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South African
Officials
Meetings
Democrats Meet in Detroit"
For Midwest Conference I
1
Forbid
Police Stage-
Dawn Raids
Crackdown Designed
To Thwart Rioting
JOHANNESBURG () -- Prime
Minister Hendrik Verwoerd's gov-
ernment banned all public meet-
ings in large towns throughout the
nation yesterday in an effort to
cripple a growing protest move-
ment against racial laws.
Large police squads carried out
swift raids at dawn against lead-
ing Negro, Indian and leftist or-
ganizations, seizing papers and
arresting some leftist whites as
well as Negroes.
The ban on meetings and raids
is designed to break up organiza-
tion of massive demonstrations
for next Monday and Thursday,
set down as days of mourning for
about 88 persons killed in clashes
with police earlier this week.
About 200 other persons were
wounded in the clashes when po-
lice opened fire with rifles and
submachine guns upon about 20,-
000 Africans. The Africans had ap-
proached the Sharpeville policef
stationoutside Johannesburg de-
manding that they be arrested for
defying the law that requires all
nonwhites to carry identification E
passes. The pass system is used to
control the movement of nonwhites
outside the town of their residence1
or employment, pa
The African National Congress ye
(ANC), which remained aloof from w
the earlier demonstrations called ac
by the less powerful but more mili-j
tant Pan African Congress (PAC), sa
joined today in the movement for st
a day of mourning next Monday. ed
Albert Luthuli, president of ANC,
urged every Negro man, woman a]
and child to stay home Monday to la
"protest against police killings and th
against the pass laws." he
The fate of many demonstrators on
apparently was indicated here to-,
day when five supporters of the
Pan-African Congress were sen- B.
tenced to be caned. Two were sen- cr
tenced to 10 strokes and 3 others to
to 8 strokes with a light cane for m
failing to carry identification ci
passes. This is a common type of ate
punishment in South Africa. ja
The stay-at-home movement has or
produced a creeping paralysis,
particularly at the important coal at
and steel center of Vereeniging, to he
miles south of Johannesburg, one an
of the trouble spots last Monday. He
Some factories there were closed so
entirely. Others carried on with to
white technicians and clerks do-l
ing the work of laborers. Indus- Jo
trialists estimated 80 per cent of tio
the work force was absent. Whitej
apartment house dwellers had to st
do their own furnace stoking. ci
The ban on meetings was first fo:
announced as applying only to the at
three big cities of Johannesburg, ci
Cape Town and Durban. But po- ta
lice officials said later it would be sc
effective in all large towns. ca
Public
Ike, Macmillan To Talk
OnuRuss ian Test Ban Biad
SEN. LYNDON JOHNSON
... House leader
ivil Rights
Jill Passed
WASHINGTON nP)--The House
ssed its civil rights bill 311-109
sterday and the Senate over-
helmingly set it up for possible
tion next week.
Atty. Gen. William P. Rogers
luted the bill as "an historic
ep" but wrangling senators call-
it too weak or too strong.
The Senate voted 72-19 against
motion by Sen. James 0. East-
,d, (D-Miss.) to send the bill to
e Judiciary Committee, which
heads, without any time limit
committee action.
Then, on motion of Sen. Lyndon
Johnson of Texas, the Demo-
atic leader, the Senate voted 87-5
send the bill to Eastland's com-
ittee -- long a graveyard for
vil rights legislation-ywith or-
rs to report it back to the Sen-
e by next Tuesday midnight with
without its recommendation.
Eastlaild, asking that the Sen-
e not shackle his committee, as
put it, said a time limit would
nount to "legislative lynching."
e was supported only by 17 other
)thern senators and Sen. Mil-
n Young (R-N.D.).
Presumably next Wednesday
hnson will move for Senate ac-
on on the House bill.
As the parliamentary situation
ands, nothing else in the way of
vil rights legislation is now be-
re the Senate. All that the Sen-
e has done since Feb. 15, when
vil rights proposals were at-
xhed to an unrelated Missouri
;ool bill, has gone into the dis-
rd.
