa, Ot- -awa and Potawatomi tribes of 4iichigan. Circuit Judge Edward Deake, who >resided over the five-day trial, said at he close of the proceedings that a tecision would not be forthcoming for t least two months. THE CASE BEGAN on August 5, 1971 :hen Paul Johnson filed a class action uit against the Univeristy in Iashtenaw Circuit Court on behalf of ie children of the Chippewa, Ottawa nd Potawatomi-the three major American Indian tribes in Michigan. In written brief, Johnson's attorney lmer White stated it was his belief hat a trust was established in Article 16 Of the 1817 Treaty of Fort Megis. John- ;on, a Native American of Chippewa and Ottawa lineage, claimed his an- cestors granted three sections of land to the "College of Detroit"-the forerun- ner of the University of Michigan-in exchange for the education of their children. According to expert witness' testimony at the trial, in September of 1817 some 7,000 Native Americans travelled to Fort Megis, a large military camp overlooking the Miami River close to the Michigan-Ohio bor- suit against they may wish some of their children County Circui hereafter educated do grant.., to the District Court corporation of the college at Detroit for volved a federa the use of the said College to be retained 1972, the federa or sold .. .three sections of land." case back to the Johnson claims that the three sec- In May 1973, t tions of land-totaling 1920 acres-were court for a su trust property, that the University rather that thec Regents are the trustees, and the time. The Univ children of the three tribes are the trust was creat beneficiaries of the trust. 1817 treaty.Z The lawsuit charges the Regents claimed that if a never provided education for the not been dere children of the three tribes. Further- trustees and th more, the Regents sold the land, never Native America accounted for the profit, and thermore, Daar "comingled the trust funds with other existed at one ti monies" using the funds for purposes abrogated tha other than what was intended in the University said treaty, according toJohnson. have had the o THE PLAINTIFFS are asking the chil ren of the court to do three things: force the. timJ or latches Regents to account for the trust funds, their rustees du relieve the Regents of their position as ON 'APRIL1 trustees and order the University to denied the Reg provide the children of the three tribes written opinion with a complete education including depending on th tuition, books, supplies, food, shelter, trial, "this A medical and dental care "and such rationally interp other expenses incident to being a the plaintiffs' c] student." claim." As to I The seven ensuing years between the sity's claims the date the suit was filed and the opening have to be prove of the trial last month were a maze of On June 10,1 judicial red tape which resulted motion to "dete primarily from a concerted effort by Class Action."'I the University to have the case the class or who dismissed. case. The first move, however, was made The Universit by the plaintiffs. When the University the class action failed to respond to the lawsuit within son's status as the prescribed 20 days, the tribes en- Potawatomi tri tered a default motion against the blood ties to tha (iNJIITIV26_ U' heard it Court to Federal because the case in- d treaty. But on May 3, al court remanded the state court. he University asked the mmary judgement or case be decided at that versity claimed that no ed in Article 16 of the The University also atrust did exist they had lict in their duty as at they have provided ns with education. Fur- ne said again, if a trust me subsequent treaties t trust. Finally, the id although they may obligation to teach the tribes the passage of s, had excused them of uty. 1, 1974, Judge Deake gents' request. In his the judge stated that e evidence produced at rticle '(16) could be preted to support either laim or the defendant's the rest of the Univer- e judge said they would ed in a trial. 1974, the tribes filed a rmine the Propriety of. This was done to define o was a plaintiff in this y filed a brief opposing aand challenging John- a representative of the be because he had no it tribe.q ning class action. He ordered that the "class shall be limited to persons whose ancestry is at least 25 per cent Chip- pewa, Ottawa and/or Potawatomi." The court further ordered Johnson to' notify the tribes' members of the case. It was not until 1978 that Johnson was able to produce to the court the written response from the tribal leaders around the state. After that litigation began to move swiftly. The pretrial hearing was held in May. The trial began August 21. Students arrive 111 full ftforce By R.J. SMITH For their families, a student's first move into a dormitory is cause for both celebration and the shedding of a tear of two. As fathers sternly warn their daughter to "not stay up too late" and mothers remind their sons not to wash the sheets and the blue jeans together, the freshper- son hurries unpacking so he can meet the members of his new dorm "family." Outside Mosher-Jordan, Mar- vin and Dee Gross were helping their dauther Linda move into ..... , m