BOMB TESTS
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See Page 4
Seventieth Year of Editorial Freedom
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VOL. LXX. No. 154
ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SUNDAY, MAY 8, 1960
FIVE CENTS
SIX PA
S
THE AMERICAN VOTER
U.S.
To
Resume Atomic
Tests
By PROF. SAMUEL BARNES
"The American Voter" is a
study of American political be-
havior based on extended inter-
views carried out with samples
of the American electorate dur-
ing the presidential years 1948,
1952 and 1956 by the Univer-
sity's Survey Research Center.
Utilizing materials from all of
these election surveys, the au-
thors have attempted not only
to describe the behavior of the
electorate during the 1956 presi-
dential campaign but also to
place their data in a theoretical
framework which permits them
to generalize about the behavior
of the American electorate.
Survey Research Center is
probably the foremost research
center of its type in the world.
The technical skill employed in
the collection of data and the
scholarly detachment of its
work set extremely high stand-
ards for public opinion research,
and the present work more than
lives up to the high expecta-
tions its preparation fhas
aroused.
Research Staff
All of the authors of the book
are on the staff of Survey Re-
search Center. The director of
the Center, Prof. Angus Camp-
bell, is of the psychology and
sociology departments. Prof.
Warren E. Miller and Donald E.
Stokes are both members of the
faculty of the political science
department. The fourth author,
Philip E. Converse, a study di-
rector at the Center, is curently
a Fulbright Fellow in France.
While the present work is
drawn primarily from the elec-
tion surveys of 1952 and 1956,
it utilizes materials from all the
political studies the Center has
carried out, including a less ex-
tensive survey of the 1948 elec-
tion. These surveys involve
lengthy interviews with a care-
fully selected sample of the
American electorate. The 1956
survey, for example, included
interviews with about 2.000 per-
sons who were probed deeply on
a wide range of questions con-
cerning their political orienta-
tions, degree of political in-
volvement,. group affiliations.
and reactions to the personal-
ities and issues of the campaign.
Pertinent Generalizations
While the authors were pri-
marily interested in generaliza-
tions about the American elec-
torate rather than predicting
the outcome of the present
campaign, a number of their
findings are particularly per-
tinent to this presidential elec-
tion year.
Their findings concerning the
Catholic voter, for example, are
especially interesting.
In the presidential race of
1956 a majority of Catholics
voted for the Republican candi-
date. However, it was a bare
majority, whereas the popula-
tion as a whole voted 57% for
President Dwight D. Eisenhow-
er. Thus Catholics are still more
Democratic than the rest of the
population. But if the Catholic
vote is controlled for life situa-
tion, that is, if the Catholic
voters are compared to a non-
Catholic group with the same
educational attainments, en-
vironment and socio-economic
status, half of this difference
Democrats
Rave Edge
By SANDRA JOHNSON
"The Democratic candidate
will enter the November contest
with a decided edge as the
representative of the majority
party in the nation," Prof. War-
ren E. Miller, assistant program
director of the Survey Research
Center, said Friday at a news
conference introducing "The
American Voter."
"A Republican candidate can
only win if he is able to put to-
gether issues or a personal at-
tractiveness which will over-
come his role as the minority
party candidate," Prof. Miller
said.
The success of the Democrats
in the Congressional election
years indicates the Republicans
would nave taken a worse lick-
ing in the 1956 congressional
elections than they did if it
were not for President Dwight
D. Eisenhower's unusual per-
sonal popularity," Angus Camp-
bell, director of the Survey Re-
search Center and one of the
four co-authors of the book,
said.
"The surveys show that in
the two past Eisenhower elec-
tions the voters have clearly
been crossing party affiliation,"
Campbell explained.
"Although the Democrats
were the majority party in 1952,
the public had become dissatis-
fied with the Truman adminis-
tration and frustrated by the
Korean War. Eisenhower's mili-
tary excellence and unquestion-
able integrity made him accept-
able in these circumstances. In
See 'U', Page 2
disappears: Catholics are less
than three per cent more Demo-
cratic than the rest of the
population.
This was for the presidential
race, where there was no Catho-
lic candidate; the impact a
Catholic candidate would have
had on the race is unknown.
There were, however, a number
of Catholic candidates in con-
gressional races; and here the
evidence shows that religion did
make a difference in the Catho-
lic vote when the race was be-
tween a Catholic and a non-
Catholic.
When the Democratic candi-
date was a Catholic, he got 10
per cent more of the Catholic
vote than he did of the non-
Catholic control group; when
the Republican was a Catholic,
he got 10 per cent more of the
Catholic vote. But it should be
remembered that a presidential
campaign differs considerably
from a congressional campaign,
and one should be cautious in
drawing conclusions.
A further fact which emerged
from a comparison of the 1952
and 1956 campaigns is also of
considerable relevance to the
present one. This was the gen-
eral decline in the brightness
of Adlai Stevenson's image and
the continued, even growing,
popularity of Eisenhower. Ste-
venson's image was much less
favorable in 1956 than in 1952:
there was more criticism of him,
fewer references to his experi-
ence as governor of Illinois, and,
strangely, more notice of his
divorce.
Eisenhower,don the other
hand, continued to be popular
and even scored higher on his
personal qualities than in 1952.
But his appeal remained highly
personal.
Myths Shattered
Several myths of American
politics seem to have been de-
molished by the study. The
great successes of the Demo-
crats in the 1930's and 1940's,
coupled with the generally low
educational attainment and so-
cio-economic status of non-vot-
ers, had led to the conclusion
that the non-voter was usually
a Democratic sympathizer. It
seems, however, that he merely
shares the American affection
for a "winner": the party pref-
erence of non-voters fell from
82 per cent Democratic in 1948
to 52 per cent Democratic in
1952 and 28 per cent Demo-
cratic in 1956, while the Re-
publican proportions rose ac-
cordingly.
See RESEARCHERS, Page 4
With New
Subsurface
AT FERRY FIELD:
Wolverines, Spartans Divide Twin Bill
By BRIAN MacCLOWRY
In a doubleheader straight out
of Hollywood, Michigan and Mich-
igan State took turns staving off
last inning rallies yesterday as the
two teams split a doubleheader at
Ferry Field.
The Spartans took the opener
2-1, and Michigan came back to
win the nightcap 6-5, before a
small gathering of shivering fans.
. Wolverine shortstop Gene Struc-
zewski was as hot as the weather
was cold as he slugged three home
runs in the twin bill.
In the first game, Struczewski
accounted for Michigan's only run
when he hit his first homer over
the left center field fence in the
sixth inning.
No Fluke
And Just to prove it wasn't a
fluke he also homered to left in
the first and third innings of the
second game to give the Wolver-
ines a short lived 3-0 lead.
In -the fourth inning with the
fans screaming for another, Struc-
zewski was thrown out on a one
hopper to shortstop to end, his
streak.
The three round trippers gave
Struczewski a total of four for the
season, and his five RBIs upped his
production to 19.
Splitting the doubleheader end-
ed any title aspirations for either
team. Both the Spartans and Wol-
verines now have four Conference
losses.
Sinks Whole Show
Fastballing righthander Mickey
Sinks was the Spartans' whole
show in the first game as he threw
a five hitter at the Wolverines.
Michigan only had three hits,
including Struczewski's blast, off
Sinks until the ninth.
In that ninth, with State lead-
ing 2-1, first baseman Bill Roman
led off with a single to center.
Dave Brown forced Roman at sec-
ond trying to sacrifice, but Wilbert
Franklin sent Brown there with a
single to left. Barry Marshall then
pushed the tying run to third as he
forced Franklin at second with a
ground ball.
Pinch Hitter
Left hand swinging sophomore
Dick Delamiellieure was then sent
up to hit for Dick Syring, but filed
to right on the first pitch to end
the threat and the game.
For Sinks it was another mag-
nificent performance. He is now
3-2 for the season with a 1.95
E.R.A. in 41 innings pitched.
Wolverine starter Al Koch de-
served a better fate. He allowed
only seven singles and both of the
Spartan runs were unearned.
In the third inning, State second
baseman Ron Holmes singled after
Koch had struck out Sinks. Right
fielder Pat Sartorius followed with
a bouncer in the hole between first
See 'M', Page 6
--Daily-Henry Yee
HOME RUN HITTER COMES HOME-Members of the Michigan baseball team wait for shortstop
Gene Struczewski to cross home plate after hitting the first of his three home runs in yesterday's
doubleheader with Michigan State. The Spartans won the first game 2-1, but the Wolverines, with
Struczewski's aid, came back to take the nightcap 6-5.
DEBATED AT SFAC.
Admissions Rise; Problems Soar
-
SerieRs
A mericans
Set To End
Moratorium
Detection System,
Peaceful Uses Seen
As Dual Objectives
WASHINGTON (A)-.The United
States will start a new series of
small underground nuclear tests,
perhaps before the end of this
year.
It will be for the dual purpose
of developing a workable test de-
tection system and pushing de-
velopment of peaceful uses of
atomic energy.
President Dwight D. Eisenhower
announced this yesterday at his
Gettysburg farm where he is
spending the weekend.
Previously Announced
The fact that the United States
intends to return to sub surface
testing already had been disclosed
in previous official announce-
ments by the Atomic Energy Com-
mission and other agencies. Un-
derground testing, as well as all
other types, had been suspended
under a moratorium observed by
the United States and Russia, so
far as is known, since late in 1958.
The new series would release no
radio-activity into the air, th.
White House said.
Yesterday's White House An-
nouncement, augmente by infor-
mation from the defense depart-
ment, provided more detailed in-
formation on plans for the test
shorts and the experimental mon-
itoring stations which will operate
on the principle of seismographl
stations for recording natural
earthquakes.
Prepare For Summit
One indirect purpose of the
presidential announcement yes-
terday may have been to prepare
for a subject which will come up
at the summit meetings beginning
in Paris on May 16 and for ses-
sions at Geneva starting on May
11. This official announcement
could serve the purpose of putting
the U. S. position and intentions
on record in advance of the sum-
mit session.
The White House announce-
ment said the president had ap-
proved "a major expansion of the
present research and development
toward an improved capability to
detect and identify underground
nuclear explosions."
Press Secretary James C.Hag-
erty said the forthcoming series
,will not be weapons tests as
such," but designed only for de--
veloping a detection system and
for promoting non-military use
of atomic energy. The AEC works
with both actual weapons and
with so-called "devices" useful
only f or providing scientific data
on detonation. Presumably, some
of these "devices," of compara-
tively small force, will be used in
the deep underground shots.
'u' Purpose
Cnsidered
By SUSAN FARREL
The Student - Faculty - Admin-
BIKE RACE:
MDs Win 'Hairy Innertube'
By JOHN ROBERTS
"This event," said Dave Ding-
man, '61M, adjusting the chin
strap of his crash helmet, "repre-
sents a serious effort to better
medical-legal relations.''
The scene was a winding, eleven
mile route along Geddes Road, and
the event was the birth of a new
campus tradition-the first annual
Nu Sigma Nu-Phi Delta Phi bi-
cycle relay race. Eighteen minutes
later the future doctors of Nu
Sigma Nu raced across the finish
line, proud winners of a freshly-
manufactured symbol of legal-
medical rivalry, the coveted Hairy
Innertube.
The race was conceived and co-
ordinated by Dingman and George
Leonard, '60L, social chairmen of
their respective professional fra-
ternities. Dingman states that the
inspiration for this particular out-
let of intellectual creativity was
"a similar event at Dartmouth,
and also the Tour de France."
Riders for each team were care-
fully selected on the basis of a
"highly competitive system of time
trials and eliminations," Leonard
explained. Totalling ten men per
team, the riders were scattered at
change - over points along the
route.
The actual switches were ac-
complished in a manner highly
remindful of the Pony Express--
the fresh rider standing in the
road, yelling instructions and en-
couragement to his approaching
teammate, followed by a running
interchange of positions, the col-
lapse of the exhausted rider, and
the resumption of the race by the
new peddler.
The Nu Sigma Nu team took an
early lead on the first leg of the
race, up the hill on Broadway
north of the railroad tracks, but
didn't begin to really move away
until the first change of riders.
In his desperate attempt to
catch up, the overzealous Phi Del-
ta Phi contestant went careening
into the railing along the Cedar-
lane "skyline drive," losing valu-
able time.
At the bottom of the hill there
was a change of bicycles from low
seated to high seated models bet-
ter suited for the straight-away,
and thereafter Nu Sigma Nu pro-
gressively widened its lead. At the
finish line, the medical team was
ahead by a full two minutes.
A potentially serious accident
occurred at the three-quarter mark
of the race, when Bob Morrison,
'63L, was thrown over his handle-
bars attempting to apply his
brakes. "I was peddling for all I
was worth when I heard George
(the next rider) yell 'slow down.'
I touched my brakes and the next
thing I knew he was disentagling
me from the bike, not sure whether
to help me or continue the race."
After it was all over, the op-
posing teams buried their an-
tagonisms in a show of comraderie,
but +he sing o dfatner,,a_
By SUSAN HERSHBERG
From 1957 to 1960, admissions
to the University have gone from
22,800 to 24,300 students, and with
the increased number of students
has come an increased number of
problems.
Atr the-mannal Student-Facut
Administration Conference, one of
the three discussion groups dealt
with the question: How does the
size of the University affect the
student-faculty relations? Though'
the size of the entering literary
college freshman class is remain-
ing essentially constant, more peo-
ple are entering nursing and other
specialized schools than ever be-
fore.
Dearborn and Flint colleges have
been established to relieve the
load, and University courses are
adding more sections and lectures.
The political science department
faculty alone has doubled in the
last 18 years.
More Paper Work, Committees
Prof. Oliver A. Edel of the Music
School said the increased size of
the University causes more paper
work and committee meetings for
the professor. This cuts down his
time for contact and conferences
with students. Prof. George Pira-
nian of the mathematics depart-
ment brought out the role of the
teacher as an amateur psychologist
and the importance of personal
contacts between teacher and stu-
dent,
Jill Clarridge, '61, emphasized
the limitation of initiative that re-
sulted from many uniformly run
classes. The student is required to
know only the required material
given in class and assignments.
Sometimes, she said, "The more
initiative you take, the more you
get shot down." She advocated in-
dividual oral examinations in
which teachers could find out what
the student really knew and had
found out on his own.
Greater Need for Counseling
Dan Rosemergy, 'lEd., placed
some of the blame on the high
schools for the great need of coun-
seling. Students come unprepared
to do college level work and un-
able to adjust easily to college life
because they don't know what to
expect. He suggested more com-
plete explanations during orienta-
tion week, dorm bull-sessions, fac-
ulty guests at dorm meals, stu-
r
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4
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275 Pledge
Not To Buy
By PETER STUART
Student anti - discrimination
picketers here yesterday obtained
the pledges of 275 persons refusing
to buy at F. W. Woolworth Co.
stores until the company's "Jim
Crow policies are completely aban-
doned."
This brings to 500 the total num-
ber of signatures collected by the
group on petitions sponsored by
two nation-wide anti-segregation
organizations.
