t:,
Seventieth Year
EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIvERSITY OF MICHIGAN
SUNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phone No 2-3241
AT LYDIA MENDELSSOHN:
'Streetcar' Rattles Raw Emotion
"when Opinions Are Free
Truth WiU Prevail"
Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.
Y. FEBRUARY 19, 1960
NIGHT EDITOR: THOMAS HAYDEN
LV1Lii.yy w1 N.a sav yr -r iir s a ----
MSUO Can't Have
The Best of Two Worlds
LETTERS
to the
EDITOR
No Discrimination..
To the Editor:
THE INDIA Students Association
feels necessary to record its
complete disagreement with some
statements attributed to an Indian
student on campus published in an
interview in The Daily on Feb. 10.
In particular the Indian stu-
dents at Michigan feel that there
has been no discrimination against
them in the academic circles. Nor
can the association accept the al-
legation that most of the Indian
students come from prosperous
families and that their approaches
for aid and loans from the Univer-
sity represent a hoax
The particular interviewee has
mistakenly been called a represen.-
tative of the 163 Indian students.
His statements do not reflect the
general Indian opinion on the
campus..
--Suresh Jasani, Grad.
President, India
Students Association
-Naunit Kothary, Grad.
President, Indian
Chemical Engineers Assn.
I:
11
IN RESPECT to the recent acclaim showered
upon Michigan State University-Oakland, a
few important reservations may easily be ad-
vanced. Closer scrutiny of this embryo of an
intellectual factory reveals a dichotomy of in-
terests that, if left unchecked, may prevent
MSU-O from maturation.
MSU-O was founded partly on the hopes of
creating "an ideal university for our age,"
certainly a noble aim. Educators, community
leaders, even labor union officials took part in
planning the school's curriculum and guiding
the teaching towards a lofty end: "To produce
eggheads, not just from the gifted individual,
but from any reasonably able youngster."
That this is a fundamentally utopian idea
can not be argued. That it can be realized. or
even that it should be, is a problem beyond our
present scope. The difficulty, indeed the near,
impossibility, of achieving this at the Rochester
campus is clear when we examine the other
major reason for the construction of MSU-O.
THIS FRESHMAN university was designed as
a community college. It was to provide op-
portunities for higher education for secondary
school graduates in South Oakland County,
who because of academic (and to a lesser ex-
tent, financial) reasons, were unable to attend
the larger state-supported schools at Ann
Arbor, Detroit, and East Lansing. It would also
provide a temporary relief to the "crowded
classroom" situation now present.
The typical community college has, alas, usu-
ally been unable to attain superior or even
good academically interested students. These
local colleges, for the benefit of their students
and against some of the aims of true university
study, have had to soften and alter their cur-
ricula. Our University's rigid policy toward
maintenance of standards at the Dearborn Cen-
ter is a notable and praiseworthy exception.
In the former case, however, it might be argued
that the community colleges are serving their
Thinkig Man
TfHETHINKING MAN has come to
campus.
The current Interfraternity Council
advertising campaign includes eight
freshly-scrubbed and beaming "campus
leaders" saying in effect, "Give the fra-
ternity system a try.... We're BMOC
and should know."
... Bears a strong resemblance to the
intelligent arguments used by L&M ciga-
rettes, Hadacol, Ojibway Bitters .. . ad
infinitum.
-W. B. H,
' P. P.
own community best by emphasis on more vo-
cational studies and a less rigorous liberal arts
program.
Oakland is determined not to do this. It has
insisted on a high level of scholastic achieve-
ment.
NY APPARENT success of this program is
chillingly absent in the cold fact that over
40 per cent of students failed to attain passing
marks in the first quarter. A trip out to Roches-
ter seems to indicate even greater failure and
shows clearly the reasons for it.
The teaching level, text books, and course
offerings there are on a par with what you
might expect at an "ideal university."
The "Western Civilizations Course" is typical.
The textual materials are those of the Contem-
porary Civilization program initiated at Colum-
bia University. They include complex selections
from the works of philosophers, economists, and
historians from Plato to the present. The seri-
ousness of the school's founders is evident in
the fact that each student must elect this
course.
