EXAM FILES
'DISHONEST' ?
See Page4
Y L
Seventieth Year of Editorial Freedom
Daituj
SNOW, COLDER
High--37
Low--28
Cloudy, little colder, rain changir
to light snow or snow flurries.
QI. LXX, No. 82 t
ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, FRIDAY, JANUARY 15,{19&0
FIVE CENTS
TEN I
Soviet
Union
Called
Strongest
K rushchev
Sees
MVilitary
Cuts
-Associated Press Wirephoto
STATE OF STATE-Gov. G. Mennen Williams is shown as he
appeared in the state House of Representatives yesterday to give
his message to the Legislature. Williams called for a 29-point
program which Republican senators claimed was asking for too
much money.
W 17 1R11 SC. 1
Governor Presents 29-Point Plan;
Asks State Ballot on Tax Question
Gov. G. Mennen Williams asked legislators to call off the tax
battle and presented a 29-point social and economic program in his
hour-long speech before the joint session yesterday.
Noting the fruitless 1959 tax battle, he begged the combined
houses to put off the issue until Nov. 8 when voters can settle it on
the general ballot.
This was the first time in his 11 years of office that the Governor
has not called for any type of new taxes or increases in present
revenues. After the business activity tax had been enacted in 1954,
';Williams also did not request new
NSA Reports
With Soviets
A Russian-American student ex-
change program has been estab-
lished between the United States
National Student Association and
the corresponding Russian stu-
dent orgaization.
Applications are n w available
for an academic exchange of two
students to begin Feb. 7 and last
until June of this year. Another
exchanger program will cover the
entire school year beginning in
the fall of 1960.
According to the agreement,
neither organization was able to
announce the program until all
administrative details were solved.
Participants in the exchange
will receive free transportation to
and from the Soviet Union, and a
full scholarship for tuition, books,
room and board and a "modest
living allowance."
Students selected for the ex-
change must fulfill minimal lin-
guistic and academic standards
outlined by the host organization,
the Committee of Youth Organiza-
tions of the Soviet Union..
Applications and recommenda-
tion forms are available in the
office of the Dean of Men, and
must be returned there by Jan. 18
for the spring semester exchange.
'U' RegiisSet
Meetig Date
For January
The Regents are expected to
make a recommendation support-
ing Tyrone Guthrie's repertory
theatre at their Jan. 22 meeting.
They will head a breakdown of
the budget initiated from gifts
and grants since the Dec. 18
meeting.
Faculty and committee appoint-
ments, leaves of absence, gifts,
grants and bequests will also be
considered.
This will be the first Regents
meeting in history in which Dem-'
ocratic members have constituted
majority control of the board.
Control was shifted to the Dem-
ocrats when Regents Frederick
Matthaei and William K. McIn-
ally came into office last month.
levies.
Asks No New Tax
His previous messages hav e
asked for corporate oor personal
income taxes or intangible pro-
perty taxes.
Senate Majority Leader Frank
Beadle (R - St. Clair) predicted
last night the November ballot
probably will include two amend-
ment--the Republican sales tax
increase proposal and a Demo-
cratic plan for a corporate and
personal income tax.
"The people should have the
opportunity to indicate their
choice," he said.
A resolution to put the four-
cent sales tax proposal on the.
ballot has already been introduced
in the Senate by Sen. John W.
Fitzgerald (R-Grand Ledge).
Democrats Wait
Democrats have "no strategy or
plan as such," Senate Minority
Leader Harold M. Ryan (D-De-
troit) said. He explained his party
is waiting fore Williams fiscal
message (different from his budget
proposal) to decide on the best
way to "close up the gap between.
income and outgo." The message
will be given within a month.
Both Senators predicted failure
for any radical reapportionment
proposal.
Ryan called Williams' 29 recom-
mendations, most of which have
been made in previous years, "mat-
ters which we have to face up to."
Proposals 'Take Money'
"But, they're going to take
money," Beadle warned.
Williams, however, told legisla-
tors his budget would be within
existing revenues - "based not
upon needs but upon the inade-
quate realities." It will be roughly
$400 million.
His major proposal was for a
state economic growth act pat-
terned to fit the Haber-Upjohn
economic report in which Prof.
William Haber of the economics
department collaborated. It would
set up a state council of economic
advisors aid a joint committee of
the House and Senate to develop
appropriate legislation.
Asks Commission
Among other points he also.
recommended a state community
college development commission, a
state building authority with power
to' issuerevenue bonds to cover
coristruction costs and a nine-
judge appellate court with appeals
as a matter of right in criminal
Scases.
Williams' 55 - minute speech
touched off a Republican tirade.
Even before the Governor spoke,
Sen. Carlton H. Morris (R-Kala-
mazoo) labelled the address Wil-
liams' "swan song," noting that
the recommendations mean "more
and greater spending."
Morris Attcks
U.S. Seeks
Real Proof
Of NdewCuts
Slash May Reduce
Tensions in World
WASHINGTON (')-The United
States :caled on Soviet Premier
Nikita u. Khrushchiev yesterday to
back up his talk of military cuts
by joining in an international pact
for "concrete and verifiable meas-
ures of disarmament."
Khrushchev's announcement of
a plan to slash armed forces by
1,200,000 men "could lessen one
of the causes of existing world
tensions," an official statement
declared.
The declaration .made at the
State Department said since the
plan would be carried out without
inspection or international verifi-
cation there would be no way of
telling-in view of Soviet secrecy-
whether reductions were actually
brought about.
The State Department focused
attention on the fact that while
claiming a step toward disarma-
ment, Khrushchev "has empha-
sized that the proposed reductions
would in no way affect the actual
power of the Soviet Uion's ams."~
Stress Present Level
The statement also stressed the
fact that Russia, with a now
acknowledged level of 3,600,000
men under arms, and Communist
China "maintain the largest
standing armies in the world."
"This fact," the statement
added, "has been a constant
source of concern to those nations
earnestly seeking a solution to the
dangers inherent in the arma-
ments race."
By contrast with the mass of
Red manpower under arms, the
United States demobilized most of
its forces after World War II,
built up .again because of Red
aggression in Korea in 1950 and
then reduced strength again to
the present 25 million Level.
The State Department statement
focused on the 10-nation East-
West disarmament talks slated to
start in Geneva March 15 in de-
claring America's readiness "for
safeguarded disarmament."
Focus n Talks
"It is hoped," the statement
said, "that this announcement by
the Soviet Union is an indication
of its willngness to participate in
the forthcoming negotiations in
Sthe samne spirit so that world ac-
cord can be established through
concrete and verifiable measures
of disarmament, thereby removing
suspicions .and building real secur-
ity."
Past East-West disarmament
talks have been marked by dis-
putes over what the West contends
is the amount of control needed to
make disarmament foolproof and
meaningful.
First reaction among officials
here to Khrushchev's manpower
cut announcement in the Supreme
Soviet was that he is reorganizing
rather than disarming.
By G. K. HODENFIELD
Associated Press Education Writer
America's college presidents are
emphatically opposed to the dis-
claimer affidavit in the federal
student loan program.
They want the public to know
that-and to understand they are
not opposed to the loyalty oath, at
least not violently.
That stand, and the determina-
tion to remain calm, was unani-
mously endorsed last night at a
convention session of the Associa-
tion of American Colleges. The
AMERICAN COLLEGES MEET:A
Report Opposing A ffidavit Adopted
ROBERT W. WINTERS
... to speak for students
(
1600 at 'U'
Nearly 1,600 students will re-
ceive degrees at the University
midyear graduation exercises at
2 p.m. Saturday in Hill Audi-
torium.
Sydney Chapman, noted geo-
physical scientist and former head
of the International Geophysical
Year (IGY) Committee, will ad-
dress the graduates on "Interna-
tional Adventures in Learning."
He will also be awarded an
honorary doctor of science de-
gree. The degree cites Chapman's
work in mathematics, astronomy,
solar and terrestrial physics, geo-
physics and natural philosophy.
Chapman has served the Univer-
sity as a visiting professor in the
Department of Astronomy and as
a consultant to the University's
Research Institute, to which he
was recently appointed the first
senior research scientist.
Robert W. Winters, graduating
senior from Champaign, Ill., will
deliver the senior class response.
Following his speech and selec-
tions by the Glee Club, Dr. John
E. Tirrell, general secretary of the
University Alumni Association,
will address the graduates.
President Harlan Hatcher will
confer honorary degrees, profes-
sional and doctor's degrees in the
Graduate School and degrees of
all schools, including the master's
degree in the Graduate School.
association represents about 96
per cent of all four-year liberal
arts colleges in the country. About
500 college presidents and 200
deans attended the convention,
which ended yesterday.
Gives Problem
Here is the problem: the stu-
dent loaon provision of the' Na-
tional Defense Education Act of
1958 requires that a borrowing stu-
dent sign a loyalty oath, plus an
affidavit that he does not belong
to nor believe in any organization
which teaches or advocates the
overthrow of the United States
government by force.
