EXAM FILES 'DISHONEST' ? See Page4 Y L Seventieth Year of Editorial Freedom Daituj SNOW, COLDER High--37 Low--28 Cloudy, little colder, rain changir to light snow or snow flurries. QI. LXX, No. 82 t ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, FRIDAY, JANUARY 15,{19&0 FIVE CENTS TEN I Soviet Union Called Strongest K rushchev Sees MVilitary Cuts -Associated Press Wirephoto STATE OF STATE-Gov. G. Mennen Williams is shown as he appeared in the state House of Representatives yesterday to give his message to the Legislature. Williams called for a 29-point program which Republican senators claimed was asking for too much money. W 17 1R11 SC. 1 Governor Presents 29-Point Plan; Asks State Ballot on Tax Question Gov. G. Mennen Williams asked legislators to call off the tax battle and presented a 29-point social and economic program in his hour-long speech before the joint session yesterday. Noting the fruitless 1959 tax battle, he begged the combined houses to put off the issue until Nov. 8 when voters can settle it on the general ballot. This was the first time in his 11 years of office that the Governor has not called for any type of new taxes or increases in present revenues. After the business activity tax had been enacted in 1954, ';Williams also did not request new NSA Reports With Soviets A Russian-American student ex- change program has been estab- lished between the United States National Student Association and the corresponding Russian stu- dent orgaization. Applications are n w available for an academic exchange of two students to begin Feb. 7 and last until June of this year. Another exchanger program will cover the entire school year beginning in the fall of 1960. According to the agreement, neither organization was able to announce the program until all administrative details were solved. Participants in the exchange will receive free transportation to and from the Soviet Union, and a full scholarship for tuition, books, room and board and a "modest living allowance." Students selected for the ex- change must fulfill minimal lin- guistic and academic standards outlined by the host organization, the Committee of Youth Organiza- tions of the Soviet Union.. Applications and recommenda- tion forms are available in the office of the Dean of Men, and must be returned there by Jan. 18 for the spring semester exchange. 'U' RegiisSet Meetig Date For January The Regents are expected to make a recommendation support- ing Tyrone Guthrie's repertory theatre at their Jan. 22 meeting. They will head a breakdown of the budget initiated from gifts and grants since the Dec. 18 meeting. Faculty and committee appoint- ments, leaves of absence, gifts, grants and bequests will also be considered. This will be the first Regents meeting in history in which Dem-' ocratic members have constituted majority control of the board. Control was shifted to the Dem- ocrats when Regents Frederick Matthaei and William K. McIn- ally came into office last month. levies. Asks No New Tax His previous messages hav e asked for corporate oor personal income taxes or intangible pro- perty taxes. Senate Majority Leader Frank Beadle (R - St. Clair) predicted last night the November ballot probably will include two amend- ment--the Republican sales tax increase proposal and a Demo- cratic plan for a corporate and personal income tax. "The people should have the opportunity to indicate their choice," he said. A resolution to put the four- cent sales tax proposal on the. ballot has already been introduced in the Senate by Sen. John W. Fitzgerald (R-Grand Ledge). Democrats Wait Democrats have "no strategy or plan as such," Senate Minority Leader Harold M. Ryan (D-De- troit) said. He explained his party is waiting fore Williams fiscal message (different from his budget proposal) to decide on the best way to "close up the gap between. income and outgo." The message will be given within a month. Both Senators predicted failure for any radical reapportionment proposal. Ryan called Williams' 29 recom- mendations, most of which have been made in previous years, "mat- ters which we have to face up to." Proposals 'Take Money' "But, they're going to take money," Beadle warned. Williams, however, told legisla- tors his budget would be within existing revenues - "based not upon needs but upon the inade- quate realities." It will be roughly $400 million. His major proposal was for a state economic growth act pat- terned to fit the Haber-Upjohn economic report in which Prof. William Haber of the economics department collaborated. It would set up a state council of economic advisors aid a joint committee of the House and Senate to develop appropriate legislation. Asks Commission Among other points he also. recommended a state community college development commission, a state building authority with power to' issuerevenue bonds to cover coristruction costs and a nine- judge appellate court with appeals as a matter of right in