* r )Stiian &dtJJy
Seminy-Third Year
~ ErrED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS Of THE UNIVERSIY OF MCHTGAx
UNDER AUtHORTY OF BOARD N CONTROi OF SUDENT PU ric&m'Ns
n Are F" STUDENT PIUBUCATIONS BwG., ANN ARBO, MscH., PHONE No 2-3241
'Wed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. TIA, must be noted in all reprints.
'OUTCONSERVATIVE':
Republican Problems
In Segregationist South
"where Q
Truth
Editor
DECEMBER 6, 1962.
NIGHT EDITOR: PHILIP SUTIN
OSA Evaluation:
Time To Start Again
AT ONE POINT in its discussion of student
affairs philosophy the Reed report of the
Office of. Student Affairs Study committee
makes the following statement concerning the
student: "he is actively encouraged to question,
to accept nothing submissively and uncritic-'
ally."
Yet the Reed report seems to have disregard-
ed completely its own advice, for nowhere in
the report is there a discussion of the most
fundamental question. regarding the OSA:
whether there should be an OSA in the first
place..
Although the concerns and responsibilities of
the OSA have never been explicitly spelled out
by the Regents, the Reed report notes that,
"When it was propdsed in 1954, that the Re-
gents create the office of vice-president for
student affairs, it was stated that he should
have responsibility for the coordination and
development of this whole area of the non-
academic aspects of student life and Univer-
sity relationships."
When the position was created the Daily
editor of that year viewed it as a means of
getting rid of student-administration tension
and as a channel through which student prob-
lems and ideas could more easily reach the
higher administration and the Regents.
University President Harlan H. Hatcher said
that the vice-president's job would be "the
coordination and development of nonacademic
aspects of student life." However there is no
bylaw. or note in the Regents minutes specifi-
cally deliniating the role and duties of the
vice-president.
He has been given veto power over the ac-
tions of Student Government Council, and he
has come to have the principal position in rec-
' ommnending and imlementing rules and regula-
tions governing student organization, discipline
and general campus life.
TIS POWERof the vice-president's has
come under criticism from many sources.
The criticism is based on the concept of a
University which holds that this is a place
where each student is to be allowed the
maximum intellectual growth according to his
potential. This is in opposition to the concept
which .sees the university as a service organ-
ization where the emphasis is on the classroom
where the student memorizes the facts which
will help him to be useful to society later on
in life.,
This latter view is ivory towerish because it
does not relate what is learned to the student's
present life and development. Knowledge is all
life and experience and thus the intellectual
maturation of the student takes place both
in and out of the classroom; and the more ex-
tensive his experiences the more he will ma-
ture.
Thus it follows that the educational process
is best served by allowing the student self-
responsibility commerisurate with his ability to
handle it.
A STUDENT at a University with a reputa-
tion that this one enjoys is obviously con-
sidered by society to be near the peak of
intellectual and personal maturity when com-
pared to others in his age group. Yet consider
the situation of our peers who are not at a
university. Many of them are independent, some
of them are married. Such choices as driving,
hours, and places to live are all decisions
reserved for them; they set their own way of
life and society lets them do it.
Yet at the University, where one is suppos-
sedly getting training for future life, participa-
tion in the decision making process that de-
termines how a student will live is extremely
limited. Yet students' are the ones in whom
society is placing its greatest trust for the
future. (If you see a paradox in this you are
right.)
HE REED committee recognized this when
it said that the student "should be expected
to participate fully in decisions affecting his
welfare. He should help to formulate, uphold,
and enforce the rules by which he is to live
in the University community. He should work
with faculty and administration for the broad
welfare of the University tempering his self-
interest to the common good." It asserted that
without such freedom and responsibility the
student cannot grow.
This should have led to the recommendation
that responsibility for the formulation and
implementation of student regulations should
be vested in a student government which was
responsible directly to the Regents. Since this
would have been designed primarily as a
legislative body, an all-university student cal-
andering body should have been established
to take care of administrative work connected
with student concerns.
UNFORTUNATELY the Reed committee did
not see such a structure as the logical
development of its thesis, and neither did
vice-president Lewis. If they had, it is safe
to assume that the OSA might now look very,
different.
enlarged to conform to the concept described
above. However there is no reason that all
these services have to be limited to students-
faculty and administrators if desired could
benefit too. Therefore once the OSA lost its
control of student rules and regulations its
name -should be changed to the Office of
University Services.
