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March 22, 1960 - Image 3

Resource type:
Text
Publication:
The Michigan Daily, 1960-03-22

Disclaimer: Computer generated plain text may have errors. Read more about this.

__

SOUTH AFRICA:
Laws Cause Negro Riot

Korean Rioting

--Associated Press Wirephoto
POLICE SUPPRESS RIOTING-Police grab a man during a
demonstration in front of central headquarters of the Democratic
Party in Seoul.
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VEREENIGING, South Africa
(M) - A huge demonstration
planned as a nonviolent protest
against the white government's
strict Pass Laws for African Ne-
groes erupted yesterday into furi-
ous violence.
Nearly 50 Negroes were slain by
police gunfire and 156 more were
wounded.
Jet planes and armored cars also
were used to disperse the demon-
strators.
Converge on Station
Twelve thousand Negroes had
converged on the police station in
the native quarter of Sharpeville,
besieging 25 policemen inside.
Rifle and machinegun fire from
the police station mowed down the
front ranks of the crowd. The Ne-
groes fell back in panic.
Afterward a police officer de-
scribed the scene : "Like a world
war battlefield -bodies lay man-
gled and sprawling all around."
A Johannesburg news photograph-
er said: "I took pictures of more
bloodshed than I have ever before
seen in South Africa."
The demonstration was part of
a nationwide Negro campaign that
began yesterday against South
Africa's Pass Laws, one segment
of the nation's racial segregation
laws. There were scattered reports
of violence elsewhere.
Proclaim Campaign
The campaign was proclaimed
by the Pan-Africanist Congress, a
militant offshoot of the African
National Congress, the continent's
dominant Negro independence
movement. The African National
Congress withheld support, claim-
ing the campaign was insuffi-
ciently organized to succeed.
The Pan - African movement
urged Negroes to leave their passes
at home and thus invite arrest.
The idea was to fill the nation's
jails to overflowing, slow business
and transport and demonstrate
that South Africa's 3 million
whites would be economically lost
without low-cost labor provided
by 11 million nonwhites.
Under South Africa's strict ra-
cial segregation laws, all non-
whites must carry passes-some-
thing like internal passports. Once
authorities stamp the passes "na-
tive," Africans are barred from
many jobs, are subject to special
curfews and must live in special
native areas like Sharpeville,
where yesterday's demonstration1
took place.

U.S. Starts
B roa dcast
o Cuba
WASHINGTON (P)-The United
States moved yesterday to tell its
story to the Cuban people through
Spanish language broadcasts while
it persisted in diplomatic efforts to
salvage relations with Fidel Cas-
tro's government.
The broadcast program, although
lirited, was hailed by one senator
as a sound step but the latest
diplomatic gesture was castigated
by another as "the most sickening
kind of appeasement."
The one-hour, daily broadcasts
ion Spanish between 8 and 9 p.m.
EST will be limited in effective-
ness because they will be trans-
mitted via short wave and thus
can be received by only about 3
per cent of the Cuban who own
that type of set.
Hails Voice
Still, Sen. Gordon Allott (R-
Colo.) hailed the Voice of America
program, starting last night as a
step in the right direction. He
called it a quick response to his
appeal to do something to offset
the persistent Anti - American
propaganda of Castro. He called it
a "positive approach and htgLly
encouraging sign."
Allott said he had been advised
the United States Information
Agency is studying plans to broad-
cast to Cuba on standard bands to
bring the program within reach
of all the island's 1,300,000 long
wave sets.
But in another Senate speech
Sen. George A. Smathers (D-Fla.)
sharply criticized the state de-
partment for sending Ambassador
Philip Bonsal back to Havana.
Calls Appeasement
Smathers told the Senate that
Bonsal's return would be inter-
preted as appeasement throughout
Latin America and would indicate
the United States is trying "to do
business with a d'ctator."
He said his appeals to keep
Bonsal in the United States were
disregarded by Secretary of State
Christian A. Herter. The Senator
said renewed attacks on the
United States made even as Bonsal
was landing in Havana bore out
his arguments.
The fresh criticisms were made
by Ernesto (Che) Guevara, Cuba's
economic czar, and Cuban Presi-
dent Osvaldo Dorticos.