criminal Scases. Williams' 55 - minute speech touched off a Republican tirade. Even before the Governor spoke, Sen. Carlton H. Morris (R-Kala- mazoo) labelled the address Wil- liams' "swan song," noting that the recommendations mean "more and greater spending." Morris Attcks U.S. Seeks Real Proof Of NdewCuts Slash May Reduce Tensions in World WASHINGTON (')-The United States :caled on Soviet Premier Nikita u. Khrushchiev yesterday to back up his talk of military cuts by joining in an international pact for "concrete and verifiable meas- ures of disarmament." Khrushchev's announcement of a plan to slash armed forces by 1,200,000 men "could lessen one of the causes of existing world tensions," an official statement declared. The declaration .made at the State Department said since the plan would be carried out without inspection or international verifi- cation there would be no way of telling-in view of Soviet secrecy- whether reductions were actually brought about. The State Department focused attention on the fact that while claiming a step toward disarma- ment, Khrushchev "has empha- sized that the proposed reductions would in no way affect the actual power of the Soviet Uion's ams."~ Stress Present Level The statement also stressed the fact that Russia, with a now acknowledged level of 3,600,000 men under arms, and Communist China "maintain the largest standing armies in the world." "This fact," the statement added, "has been a constant source of concern to those nations earnestly seeking a solution to the dangers inherent in the arma- ments race." By contrast with the mass of Red manpower under arms, the United States demobilized most of its forces after World War II, built up .again because of Red aggression in Korea in 1950 and then reduced strength again to the present 25 million Level. The State Department statement focused on the 10-nation East- West disarmament talks slated to start in Geneva March 15 in de- claring America's readiness "for safeguarded disarmament." Focus n Talks "It is hoped," the statement said, "that this announcement by the Soviet Union is an indication of its willngness to participate in the forthcoming negotiations in Sthe samne spirit so that world ac- cord can be established through concrete and verifiable measures of disarmament, thereby removing suspicions .and building real secur- ity." Past East-West disarmament talks have been marked by dis- putes over what the West contends is the amount of control needed to make disarmament foolproof and meaningful. First reaction among officials here to Khrushchev's manpower cut announcement in the Supreme Soviet was that he is reorganizing rather than disarming. By G. K. HODENFIELD Associated Press Education Writer America's college presidents are emphatically opposed to the dis- claimer affidavit in the federal student loan program. They want the public to know that-and to understand they are not opposed to the loyalty oath, at least not violently. That stand, and the determina- tion to remain calm, was unani- mously endorsed last night at a convention session of the Associa- tion of American Colleges. The AMERICAN COLLEGES MEET:A Report Opposing A ffidavit Adopted ROBERT W. WINTERS ... to speak for students ( 1600 at 'U' Nearly 1,600 students will re- ceive degrees at the University midyear graduation exercises at 2 p.m. Saturday in Hill Audi- torium. Sydney Chapman, noted geo- physical scientist and former head of the International Geophysical Year (IGY) Committee, will ad- dress the graduates on "Interna- tional Adventures in Learning." He will also be awarded an honorary doctor of science de- gree. The degree cites Chapman's work in mathematics, astronomy, solar and terrestrial physics, geo- physics and natural philosophy. Chapman has served the Univer- sity as a visiting professor in the Department of Astronomy and as a consultant to the University's Research Institute, to which he was recently appointed the first senior research scientist. Robert W. Winters, graduating senior from Champaign, Ill., will deliver the senior class response. Following his speech and selec- tions by the Glee Club, Dr. John E. Tirrell, general secretary of the University Alumni Association, will address the graduates. President Harlan Hatcher will confer honorary degrees, profes- sional and doctor's degrees in the Graduate School and degrees of all schools, including the master's degree in the Graduate School. association represents about 96 per cent of all four-year liberal arts colleges in the country. About 500 college presidents and 200 deans attended the convention, which ended yesterday. Gives Problem Here is the problem: the stu- dent loaon provision of the' Na- tional Defense Education Act of 1958 requires that a borrowing stu- dent sign a loyalty oath, plus an affidavit that he does not belong to nor believe in any organization which teaches or advocates the overthrow of the United States government by force. Those