HOW WOULD this affect the existing struc-
ture? It would most seriously alter the
office of student organizations and activities.
Since most of the work concerning these would
be done by the student government and calen-
daring committees all that would really be
needed would be one or two liason people who
would keep the administration informed on
what the organizations were doing but who
would have no power to legislate or veto
because the students would be responsible
only to the Regents.
These liason people could also act as the
go between for the University and the city of
Ann Arbor in any civic cases that involve the
city, students or faculty.
THIE OFFICE for financial aids 'would also
be altered. University scholarships and loan
funds can be divided into two categories-
those restricted to students of a particular
school or college and those covering the Uni-
versity as a whole. It might be a wise move
to transfer the administration of the restricted
scholarships to their various schools and de-
partments. This would probably impose an
increased administrative burden on the af-
fected units but this would probably be com-
pensated for by allowing a more intensive
appraisal of the applicnts.
The office for housing would remain pretty
much the same. There would be a director and
administrative assistants who would handle
housing applications and possibly be in charge
of hiring people for the dorms and quads with
students participating in the decisions. There
should also be a person concerned with off-
campus housing, mainly in the area of dis-
crimination. The office could also help faculty
and other administrators who might have
housing problems.
The office of the coordinator of counseling
would remain similar to its present set-up.
Right now the OSA serves as a sort of liason
and clearing house for all types of counseling
which individually are handled by the con-
cerned departments and orga'nizations. Thus,
for example, academic counseling is handled
by various schools and colleges, aptitude testing
is handled by the Division of Evaluations and
Examinations and psychiatric counseling by
mental hygiene. The counseling coordinator
acts as a clearinghouse and information bureau
for whichever division requests aid.,
THE WHOLE office would be presided over
by a vice-president for university services,
or perhaps under another title, depending on
the structure as authorized by the Regents. The
heads of the various offices would. be directly
responsible to the vice-president.
The mandate for the office would concern
itself with the administration of those services
which the University almost by definition has
to provide.
TO SOME the whole idea of this revision
may seem superfluous. After all the OSA
has almost completed a major revision and
this is not even giving it a chance to work.
The OSA has recently been minutely scrutiniz-
ed by both the faculty's student relations com-
mittee and the Reed committee.
The examination was fine, the implementa-
tion was not. Admittedly the structural morass
was cleared up and lines of authority straight-
ened. However in terms of doing something
about the lack of student responsibility the new
oragnization merely plays lip service to all
the fine sounding phrases in the philosophy
section of the Reed report.
The advisory committee to the vice-president
may look like an increase in student participa-
tion but this is negated by the weakness and
ineffectualness of the committee itself. For
example it is the vice-president and not the
committee who will determine whether the
committee is to be covered by the Daily or
not, and the committee does not vote, it only
advises. What also has not changed is the
basic attitude held by the administration and
the Regents that the University must be
parent as well as teacher to the sojourning
student.
WITH THE EXCEPTION of the filling of
the new director of housing position and
the clearing up of some minor lines of author-
ity within one or two departments of the
office, the OSA has ended its transition. The
cry will go up that major liberalization and
reform has taken place and that anybody who
is not pleased is either an extremist or a
troublemaker. But the above proposals are
neither. They are made with the recognition
that the OSA is not an organization that can
By ELLEN SILVERMAN
THE CHANCES for revival of a
two-party system in the South
have been predicted in repeated
elections where seemingly "out-of-
nowhere" Republicans gain large
voter support from a usually
Democratic electorate.
Much of the same type of po-
litical prophesying has been done
in reference to the recent elec-
tions when veteran Democrat Sen-
ator Lister Hill narrowly missed
being defeated by an ulra-conser-
vative Republican James Martin.
Martin typifies the new Repub-
lican of the South for his segrega-
tionist, anti-Washington policies,
which were even more extreme
than Hill's. The Southern Repub-
lican appeals to the same voters
that the ,Democrat does, only he
seems to give the electorate more
of the same, "a little bit louder
and a little bit worse.'
* * *
THE PROSPECTS of a revival
of the party in the South have
worried some of the more liberal
Northern Republicans who fear
that a stand like the party is tak-
ing in the South will injure party
hopes for gaining large Negro
and liberal votes in the North.
