THURSDAY, DECEMBER 5, 1963
THE MICHIGAN DAILY
PAGE THREE
THURSDAY, DECEMBER 5,1963 THE MICHIGAN DAILY PAGE THREE
Petition Could Release
Rights Bill Onto!Floor
__
Iirksen Vows Action
Next Year on Taxes
WASHINGTON 0P)-Assurance that the Senate will act "early
next year" on the tax bill and will make it retroactive to Jan. 1
was given to President Lyndon B. Johnson yesterday by Senate
Republican Leader Everett M. Dirksen (Ill).
The senator, who is a member of the Senate Finance Committee,
told newsmen he had assured Johnson there would be "no dilatory
tactics-no delay in moving along as fast as possible" on the measure.
Dirksen's talk of speed came onI
ACS STATISTICS:
Study Relates Smoking, Disease
For House
TO VISIT PALESTINE:
Pope Deerees Chan
For Mass, Sacramen
VATICAN CITY (t)-Pope Paul VI yesterdayc
Catholicism's greatest reform in worship in 1700 years
He then told his bishops they must assume a g
church government.
3 Addressing the Vatican Ecumenical Council, h
plans for an unprecendented personal pilgrimage
month to the Holy Land-the first by a reigning pon
"reform, in the,
D 0 it
Discussion
List Awaits
218 Names
its For Effect
decreed Roman
Would Free Package
reater share in From Rules Group
e also revealed WASHINGTON (M)-A drive in
sometime next the House to get the civil rights
tiff. The liturgy bill out of the hostile hands of
first Roman il t of the hosti1e h
rhI.irLO s imiI .J rd V Smith (D_
U.S. Increases
EEC Tariffs
By $26 Miion
WASHINGTON (P)-The United
States yesterday increased tariffs
on several products from the Eu-
ropean Economic Community be-
cause of what it called "unreason-
able import restrictions" on poul-
try from this country.
Most-favored-nation tariffs on
the items involved will be suspend-
ed Jan. 3 unless, in the meantime,
the Common Market grants rea-
sonable access to U.S. poultry.
White House Press Secretary
Pierre Salinger estimated that the
tariff increases, including the cost
of insurance and freight, will ap-
proximate $26 million annually..
President Lyndon B. Johnson,
by proclamation, suspended the
most-favored-nation treatment for
the articles involved, but provided
the lower tariffs may be restored
if the Common Market agrees to
reasonable access for United States
poultry.
The presidential action repre-
sented the last step in the "chicken
war" with the Common Market..
The higher tariffs will g6 into ef-
fect in 30 days.
The dispute with the Common
Market on poultry ended with a
ruling of an independent panel set
up by GATT (General Agreement
on Tariffs and Trade) in Novem-
ber.
Catholic councilar decree since
the proclamation of papal infal-
libility by the last previous coun-
cil 93 years ago, opened the way
for the use of modern languages in
the Mass and sacraments. Latin
had been used since the third
century A.D.
Progressive
Pope Paul's appeal to the bish-
ops to clarify their role in church
government put him on the side
of progressive prelates advocating
such a review in the interest of
Christian unity.
His announcement about a trip
to Palestine in January was more
than just a travel plan.
Implicit in it was a basic deci-
sion to promote a relatively new
policy of openness in .the Roman
Catholic Church, whose pontiffs
have spent most of this century
as voluntary prisoners in the Vati-
can,
Accomplishments
In terms of specific business, the
council's second phase produced
far more than the opening des-,
sion under Pope John XXIII.
Even before the second session
opened in September, Pope Paul
had set up - a system of council
moderators or presiding officers,
appointing four cardinals close to
him to get the council moving
faster.
The session also completed de-
bate on two topics, dealing with
the nature of the church and the
work of bishops and diocesan gov-
ernment, and the first three chap-
ters of a five-chapter document
on Christian unity.
c alrrn a n waru . a11il -
Va) of the rules committee picked
up steam yesterday.
The White House, civil rights
groups and the Democratic lead-
ership joined in a campaign to
line up support for a petition that
would permit the bill to be brought
to the House floor.
The petition is due to be filed
Monday and 218 members-a ma-
jority of the 435-member body-
must sign it before it can take
effect.
Breakdown
Although a far greater number
is believed' to support the bill,
many members-including most
Republicans-regard discharge pe-
titions as a breakdown of orderly
procedure and refuse to sign them.
At a meeting of House Repub-
licans yesterday Republican lead-
er Charles A. Halleck (Ind) said
he would not sign the petition. So
did Rep. William M. McCulloch
(R-Ohio) who helped write the
civil rights bill as ranking GOP
member of the House Judiciary
Committee.
Fears have been raised that the
move may threaten the bill's shaky
bipartisan support.
The Democratic leadership has
resorted to the discharge petition
plan because of Smith's refusal to
schedule hearings or even say
when any nfight be held.
Strategy
The strategy is/to get as many as
150 Democrats to sign the peti-
tion in the first two or three days.
If they do,, the leadership feels
Republicans cannot withstand the
pressure civil rights groups would
bring to bear on them for the
other 68 signatures.
However, Rep. Richard Bolling
(D-Mo), a leading House supporter
of the civil rights bill, told a
group of civil rights leaders yes-
terday that even if 218 signatures
should be obtained quickly, the
chances are that no action will be
taken on the bill until January.
Urge Passage
Meanwhile, a giant civil rights
meeting urged Johnson and con-
gressional leaders of both parties,
to keep the House in session with-
out a Christmas recess to pass a
civil rights bill this year.
The leaders of 80 national
church, labor, racial and political
organizations pledged a massive
drive to drum up nationwide sup-
port of this effort.
And their statement, approved
by 200 delegates attending the
day-long conference, pledged "un-
swerving support" to congressmen
prepared to sign a petition requir-
ed to force the rights measure out
of the House Rules Committee for-
a vote.
top of a statement earlier by Sen.
Harry F. Byrd (D-Va), chairman
of the finance committee, saying it
is entirely possible the committee
will reach some decisions on the
bill before Christmas.
Plea for Actionj
Taken together, the statements
by Dirksen and Byrd seemed to
hint at a stepped-up pace on the
$11-billion tax cut measure in
response to Johnson's plea last
week for quick action. But Dirksen
stressed that this does not neces-
sarily mean the Senate will act
during January.
Before going to the White
House, Dirksen had predicted that
the bill might reach the White
House-after Senate floor action
and a Senate-House conference-
around March 1. After breakfast
with the President, Dirksen told
newsmen he had told Johnson he
"thought I could assure him that
there will be a tax bill next year
and that it will be retroactive."
Byrd and others have opposed
cutting taxes without_ matching
cuts in federal spending. They
have indicated they want to see
next year's budget' proposals,
which will be submitted in Jan-
uary, before voting on a tax bill.
'Good Talk'
Dirksen said he had "a very
considerable discussion" w i t h
Johnson on the budget. But the
senator declined to give newsmen
any estimate of its size.
The finance committee plans to
conclude its lengthy hearing on
the tax bill by the end of this
week or early next week. Dirksen
said he told Johnson this may
permit the group to consider some
amendments to the measure before
Congress begins its Christmas re-
cess on Dec. 20.
O'Brien Calls
For Revision
Of Constitution
By The Associated Press
LANSING-Rep. E. D. O'Brien
(D-Detroit) yesterday launched a
campaign among House members
for a special election next spring
to revise parts of the new state
constitution which takes effect
Jan. 1.
The goal of the article-by-article
study of the constitution is bipar-
tisan agreement on non-controver-
sial changes. O'Brien is head of
a constitutional revision commit-
tee of House Democrats.
His campaign began yesterday
with a preliminary meeting of in-
tereste House Democrats.
"But I will broaden it later to
include Republican members," he
said.
O'Brien would like to delete one
clause which requires the fund-
ing each year of public employe
pension liabilities incurred that
year. He contends the idea will in-
volve an annual multi-million dol-
lar cost.
O'Brien also objects to a state-
ment in the new state constitu-
tion's bill of rights that the Leg-
islature shall implement civil
rights guarantees. He contends the
language should state a basic prin-
ciple and not require implementa-
tion.
By The Associated Press
PORTLAND, Ore .-The death
rate among a large group of cig-
aret smokers during a period of
nearly three years was more than
twice as high as among a similar
group of non-smokers, an Ameri-
can Cancer Society expert said
yesterday.
Dr. E. Cuyler Hammond, direc-
tor of the society's statistical re-
search, reported new evidence in
the relationship of cigaret smok-
ing to death and disease in a
paper delivered at the American
Medical Association's 17th clinical
meeting.
Matching 36,975 men over 40
who smoked a pack of cigarets or
more a day with the same num-
ber of non-smokers, Hammond,
said 1,385 of the smokers died'
during the 34 month period of the
study. Only 662 non-smokersdied.
"virtually innocuous" because
these smokers seldom inhale.
Hammond said the death rate
of smokers who did not inhale
was 1.64 times as high as the
death rate of non-smokers, but
this figure rose to 2.22 for smok-
ers who inhaled deeply. The rela-
tionship between rates and degree
of inhalation increased with age.
Supports Program
Supporting the cancer society's
teenage smoking program, Ham-
mond reported that the earlier
smoking is started, the greater the
daily consumption and the deeper
the inhaling.
Among the men aged 40 to 49,
Hammond said the death rate of
those who began smoking before
GERMAN HOURO
from 7-8 P.M.
WAAM Radio
1600 on your dial
/
Ratios
ALDO MORO
... new premier
Italy Names
New Cabinet
ROME toP-Italy got a new left-
leaning government yesterday,
making Catholic Christian Demo-
crats and Socialists cabinet part-
ners for the first time since 1947.
Christian Democrat leader Aldo
Moro wound up nearly a month
of bitter negotiations by telling
President Antonio Segni he would
serve as premier. Socialist leader
Pietro Nenni was named deputy
premier in the 26-member cabinet.
Moro's government is based on
a four-party accord expressing
loyalty to the North Atlantic
Treaty Organization in foreign
policy and providing economic
planning in domestic policy.
The accord also allows the gov-
ernment to participate in studies
of a NATO multilateral nuclear
force but withholds any commit-
ment.
Moro was asked by Segni on
Nov. 11 to force a government to
end the lingering political crisis
off by last April's national elec-
tion, when the dominant Chris-
tian Democrats suffered a setback
at the polls and the Communists
gained a million new votes.
Moro's government, the 25th
since the fall of fascism in World
War I, also includes the Demo-
cratic Socialists and the Republi-
cans.
r. .1
they were 15 was 1.8 times as high
as those who started smoking
after 25 and 2.9 times as high as
those who never smoked regularly.
The report expanded earlier
studies by providing data on men
under 50 and over 70.
Hammond noted that the cig-
aret-lung cancer relationship4in-
creased with age. In the 40-69
age group, the lung cancer death
rate was 7.86 times higher among
cigaret smokers while in the 70-
89 age group the ratio went up to
19.07.
He said lung cancer deaths were
"considerably lower" among men
who had given up smoking for
several years than among those
who continued to smoke.
-- ----"
Of the cigaret smokers, 110 died
of lung cancer while only 12 of the
non-smokers died of that disease.
Coronary artery disease killed 654
smokers and 304 hon-smokers.
Each man in one group was
matched as closely as possible
with a man in the other group as
to age, race, size, religion, resi-
dence (urban or rural), education,
marital -status, drinking habits,
nervous tension and other factors.
"It is hard to escape the con-
clusion that this difference in
number of deaths was due to the
difference in smoking habits," Dr.
Hammond said.
Statistics
Other statistics in the report
showed that:
-Fifty per cent more heavy
cigaret smokers than non-smokers
were hospitalized during a period
of two years.
-Death rates increase with the
degree of inhalation of smoke.
-Death rates are highest among
men who began to smoke earliest.
-Pipe and cigar smoking are
House Denies
.ROTC .design
For Expansion
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON-The House re-
fused Tuesday to pass a Reserve
Officers' Training Corps bill that
had no ban on racial segregation.
This does not automatically kill
the bill. Rep. P. Edward Herbert
(D-La), who introduced the meas-
ure has the right to ask the rules
committee to allow it to come
before the House under its regular
procedures. After the vote, how-
ever, Herbert said he would not
try to bring up the bill again.
Rep. Otis Pike (D-NY) com-
plained that Hebert had brought
up the bill under procedures that
made it impossible for congress-
men to amend it.
Pike wanted an amendment that
would halt ROTC funds to any
school that refused admission to
students because of their race or
color. The bill itself would expand
and revise the high school and
college ROTC programs.
But Hebert, chairman of the
House Armed Services subcom-
mittee, called, up the bill under
suspension of the rules. This
blocks amendments and permits
only 40 minutes of debate. Under
this procedure, however, the bill
must win a two-thirds vote to
pass. It failed on a 176-154 roll
call vote, far short of the needed
two thirds.
The bill would expand junior
ROTC from 254 high schools to a
maximum of 2000 high schools,
and would continue the present
four-year ROTC program in col-
leges, but allow a two-year pro-
gram in those colleges that wish-
ed one. It would also increase a
scholarship program in colleges
and would increase monthly re-
tainer pay for all ROTC students
from $27 to $50 a month.
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By The Associated Press
WINNIPEG - The Canadian
Wheat Board announced yester-
day Communist China has made
a second 18.7 million-bushel wheat
purchase worth about $35 million
under the long-term agreement
signed last April.
TAIPEI, Formosa - Finance
Minister C. K. Yen was named
premier of Nationalist China yes-
terday, replacing Vice-President
Chen Cheng. Chen, generally re-
garded as President Chiang Kai-
Shek's political heir, resigned
yesterday. Ill health was the an-
nounced reason, but informed
sources said he was irked because
Chiang made several military and
civil appointments without con-
sulting him.
PARIS-The Western Eurdpean
Union, an advisory body of legis-
lators from the six Common Mar-
ket countries and Britain, voted
yesterday to oppose the United
States-proposed nuclear force
made up of the nations of the
North Atlantic Treaty Organiza-
tion.
* * *
WASHINGTON-President Lyn-
don B. Johnson set as a goal for
his administration yesterday a 5
million increase in jobs to a rec-
ord total of 75 million in a meet-
ing with the AFL-CIO Executive
Council and members of the Busi-
ness Council.
WASHINGTON-An uprising of
a Communist organization in the
Dominican Republic against the
government was reported yester-
day by J. A. Bonilla Atiles, Domin-
ican ambassador to the Organiza-
tion of American States. He said
groups of the "June 14" movement,
announced that they were going
into the hills as guerrilla fighters.
NEW YORK-Trading was mix-
ed yesterday on the New York
Stock Exchange. Dow-Jones aver-
ages showed industrials up 3.69,
rails down .07, and utilities down
.24. The 65 stocks were up .63.
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