two words, "believe in," have caused most of the trouble. That and the fact that the dis- claimed affidavit is so frequently confused in the public mind with the loyalty oath, The college presidents say it's one thing to pass a law about what a person does, but it's something ,else again when you try to legislate what he believes. Not Loyalty Question Nathan M. Pusey, president of Harvard, said "one would get the impression that those opposed to the affidavit are opposed to pa- triotism. The question isn't one of loyalty at all. Both sides are interested in loyalty, interested in the safety of our government." Pusey spoke out during discus- sion of a report by the associa- tion's commission on legislation, The report, which was unani- mously adopted, urged each col- lege president to make clear to the public and to Congress ex- actly what its position was; The report said the disclaimer affidavit "places educational ad- ministrators in a moral dilemma of having either to acquiesce in a procedure repugnant to their con- science or to deprive their stu- dents of aid that would otherwise be available to them." Refuse Money The report noted that "where loyalty and patriotism are sup- posed to be involved, reason tends to be supplanted by emotion, and misunderstanding is to be ex- pected." President Hurst R. Anderson of American University in Washing- ton, D.C., who presented the re- port, told the' convention "This association is almost unanimous in its opposition to the affidavit. But Civic Theatre Plans Matinee Performance Because of a heavy demand for tickets, the Ann Arbor Civic Theatre will open its special per- formance of Bernard- Shaw's comedy "Major Barbara," at 1:30 p.m. Saturday to the public. Tickets for both the Saturday matinee and evening performances are on sale between 10:30 a.m. and 8 p.m. at the Lydia Mendelssohn Theatre box office. we (members of the commission) feel that we should be calm, not get histrionic and not stir up a fuss." Asks Patience Anderson said also "if we are just patient now for the Next couple. of months it is our firma belief that appropriate action will be taken in this session of Con- gress." Soine association officials had expressed hope that the commis- sion report would be received and approved without further com- ment by the convention delegates. Pusey, however, took the floor to plead with the delegates: "Do not dismiss this matter as something that is settled and not worthy of your further interest. The affidavit is a blemish on the education. act and the president of each university is committed to do what he can to remove that blemish." Health Service yesterday con- firmed diagnosis of six cases of Asian flu here.. But the outbreak continues to be mild, Health Director Morley B. Beckett reported. The infirmary has housed 25 to 30 flu cases for several days, discharging and ac- cepting 8 to 10 students a day. Dr. F. S. Leeder, head of the state health department bureau of dissease control, said the spread of the disease could not compare with the 1957 epidemic when ab- senteeism ran as high as 60 per cent. He pointed out that "It seems to be a mild outbreak although we can expect concentrations'to crop up locally. I figure this one as ani easy one because anyone who got the flu in 1957 can't get it again. That cuts down a lot of the poten- tial." Dr. Leeder said the state health department was not ,urging mass inoculations as in 1957,but added that it would be advisable .for elderly persons, particularlythose in poor health, and young people to be inoculated against the di- sease. The symptoms are, according to Dr. Leeder, a headache, high fever and general body pains. He men- tioned that the attack last about three days, and bed rest is the best cure. Dr. Leeder said that three cases, had been confirmed in Detroit, but absenteeism is higher than usual in factories and schools there and in Flint and Saginaw. Ann Arbor schools report a higher rate of absenteeism al- though this is not definitely as- cribed to the flu. There were no confirmed cases of Asian flu at the Michigan State University Health Center although the total of bed patients was up. To Reduce Russian Troops One -Third To Rely upon Nuclear Weapons, Rocketry, Other 'Fantastic' Arms MOSCOW f(P - Nikita S. Khrushchev declared yesterday the Soviet Union today is the world's mightiest military na- tion, ready and able to wipe any "country or countrise attack- ing us off the face of the earth." The Soviet Union is so strong it will cut 1,200,000 men - almost a third of its armed power - from its forces and rely upon an awesome array of nuclear wapons and rocketry, in- cluding some "armaments never known to man," the Soviet Premier told 1,300 cheering ,.,. deputies of th Supreme Soviet (Parliament). Proposing the cut to the Parlia- ment - it is certain to be adopt- ed -- Khrushchev also claimed that even more frightful power is being built. Weapon More Formidable "The central committee of the Communist Party and the Soviet Government can inform you, com- rade deputies, that though the weapons we now have are for- midable weapons, the weapon we have in the hatching stage today is even more perfect, even more formidable," Khrushchev told the special session. "The weapon which is being de- veloped - and is, as they say, in the portfolio of our scientists and designers - is a fantastic wea- pon." Khrushchev did not elaborate on the "fantastic" weapon in his 2,000-word address, but he said that "now it is qiuite clear that the United Statesuof America is not the world's most powerful military power." To Take Two Years The Soviet leader said it was assumed the planned manpower cut will take "a year and a half, if not two years, to carry through." He said it 'should be done with-' out undue haste and without cre- ating difficulties for men to be demobilized. He also said the government and Communist arty central committee are studying the ques- tion of adopting "the territorial system of building our armed forces." Apparently referring to a sort of militia, Khrushchev said such a system would provide the necessary cadres and public con- tingents trained to handle mod- ern weapons and that such groups would get their training outside their working hours. Asks Agreement While Khrushchev expressed hope for international agreement at the forthcoming big powr summit meeting in May, much of his three-hour address dealt with Soviet might, which he said has developed to such a degree in the field of rocketry and nuclear weapons that bombing planes and naval fleets are becoming obso- lete. "With the present development of military techniques, aviation and navy have lost their former importance," the world Commu- nist chief said. "These arms are not reduced, but replaced. Mili- tary aviation is almost entirely being replaced with rockets. Lapp Suggests R.ussians Ma y Orbit Bombs WASHINGTON VP) - Nuclear scientist Ralph Lapp speculated yesterday the Russians may be working on plans to orbit hydro- gen bombs around the earth as weapon satellites that could be called down upon an enemy at will., Dr. Lapp, a consultant on atom- ic energy, told reporters this thinking may be behind Premier NIKITA KHRUSHCHEV ...issues new claims Critics View By PHILIP SHERMAN Members of Congress in Wash- ington and" an expert on Russa. from the University agreed yes- terday that Khrushchev's mes- sage was an important propagan- da thrust. All agreed the United States should not be cowed by Soviet boasts and that the move was not unexpected. Prof. 'William Ballis of the po- litical science department said the Russians have been saying they are cutting their land forces for the 'last thirty years. They now realize military strength is mea- sured in missile might, though they will retain adequate land forces to fight in limited wars. No Weakening Prof. Ballis added reduction of troops will not weaken the army appreciably anyway, since the So- viets have a reserve system much more effective than that of the United States. Many of the troops set for release are service troops, too. Prof. Ballis pointed out the money which would be saved by the arms cut could be diverted to increase p r o d u ct i on, one of Khrushchev's p r i m a r y goals. Americans do not realize how low the Russian standard of living really is, he asserted. The million men who will be released to the Russian labor force will also give a boost to So- viet production. Russia is in a state of underem- ployment, Prof. Ballis comment- ed, and the workers are much less efficient than Americans. Accept Red Claims Prof. Ballis said Khruschev's boasts of the formidable weapon which will in large part cut man- power needs mustbe accepted. In the same vein, Sen. Mike Mansfield (D-Mont.), said in Washington, "It would be far more prudent to take Khrush- chev's power claims at face value than to underrate them." Sen. Henry M. Jackson (D- Wash.), doubted the Russians ac- tually will cut the men, despite their power claims. He comment- ed, "Once again, Mr. Khrushchev CALLED 'BLOODY MESS': Exam Season Jams UGLI to Capacity By ROBERT FARRELL i The big study push-that is, the push for seats at the Undergrad Library-starts today. Students are advised to come early. Queues will form at 7:30 a.m. outside the front door; the line to the snackbar will form later. Or, if exam pressure is really heavy, students are advised not to 'come to the UGLI at all. 'Bloody Mess' One member of the library staff called even the past week "a bloody mess," and students have different, and less printable, phrases to describe the situation. This local "population explosion" has had its effects on the library staff, too, as the total circulation last week mounted to a new high for the entire history of the library, 7,000 books. In order to help students find places to study, the General Library will be open additional hours during the weekend before the final >: