BOMB TESTS QUESTIONED See Page 4 Seventieth Year of Editorial Freedom 4 lr 742 464 t 0---Rw- ',W' tl]g CLOUDY, COO High-55 Low--37 Variable cloudiness today; cooler and clearer by evening. VOL. LXX. No. 154 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SUNDAY, MAY 8, 1960 FIVE CENTS SIX PA S THE AMERICAN VOTER U.S. To Resume Atomic Tests By PROF. SAMUEL BARNES "The American Voter" is a study of American political be- havior based on extended inter- views carried out with samples of the American electorate dur- ing the presidential years 1948, 1952 and 1956 by the Univer- sity's Survey Research Center. Utilizing materials from all of these election surveys, the au- thors have attempted not only to describe the behavior of the electorate during the 1956 presi- dential campaign but also to place their data in a theoretical framework which permits them to generalize about the behavior of the American electorate. Survey Research Center is probably the foremost research center of its type in the world. The technical skill employed in the collection of data and the scholarly detachment of its work set extremely high stand- ards for public opinion research, and the present work more than lives up to the high expecta- tions its preparation fhas aroused. Research Staff All of the authors of the book are on the staff of Survey Re- search Center. The director of the Center, Prof. Angus Camp- bell, is of the psychology and sociology departments. Prof. Warren E. Miller and Donald E. Stokes are both members of the faculty of the political science department. The fourth author, Philip E. Converse, a study di- rector at the Center, is curently a Fulbright Fellow in France. While the present work is drawn primarily from the elec- tion surveys of 1952 and 1956, it utilizes materials from all the political studies the Center has carried out, including a less ex- tensive survey of the 1948 elec- tion. These surveys involve lengthy interviews with a care- fully selected sample of the American electorate. The 1956 survey, for example, included interviews with about 2.000 per- sons who were probed deeply on a wide range of questions con- cerning their political orienta- tions, degree of political in- volvement,. group affiliations. and reactions to the personal- ities and issues of the campaign. Pertinent Generalizations While the authors were pri- marily interested in generaliza- tions about the American elec- torate rather than predicting the outcome of the present campaign, a number of their findings are particularly per- tinent to this presidential elec- tion year. Their findings concerning the Catholic voter, for example, are especially interesting. In the presidential race of 1956 a majority of Catholics voted for the Republican candi- date. However, it was a bare majority, whereas the popula- tion as a whole voted 57% for President Dwight D. Eisenhow- er. Thus Catholics are still more Democratic than the rest of the population. But if the Catholic vote is controlled for life situa- tion, that is, if the Catholic voters are compared to a non- Catholic group with the same educational attainments, en- vironment and socio-economic status, half of this difference Democrats Rave Edge By SANDRA JOHNSON "The Democratic candidate will enter the November contest with a decided edge as the representative of the majority party in the nation," Prof. War- ren E. Miller, assistant program director of the Survey Research Center, said Friday at a news conference introducing "The American Voter." "A Republican candidate can only win if he is able to put to- gether issues or a personal at- tractiveness which will over- come his role as the minority party candidate," Prof. Miller said. The success of the Democrats in the Congressional election years indicates the Republicans would nave taken a worse lick- ing in the 1956 congressional elections than they did if it were not for President Dwight D. Eisenhower's unusual per- sonal popularity," Angus Camp- bell, director of the Survey Re- search Center and one of the four co-authors of the book, said. "The surveys show that in the two past Eisenhower elec- tions the voters have clearly been crossing party affiliation," Campbell explained. "Although the Democrats were the majority party in 1952, the public had become dissatis- fied with the Truman adminis- tration and frustrated by the Korean War. Eisenhower's mili- tary excellence and unquestion- able integrity made him accept- able in these circumstances. In See 'U', Page 2 disappears: Catholics are less than three per cent more Demo- cratic than the rest of the population. This was for the presidential race, where there was no Catho- lic candidate; the impact a Catholic candidate would have had on the race is unknown. There were, however, a number of Catholic candidates in con- gressional races; and here the evidence shows that religion did make a difference in the Catho- lic vote when the race was be- tween a Catholic and a non- Catholic. When the Democratic candi- date was a Catholic, he got 10 per cent more of the Catholic vote than he did of the non- Catholic control group; when the Republican was a Catholic, he got 10 per cent more of the Catholic vote. But it should be remembered that a presidential campaign differs considerably from a congressional campaign, and one should be cautious in drawing conclusions. A further fact which emerged