WASHINGTON (M) -- British
Prime Minister Harold Macmillan
will fly to Washington Saturday
for talks with President Dwight
D. Eisenhower.
The evident purpose is to pre-
vent a United States-British split
over Russia's new bid for a total
ban on nuclear weapons testing.
In an atmosphere of worry
amounting almost to crisis, Mac-
millan and Eisenhower will try to
shape a counterproposal to Rus-
sia's move last Saturday in the
Geneva Nuclear Test Conference.
Macmillan and Eisenhower will
not begin their talks until Mon-
day, the White House said.
The issue which led to Macmil-
lan's suddenly arranged trip was
Russia's policy switch in the
Geneva nuclear talks, which had
the effect of outflanking the
United States position and threat-
ening a split between Washington
and London.
What the Russians did was to
accept conditionally a proposal
made last February by Eisen-
hower that a treaty be signed
banning all nuclear weapons tests
except small underground explo-
sions. The Russians, after de-
nouncing this plan, reversed posi-
tions and said they would take
the plan provided the United
States and Britain would agree to
an informal prohibition or mora-
torium on the little underground
explosion too.
The meeting will give Eisen-
hower and Macmillan opportunity
to talk about a number of their
problems, including developments
at the recently-opened East-West
disarmament conference at Ge-
neva, where the Soviets seem to
be showing some signs of agreeing
with the West on inspection pro-
cedures.
At Geneva, yesterday, the 10-
nation disarmament conference
The Democratic Midwest Con-
ference, largest gathering of Dem-
ocratic officials and party leaders
in the nation prior to the Demo-
cratic National Convention, will
take place today, tomorrow and
Sunday in Detroit.
A series of panel discussions will
expand the conference theme
"Goals for America."
Concurrent panels will be held
today from 2:30 to 5 p.m., on
urban problems and civil rights.
They will be conducted by Mayor
Richard Lee, of New Haven,
Conn., and Rep. John Brademas
(D-Ind.) respectively.
Former ambassador to India,
Rep. Chester Bowles (D - Conn.)
will lead a discussion on foreign
policy tomorrow afternoon, and
Leon Keyserling, economic advisor
to former President Harry S. Tru-
man, will be the main speaker on
economic policy.
Thomas H. E. Quimby, Demo-
cratic National Committeeman for
Michigan and program chairman
of the conference, announced that,
there will be a special student ad-
mission fee of 50 cents for each
panel. Regular admission is $1 for
each session.
The Jefferson - Jackson dinner,
annual fund-raising event of the
Michigan Democratic Party, will
be held in conjunction with the
conference.
Speakers at the dinner will in-
clude national Democratic chair-
man Paul Butler, Senator Hubert
Humphrey (D - Minn.), Senator
John Kennedy (D-Mass.), Gov-
ernor Robert Meyner of New Jer-
sey, and Governor G. Mennen Wil-
liams of Michigan.
The conference will open with a
noon luncheon today. Trevor
Gardner, former Assistant Secre-
tary of the Air Force, will speak
on science and technology.
Governor Herschel Loveless of
Iowa, chairman of the Democratic
advisory committee on agricul-
ture, and Senator Stuart Syming-
ton (D-Mo.) will speak at a dinner
this evening.
A general session tomorrow
morning will consider policy state-
ments on natural resources, eco-
nomic growth, metropolitan prob-
lems, agriculture, human welfare
and peace, national security and
world relations. Policies adopted
at this session will be recommend-
ed to the platform drafting com-
mittee at the Democratic National
Convention next summer.
But voting on platform issues
will be limited to the national
Scommitteeman, national commit-
teewoman, chairman and vice
chairman of each of the 14 states.
Featured speaker at tomorrow's
luncheon will be Arthur Schlesing-
er, Jr., Harvard University history
professor, who will discuss "New
Frontiers in Political Liberalism."
The conference will conclude
with a business session Sunday
morning.
Frank G. Theis, both national
committeeman and state chair-
man in Kansas, is chairman of
the conference.
j~i4
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lx
PRIME MINISTER MACMILLAN
... talks with Ike
took a cautious step forward to-
day by accepting six broad prin-
ciples for worldwide reduction in
men and weapons.
The decision related only to
generalities. East and West re-
mained divided by basic differ-
ences on specific control measures
and even on how to start an ac-
tual disarmament process.
But one Western source said
some progress has been achieved
after eight conference sessions.
He added that these talks appear
to be off to a better beginning
than the inconclusive London
negotiations of 1955 and 1956.
French disarmament expert
Jules Moch defined the principles,
to which Soviet Deputy Foreign
Minister Valerian Zorin nodded
assent. While no formal commit-
ments were given by either side,
it was understood the points
%vouldserve as guide lines for
future sessions.
I
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JOHN
FELOKAMP
LOOKS
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The
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GALLERY ARTISTS present
Animal Kingdom in Fantasy
through April Ist
Coming April 4th
EMNITZ-painlings
ABERNATHY--crra w it
orsyte Gallery
ckels Arcade over Post Otice
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Second Front Page
Friday, March 25, 1960 Page 3
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Candv Liar Ching
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Every car heading South this
week should have its copy of
LIFE, March 28. You can start
out with a reminder of the
weather you left behind when
you view the cover with Hubert
and Jack against the back-
ground of a Wisconsin snow-
capped farm. But the sun never
sets on the roamin' esquire .. .
so enjoy Ft. Lauderdale.
NORTHERN SIGHTS - For
those of us marooned in the
North, the story of the well-
oiled Kennedy presidential
bandwagon is vividly described
with nine pages of photos and
diagrams. Humphrey is lost in
the dust, with Kennedy's entire
family and the 30 per cent
Catholic population of Wiscon-
sin working full force toward a
victory in the State's April 5
primary. Kennedy's machine
claims 500 of the 761 delegates
necessary to win the nomina-
tion at the Los Angeles conven-
tion. LIFE has the full scoop
on this newsmaking primary.
UNIQUE STUDY -- The edu-
cation section of LIFE this week
brings forth a unique program
for all you sociology majors.
Eight students wanted to find
out the inside story of the
world of the mentally ill. At
their own request, three Rad-
cliffe women and five Harvards
spent four days and nights as
patients in a Boston hospital
trapped in the backwoods by
the drifts got through to civili-
zation. And the kids enjoyed
every minute of their confine-
ment - they couldn't get to
school.
RED REBELLION - An ar-
ticle on the secret art of Russia
finds exclusive coverage of a
hidden rebellion of Russian
painters and sculpture. In color,
fourteen pages unveil some of
the most amazing creations
you've ever seen! Ever since the
relaxation of controls in the
post-Stalin era, a number of
young Russian artists have been
secretly exploring the world of
modern art. LiFE has been able
to capture in full color works of
art hidden in closets and old
storerooms.
HUNG JURY - In LIFE'S
analysis of the current news,
the inside story is revealed in
answers to the question: Why
did the Finch Jury Disagree?
Ten of the twelve jurors plus
two alternates gave LIFE their
answers to this controversial
case. The comments of the
above reveal not only disagree-
ment, but bitter dissension
among the jurors. The question
of racial prejudice which influ-
enced the actions of two minor-
ity-group members of the jury
is denied by other of their col-
leagues.
C'EST LA VIE-Other stories
featured in this pre-vacation is-
sue include an analysis of the
sports car and its owners,
("New Snobberies, Ways To Go
Nuts") ; the sale of an entire
city ("Any Money Dwn on
Desert Town?"); current events
("Ghostly Images of a Ghastly
Murder"); and a picture in
"Miscellany" guaranteed to
melt the ice at any party.
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lets' go golf!
Snow on the ground! SPRING in the air! Plan
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SPORTS SHOP -- THIRD FLOOR
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