After garnering about 100 names
in front of the downtown Wool-
worth's, the petitioners shifted
their operations about 4:30 p.m.
to near the S. H. Kresge Co. outlet
near Hill Aud. There they met
crowds leaving the May Festival
concert and quickly filled 17 more
petitions.,
After collecting additional signa-
tures next Saturday, the students
plan to forward the petitions to
New York City where they will1
conribute to an anticipated total
of one million names to be pre-
sented at Woolworth's main of-
fices May 17, Jack G. Ladinsky,
Grad., the picketers' spokesman.
dents taking greater advantage of
faculty office hours.
Small College Advantage
Regent Donald Thurber men-
tioned as an advantage of the Uni-
versity over small colleges that the
latter have "one strongly prevail-
'ing atmosphere." In such a situa-
tion, "If you are not a fraternity
man, you are out." Here there are
greater opportunities for superior
instruction, for finding a group in
which the individual can feel com-
fortable.
James H. Robertson, associate
dean of the literary college, added
"I don't think the University is in
business to help the student ad-
just. If anything it should unset-
tle you." Thus, the problem of
waking up the drifter, whom he
defined as "one who is willing to
settle for less than he can do."
Whether or not drifters are
caused by large size of the Uni-
versity is debatable, their problem
is great. It is terribly difficult -to
apprehend them before admission,
and as Regent Thurber asked,
"How can you predict who the
drifters will be who may suddenly
spring alive?"
Everyone emphasized the enor-
mity of the effect the faculty has
on the student, serving as a model
and a source of inspiration. Edel
said, too, that the professor can-
not remain good without the
stimulous of good students.
Group Discusses Problems
Of Foreign- Student at U'
By THOMAS KABAKER
The Student - Faculty - Admin-
istration Conference group on the
University's foreign student pro-
gram called for greater effort on
all fronts to increase opportuni-
ties for foreign students to meet
and know Americans.
The group felt that much of
the difficulty integrating foreign
students with the rest of the cam-
pus was that most foreign stu-
dents are quite a bit older than
the average undergraduate.
It. was pointed out that older
American students do not usually
take part in campus activities,
and it would seem that there was
no reason for foreign students,
most of whom are between the
ages of 23 and 26, to be interested
in extra-curricular activities
either.
Dean of Men Walter B. Rea
said he favored the use of the
residence halls as a means of
bringing about contact between.
foreign and American students.
More American boys ask for for-
eign roommates than there are
foreign students living in the
dormitories, he said.
Mavis Hoo, '62, pointed out that
most foreign students are delayed
in applying for rooms in the
dormitories, and by that time the
American students have been as-
signed rooms. "As a result, most
foreign students living in the resi-
dence halls end up living with
another student from their coun-
try or a student from another
foreign country.
John Ross, '61, executive vice-
president of the Union which
sponsored SFAC along with Stu-
dent Government Council, noted
that while most Americans are in-
I - - --- -------- - - -----
DEAN WALTER B. REA
. . . discusses students problems
Lewis .Denies
All Possibility
Of Transfer
James A. Lewis, vice-president
for student affairs, announced
yesterday that he was not, as had
been reported, "a finalist for the
presidency of Western Michigan
University at Kalamazoo."
"Early last week I received a
letter from Steve Nesbit, president
of the state board of education,"
Lewis began his statement con-
cerning WMU, "asking if I'would
be interested in being interviewed
for president of Western Michigan
University.
I'Thi. nm e rt knew that
istration Conference group organ-
ized to discuss the value of a col-
lege education turned quickly to
consideration of the more signif-
icant and less easily answered
question of the purposes of higher
education and the effectiveness of
the University in fulfilling then.
The consensus was that a uni-
versity should maximize the indi-
vidual potential of its students,
fill the needs of society and serve
as a respository of the western in-
tellectual tradition.
"The concept of a university
stems from Plato's academy
"which was established as a flam-
ing protest against a society rotten
from top to bottom," Prof. Gerald
Else chairman of the classical
studies department said, "and this
virus is still strong in the blood of
modern universities."
"But state universities especially
have eliminated the virus and
-n nh4 a nn with flaming
- ~ -- - . ".:'~~*;