from a comparison of the 1952 and 1956 campaigns is also of considerable relevance to the present one. This was the gen- eral decline in the brightness of Adlai Stevenson's image and the continued, even growing, popularity of Eisenhower. Ste- venson's image was much less favorable in 1956 than in 1952: there was more criticism of him, fewer references to his experi- ence as governor of Illinois, and, strangely, more notice of his divorce. Eisenhower,don the other hand, continued to be popular and even scored higher on his personal qualities than in 1952. But his appeal remained highly personal. Myths Shattered Several myths of American politics seem to have been de- molished by the study. The great successes of the Demo- crats in the 1930's and 1940's, coupled with the generally low educational attainment and so- cio-economic status of non-vot- ers, had led to the conclusion that the non-voter was usually a Democratic sympathizer. It seems, however, that he merely shares the American affection for a "winner": the party pref- erence of non-voters fell from 82 per cent Democratic in 1948 to 52 per cent Democratic in 1952 and 28 per cent Demo- cratic in 1956, while the Re- publican proportions rose ac- cordingly. See RESEARCHERS, Page 4 With New Subsurface AT FERRY FIELD: Wolverines, Spartans Divide Twin Bill By BRIAN MacCLOWRY In a doubleheader straight out of Hollywood, Michigan and Mich- igan State took turns staving off last inning rallies yesterday as the two teams split a doubleheader at Ferry Field. The Spartans took the opener 2-1, and Michigan came back to win the nightcap 6-5, before a small gathering of shivering fans. . Wolverine shortstop Gene Struc- zewski was as hot as the weather was cold as he slugged three home runs in the twin bill. In the first game, Struczewski accounted for Michigan's only run when he hit his first homer over the left center field fence in the sixth inning. No Fluke And Just to prove it wasn't a fluke he also homered to left in the first and third innings of the second game to give the Wolver- ines a short lived 3-0 lead. In -the fourth inning with the fans screaming for another, Struc- zewski was thrown out on a one hopper to shortstop to end, his streak. The three round trippers gave Struczewski a total of four for the season, and his five RBIs upped his production to 19. Splitting the doubleheader end- ed any title aspirations for either team. Both the Spartans and Wol- verines now have four Conference losses. Sinks Whole Show Fastballing righthander Mickey Sinks was the Spartans' whole show in the first game as he threw a five hitter at the Wolverines. Michigan only had three hits, including Struczewski's blast, off Sinks until the ninth. In that ninth, with State lead- ing 2-1, first baseman Bill Roman led off with a single to center. Dave Brown forced Roman at sec- ond trying to sacrifice, but Wilbert Franklin sent Brown there with a single to left. Barry Marshall then pushed the tying run to third as he forced Franklin at second with a ground ball. Pinch Hitter Left hand swinging sophomore Dick Delamiellieure was then sent up to hit for Dick Syring, but filed to right on the first pitch to end the threat and the game. For Sinks it was another mag- nificent performance. He is now 3-2 for the season with a 1.95 E.R.A. in 41 innings pitched. Wolverine starter Al Koch de- served a better fate. He allowed only seven singles and both of the Spartan runs were unearned. In the third inning, State second baseman Ron Holmes singled after Koch had struck out Sinks. Right fielder Pat Sartorius followed with a bouncer in the hole between first See 'M', Page 6 --Daily-Henry Yee HOME RUN HITTER COMES HOME-Members of the Michigan baseball team wait for shortstop Gene Struczewski to cross home plate after hitting the first of his three home runs in yesterday's doubleheader with Michigan State. The Spartans won the first game 2-1, but the Wolverines, with Struczewski's aid, came back to take the nightcap 6-5. DEBATED AT SFAC. Admissions Rise; Problems Soar - SerieRs A mericans Set To End Moratorium Detection System, Peaceful Uses Seen As Dual Objectives WASHINGTON (A)-.The United States will start a new series of small underground nuclear tests, perhaps before the end of this year. It will be for the dual purpose of developing a workable test de- tection system and pushing de- velopment of peaceful uses of atomic energy. President Dwight D. Eisenhower announced this yesterday at his Gettysburg farm where he is spending the weekend. Previously Announced The fact that the United States intends to return to sub surface testing already had been disclosed in previous official announce- ments by the Atomic Energy Com- mission and other agencies. Un- derground testing, as well as all other types, had been suspended under a moratorium observed by the United States and Russia, so far as is known, since late in 1958. The new series would release no radio-activity into the air, th. White House said. Yesterday's White House An- nouncement, augmente by infor- mation from the defense depart- ment, provided more detailed in- formation on plans for the test shorts and the experimental mon- itoring stations which will operate on the principle of seismographl stations for recording natural earthquakes. Prepare For Summit One indirect purpose of the presidential announcement yes- terday may have been to prepare for a subject which will come up at the summit meetings beginning in Paris on May 16 and for ses- sions at Geneva starting on May 11. This official announcement could serve the purpose of putting the U. S. position and intentions on record in advance of the sum- mit session. The White House announce- ment said the president had ap- proved "a major expansion of the present research and development toward an improved capability to detect and identify underground nuclear explosions." Press Secretary James C.Hag- erty said the forthcoming series ,will not be weapons tests as such," but designed only for de-- veloping a detection system and for promoting non-military use of atomic energy. The AEC works with both actual weapons and with so-called "devices" useful only f or providing scientific data on detonation. Presumably, some of these "devices," of compara- tively small force, will be used in the deep underground shots. 'u' Purpose Cnsidered By SUSAN FARREL The Student - Faculty - Admin- BIKE RACE: MDs Win 'Hairy Innertube' By JOHN ROBERTS "This event," said Dave Ding- man, '61M, adjusting the chin strap of his crash helmet, "repre- sents a serious effort to better medical-legal relations.'' The scene was a winding, eleven mile route along Geddes Road, and the event was the birth of a new campus tradition-the first annual Nu Sigma Nu-Phi Delta Phi bi- cycle relay race. Eighteen minutes later the future doctors of Nu Sigma Nu raced across the finish line, proud winners of a freshly- manufactured symbol of legal- medical rivalry, the coveted Hairy Innertube. The race was conceived and co- ordinated by Dingman and George Leonard, '60L, social chairmen of their respective professional fra- ternities. Dingman states that the inspiration for this particular out- let of intellectual creativity was "a similar event at Dartmouth, and also the Tour de France." Riders for each team were care- fully selected on the basis of a "highly competitive system of time trials and eliminations," Leonard explained. Totalling ten men per team, the riders were scattered at change - over points along the route. The actual switches were ac- complished in a manner highly remindful of the Pony Express-- the fresh rider standing in the road, yelling instructions and en- couragement to his approaching teammate, followed by a running interchange of positions, the col- lapse of the exhausted rider, and the resumption of the race by the new peddler. The Nu Sigma Nu team took an early lead on the first leg of the race, up the hill on Broadway north of the railroad tracks, but didn't begin to really move away until the first change of riders. In his desperate attempt to catch up, the overzealous Phi Del- ta Phi contestant went careening into the railing along the Cedar- lane "skyline drive," losing valu- able time. At the bottom of the hill there was a change of bicycles from low seated to high seated models bet- ter suited for the straight-away, and thereafter Nu Sigma Nu pro- gressively widened its lead. At the finish line, the medical team was ahead by a full two minutes. A potentially serious accident occurred at the three-quarter mark of the race, when Bob Morrison, '63L, was thrown over his handle- bars attempting to apply his brakes. "I was peddling for all I was worth when I heard George (the next rider) yell 'slow down.' I touched my brakes and the next thing I knew he was disentagling me from the bike, not sure whether to help me or continue the race." After it was all over, the op- posing teams buried their an- tagonisms in a show of comraderie, but +he sing o dfatner,,a_ By SUSAN HERSHBERG From 1957 to 1960, admissions to the University have gone from 22,800 to 24,300 students, and with the increased number of students has come an increased number of problems. Atr the-mannal Student-Facut Administration Conference, one of the three discussion groups dealt with the question: How does the size of the University affect the student-faculty relations? Though' the size of the entering literary college freshman class is remain- ing essentially constant, more peo- ple are entering nursing and other specialized schools than ever be- fore. Dearborn and Flint colleges have been established to relieve the load, and University courses are adding more sections and lectures. The political science department faculty alone has doubled in the last 18 years. More Paper Work, Committees Prof. Oliver A. Edel of the Music School said the increased size of the University causes more paper work and committee meetings for the professor. This cuts down his time for contact and conferences with students. Prof. George Pira- nian of the mathematics depart- ment brought out the role of the teacher as an amateur psychologist and the importance of personal contacts between teacher and stu- dent, Jill Clarridge, '61, emphasized the limitation of initiative that re- sulted from many uniformly run classes. The student is required to know only the required material given in class and assignments. Sometimes, she said, "The more initiative you take, the more you get shot down." She advocated in- dividual oral examinations in which teachers could find out what the student really knew and had found out on his own. Greater Need for Counseling Dan Rosemergy, 'lEd., placed some of the blame on the high schools for the great need of coun- seling. Students come unprepared to do college level work and un- able to adjust easily to college life because they don't know what to expect. He suggested more com- plete explanations during orienta- tion week, dorm bull-sessions, fac- ulty guests at dorm meals, stu- r i r r 4 i f y C t 1 f 275 Pledge Not To Buy By PETER STUART Student anti - discrimination picketers here yesterday obtained the pledges of 275 persons refusing to buy at F. W. Woolworth Co. stores until the company's "Jim Crow policies are completely aban- doned." This brings to 500 the total num- ber of signatures collected by the group on petitions sponsored by two nation-wide anti-segregation organizations. After garnering about 100 names in front of the downtown Wool- worth's, the petitioners shifted their operations about 4:30 p.m. to near the S. H. Kresge Co. outlet near Hill Aud. There they met crowds leaving the May Festival concert and quickly filled 17 more petitions., After collecting additional signa- tures next Saturday, the students plan to forward the petitions to New York City where they will1 conribute to an anticipated total of one million names to be pre- sented at Woolworth's main of- fices May 17, Jack G. Ladinsky, Grad., the picketers' spokesman. dents taking greater advantage of faculty office hours. Small College Advantage Regent Donald Thurber men- tioned as an advantage of the Uni- versity over small colleges that the latter have "one strongly prevail- 'ing atmosphere." In such a situa- tion, "If you are not a fraternity man, you are out." Here there are greater opportunities for superior instruction, for finding a group in which the individual can feel com- fortable. James H. Robertson, associate dean of the literary college, added "I don't think the University is in business to help the student ad- just. If anything it should unset- tle you." Thus, the problem of waking up the drifter, whom he defined as "one who is willing to settle for less than he can do." Whether or not drifters are caused by large size of the Uni- versity is debatable, their problem is great. It is terribly difficult -to apprehend them before admission, and as Regent Thurber asked, "How can you predict who the drifters will be who may suddenly spring alive?" Everyone emphasized the enor- mity of the effect the faculty has on the student, serving as a model and a source of inspiration. Edel said, too, that the professor can- not remain good without the stimulous of good students. Group Discusses Problems Of Foreign- Student at U' By THOMAS KABAKER The Student - Faculty - Admin- istration Conference group on the University's foreign student pro- gram called for greater effort on all fronts to increase opportuni- ties for foreign students to meet and know Americans. The group felt that much of the difficulty integrating foreign students with the rest of the cam- pus was that most foreign stu- dents are quite a bit older than the average undergraduate. It. was pointed out that older American students do not usually take part in campus activities, and it would seem that there was no reason for foreign students, most of whom are between the ages of 23 and 26, to be interested in extra-curricular activities either. Dean of Men Walter B. Rea said he favored the use of the residence halls as a means of bringing about contact between. foreign and American students. More American boys ask for for- eign roommates than there are foreign students living in the dormitories, he said. Mavis Hoo, '62, pointed out that most foreign students are delayed in applying for rooms in the dormitories, and by that time the American students have been as- signed rooms. "As a result, most foreign students living in the resi- dence halls end up living with another student from their coun- try or a student from another foreign country. John Ross, '61, executive vice- president of the Union which sponsored SFAC along with Stu- dent Government Council, noted that while most Americans are in- I - - --- -------- - - ----- DEAN WALTER B. REA . . . discusses students problems Lewis .Denies All Possibility Of Transfer James A. Lewis, vice-president for student affairs, announced yesterday that he was not, as had been reported, "a finalist for the presidency of Western Michigan University at Kalamazoo." "Early last week I received a letter from Steve Nesbit, president of the state board of education," Lewis began his statement con- cerning WMU, "asking if I'would be interested in being interviewed for president of Western Michigan University. I'Thi. nm e rt knew that istration Conference group organ- ized to discuss the value of a col- lege education turned quickly to consideration of the more signif- icant and less easily answered question of the purposes of higher education and the effectiveness of the University in fulfilling then. The consensus was that a uni- versity should maximize the indi- vidual potential of its students, fill the needs of society and serve as a respository of the western in- tellectual tradition. "The concept of a university stems from Plato's academy "which was established as a flam- ing protest against a society rotten from top to bottom," Prof. Gerald Else chairman of the classical studies department said, "and this virus is still strong in the blood of modern universities." "But state universities especially have eliminated the virus and -n nh4 a nn with flaming - ~ -- - . ".:'~~*;