Publish
or
By ANITA PETROSHUS
Publish or perish?
"It's a spook!" Dean Roger W. Heyns of the literary college
declared.
"Everything being equal, the man who publishes is the man
who rises more quickly," Assistant Dean of the literary college
James H. Robertson said.
"The debate is somewhat irrelevant and sterile," Prof. J.
David Singer, of the political science department, said. "A good
teacher who really contributes to an individual's growth must also
be a serious and energetic scholar."
Does the faculty member who produces a goodly amount of
publication in scholarly and scientific journals have an edge on
the man who's "just a teacher" when promotion time comes
around, or doesn't he?
Official university policy on promotion, at least in the lit-
erary college, is that "chairman are enjoined to give careful at-
tention to all phases of the candidate's service to the College
and the University," all phases meaning teaching, research and.
service. The candidate must show "a superior ability in at least
one phase of his activities and have made substantial contribu-
tions in the other phases."
"Published and other creative work," along with "scholarly
ability and attainments," comes under the heading of research
qualifications.
This then is the theory behind literary college promotions. It
sounds fine, theoretically. But does it apply in practice?
Perish: A-Fo
"The total picture is complex," University President Harlan
Hatcher said. "As a firm matter of policy, we do value teaching
in highest terms. The University has always had the reputation
of being a great teaching faculty. We emphasize this to the deans
regularly as the budget period approaches.
"Now," he said, "let's get practical. At the department level
they tend to be quite jealous of the number and quality of pub-
lications. They lay great deal of store by this standard."
Needs Publications
"There is a reluctance to recommend a young chemist, for
example, for a professorship if he has not acquired a reputa-
tion demonstrated by his publications," he said. "Occasionally a
person who does no research can go forward. But he's likely not
to go all the way, and advancement is likely to be very reluctant
on the part of all departments."
President .Hatcher maintained, however, that those at the
administrative level put pressure on the departments to give
heavy weight to teaching ability when evaluating faculty mem-
bers for promotion.
Pressure to publish does not always need to come from the
department chairmen, in Robertson's opinion. "Most of our fac-
ulty have things they want to say," he said.
He also pointed out that although all recommendations for
promotion originates in the department, the Dean and Executive
Committee of the Literary College also scrutinize the list of those
not recommended. If there is a question about a faculty member
culty
not being recommended, the department is asked why he is no,
scheduled for advancement.
If publish or perish does have a basis, Vice-President and
Dean of Faculties Marvin Niehuss said, it is because "both good
teachers and good researchers are hard to find. One of the great
difficulties is the measurement of good teaching.
Tangibles Emphasized
"Research and publication are relied upon and mentioned
more often because they are tangible," he said. "If we could bi
certain we have an excellent teacher we'd be sure to push hin
on as fast as anyone else.
"In actual application," Niehuss said, "there are not many
places where you have to choose. It's not true that teachers can'
research or researchers can't teach. The same qualities are 'neces-
sary for both."
Heyns stressed the need for scholars, but pointed out tha
publication does not necessarily Indicate a person's scholarli
ness. "Publication is only a very rough index of whether a per
son is capable of good sound research," he said.
In any discussion of publish or perish and its validity, de-
partmental balance is important, also, Robertson declared.
"At a particular time," he said, "you may find a depart-
ment placing special emphasis on scholarly work because of a
particular need in the department at that time. The ebb and
flow of personnel through retirements, leaves and resignations
creates imbalance that needs correcting.
See PUBLISH, Page 4
Myth
-Daily-David Giltrow
RESEARCH-WHAT PART DOES IT PLAY IN PROMOTIONS?
EIMMIGRATION LAW
INADEQUATE
see Page 4
i5 r
Seventieth Year of Editorial Freedom
74Ia itj
PARTLY CLOUDY
Iligh-35-38
Low-ZO
Little change
in temperature.