In this and in other classrooms, the emphasis
on the "egghead" is very pronounced. It seems
that "Intellectual" is used at least once per
hour of instruction.
LL THIS is good news to relate. The regret-
able aspect, does, however, exist. The stu-
dent body seems closer to that of a mediocre
high school.
The students are unresponsive and apathetic
in class, display little grasp of the assigned
readings, and display a gross naivete about
fundamental concepts of our society. They are
friendly and cheerful people, but don't appear
to understand, want, or even need the type of
education that is being offered to them. They
best present themselves as candidates for the
vocational training that Chancellor Varner and
his associates are attempting to avoid.-
(The lack of extracurricular activities has
been heralded as a major advancing step. Ad-
vocates of this theory will be disappointed to
learn that a student newspaper has been
formed, many non-academic clubs are in the
process of organization, and the student gov-
ernment is slowly being planned.)
T HE OAKLAND branch has not attracted the
type of students it wants for its intellectual
hatchery. It never will if it continues to adopt
a double-and contradictory-pose of egghead-
edness and community college service. Most of
its students are not capable nor for the most
interested in truly intellectual pursuits. MSU-O
owes it to them to supply the type of instruc-
tion that is most satisfying for them or to
destroy completely the notion of a community
college. It can not have both.
--MIKE OLINICK
TO THE BLARE of sad, smoky
jazz, the curtain rose on the
sad, sordid world of Tennessee
Williams' "Streetcar Named De-
sire." The Ann Arbor Civic Thea-
tre production was a bit ragged
about the edges of its William-
esque raw emotions, but it ex-
hibited some very fine acting and
an incredible intensity which the
hallmark of Williams' best-and
worst-plays.
Making her stage debut in the
complex role of the tormented
Blanche DuBois, Joan Martin
delicately on the borderline be-
tween bruised sensitivity and
shatteredrneurosis. Miss Martin's
performance was at times too
fluttery, even to portray patheti-
cally coy Blanche. Her first scene
was hampered by a coldness that
probably came from nerves.
Following this scene, however,
Mi. Martin gave a performance
ranging from competence to high-
ly sensitive portrayal. Her scene
with the outraged Mitch in Act
III was totally engrossing and
totally revealing. The wail with
which Blanche ends this scene
sums up her anguish, frustration,
and shame with an acuteness that
is close to pain.
After so ambitious and auspi-
cious a beginning, Miss Martin
should appear often on the Ann
Arbor stage.
* * *
FAMILIAR to Ann Arbor audi-
ences for her roles in "Cat on a
Hot Tin Roof" and recently for
her part in "Epitaph for George
Dillon," Estelle Ginn was grace-
fully competent. She performed
with a skill born of experience on
the stage, but perhaps more depth
could have been expected of the
complacent Stella. Only in the
final scene did the audience see
Stella as Blanche's sister.
That the two are sisters-that
the forces that crushed one have
insensitized the other-is impor-
tant to Williams' plot and should
be revealed-before the final cur-
tain.
As the "ape" Stanley, Tom Lil-
lard gave a beautifully bestial
performance. His crudeness has
subtleties of delivery which made
the performance more than hulk-
ing animalism, more than bom-
bast and gesture which it can
easily become. John Kokales was
well suited to the characterization
of the sensitive Mitch. His early
shyness, and later his fury at the
discovery of Blanche's past, were
simply and aptly drawn.
* * *
ELIA KAZAN, director of the
Broadway production, describes
-Daily--James warneka
"Streetcar" as "a message from
the dark interior." Williams has a
habit of draining the tragic mo-
ment to its last bitter drop. This
creates a terrific problem for
actors who must deliver "the cry"
that is the play.
The Civic Theatre players some-
times rattled off the track-they
were awkward at moments which
required nuance and finesse. But
these were rough spots in an
essentially smooth, very smooth,
production.
--3o Hardee
STUDENT GOVERNMENT:
Election Approach Confused?
By JEAN SPENCER
Daily staff Writer
IN STRIVING for an "intellec-
tual approach" to elections,
S t u d e n t Government Council
seems to vacillate between the
most optimistic view of the vot-
ing University student and the
most pessimistic.
Council members agree on the
objectives of this approach -
qualified candidates and informed
voters - but their ideas on the
means of achieving them vary.
The lack of relation among pro-
posed means aimed at a common
goal seems to confuse some Coun-
cil members. But the two objec-
STUDENT UNREST:
Franco s SPain-
Peace at Gunpoint
(EDITOR'S NOTE: The following Is from the Antioch College Record's
"University Series.")
By TERI LUCATORTO
IT IS 22 YEARS since Francisco Franco was named Caudillo (Chief)
and Generalissimo of the armed forces of Spain. In a speech com-
memorating that event, Franco lauded the country's accomplishments
during his rule-the new stabilization program, industrial development,
growth of cities.
Although Franco didn't say so, perhaps his greatest accomplish-
ment is having secured United States aid-almost $2 billion in economic
tives are not consistently united
in the philosophical attitude be-
hind the election rules instituted
by the Council.
* * *
POSITIVE action toward im-
proving the voter and the candi-
date during the last election re-
sulted in widespread publicity for
platform statements as opposed
to posters, giving the elections a
circus atmosphere.
If SOC thinks the University
student reads each candidate's
platform statement conscientious-
ly and votes for the candidates
he feels are best qualified, they
are optimistic.
But this optimism is tempered
by the spirit in which the Coun-
cil outlawed individual posters
and "gimmicks." The first time
posters were eliminated - last
fall's election - the voting-turn-
out hit a record low. Whether the
small turnout voted more intelli-
gently than ever is a matter of
conjecture.
* * *
AS ONE Council member com-
mented, "Members elected in any
given election tend to think the
voters were more intelligent than
usual, but ex officio members oft-
en disagree with this analysis."
A suggested middle ground be-
tween no posters (and virtually
no election) and the clever-to-
trite assortment of campaign ad-
vertisements concocted by candi-
dates to sell themselves is to pub-
licize the elections, not the indi-
viduals running, by means of
composite and general posters.
Clearly the Council feels that
the average voter must be shield-
ed from the evils of the hard sell
-not only are posters not al-
lowed, but campaign allowances
are limited.
At the same time, the require-
ment of 250 student signatures on
each candidate's petition has been
dropped. Rationale for this SGC
action is that collecting the sig-
natures is a routine and time-
consuming process, and that it
possibly discouraged students who
otherwise might have contributed
much to SGC.
BUT IF the Council wants to
sift the best qualified candidates
from University students, relaxing
the requirements may defeat their
purpose.
Only twelve candidates for eight
positions ran for SGC in the fall.
Easing requirements for candi-
dacy may help solve the serious
lack of student government ma-
terial, but it will certainly encour-
age students to regard candidacy
lightly-
In actions as ambiguous as
those relating to election rules
have been, SGC must stop confus-
ing rationale with rationalization.
DAILY
OFFICIAL
BULLETIN
(Continued from Page 2)
and adherence to a strict, definitive
display policy.
Adopted recommendation from the
Homecoming Review committee that
Student Government Council grant
the Michigan Union and the Michigan
League full administrative responsibil-
ity for all aspects of Homecoming, with
the understanding that in accordance
with the 1955 resolution, ultimate re-
sponsibility and sponsorship review ar-
rangements rest with the Council.
Heard oral report on meeting of Uni-
versity DevelopmentsCouncil and on
the Student Relations Board.
Approved Willopolitan bus transpor-
tation service to airports March 25, re-
turn April 4.
Received report from Restrictive
Practices Committee. Rejected a mo-
tion to accept the plan for future ac-
tion of the committee which would
bring recommendations to the Council
for consideration by April 15, in favor
of the following motion:
"That Student Government Council
replace the Restrictive Practices Com-
mittee by the following procedure to
take place before the full Council..
1) The Council will announce its in-
tention to take action in the area of
restrictive or discriminatory practices
in student organizations in implemen-
tatLion of the 1959 Regents By-law on
Discrimination.
2) The Council will receive and con-
sider proposals for such action with-
out comninlg to a vote.
3) The Executive Committee or indi-
viduals of its designation would collect
(Continued on Page 5)
An Open Letter . .
To the Editor:
IN ORDER to prevent any mis-
understandings liable to arise
regarding submission of petitions
for the Booths and Floats to
Michigras-1960, this committee
will outline here its formal proce-
dure for receipt and acceptance of
the petitions.
All housing groups (working in
units of two) have already re-
ceived a mimeographed pamphlet
to be filled in completely and con-
cisely, with only those questions
which we consider to be pertinent.
We have prepared this pamphlet
so that no petition may present
an advantageous appearance, and
thereby prejudice the acceptance
committee.
The pamphlets are due on Fri.,
Feb. 19, 1960 between 3 and 5 p.m.
only in Rms. 3B and 3D of the
Michigan Union. There will be no
pre-acceptances. As each petition
is submitted it will be put in a
manila envelope and numbered in
order. The number will then be re-
corded and the name removed
from that petition. In this man-
ner the acceptance committee will
not know what house is respon-
sible for what petition. We re-
quest that separate people sub-
mit the Booths and Parade peti-
tions in order to facilitate our op-
eration,
* *
THE NEXT STEP involves the
elimination of duplicate ideas. If
duplicate petitions are in order,
i.e., complete as required, that pe-
tition received first will be accept-
ed and the duplicate returned fro
resubmission, due on Mon., Feb,
29, 1960.
After all duplications are elim-
inated, the Parade Committee
chairmen plus one general chair-
man, and the Booths Committee
chairmen plus one general chair-
men will respectively, for their
event, accept all petitions which
in their judgments will benefit
Michigras' final presentation. This
judgement is necessary due to lim-
ited time in the case of the parade
and limited space, in the case of
the carnival; also, we hope to
maintain a high-quality through-
out. The President ok Student
Government Council and/or the
editor of The Daily are cordially
invited to attend these sessions.
Until all acceptances are final, the
committee will not see the name
of any house on any entry.
In our estimation,.this system
offers complete equity to every
entry, and at the same time, will
offer a better Michigras.
MICHIGRAS 1960
Central Committee
Harvey Lapides, '60
Joan Machalski, '60 A&D
I
Michigan Unicameral Needed
MICHIGAN'S gravest and most basic problem
today lies in the failure of its antiquated
nineteenth-century government to cope with or
even recognize the forces and problems of a
revolutionized state. Although the whole gov-
ernment needs overhauling to free positive
leadership from the hamstringing of nine-
teenth-century distrust for authority, the most
acute flaw is the legislature's insulation from
and unresponsiveness to the policy needs of a
new and ever-increasing urban majority. Shift-
ing population has left the legislature in the
control of old-era Republicans representing
sparsely populated rural districts which may
have been equitably apportioned fifty years
ago but which are now highly over-represented
and still are in the old era socially and eco-
nomically.
When urban voters-through Democrats or
Republicans-demand the services they must
have to meet their needs, they find only the
deaf ear of a legislature that neither repre-
sents nor even hears them. A unicameral legis-
lature-consisting say of the present house-
would be a vast improvmeent. Not only would
the delay and duplication of the bicameral be
eliminated, but representation would be entirely
on the basis of population while the house
"moiety clause" would still give rural areas
some edge over urban areas in representation,
rJHE MOST frequent opposition to a uni-
cameral has based itself on the claim that
such a change would "subvert democratic pro-
cess" because it would remove a "land ap-
portionment" compromise of urban and rural
Editorial Staff
THOMAS TURNER, Editor
PHILIP POWER ROBERT JUNKER
Editorial Director City Editor
OARLES KOZOLL ............ Personnel Director
JOAN KAATZ........,,............ Magazine Editor
JIM BENAGH ...........................Sports Editor
PETER DAWSON ........... Associate City Editor
interests in the bicameral system which is
asserted to be necessary to democracy by virtue
of being the very "compromise on the question
of majority rule and minority rights" that is
basic to democracy.
True, the compromise of majority and min-
ority is basic to democracy, but it Is not accom-
plished through allotment of institutional
power-and certainly not through giving the
greater power to a minority as "land apportion-
ment" does. Rather the compromise lies in
safeguarding any minority's position to oppose
and offer alternate courses to majority policy
without blocking it. The just and democratic
protection of a rural or of any minority lies
in the social restraints and constitutional limi-
tations that bind any legislative body-bi-
cameral or unicameral. Far from being sacred,
the bicameral system is an unrealistic copy of
national government erroneously comparing
mere state election districts to the unique and
sovereign states of the nation.
THE REAL CORE of opposition to a uni-
cameral is rooted in the premise that any
proposed change must hinge on continued rural
dominance whether majority or minority. That
it is Detroit and urban areas which constitute
a majority seems to be the very basis for usurp-
ing the majority. While assuming this "divine
right" of rural areas to rule and seeking to
minimize if not block any change, opposition to
a unicameral may even be expected to criticize
the present legislators for narrowly neglecting
the problems of their city cousins; but it is only
in this neglect that any problem will be recog-
nized. Yet this is not the real problem, for it
must be expected that any minority entrenched
within an antiquated system will ignore all de-
mands for action but its own-which in this
case are for inaction. Regardless of specific
situations, democracy must always take re-
course to the basic and guiding principle of
dominance by a majority equitably based upon
people-people whose rights permit them to
dissent from the majority thus protecting fur-
ther the legitimate rights of any minority.
In short, the legislature now continues to
aid, $400 million in military and
$350 million spent on United
States air and naval bases. With-
out this aid few or none of these
advances could have been made.
Beneath this facade of progress
there are undercurrents of insta-
bility. An example is the recent
attempt of the Generalissimo's
secret police to eradicate "illegal"
political activities and parties.
It is a rather complicated job
since Franco's Falange is the only
legal party in Spain. Arrests were
made last May after a group of
faculty and socialist students had
called a general strike protesting
Franco's rule.
*' * .9
THERE ARE 12 state-run uni-
versities in Spain. The Franco re-
gime felt that the state should
impose uniform modes of opera-
tion in the universities throughout
the country. But the whole history
of Spain is one of regional rather
than national movements. In unit-
ing the universities Franco has
destroyed local administrational
and cultural autonomy.
A step toward limiting student
activities was the creation by the
government of the SEU (Sindicato
Espanol Universitario). It has the
power to organize all university
students, draft all students of mil-
itary age into the University Mili-
tia, attempt to instill the "spirit
of the Falange" and participate in
the selection of students for ex-
change grants.
* * *
THE SEU is the only legal stu-
dent organization. Most legal
charges against students are for
belonging to illegal groups, such
as the student socialist organiza-
tion. On charges of belonging to
such illegal organizations students
can be held for weeks or months
before coming up before the Spe-
cial Tribunal - a high military
court.
The reason for the attempt to
establish administrative uniform-
ity in the universities is obvious-
political conformity can thus be
One political complaint which
recently attracted much attention
was about the OEEC (Organiza-
tion for European Economic Co-
operation). Spain received $400
million in credit under this plan
in return for a promis. that na-
tional finances, extrenely shaky,
be put in order. Franco has re-
fused to commit himself on the
plan and members of the Cortes
(Congress) are afraid to back or
oppose it in their fear of crossing
Franco.
* * *
STUDENTS have also com-
plained about their situation in
the universities. They delivered a
request in 1954 to the Minister of
Education proposing the organiza-
tion of a national student \con-
gress. They said the SEU was non-
representative. They said the uni-
versities were stagnant, intellectu-
al stimulation totally lacking and
material conditions miserable.
The request, signed by thous-
ands of students, was ignored.
Several days later, in the elections
for the SEU at the University of
Madrid, the Falangists were de-
feated.
A few segments of the party
refused to accept defeat and de-
clared the election void. Fighting
broke out between students and
Falangist shock troops. The Dean
was maltreated, one student al-
most fatally beaten. Faculty mem-
bers who had declared themselves
in support of the students were
dismissed.
The suppression of rights and
ideas is growing; it blankets al-
most every phase of university life.
The list of intellectuals sympa-
thetic to the plight of Spanish
students is growing too - Albert
Camus, Luis Alberta Sanchez, Wal-
do Frank, Jean Cassou.
* * *
GENERALISSIMO Franco must
be aware of all this agitation. Yet
he hopes for another 20 years of
what he calls his prosperous,
peaceful reign. He prays "with
the grace of God" to continue
.... Is My Ball in Your Way.. .."
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