Those two words, "believe in,"
have caused most of the trouble.
That and the fact that the dis-
claimed affidavit is so frequently
confused in the public mind with
the loyalty oath,
The college presidents say it's
one thing to pass a law about what
a person does, but it's something
,else again when you try to legislate
what he believes.
Not Loyalty Question
Nathan M. Pusey, president of
Harvard, said "one would get the
impression that those opposed to
the affidavit are opposed to pa-
triotism. The question isn't one
of loyalty at all. Both sides are
interested in loyalty, interested in
the safety of our government."
Pusey spoke out during discus-
sion of a report by the associa-
tion's commission on legislation,
The report, which was unani-
mously adopted, urged each col-
lege president to make clear to
the public and to Congress ex-
actly what its position was;
The report said the disclaimer
affidavit "places educational ad-
ministrators in a moral dilemma
of having either to acquiesce in a
procedure repugnant to their con-
science or to deprive their stu-
dents of aid that would otherwise
be available to them."
Refuse Money
The report noted that "where
loyalty and patriotism are sup-
posed to be involved, reason tends
to be supplanted by emotion, and
misunderstanding is to be ex-
pected."
President Hurst R. Anderson of
American University in Washing-
ton, D.C., who presented the re-
port, told the' convention "This
association is almost unanimous in
its opposition to the affidavit. But
Civic Theatre
Plans Matinee
Performance
Because of a heavy demand for
tickets, the Ann Arbor Civic
Theatre will open its special per-
formance of Bernard- Shaw's
comedy "Major Barbara," at 1:30
p.m. Saturday to the public.
Tickets for both the Saturday
matinee and evening performances
are on sale between 10:30 a.m. and
8 p.m. at the Lydia Mendelssohn
Theatre box office.
we (members of the commission)
feel that we should be calm, not
get histrionic and not stir up a
fuss."
Asks Patience
Anderson said also "if we are
just patient now for the Next
couple. of months it is our firma
belief that appropriate action will
be taken in this session of Con-
gress."
Soine association officials had
expressed hope that the commis-
sion report would be received and
approved without further com-
ment by the convention delegates.
Pusey, however, took the floor to
plead with the delegates:
"Do not dismiss this matter as
something that is settled and not
worthy of your further interest.
The affidavit is a blemish on the
education. act and the president
of each university is committed
to do what he can to remove that
blemish."
Health Service yesterday con-
firmed diagnosis of six cases of
Asian flu here..
But the outbreak continues to be
mild, Health Director Morley B.
Beckett reported. The infirmary
has housed 25 to 30 flu cases for
several days, discharging and ac-
cepting 8 to 10 students a day.
Dr. F. S. Leeder, head of the
state health department bureau of
dissease control, said the spread
of the disease could not compare
with the 1957 epidemic when ab-
senteeism ran as high as 60 per
cent.
He pointed out that "It seems to
be a mild outbreak although we
can expect concentrations'to crop
up locally. I figure this one as ani
easy one because anyone who got
the flu in 1957 can't get it again.
That cuts down a lot of the poten-
tial."
Dr. Leeder said the state health
department was not ,urging mass
inoculations as in 1957,but added
that it would be advisable .for
elderly persons, particularlythose
in poor health, and young people
to be inoculated against the di-
sease.
The symptoms are, according to
Dr. Leeder, a headache, high fever
and general body pains. He men-
tioned that the attack last about
three days, and bed rest is the best
cure.
Dr. Leeder said that three cases,
had been confirmed in Detroit, but
absenteeism is higher than usual
in factories and schools there and
in Flint and Saginaw.
Ann Arbor schools report a
higher rate of absenteeism al-
though this is not definitely as-
cribed to the flu.
There were no confirmed cases
of Asian flu at the Michigan State
University Health Center although
the total of bed patients was up.
To Reduce Russian
Troops One -Third
To Rely upon Nuclear Weapons,
Rocketry, Other 'Fantastic' Arms
MOSCOW f(P - Nikita S. Khrushchev declared yesterday
the Soviet Union today is the world's mightiest military na-
tion, ready and able to wipe any "country or countrise attack-
ing us off the face of the earth."
The Soviet Union is so strong it will cut 1,200,000 men -
almost a third of its armed power - from its forces and rely
upon an awesome array of nuclear wapons and rocketry, in-
cluding some "armaments never known to man," the Soviet
Premier told 1,300 cheering ,.,.
deputies of th Supreme Soviet
(Parliament).
Proposing the cut to the Parlia-
ment - it is certain to be adopt-
ed -- Khrushchev also claimed
that even more frightful power
is being built.