VOL. LXX, No. 120 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SUNDAY, MARCH 20, 1960 FIVE CENTS
EIGHT PA
Michigan Economy1
By NAN MARKEL
What's ahead for Michigan?
Look at it now-its unemployment was higher than the national
rate in the 1958 recession, its state government is in financial diffi-
culties, its "climate for business" has been publicized as poor . .
Out of these considerations a book was born analyzing the state's
assets and liabilities and peering into its future.
"Harold Taylor and I were talking one night about the criticalj
issues which now face Michigan," Prof. William Haber of the
economics department told a news conference Friday. "We decided
an analysis was needed, written by people not involved in a labor-
management, Republican-Democrat fight."
Write on Michigan Economy
The book is "The Michigan Economy, Its Potentials and Its
Problems." Just released, it was written by Prof. Haber and Director
Harold Taylor and Eugene McKean of the Upjohn Institute for
Employment Research.
Michigan needs to provide a total of 3.8 million more jobs by
1970, the economists say. To do this, businesses must be attracted to
Michigan, and industries in the state must grow.
However, "We have been our own worst enemies," Prof. Haber
We have assets we don't advertise that give us advantages over
other states. But we continually emphasize what's wrong with Michi-
gan. If anybody got up on a platform and emphasized what's right
with Michigan they would be laughed at."
He indicated the University is one most important asset. "We
have a beginning right here of one very important element of
growth-the research industries," he pointed out.
"After all, what has happened around the Massachusetts and
California Institutes of Technology could be duplicated here-we have
only begun to scratch the surface."
"The University is an educational institution but it also is a re-
search institution, and its people have a lot to do with providing aids
to industry.
Institute Created to Aid Industry
For example, the Legislature did not create the Institute of
Science and Technology just to advance pure knowledge, but also
to assist Michigan industry and attract new industry to the state.
The experts found the two most important criteria used to decide
where a factory will be located are "'wage cost differentials" and
comparative transportation costs.
"In comparison all other factors-including taxes-are not im-
portant," they said.
Still, they urged development of an equitable tax program for
Michigan business, asking "top priority handling on a 'thoughtful,
non-partisan'" basis by the state's civic and political leaders.
Though taxes are not a major factor in plant location decisions,
it seems the total tax load on Michigan business firms is higher than
in competing states. (Prof. Harvey Brazer of the economics depart-
ment writes in a section of the chapter: "There is reason to believe
that taxes paid by business firms in Michigan are in fact higher than
they are in Illinois, Indiana and Ohio. .")
How does Michigan compare to Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, and Ken-
tucky in those big two-areas-wage costs and freight costs?
"From the favorable point of view, the availability in Michigan of
an experienced, relatively stable,' generally well-educated labor force,
possessing a variety of skills, will continue to be an advantage for
the state," it is reported.
"On the other hand Michigan's generally high wage structure,
the higher costs here of unemployment compensation, and Michigan's
image as a 'union-dominated' state could deter manufacturers,
especially those from outside the state, from carrying on operations
in Michigan."
As for freight costs, the book declared, "not enough is known
about Michigan's transportation position to provide an over-all evalu-
ation Both advantages and disadvantges can be noted."
A study is suggested, according to plans of the Fantus Service
detailed in the appendix. Other avenues for research are also sug-
gested; the authors point out the book is more an exploratory study
than anything else.
Point Out Lines of Advance
Its "exploration" has pointed out several lines for advance, which
Upjohn Institute Director Taylor listed at Friday's news conference.
These are:
1) Improve Michigan's reputation-"the bad reputation of a state
is much like the reputation of a person: a bad reputation is easily
acquired, but it is overcome with some difficulty."
2) Step up promotion of industrial development--"I have a feel-
ing the Governor and others view the state's present department of
economic development with mixed feelings."
I Q k ... .. e a.,afivn+ Tinehivan4 + tannmotA~tinnnoblem.