Britain Asks U.S. To Sk

'With I
Whest seeks
More Details
About Quota
Want Moratorium,
Joint Scientific Study
GENEVA ()-The British gov-
ernment was reported last night
to be urging the United States to
go along with the main lines of a
new Soviet proposal for suspending
nuclear tests.
This does not mean, informants
said, that the British are ready
to accept the proposal without
question but are as interested as
Washington in learning more de-
tails of the Soviet plan.s n
Both Western powers want to
know more about the Soviet quota
system for inspection of suspicious
earth tremors.
Gives Answers
Soviet Delegate Semyon K.
Tsarapkin gave some of the an-
swers to British and United States
questions at yesterday's session of
the 17-month old three-nation ne-
gotiations for a treaty banning
nuclear tests.
Russia has proposed the conclu-
sion of a partial treaty providing
a controlled ban on all types of
nuclear weapon explosions except
small underground tests.
An accompanying three-power
moratorium would prohibit the
holding of small underground tests
while a joint scientifie study would
attempt to solve difflicult detection
problems involved in such blasts.
- Offer S '"on
Tsarapkin said both the mora-
torium and the study could remain
in force for four or five years with
the expectation that the under-
ground detection problem would be
solved in that time. He previously
had set no time limit.
If the four or five-year period
expired without results, Tsarapkin
said, the moratorium and the
studies could be continued for an
additional time if the three na-
tions agreed.
Tsarapkin wants no resumption
of tests of any kind once the par-
tial treaty and the moratorium go
into force.
Not Trapped
Neither Britain nor the United
States intends to be trapped into
a blank-check promise not to con-
duct tests until they see how the
whole arrangement can be worked
out.
Britain's Sir Michael Wright
recalled that his government re-
served its position on the question
of resuming tests.
The British delegate said he un-
derstood the Soviet Union now is
accepting a phased approach to a
treaty and that the specific de-
tails of the Russian plan were
open to discussion and negotia-
tion.

leZ,

WASHINGTON (A) - President
Dwight D. Eisenhower met with
Secretary of State Christian A.
Herter yesterday, and the White
House reported they gave "serious
consideration" to Russia's newest
proposal for an atomic test ban.
The Administration meanwhile
drew a curtain of secrecy around
a letter Eisenhower sent Soviet
Premier Nikita Khrushchev. This
reportedly assured him the United
States has not present plans to
share atomic weapons with its
allies.
Press Secretary James C. Hag-
erty declined to confirm or deny
reports to that effect.
Sent Letter
Diplomatic officials said, how-
ever, Eisenhower had sent such a
letter, replying to a March 8

message from Khrushchev. The
Khrushchev letter protested what
he complained were American
plans to hand out atomic weapons
to Atlantic Pact countries..
Khrushchev was reported to
have made not mention, in his
letter to Eisenhower, of the Soviet
proposal put forward Saturday at
Geneva on the atomic test ban
issue.
This Soviet proposal would ban
all kinds of nuclear tests until
Soviet - American experts decide
how to police and inspect small
underground blast.
Phoned Eisenhower
Hagerty told a news conference
only that Eisenhower and Herter
discussed it during their hour-loig
meeting yesterday. Herter elso

phoned Eisenhower twice at
Camp David mountain retreat c
the weekend to talk over the
viet plan, he said.
"Many people in the gove
ment are taking a very care
look at It," Hagerty said.
He brushed aside questic
about whether the Administrat
was encouraged at what appea
to be a carefully hedged s
toward accepting the Ameri
view that small underground to
should continue on the reason
that they are impossible to detV
Administration disarmame
specialists, in studying the Sov
offer, were reported to be ado
ing an increasingly skeptical v:
of the Soviet offer-at least in
present form.

UIke, Herter Consider Test Ban Plw

I

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Second Front Page
Tuesday, March 22, 1960 Page 3

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