The Republicans have decided
to forego the traditional Lincoln-
ian Republicianism which encom-
passed conservative economic pol-
icies while stressing the import-
ance of civil rights. Instead, the
party leaders in the South have
dropped the civil rights plea en-
tirely from the platform and at-
tempt to "outconservative" the
Democrats.
Many of the problems of the
Democratic party stem from this
same type of division; while the
Northern members of the party
agitateforsocial welfare laws the
Southerners insist on economy in
government spending, little or no
social legislation and absolutely no
civil rights.
* * *
THE Republican party may
soon find itself caught in the
same dilemma. The image of the
party has slowly been changing
and the more liberal members
have been nominated more prom-
inently for party leadership or
presidential nomination,
The Democratic party in the
meantime has begun to appeal to
the Negro and labor vote through-
out the country. It is fairly clear
that the party will not stop at ap-
pealing only in the North but will
soon turn to the South. Attorney
General Robert Kennedy's action
in the University of Mississippi
case emphasizes that the leader-
ship of the party at the moment
it not willing to submerge its aims
for the benefit of the Southern
wing.'
Consequently, for the Democrats
it seems as if the emphasis will
decidedly tend toward' appealing
to the Negro vote and this ulti-
mately will prove significant in
the South when the Negro vote
becomes important. If through re-
apportionment within the South-
ern states, and recent Supreme
Court decisions seem to be push-
ing this forward, the Negro ur-
ban vote does become more im-
portant, the Republicans could
only lose by the new, conservative
approach.
IN THE short run, however, the
Republican party can pull more
votes from the Democrats in a
contest of conservatives. But once
the entire South is given the fran-
chise, and this includes the Negro
vote, Republicans will probably
lose.
The results of one election can-
not predict results for the future;
in both 1910 and 1928 large seg-
ments of the South went Republi-
can and then, too, political pre-
dictors claimed that a chink had
been made in the iron of the Solid
South. In both cases the pundits
proved wrong.
* * *
BUT if the 1962 election trends
will hold the future of party poli-
tics, the South is at least chang-
ing. Republican inroads could de-
velop into large trends which will
swing some of the usually assured
Democratic votes away from the
party.
Yet in 1960 these trends were
not seen. And it may be even more
possible that they will not again
emerge in 1964 since a presidential
election is vastly different from
Congressional contests.
The chances of Republicans se-
curing the nomination for a con-
servative candidate is improbable
and prospects for securing it for
a segregationist are even dimmer.
The Republican leadership, as'
mentioned before, is now held by
more liberal Republicans and the
only possible conservative candi-
date would be Goldwater, who does
not have segregationist leanings.
* * *'
THE segregationist wing may
even hurt the Republican party
more than help it, for liberal
Northerners will have the same
hard time justifying stands taken
by their brethern in the South
that Democrats have today. And
in the process of building up a
party based on segregation in the
South, Republicans lose some
Northern Yvotes.
Of course the future alone holds
the answers 'to the problems of
both parties but if the trends con-
tinue there can be no other result
than a split within the Republican
party similar to that in the Demo-
cratic party today while the Dem-
ocrats will find themselves pushed
more and more to the left.
NOW more than ever Southern
Democrats, too, are moderating
their views and even are found
voting for administration meas-
ures.
These trends plus the move of
the Republicans toward the right
make it clear that a change is in
the making. If the Democrats con-
tinue on their present course and
the Republicans do the same, the
country may soon see a change of
roles for the parties and a conse-
quent number of new problems
for both.
SECURITY CLEARANCES:
Dangerous Practices-Lurk
By PHILIP SUTIN
W HILE the federal security
system has functioned smooth-
ly at the University, several
theoretical dangers lurk.
In the seven-year tenure of the
current University SecurityiOf-
ficer, Joseph J. Keeley, no hitches
have developed. Approximately
200 clearances a year go through
his office exactly 37 days after ap-
plication. There are no complaints
and no one objects-just like
clockwork.
Despite the silence of applicants
and officials there are problems
with the security system. The Uni-
versity Research Security Office
tried to draw interest to this prob-
lem with an essay contest in
1956. However, none of the en-
gineer-contestants came up with
anything significant, Keeley re-
calls.
** *
THE CLEARANCE system is an
incentive to political silence and
to apoliticalness, both on the par-
tisan and ideological level. Ques-
tions on the "certificate of non-
affiliation with certain organiza-
tions" tend to make potential
scientists shy away from any kind
of political organization-especial-
ly if it is outside the majority
view.
The form asks two things,
basically. One is whether the ap-
plicant at one time or another
was ever connected with any or-
ganization aimed at overthrowing
or changing the government by
unconstitutional means. The sec-
ond and more famous, asks wheth-
er the applicant' was ever af-
filiated with the Communist Party,
the Nazis, the Ku Klux Klan and
about 300 other-mostly innocuous
sounding-organizations.
It probes deeper than just mem-
bership. It wants to know if the
applicant had anything, but the
most casual connection with these
forbidden organizations. It asks if
the person ever distributed litera-
ture or contributed articles for
their publications.
* * *
ANSWERING YES to any of
these questions wil not negate
clearances. However, it will make
the applicant's chances less sure.
He will have to explain these satis-
factorily and be subject to more
intense, investigation than some-
one who has never been involved
with these organizations.
Such specific requirements-
coupled with the request on the
"personnel security questionnaire"
for a listing of membership in all
organizations except labor unions
ON SMOKING:
Federal Action Needed
By ROBERT SELWA
AN IMPORTANT official who
smokes about a package of
cigarettes a day commented this
week on the relationship between
government and smokers. He is
Anthony Celebregge, Secretary (for
the betterment) of Health, Educa-
tion and Welfare, but his com-
ments will do little to advance the
cause of health.
A panel of 10 scientists was set
up recently by the Public Health
Service this fall to study the dan-
gers of smoking and to formulate
"recommendations for action."
Celebrezze said this week that
even if the committee finds smok-
ing harmful, the Government
should not tell people to give up
cigarettes. "I firmly believe that
it is not the proper role of the
Federal Government to tell citi-
zens to stop smoking" whatever
the scientists conclude, he declar-
ed.
"You can kill yourself by over-
eating, overdrinking and other
overindulgences," he continued.
"Prohibition did not work. And
we don't prevent the sale of rat
poison, although it can kill hu-
mans."
* *' *
ASIDE FROM the matter that
prohibition was an irrational law
rather than a logical recommenda-
tion as Celebrezze could make,
there are other things wrong with
his position.
That the government does not
prevent the sale of rat poison
although it can kill humans, is
right. Rat poison is intended for
rats and used primarily and law-
fully on them. unlawfully on hu-
take poison. And the government
agency most concerned with the
nation's health, and thus most
obliged to do as much 'as possible
to promote it, is the department
that Celebrezze heads.
THE GOVERNMENT in fact
should alreadybe trying to do
something about the dangers of
smoking because the Government
has already taken a position on
these dangers. Three years ago
the surgeon general, then Dr. Le-
roy Burney, said the government's
position was that the evidence im-
plicated smoking as "the principal
etiological (causative) factor in
the increased incidence of lung
cancer." According to The New
York Times that position still
stands and few scientists contend
that any new evidence will reverse
it.
Chances are that the panel will
come up with evidence that will
reinforce and that can broaden
the Government's position. If and
when that occurs, the Government
in general and the department of
HEW in particular should press
full force for the eradication of
smoking, even if this means a
drop in revenue from the heavily-
taxed tobacco industry.
Already some Congresmen have
been demanding a Government
education campaign to inform
citizens, particularily young people,
of the danger of smoking. Some
wanted cigarette packs labeled
with a danger sign; this could
prove fruitful. A death's skull
would be appropriate.
IT IS significant that these de-
-cause potential researchers in
sensitive areas to think twice be-
fore Joining.
What are the chances that this
organization may 10 or 20 years
from now be included on the at-
torney general's blacklist? The ap-
plicant= probably has seen such
cases as that of Prof. J. Robert
Oppenheimer who was denied
clearance essential to his work
because of his former association
with left-wing causes.
Further, the defense department
shows its distrust of college and
university personnel when it re-
quires from the university any
evidencer"derrogatory or other-
wise" from its personnel files that
would be of aid to military author-
ities. This information is not re-
quested from private contractors
doing similar defense work.
* *' *
FORTUNATELY, the University
ignores this regulation. Its secur-
ity procedures are centralized and
fair. The University Research
Security Office is the only agency
that deals in security matters and
it asks for nothing beyond the re-
quired forms. It does not seek ap-
plicant's academic records which
might contain derogatory, but ir-
relevant information, saying that
these are only useful for hiring
purposes and the office has no-
thing to do with that.
The Office of Academic Affairs
is Involved inthis matter so the
results of clearance applications
are forwarded to it. Nothnig dam-
aging has happened as no one in
recent years has been denied clear-
ance. But a denial would certainly
result in at least a loss of status
within the University.
Are these stringent procedures
reallynecessary? If someone is a
spy, the past is irrelevant. His
present contacts are the important
ones that should be investigated.
Digging up the past seems a super-
flous pasttime designed for char-
acter assassination.
THUS a series of potential pit-
falls face the student hoping to
work on classified projects. An
easy escape has been staying out
of politics and asking no ques-
tions. Thus few scientists or
science students are found among
campus political activists.
The security clearance system
also hinders the flow of informa-
tion. Keeley minimized this, saying
the military has expanded research
opportunities and that classified
information is too specialized for
general research use.
However, there is classified in-
formation that may be of value
in unclassified projects. For ex-
ample, the Acoustics and Seismic
Laboratory is -doing secret re-
search on the difference between
conventional explosive and earth-
quake caused shock waves and
underground nuclear blast-caused
shock waves. This material has
turned up information on the
earth's mantle and the laboratory
will put this to use in the inter-
national Upper Mantle Project.
However, how much of this is
classified and unavailable links
in the geologists study?
RESEARCHERS only get clear-
ances on' their "need to know" the
AT LYDIA MENDELSSOHN:
Carmen worth Seeing
F YOU HAVE TICKETS for the music school's production of "Car-
men" later this week, you may be able to sell them at a slight profit
as the remaining performances at Lydia Mendelssohn are sold out; but
I do not particularly recommend it. The opening last night had its ups
and downs and can best be described as adequate in sum. The music
remains well worth an evening and hearing it with an English libretto
adds immeasurably to one's comprehension.
Some of the flaws were beyond the control of the performers. I
met a mathematician during intermission who explained the logic to
me. One can hardly do with less than one trombone. To balance this
takes at least a dozen strings and other instruments. The required chor-
us of about 20 leads to an impossi-
ble traffic jam on the miniscule
stage at Lydia Mendelssohn. Be-
sides, the soloists, as soon as they
step back behind the proscenium
become audibly lost in an anechoic
limbo.
' , , ,
BUT FAR WORSE was Jane Pie-
per's cold, which nearly finished
here off before Don Jose could.
This was a pity for in the first
act, while still strong-voiced, she
revealed a vocal quality of rich-
ness and suavity unaccompanied
by the clouded diction which so
often mars a luscious voice.
It is also unusual to see a Car-
men who is non-vocally luscious.
I was astounded when D. J. refused
to go to the mountains with her.
But that was Larry Jarvis's only
serious mistake. It took him
a while to get on the road, but
after the first act he came through
strong, clear, and dramatic until
the end.
DAVID SMALLEY'S Escamillo
was the weak spot among the prin-
cipals. One can scarcely imagine a
less enthusiastic reading of the
Toreador song than his. Elizabeth
Olsen's Micaela was of mixed
worth. Her voice is clear, seems
much larger than she, and is mu-
sically well controlled. But it is,
marred by poor diction at frequent
intervals.
But an opera is not all sound.
CINEMA GUILD:
Big Picture,
FineActing
THEY MUST have run out of
reels when they produced "The
Big Picture." Kxing Vidor made a
movie over three hours long about
Americans in World War I with'
everything thrown in-romance,
action, humor and pathos.
But the thing that makes this
movie of the twenties so good is
its acting. It may be silly for the
first 15 minutes or so, but that's
the fault of the scriptwriter.
Things begin to move along when
Jim Apperson (John Gilbert) en-
lists in the army. From that point
to the two hour mark, you won-
der if there really is a war on.
You find out quickly enough in
this, the best part of the picture.
The cinematographer sees his
chance to work artistically and
movingly with war and its rav-
ages. And in the most moving scene
ow the picture-like a pause in
hell-we see Jim occupy the same
foxhole with a dying soldier. Both
are frightened by the battle. The
dying man asks for a little mercy.
** *