Chris Iman
To Give U
Senate Seat
By PHILIP SHERMAN
Sen. Lewis C. Christman (R-Ann
Arbor) will call it quits after a,
local and state political career of
over 20 years.
He will "leave it to the younger
fellows" after serving five terms
in the House and three in the
Senate.
Christman took to the occasion
to give a veiled slap to one of his
local colleagues, Rep. George Sal-
lade (R-Ann Arbor), who is bid-
ding for the GOP nomination for
Lieutenant Governor. The 72-
year-old Christman will support
Sallade's opponent, Sen. Edward
Hutchinson (R-Fennville).
Want Conservative
"I want a.eservative, consUV.
tutional Republican, which is what
Hutchinson is," he said. On the
basis of his recent voting record,t
Christman says, Sallade does not
fill the bill.
Sallade called Christman's move
"the best break my campaign has
had locally to date, and I don't
think the statement needs any
elaboration."
Christman will remain neutral
in the probable gubernatorial race
between Sen. Carlton H. Morris
(R-Kalamazoo) and Paul D. Bag-
Students Picket
With Passive.
Stores.
Here
Demonstratio
4
4T
Protestors
May ReceiveI
SGC Support
Council To Consider
Endorsement Plans
By JEAN SPENCER
Student Government Council will
consider two motions Wednesday
which if passed will give support
to student demonstrations against
local stores.
Al Haber, '60, Council member
who will introduce the motions,
said they "recognize the fact that
beliefs in opposition to descrimi-
nation are meaningless unless car-
ried into action."
The first motion asks that SGC
give official support and endorse-
ment to the "direct non-violent
action" being taken against The
Cousins Shop."
File Report
The City Council has filed a
report from the Human Relations
Commission which charges Mrs.
Jenny Cousins, proprietor of the
Cousins Shop, with discrimination
against a Negro customer and re-
fusal to cooperate with the com-
mission.
The motion calls for the Council
to encourage students to express
their opposition by (a) talking to
the proprietress of the shop indi-
vidually, (b) supporting and par-
ticipating in picketing, and (c)
withdrawing their patronage from
the shop and encouraging others
to do so.
The motion includes a state-
ment that SGC feels this policy
of protest and economic boycott
should be maintained until the
shop indicates a change in policy.
Test Cases
Haber said a number of test
cases run last week demonstrated
that continued action is necessary.
Economic pressure on the store
as a means of encouraging a policy
change will also demonstrate unity
among the people of the Univer-
sity community with the general
movement for racial equality, he
said.
Haber's second motion calls for
similar support and endorsement
for demonstrations against the
local branches of Woolworth and
Kresge retail chain stores.
The motion asks student ex-
pression of opposition to these
policies by (a) writing to the
national office, (b) talking to the
manager of the local outlet to
encourage him to put pressure on
the national, (c) supporting and
participating in picketing, and (d)
withdrawing their patronage from
the store.
Maintain Boycott
The second motion calls for this
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GroupPlans
Continuation
Duringl Week
Fifty Stage Protests
On Second Saturday
Against Alleged Bias
By THOMAS HAYDEN
Students yesterday picketed loca
stores for the second consecutive
Saturday and prepared for a pos
sible week-long demonstration in
front of The Cousins Shop begin
ning tomorrow.
About 50 demonstrators -- hal
as many as last week-partici
pated in the non-violent picketinj
of F. W. Woolworth's and Th
Cousins Shop.
The Cousins Shop has been ac
cused of discrimination agains
a Negro shopper by the Human
Relations Commission in a repor
filed with the City Council.
Boycotted in South
Many southern members o
Woolworth's national chain ar
currently being boycotted to
alleged anti-Negro acts. This week
the national chain announced ii
would continue segregation or pos
sibly close its lunch counters unti
Southern public opinion agreed t
a change.
The local demonstrations are in
tended "to impress upon the popu
lation the seriousness of the prob
lem," group spokesman John Leg
gett, Grad., said. "We want t
mobilize public sentiment."
Picketing of The Cousins Sho
resumes tomorrow, Leggett said
to stress its importance as a loci
issue. He explained not enougl
personnel are available to picke
Woolworth's or S. S. Kresge-th
Ann. Arbor stores whose nationa
chains are involved in disputes i
the South.'
Picketing Stopped
The group picketed Kresge'
along with The Cousins Shop an
Woolworth's last week, but du
partly to misunderstandings di
not picket Kresge's this weel
Leggett said.
"We knew Woolworth's had an
nounced this week they would no
change their national policies a
abiding by local customs. But wi
did not know until later tha
Kresge's had taken the same
stand. In addition, we didn't kno
if enough people would appear i
picket both Kresge's stores as we
as Woolworth's and Cousins."
Leggett said he "anticipates some
difficulties in carrying out th
picketing during this school week
since students have primary obl:
gations to studying." Picketing .wl
begin at 1 p.m. tomorrow.
SAsk Directory
-Daily--David Glltr<
Tom Patterson, Union President.
LEWIS C. CHRISTMAN
-. . to step down
well. He praised both men and
said the "conservative-progressive"
issue that is being raised will be
clearly defined by primary time.
He would support either candi-
date in the November election.
Increase Expenditures
Christman thinks the biggest
trend in the future will be further
increases in state expenditures to
provide for growing population.
"I think we've gone ahead about
as fast as we could in view of the
amount of revenue," he said.
Now the big problem is to re-
vamp the financial structure of
the state. Christman expects a
solution next year, and predicts it
will take the form of a flat rate
income tax. -
Ann Arbor Councilman Russell
J. Burns, who has been mentioned
By PETER STUART
The intent young man with
closely-cropped hair who had
been listening quietly to the
discussion with his chair bal-
anced back against the wall,
dropped the chair onto its four
legs and leaned forward across
the end of the long table, un-
consciously fingering his ma-
hogany gavel.'
"We must remember that the
Michigan Union, just like every
other students organization on
this campus, is fulfilling a spe-
cific role," he told those lining
either side of the table,
"Because the purpose of each
group is simply to do certain
things for the students, there
is no reason why they should
constantly compete with one
another.
Union-Leader
"Let's make the Union the
leader in ending this senseless-
and disastrous-battle of ac-
tivities."
It was a little speech the
Union's executive council had
heard it nresident. ThomasG .
tions on the campus fight
among themselves."
Activities Have Place
Tom concedes that this Uni-
versity will never be one in
which extra - curricular activ-
ities are highly emphasized, but
he is convinced each existing
activity has its place and always
will.
"The missing element in most
campus organizations is per-
haps the most important: per-
spective.
"They should re - evaluate
themselves in terms of what
they can best do for the stu-
dent and how they fit into the
whole pattern of student ac-
tivities. When this is done, the
various groups will see they,
must cooperate with each other
and the student will find he is
being better served."
Problem in Perspective
The main problemTom says,
is to communicate the idea of
perspective to the rank and file
workers of organizations. They
are often so indoctrinated with
the idealism of their respective
the students, through services
which better fulfill their needs
and wants.
Projects Expanded
"We tried to learn which pro-
jects. are most appreciated by
students, and consequently ex-
panded ones, like Airflight to
Europe and the Creative Arts
Festival. At the same time, we
promoted and improved our
most widely used facilities, such
as meeting rooms and the ball-
room."
In addition, under Tom's
direction the Union has acted as
pioneer in an intensified effort
to work with its fellow.organi-
zations instead of ignoring or
even competing against them.
Many of the Union's intentional
gestures of good will were taken
with something less than ap-
preciation, but Tom feels worth-
while progress was made.
Such setting of policy and
decision-making has been for
him the most valuable asset of
the Union job. "I say that only
in retrospect," he explains, "for
at first the responsibility was
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