Weapon More Formidable
"The central committee of the
Communist Party and the Soviet
Government can inform you, com-
rade deputies, that though the
weapons we now have are for-
midable weapons, the weapon we
have in the hatching stage today
is even more perfect, even more
formidable," Khrushchev told the
special session.
"The weapon which is being de-
veloped - and is, as they say, in
the portfolio of our scientists and
designers - is a fantastic wea-
pon."
Khrushchev did not elaborate
on the "fantastic" weapon in his
2,000-word address, but he said
that "now it is qiuite clear that
the United Statesuof America is
not the world's most powerful
military power."
To Take Two Years
The Soviet leader said it was
assumed the planned manpower
cut will take "a year and a half, if
not two years, to carry through."
He said it 'should be done with-'
out undue haste and without cre-
ating difficulties for men to be
demobilized.
He also said the government
and Communist arty central
committee are studying the ques-
tion of adopting "the territorial
system of building our armed
forces." Apparently referring to a
sort of militia, Khrushchev said
such a system would provide the
necessary cadres and public con-
tingents trained to handle mod-
ern weapons and that such groups
would get their training outside
their working hours.
Asks Agreement
While Khrushchev expressed
hope for international agreement
at the forthcoming big powr
summit meeting in May, much of
his three-hour address dealt with
Soviet might, which he said has
developed to such a degree in the
field of rocketry and nuclear
weapons that bombing planes and
naval fleets are becoming obso-
lete.
"With the present development
of military techniques, aviation
and navy have lost their former
importance," the world Commu-
nist chief said. "These arms are
not reduced, but replaced. Mili-
tary aviation is almost entirely
being replaced with rockets.
Lapp Suggests
R.ussians Ma y
Orbit Bombs
WASHINGTON VP) - Nuclear
scientist Ralph Lapp speculated
yesterday the Russians may be
working on plans to orbit hydro-
gen bombs around the earth as
weapon satellites that could be
called down upon an enemy at
will.,
Dr. Lapp, a consultant on atom-
ic energy, told reporters this
thinking may be behind Premier
NIKITA KHRUSHCHEV
...issues new claims
Critics View
By PHILIP SHERMAN
Members of Congress in Wash-
ington and" an expert on Russa.
from the University agreed yes-
terday that Khrushchev's mes-
sage was an important propagan-
da thrust.
All agreed the United States
should not be cowed by Soviet
boasts and that the move was not
unexpected.
Prof. 'William Ballis of the po-
litical science department said the
Russians have been saying they
are cutting their land forces for
the 'last thirty years. They now
realize military strength is mea-
sured in missile might, though
they will retain adequate land
forces to fight in limited wars.
No Weakening
Prof. Ballis added reduction of
troops will not weaken the army
appreciably anyway, since the So-
viets have a reserve system much
more effective than that of the
United States. Many of the troops
set for release are service troops,
too.
Prof. Ballis pointed out the
money which would be saved by
the arms cut could be diverted to
increase p r o d u ct i on, one of
Khrushchev's p r i m a r y goals.
Americans do not realize how low
the Russian standard of living
really is, he asserted.
The million men who will be
released to the Russian labor
force will also give a boost to So-
viet production.
Russia is in a state of underem-
ployment, Prof. Ballis comment-
ed, and the workers are much less
efficient than Americans.
Accept Red Claims
Prof. Ballis said Khruschev's
boasts of the formidable weapon
which will in large part cut man-
power needs mustbe accepted.
In the same vein, Sen. Mike
Mansfield (D-Mont.), said in
Washington, "It would be far
more prudent to take Khrush-
chev's power claims at face value
than to underrate them."
Sen. Henry M. Jackson (D-
Wash.), doubted the Russians ac-
tually will cut the men, despite
their power claims. He comment-
ed, "Once again, Mr. Khrushchev
CALLED 'BLOODY MESS':
Exam Season Jams UGLI to Capacity
By ROBERT FARRELL i
The big study push-that is, the push for seats at the Undergrad
Library-starts today.
Students are advised to come early. Queues will form at 7:30 a.m.
outside the front door; the line to the snackbar will form later.
Or, if exam pressure is really heavy, students are advised not
to 'come to the UGLI at all.
'Bloody Mess'
One member of the library staff called even the past week "a
bloody mess," and students have different, and less printable, phrases
to describe the situation.
This local "population explosion" has had its effects on the
library staff, too, as the total circulation last week mounted to a new
high for the entire history of the library, 7,000 books.
In order to help students find places to study, the General Library
will be open additional hours during the weekend before the final
>: